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Educational achievement at the senior high school level relies heavily upon student engagement, where the instructor serves as a pivotal variable in the pedagogical process. The phenomenon of diminished academic interest represents a significant hurdle, necessitating a profound understanding of how educators contribute to igniting active participation. This inquiry aims to examine and map the teacher's function in fostering a passion for learning among adolescents, while simultaneously uncovering the instructional tactics employed to spark such enthusiasm. The investigation adopts a literature review method with a qualitative descriptive-analytical lens, evaluating ten research articles published between 2020 and 2025 centered on teaching roles and student motivation. Findings demonstrate that the teacher’s influence in elevating student interest is holistic and multidimensional. This encompasses social competence through empathetic interaction, professional teaching performance in instructional design and evaluation, and personal integrity as an inspirational figure. Furthermore, the mastery of pedagogical and technological elements proves essential in cultivating a conducive, distinctive, and meaningful classroom environment for every learner. 

Tourism in Bali, as the backbone of the regional economy, absorbs more than 50% of the workforce and gives rise to complex labor dynamics. Although Law No. 13 of 2003 on Manpower and Law No. 21 of 2000 on Trade Unions guarantee worker protection and freedom of association, the reality on the ground is still marked by the misuse of fixed-term employment contracts (PKWT), violations of outsourcing regulations, and both structural and cultural barriers to union formation. This article employs a normative juridical approach, using statute, conceptual, and case-based methods to analyze the regulatory framework and the responses of workers, employers, and government actors in addressing industrial relations disputes within Bali’s tourism sector. The findings reveal a significant gap between written legal norms and actual practice: repeated extensions of PKWT, outsourcing of core tasks such animal caretaking, union-busting through dismissal of union members, and weak law enforcement at regional level. Trade unions play a role in mediation and advocacy, but their performance is hindered by employer intimidation, low legal literacy among workers, and limited institutional support. Bridging this gap requires strict oversight, legal education for workers, as well as the strengthening of union capacity and the authority of local governments.

This study aims to analyze the relationship between legal compliance and the internalization of the constitution in strengthening the concept of the rule of law through a constitutional rights approach and the theory of Islamic Sociological Jurisprudence. The main issue addressed is the low level of legal compliance, which is often caused by a weak understanding and internalization of constitutional values in society. This research employs a normative juridical method with conceptual and sociological approaches, supported by an analysis of Islamic legal theory that emphasizes the interconnection between legal norms, social values, and morality. The findings indicate that legal compliance does not solely depend on formal law enforcement mechanisms, but also on the process of internalizing constitutional values as part of public legal awareness. The constitutional rights approach positions individuals as primary subjects who possess awareness of their rights and obligations, while the theory of Islamic Sociological Jurisprudence reinforces the moral and social dimensions in the formation of legal compliance. The integration of these two approaches can create a legal system that is not only normative in nature but also responsive to the social and religious values of society. Therefore, strengthening the rule of law requires a comprehensive strategy through legal education, the internalization of constitutional values, and the enhancement of moral awareness based on Islamic principles. This study is expected to contribute both theoretically and practically to the development of integrative and contextual legal studies in Indonesia.

Background: Exclusive breastfeeding is crucial for improving maternal and infant health, yet its success remains inconsistent, influenced by psychological factors such as breastfeeding self-efficacy. Mothers with high confidence are more likely to maintain exclusive breastfeeding despite physical and emotional challenges postpartum. Limited evidence exists regarding this relationship at the community level. Objective: This study analyzed the relationship between breastfeeding self-efficacy and successful exclusive breastfeeding among postpartum mothers. Methods: A quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted in Sliyeg Village, the working area of Puskesmas Sliyeg, Indramayu, in March 2026. The population included postpartum mothers with infants aged 0–6 months. A total of 68 respondents were selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected using the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale-Short Form (BSES-SF) and an observation sheet for exclusive breastfeeding success. The Chi-Square test was used for analysis with a significance level of α=0.05. Results: Most respondents had high breastfeeding self-efficacy (61.8%) and successfully practiced exclusive breastfeeding (66.2%). Statistical analysis showed a significant relationship between breastfeeding self-efficacy and exclusive breastfeeding success (p=0.001). Conclusion: Breastfeeding self-efficacy is significantly associated with the success of exclusive breastfeeding among postpartum mothers. Enhancing lactation education, family support, and counseling is recommended to strengthen maternal confidence and promote successful exclusive breastfeeding practices.  

Background: Exclusive breastfeeding is crucial for improving maternal and infant health, yet its success remains inconsistent, influenced by psychological factors such as breastfeeding self-efficacy. Mothers with high confidence are more likely to maintain exclusive breastfeeding despite physical and emotional challenges postpartum. Limited evidence exists regarding this relationship at the community level. Objective: This study analyzed the relationship between breastfeeding self-efficacy and successful exclusive breastfeeding among postpartum mothers. Methods: A quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted in Sliyeg Village, the working area of Puskesmas Sliyeg, Indramayu, in March 2026. The population included postpartum mothers with infants aged 0–6 months. A total of 68 respondents were selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected using the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale-Short Form (BSES-SF) and an observation sheet for exclusive breastfeeding success. The Chi-Square test was used for analysis with a significance level of α=0.05. Results: Most respondents had high breastfeeding self-efficacy (61.8%) and successfully practiced exclusive breastfeeding (66.2%). Statistical analysis showed a significant relationship between breastfeeding self-efficacy and exclusive breastfeeding success (p=0.001). Conclusion: Breastfeeding self-efficacy is significantly associated with the success of exclusive breastfeeding among postpartum mothers. Enhancing lactation education, family support, and counseling is recommended to strengthen maternal confidence and promote successful exclusive breastfeeding practices.  

This Community Service (CS) initiative was executed collaboratively by faculty members from five universities—Universitas Pamulang, Universitas Presiden, Universitas Trisakti, Universitas Pembangunan Jaya, and Universitas Borobudur—in Kasomalang Kulon Tourism Village, Subang Regency, West Java, on April 17, 2026. This initiative aimed to instruct village leaders, as prospective catalysts for change in waste management and renewable energy, on the technique for converting plastic trash into pyrolysis-derived alternative fuel and the Triboelectric Nanogenerator (TENG) energy harvesting technology. This activity addresses the critical issues of plastic waste pollution and the exhaustion of fossil fuel reserves. Annually, almost 8 million tonnes of plastic waste infiltrate the oceans, yet merely 9% of all plastic ever manufactured is effectively recycled. The collaborative effort encompassed Electrical Engineering, Computer Systems, Petroleum Engineering, Information Systems, Product Design, and Agrotechnology. The instructional techniques employed comprised lectures and conversations. The activity's results indicated that participants acquired a thorough comprehension of pyrolysis mechanisms, the principles of TENG energy conversion, and its possible applications at the village level. Despite the absence of direct implementation, the cadres shown significant motivation to facilitate technology adoption inside their communities. This PKM model demonstrates that interdisciplinary collaboration across universities is effective in providing innovative technological education to rural populations.

This study aims to examine the role of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah teachers in shaping students’ Islamic character through a character education approach. The research employs a qualitative method with a library research design by reviewing various literature sources, including books, journal articles, and relevant previous studies. The findings indicate that Madrasah Ibtidaiyah teachers play a strategic role as educators, mentors, role models, facilitators, and guides in instilling Islamic character values in students from an early age. These values include honesty, discipline, responsibility, patience, empathy, humility, gratitude, mutual respect, cooperation, and obedience to Islamic teachings. The formation of Islamic character is carried out through classroom learning activities, daily habituation, exemplary behavior demonstrated by teachers, and various religious programs integrated into school life, such as congregational prayers, Qur’an recitation, and Islamic celebrations. In addition, teachers collaborate with parents and the school environment to create a consistent and supportive atmosphere for character development. The study concludes that the success of Islamic character education at the Madrasah Ibtidaiyah level is strongly influenced by the consistency, commitment, and quality of teachers’ roles in carrying out their educational responsibilities and serving as positive examples for students in everyday life.

Kartika Jala Krida (KJK) in 2026 is one of the practical training courses for AAL Cadets Level III of the corps, Sailors, Engineering, Electronics, and Supply. KJK is implemented based on the AAL Cadet Education Implementation Program and Instructions for the implementation of AAL Cadet Practical Training. KJK aims to provide experience in large-circle sailing and astronomical navigation for Sailor Corps Cadets, as well as practicing all basic professional lessons taught at AAL for both sailor and non-sailor Cadets. In addition, Lattek KJK is also a means of naval diplomacy and promotion of Indonesian culture to the countries visited. The KJK voyage uses KRI Bima Suci with a sailing route of Surabaya - Jakarta - Belawan - Sri Lanka - Singapore - Vietnam - China - South Korea - Russia - Japan - Philippines - Bitung, and back to Surabaya. The total distance to be sailed reaches 16,877 nautical miles (NM) for 124 days, using KRI Bima Suci. The 2026 KJK was attended by 79 AAL cadets and 52 cadets from friendly countries in the ASEAN Plus Cadet Sail (APCS) program delegation, consisting of 9 ASEAN member countries: Brunei Darussalam, Malaysia, Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Timor Leste, and 17 ASEAN Partner Countries consisting of Australia, China, India, Japan, South Korea, Egypt, France, Italy, UAE, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Iran, Kenya, Seychelles, Sri Lanka, the Netherlands, and Canada. A total of 131 participants. Departing Thursday, March 26, 2026, from AAL and arriving at stage 6 in China until May 28, 2026.

The flash floods that struck Aceh Tamiang caused infrastructure damage and contaminated clean water sources, making it difficult for residents to obtain potable water. This situation increases the risk of water-borne diseases and worsens the post-disaster situation. This research aims to develop a large-scale, simple water filtration prototype as an emergency response solution that is effective, economical, and easy to implement by affected communities. The methods used include field observation, water sampling, testing simple physical parameters (turbidity, color, odor, and pH), and designing a gravity-based, multi-stage filtration system without electricity. The prototype uses a combination of filter media such as gravel, silica sand, activated charcoal, and natural fibers in a drum system. Test results show a decrease in turbidity levels from 150–300 NTU to 5–15 NTU after the filtration process, as well as an increase in pH to near neutral. The filtered water is declared suitable for sanitation and consumption after undergoing a further disinfection process. In addition to implementing the technology, this research also includes public education regarding the selection of safe water sources and maintenance of the filtration system. Based on these results, this large-scale simple water filtration prototype is effective as an appropriate technological solution in handling the post-disaster clean water crisis and has the potential to be replicated in other flood-prone areas.

This study examines how madrasah students perceive the meaningfulness of Islamic Religious Education (Pendidikan Agama Islam/PAI) integrated with local wisdom as a means of instilling Islamic values. The Malay community in Pemayung District, Batanghari Regency, Jambi, inherits a rich array of traditions deeply rooted in Islamic values, including zikir ratib, hadrah, berzanji, and patitih. However, the extent to which such local wisdom integration in formal PAI instruction is perceived as meaningful by students has never been empirically measured. This descriptive-comparative survey study involved 82 students of MTs. Irsyadul Ibad, selected through a total sampling technique. The instrument employed was the SPIN-KL Scale (40 items, α = 0.884), measuring eight perceptual dimensions on a 5-point Likert scale. Analysis results revealed an overall mean perception score of 4.12 (SD = 0.42; positive category; 82.7% positive responses). The dimension of PAI content relevance to local wisdom obtained the highest score (M = 4.24; very positive), while the dimension of Islamic identity consolidation through local culture recorded the lowest score, though still remaining positive (M = 3.98). Independent samples t-tests indicated a significant difference based on students' active participation in religious study circles (pengajian) (t(80) = 4.74, p < 0.001, d = 1.07), whereas gender and grade level yielded no significant differences. These findings underscore the importance of collaboration between madrasah institutions and religious-cultural communities in strengthening the internalization of Islamic values.

This study aims to analyze the role and variation of test instruments in measuring students’ cognitive domain in the learning evaluation process. Using a literature review method, this study examines various scientific sources related to educational evaluation and cognitive assessment. The findings indicate that the cognitive domain includes thinking skills ranging from lower-order thinking skills (C1: Remembering, C2: Understanding) to higher-order thinking skills (C3: Applying, C4: Analyzing, C5: Evaluating, and C6: Creating) based on Bloom’s Taxonomy. Test instruments such as multiple-choice, essay, true-false, matching, and oral tests possess different characteristics, advantages, and limitations for assessing specific cognitive levels. Objective tests are considered effective for measuring lower-order thinking skills because they offer high reliability and objectivity, whereas essay tests are more appropriate for assessing higher-order thinking skills (HOTS). In addition, the quality of test instruments is influenced by validity, reliability, objectivity, difficulty level, and discrimination index. Therefore, the appropriate and varied use of test instruments is essential to obtain comprehensive and accurate measurements of students’ cognitive abilities and to support effective learning evaluation and instructional decision-making processes.

The subject of corpse care is one of the important competencies in Islamic Religious Education (PAI) at the senior high school level, which is obligatory (fardhu kifayah). However, the complexity of the material and the presence of psychological barriers often make students less interested or feel afraid. This study aims to analyze in-depth the perceptions of SMA YATPI Godong students regarding the importance of corpse care, the factors that influence these perceptions, and the urgency of this competency as a provision for social life. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach supported by simple quantitative data percentages. The subjects were 35 grade XI students, selected using a purposive sampling technique. Data collection was carried out through participant observation, questionnaire distribution, in-depth interviews, and documentation. Data analysis followed an interactive model that includes data condensation, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results showed that the majority of students (82.8%) had a very positive perception of the urgency of this material and were aware of its socio-cultural responsibility. The main factors influencing students' perceptions included the demonstration method using mannequins implemented by teachers, internal religiosity values, and the encouragement of societal expectations. These skills are considered essential not only for fulfilling academic obligations but also as a form of student readiness to engage and contribute significantly to their social environment in the event of grief.

Hypertension is a condition where blood pressure increases above normal limits as indicated by systolic and diastolic values ​​during examination. In Karanglangit Village, the community's low level of knowledge regarding risk factors, prevention and treatment of hypertension is an obstacle in controlling this disease. This service activity aims to increase public understanding so that they are able to implement efforts to prevent and manage hypertension independently. The method used is direct counseling with the help of presentation media and educational posters. The activity stages include completing a pre-test, providing material about hypertension, an interactive discussion session, and a post-test. The activity was carried out in January 2026 at the Karanglangit Village Hall, Lamongan District, with 26 PKK women participating. The results show an increase in participants' knowledge, marked by an increase in the average score from 76.92% in the pre-test to 100% in the post-test. The paired t-test showed a significant difference before and after the counseling (p<0.001), so that the activity was considered effective in increasing community knowledge. Apart from that, participants also better understand the importance of a healthy lifestyle, regular check-ups, and compliance in maintaining stable blood pressure.

 This study aims to analyze the use of Google Translate in the process of learning English, highlighting its benefits, limitations, and impact on students’ learning quality. This research employs a qualitative approach using a library research method, where data are obtained from various literature sources such as books, scholarly articles, and relevant online publications. The findings indicate that Google Translate is widely used by students as a tool to quickly and practically understand English texts. However, this high level of usage also leads to several issues, including the inaccuracy of translations in certain contexts, increased dependency on technology, and a limited understanding of language structure. Nevertheless, Google Translate still provides advantages in improving learning efficiency and access to global knowledge resources. Therefore, the use of this technology needs to be guided wisely so that it supports the learning process without reducing students’ cognitive engagement. This study is expected to contribute to a better understanding of the role of technology in language learning in the digital era and to serve as a reference for educators and students in utilizing technology more effectively.  

Background: Acute respiratory infection (ARI) remains a major public health concern, particularly in primary care settings. Lifestyle factors such as dietary patterns and physical activity are increasingly recognized as potential contributors to respiratory health. Objective: This study aimed to examine the association between dietary patterns, physical activity, and ARI among primary care patients in East Halmahera, Indonesia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at a primary health care facility in East Halmahera, Indonesia, from January to February 2026, involving 106 respondents selected using a total sampling technique. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and medical records. Variables included sociodemographic characteristics, dietary patterns, physical activity, and ARI status. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Chi-square tests with a significance level of p < 0.05. Results: The prevalence of ARI among respondents was 77.4%. Bivariate analysis showed that dietary patterns (p = 0.006) and physical activity (p = 0.015) were significantly associated with ARI. In contrast, age, gender, marital status, education level, employment status, smoking, and alcohol consumption were not significantly associated with ARI (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Dietary patterns and physical activity were significantly associated with ARI among primary care patients in East Halmahera. These findings highlight the importance of lifestyle-related factors in addressing respiratory infections at the primary care level.  

Digital transformation in higher education has created a new paradigm in instructional interACTION, especially in the use of synchronous learning platforms. This study evaluates the strategy of choosing learning media between Zoom Meeting, Google Meet dan Microsoft Teams using the ACTION framework (Access, Cost, Technology, Interactivity, Organization, Novelty). This study is set against the background of academic adjustment policies at UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, where lectures were moved to a full online format during the Ramadan period to support learning effectiveness and the solemnity of worship. The main focus of the research is to analyze the level of media inclusivity based on the burden of quota costs (cost) and the technological readiness of devices (technology) owned by students. The method used is a comparative study with a descriptive survey approach to active students. The results of the study are expected to provide recommendations for educators in choosing the most efficient and supportive platform for the economic and technical conditions of students in the digital transition period.

This study aims to analyze the socio-economic characteristics, income levels, and welfare levels of business actors at Lake Sipin Tourism, Jambi City. A descriptive survey approach was employed, involving 50 business actors as the sample selected through a saturated sampling technique. Data were collected using structured questionnaires, while descriptive analysis based on criteria established by the Central Statistics Agency was applied as the primary analytical tool. The findings reveal that the socio-economic profile of business actors is predominantly female, with an average age of 42 years, a senior high school educational background, and operating food-based businesses independently with considerably limited capital. In terms of income, the average monthly net income of Rp2,486,000 falls within the moderate category according to the Central Statistics Agency criteria, although 40% of respondents still belong to the low-income group. Meanwhile, the welfare level was measured through the proportion of food consumption expenditure relative to total household expenditure, which reached 48.41% per month, placing the majority of business actors within the moderate welfare category overall.

Islamic religious education at the Madrasah Diniyah level often relies on passive, one-directional teaching methods that reduce madrasah student engagement and long-term retention. This community service study aimed to improve the quality of Fiqh instruction at Madrasah Diniyah Al-Ishlah Kalirejo, Pasuruan, by implementing kinesthetic games, Small Group Discussion (SGD), and visual teaching aids within the framework of Kitab Mabadi’ Fiqhiyyah. A qualitative descriptive approach was employed through four participatory observation sessions, with visual documentation serving as primary data. The program was implemented in four thematic meetings covering funeral prayer procedures, tayammum, hajj simulation (tawaf), and najis classification. Findings indicate that kinesthetic games effectively reduced affective barriers and increased student focus, while the SGD model with a 1:8 mentor-to-student ratio enabled precise procedural correction for motor-based worship practices. The use of concrete teaching aids successfully transformed abstract Fiqh concepts into tangible, memorable knowledge. This study concludes that the integration of active learning methods, small-group mentoring, and visual media within traditional Islamic education settings can significantly enhance student engagement and comprehension. These findings offer a replicable pedagogical model for Madrasah Diniyah educators seeking to modernize instruction while preserving classical curriculum integrity.

This study aims to analyze the role of Islamic educational philosophy in shaping religious moderation among the younger generation and to identify challenges in its implementation. This research employs a qualitative approach using a library research method through content analysis of relevant literature and academic sources. The findings reveal that Islamic educational philosophy has a significant role in promoting the values of tawazun (balance), tasamuh (tolerance), i’tidal (justice), and wasathiyah (moderation) as the foundation of moderate religious attitudes and behaviors. The implementation of these values is reflected through curriculum integration, inclusive learning processes, and the development of a supportive school culture that encourages mutual respect and diversity. Nevertheless, several obstacles still hinder its effectiveness, including narrow religious understanding, low levels of digital literacy, the spread of radical narratives in social media, and limited teacher competence in implementing moderation-based education. Therefore, strengthening religious moderation requires synergy among philosophical concepts, educators, families, communities, and the national education system.

Diabetes mellitus, as a persistent non-infectious metabolic pathology increasingly prominent in the global epidemiological spectrum, is fundamentally characterized by dysfunctional hyperglycemia rooted in primary disruptions of pancreatic insulin hormone synthesis or peripheral resistance to its biological action, thereby inducing dynamic imbalances in gluconeogenesis and glycolysis pathways; amid the hypothesis that body mass index (BMI) as a measure of central adiposity potentially mediates variability in serum glucose levels, this quantitative observational study with a cross-sectional design rigorously tests the causal relationship between BMI and fasting/random blood glucose concentrations in a cohort of 134 adult subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus affiliated with primary care services at Puskesmas Bongo II, Boalemo Regency, through an inclusive total sampling recruitment strategy, precision anthropometric measurement instruments (height, weight, WHO BMI categorization), and laboratory-validated glucometric validation, with multivariate inferential processing based on the Chi-Square independence test at a Type I error rate of α=0.05 using the latest edition of the SPSS analytical suite; the demographic profile highlights female gender supremacy (90 individuals, 67.2%), the normoweight group (78 cases, 58.2%), concurrent with substantial glycemic elevation prevalence (78 subjects, 58.2%), but the crucial statistical output reveals a p-value of 0.831 (>0.05) that negates any probabilistically meaningful association, thus the substantive conclusion affirms the non-significance of the BMI-glucose relationship in this local context, while implying the dominance of alternative etiopathogenic factors such as hypercaloric macronutrient intake patterns, deficits in aerobic/anaerobic physical activity, non-adherence to multidisciplinary pharmacological protocols (e.g., metformin/oral hypoglycemics), and a comprehensive management paradigm integrating behavioral education, continuous monitoring, and personalized interventions to mitigate long-term cardiovascular risks across the diabetes mellitus spectrum.