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The implementation of the General Administration System in the Administration Division of PT Anugerah Santosa Abadi (ASA) in Surabaya has a significant impact on the smooth operation of the company. This research highlights tax invoice and invoice management as a key element in daily administrative activities. Through a descriptive qualitative approach, this research aims to analyze the administrative practices implemented and their impact on company efficiency. The main objective of this research is to analyze the implementation of the general administration system, with a focus on the management of tax invoices and invoices, as well as identifying the impact on the smooth operations of PT ASA. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach by carrying out an internship practice for one month at PT ASA. Data was collected through observation, interviews with administrative personnel, and analysis of documents related to tax invoices, invoices, and company tax policies. The research results show that PT ASA consistently applies two types of invoices, namely tax invoices and invoices, with clear roles and functions. Tax invoice color management contributes to the effectiveness of archiving and transaction tracking. Implementation of payment terms with the "Accurate" application also allows adaptation to the needs of customers from different sectors. Overall, good integration of administrative systems ensures company compliance with tax regulations and provides optimal service to customers. This research concludes that the implementation of the general administration system at PT ASA, especially in the management of tax invoices and invoices, makes a positive contribution to smooth operations and company compliance with tax regulations. The practical implication of this research is the importance of understanding and managing administrative aspects holistically to improve the efficiency and quality of company services.    

. Indonesia's role in the G20 has shown increasing significance, especially in fighting for the interests of developing countries and promoting an inclusive development agenda. This journal analyzes Indonesia's contribution to the G20, including policy initiatives, economic diplomacy, as well as efforts on global issues such as climate change, global health, and financial stability. This research found that Indonesia not only acts as an active member but also as a mediator capable of bridging the interests of developed and developing countries. In the context of climate change, Indonesia has actively promoted global commitments to reduce emissions and protect the environment, while in global health issues, Indonesia has contributed to efforts to overcome pandemics and improve the global health system. In the field of financial stability, Indonesia has participated in discussions regarding reform of the global financial architecture to create a fairer and more stable system. This indicates that Indonesia's role in the G20 not only contributes to strengthening Indonesia's position on the global stage, but also enriches the dynamics of multilateral cooperation in the forum.

This study examines the ongoing process of transitioning archive storage systems to digital formats within both governmental and private organizations, with a specific focus on assessing the benefits and drawbacks associated with digital applications. Moreover, this study also compares various aspects of archive management between state and private companies, including archive storage principles, storage systems, equipment and supplies, recording systems, lending systems, maintenance and care, and manual archive evaluation. The study utilized a descriptive approach with a qualitative method. Information was gathered through interviews pertinent to the research objectives. Findings revealed both commonalities and distinctions in the management of archives between public and private enterprises. Both types of companies use digital systems for records management, but there are differences in the applications used. Private companies use an application called Dynamics AX, which has advantages in terms of flexibility and integration with other management systems, but also has disadvantages in terms of high costs and training needs. On the other hand, state companies use the West Java Electronic Document Information System (SIDEBAR), which is more focused on administrative needs and government documentation, and has advantages in terms of accessibility and regulatory compliance, but disadvantages in terms of limited features and technical support. A further comparison shows that record-keeping systems in private companies tend to be more modern with the use of the latest technology, while state companies are more conservative with an emphasis on compliance with government regulations and standards. The equipment and supplies used by private companies are more sophisticated, while state companies prioritize simplicity and cost efficiency. In terms of loan and maintenance systems, private companies have faster and more efficient procedures, while state companies have stricter and more organized procedures. In general, this study finds that the conversion of archives into digital formats brings considerable advantages to both state-owned and private companies, though each faces unique hurdles during the process. Ongoing assessment and adjustments to systems are crucial for enhancing the effectiveness and efficiency of record management across both sectors.    

Chronic diseases in humans are very difficult to detect visually, for example glaucoma, hypertension, diabetes, and others. So it takes a lot of time for further medical examination by visiting a health center or hospital. Therefore, this research aims to find a solution combining medical and computer science to classify quickly and precisely. Classifying eye images requires good features and characteristics so that disease images can be classified. This research uses the Deep Learning method, namely Convolutional Neural Network with MobileNet-V3 architecture which can extract features from large resolution images very well. This research resulted in accurate classification of images of chronic diseases Normal, Diabetes, Glucoma, Cataract, Age related macular degeneration, Hypertension, Pathalogical Myopia. uses the MobileNet-V3 architecture, with transfer learning reaching 81%, and loss only 0.4913.

This research explores the classification of brass instrument sounds using Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) combined with Mel-Frequency Cepstrum Coefficient (MFCC) feature extraction. This research aims to improve the accuracy of brass instrument sound recognition by utilizing CNN's ability to process audio data. Through experiments conducted with different audio durations and variations in CNN model architecture, this study evaluates the impact of dataset separation and model design on classification performance. The results show that dataset duration and CNN model architecture significantly affect classification accuracy, with the highest accuracy achieved in the scenario using 30 seconds of audio duration with an accuracy value of 84%. In addition, experiments varying the number of convolution layers in the CNN model show that the selection of the model architecture plays an important role in classification performance. Overall, this research contributes to advancing the field of audio classification by providing insight into the optimal dataset duration and model architecture for wind instrument speech recognition using CNNs.

Indonesia is known as the largest archipelagic country in the world and is recognized as having a maritime territorial area that is almost equal to its land area. Indonesia's territorial waters contain abundant potential fishery resources and marine diversity, making it known as a maritime country. Illegal fishing is an activity or fishing activity that is contrary to a country's laws or international regulations, where the majority of perpetrators are corporations. Illegal fishing practices have a tremendous impact on marine sustainability, causing huge losses to the country. The occurrence of illegal fishing is caused by weak law enforcement and supervision in Indonesian waters and the authorities' indecisiveness in handling illegal fishing perpetrators. Understanding illegal fishing and crimes committed by corporations should be a strong basis for every legal practitioner to process and impose appropriate and correct sanctions on every perpetrator of illegal fishing or corporate crime perpetrators. The method used in this research is a normative legal research method sourced from primary data, namely the Criminal Code (KUHP), Law Number 45 of 2009 in conjunction with Law Number 31 of 2004 concerning Fisheries, Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 32 of 2009 concerning Environmental Protection and Management (UUPPLH), secondary data and tertiary data based on regulations relating to fisheries and corporate crimes. The data collection method is qualitative descriptive analysis with literature study using a statute approach. This research aims to determine the factors that cause the crime of illegal fishing in Indonesia, the legal responsibility of corporations related to the crime of illegal fishing in Indonesia and the efforts made to prevent or eradicate the occurrence of criminal acts. illegal fishing in Indonesia.

This research aims to analyze building a quality archiving system to support good office governance. The method in this research is a qualitative research method. Interview data was transcribed and reviewed using thematic content analysis. The study reports key data themes that include improving operational efficiency, increasing transparency and accountability. In this way, researchers investigate how teachers can build a quality archiving system to support good office governance. The research results show that implementing an integrated and modern archiving system can reduce human error, speed up access to information, and increase transparency and accountability in office operations. Implementation of this system also plays an important role in increasing administrative efficiency and facilitating the achievement of overall organizational goals.

Background: The rapid advancement of Industry 4.0 has accelerated the integration of digital technologies such as the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), edge computing, and Digital Twin systems in smart manufacturing environments. However, many existing implementations remain fragmented and heavily dependent on centralized cloud infrastructures, resulting in latency constraints, limited scalability, and suboptimal real-time decision making. Objective: This study aims to develop and validate an integrated edge based Digital Twin optimization framework that combines IIoT sensing, hybrid edge cloud architecture, and reinforcement learning based adaptive control. Methods: The research adopts a multi phase design consisting of framework development, simulation based validation, and industrial pilot implementation. The proposed system integrates real time data acquisition, localized edge processing, Digital Twin synchronization, and intelligent optimization mechanisms to enhance operational efficiency. Results: The findings demonstrate significant performance improvements compared to conventional cloud based systems, including substantial latency reduction, increased production throughput, reduced downtime, and improved energy efficiency. Scalability and robustness testing further confirm that distributed edge intelligence enhances system resilience under increased workloads and network disruptions. These results indicate that integrating edge computing with Digital Twin modeling and reinforcement learning provides a scalable, responsive, and energy efficient solution for next-generation smart factories.

This article discusses the social phenomenon related to using Siger Lampung as one of the cultural attributes typical of the Lampung region. Currently, the use of Siger Lampung is increasingly varied, ranging from clothing, decoration, and public facilities to commercial places. Siger, which is currently more often used in the context of architecture and design, requires adjustments that some traditional and cultural figures may not approve of. This adjustment also requires a careful approach to ensure that the essence of its culture is not lost and can continue to survive. Given these obstacles and challenges, the community and government need to work together on the importance of maintaining Siger as an integral part of Lampung culture. Through support through education, promotion, and cultural initiatives, Siger can remain a symbol of recognition in this modern era. This study aims to analyze the role of Siger Lampung in preserving traditions and cultural adaptation in a multi-ethnic society. By understanding the dynamics of Siger use, this cultural symbol is expected to function as a uniform tool and collective identity in various communities.

Background: Additive manufacturing (AM) requires reliable and efficient defect detection mechanisms to ensure structural integrity and product quality, yet conventional inspection approaches remain time-consuming and often unsuitable for real-time industrial deployment. Objective: This study aims to develop and experimentally validate an artificial intelligence based vision inspection system capable of accurately detecting surface defects in AM components. Methods: A Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) architecture utilizing pretrained backbones (ResNet and EfficientNet) was implemented with a transfer learning strategy and data augmentation techniques. High-resolution AM surface images representing porosity, cracks, and layer misalignment were used for training and evaluation. Model performance was assessed using Accuracy, Precision, Recall, F1-score, and mean Average Precision (mAP), and comparative benchmarking was conducted against traditional machine learning models such as Support Vector Machine and Random Forest. Results: The proposed CNN-based models significantly outperformed conventional approaches, achieving up to 95.1% Accuracy and 92.8% mAP. The EfficientNet backbone demonstrated superior generalization capability, particularly in balancing Precision and Recall, indicating robust defect detection performance across multiple categories. These findings confirm that AI-driven inspection frameworks provide scalable and reliable quality assurance solutions for advanced manufacturing environments.

Architecture using tree topology has become a popular approach in managing computer networks. Tree topology combines elements of star and bus topologies, resulting in an efficient and scalable network for a variety of purposes. This paper discusses the basic concepts of architecture using tree topology, including hierarchical structures and design advantages. First, the tree topology consists of a parent node (root node) which leads to a number of branch nodes (branch nodes). Each branch node can then connect to other nodes, forming a multilevel hierarchy. In computer networks, this topology is often used to connect a number of LANs (Local Area Networks) into a larger network. The main advantages of tree topology are scalability and management efficiency. The network can be expanded by adding new branch nodes without affecting the rest of the network. Additionally, network monitoring and maintenance becomes more organized due to a clear hierarchical structure. However, tree topology also has disadvantages. If the parent node fails, then all parts of the network connected to that node can be affected. Additionally, complex implementations may require more sophisticated hardware and software. In the modern computing era, tree topologies are used in a variety of contexts, ranging from corporate network infrastructure to online content distribution. Its ability to provide an organized and extensible structure makes it an attractive choice in designing efficient and reliable network architectures.

This study aims to identify morphological and reproductive characters in Thallophyta and Bryophyta in UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung. Bryophytes have high species diversity and are known as the second largest group of plants after flowering plants. They play an important role in maintaining ecosystems, especially water balance and nutrient cycles, and serve as bioindicators due to their sensitivity to environmental changes. The study was conducted by taking samples of leaf lichens and crustose lichens on various substrates such as rocks, soil, and trees, then observed using a stereo microscope and binocular microscope. The results showed that Thallophyta, such as crustose lichens, have unique morphological structures and can reproduce through ascospores, while Bryophyta, such as leaf mosses, have a life cycle that includes gametophyte and sporophyte stages. Reproduction in leaf mosses occurs sexually through the antheridium and archegonium, and asexually through stolon fragmentation. In addition to their ecological role, lichens also provide important habitat for a variety of organisms and help maintain the balance of tropical forest ecosystems. The adaptation of lichens to a wide range of environmental conditions allows them to survive in various substrates and extreme situations. This study provides new insights into the role of lichens in ecosystems and their potential applications for environmental conservation and restoration. The results of this study can serve as a basis for biodiversity conservation efforts and sustainable environmental management. Therefore, it is important to take appropriate conservation measures to preserve the vital role of lichens in ecosystems and the overall health of the environment.

This article discusses the challenges faced by Indonesia's Marine Security Agency (Bakamla) in improving security and safety in Indonesian waters, which is the world's largest archipelago. Based on the reality that the importance of Indonesia's vast waters and vulnerability to maritime threats, such as sea crime and smuggling. The purpose of this study is to analyse the challenges of Bakamla and its role as guardian of the sea. The method used is a descriptive qualitative approach, which includes a literature study and in-depth interviews with various relevant parties. The results show that Bakamla faces various constraints, including limited resources, inadequate equipment, and lack of inter-agency coordination. Nonetheless, through a hard power approach and strengthening inter-agency collaboration, Bakamla can strengthen its capacity in maintaining maritime security. This research emphasises the importance of budget support and equipment modernisation to improve Bakamla's effectiveness in protecting Indonesia's maritime interests.

This study aims to explore the role of Information Management Technology (TMI) in expediting the filing of office letters at SMA Tunas Pelita Binjai. The main focus of this research is to analyse the impact of TMI implementation on efficiency, information disclosure, and service quality improvement in letter filing. The research methods used include centralised interviews with teachers and TU staff as respondents, analysis of system usage data, and business process modelling. The results show that the implementation of TMI has contributed significantly in improving the efficiency of office letter filing at SMA Tunas Pelita Binjai. The integrated database system allows the storage and management of letters to be more structured and easily accessible. In addition, TMI also enables higher information disclosure and improved quality of school administration services. The integration of TMI not only provides internal benefits to the office in records management, but also contributes to the improvement of the office's image and reputation in service to stakeholders. By continuing to maintain and develop the existing TMI system, it is expected that SMA Tunas Pelita Binjai can continue to improve its performance and services to achieve better standards in the future.

Indonesia is an archipelago that is flanked by oceanic plates and land plates that cause the two plates to often collide. This causes Indonesia to be an earthquake-prone area and has many volcanoes. Research related to earthquakes in Indonesia continues to develop. This has resulted in several points such as new earthquake hazard maps and the latest regulations related to earthquake-resistant building planning, resulting in the building planning process having to follow the latest applicable regulations. The purpose of this study is to analyze changes in SNI, structural dimension requirements, reinforcement requirements, and structural behavior and internal forces due to the application of SNI 1726:2012 and SNI 1726:2019 in a building. The research method used was to conduct a literature study on the changes from SNI 1726:2012 to SNI 1726:2019 using the SNI 2847:2019 planning which will be used in the structural analysis. The results obtained from this study show that there are differences in the earthquake maps used in SNI 1726:2012 and SNI 1726:2019, there are differences in parameters in SNI 1726:2012 and SNI 1726:2019 which result in an increase in the forces acting on the structure which affects the need for reinforcement. Structural planning is carried out by following SNI 1726:2019 and SNI 2847:2019, for existing buildings that have been built based on SNI 1726:2012, it is necessary to carry out a re-examination or assessment to determine the condition of the existing building in relation to earthquake in Indonesia.

This research examines the need for correspondence management training for administrative staff through a literature review from various related literature sources. Correspondence management is an important activity in office administration, but often does not receive adequate attention. This can cause problems such as mail flow jams, loss of important documents, and slow administration processes. To overcome this problem, appropriate training is needed for administrative staff so that they can manage correspondence effectively and efficiently. Through searching various journals, books and other literary sources, information was obtained about the importance of correspondence management, the obstacles faced by administrative staff, as well as best practices in managing correspondence. From the literature review, relevant training needs for administrative staff were identified, such as digital archiving, handling confidential letters, and the use of information technology-based correspondence management information systems. The results of this literature research provide a comprehensive picture of the needs for correspondence management training for administrative staff. These findings are the basis for designing training programs that suit the real needs of administrative staff, so that they can optimize correspondence management and support the smooth running of administrative processes in the organization.

Today's business developments are increasingly diverse, including retail businesses. Retail in Indonesia is currently growing rapidly. In every corner of the city, it cannot be denied that many retail shops have been built, not only to make a profit but also to provide facilities to the community which is also growing and has more and more needs that must be met. Retail is one of the retail stores in Indonesia which is currently developing. To make work and activities easier, the Blue Green Line Shop needs to improve its spatial layout. The spatial layout that the shop has designed is still considered less effective and efficient. Due to the placement of the freezer which is not visible to customers and the refrigerator which blocks the cashier, it disturbs customers in the payment process. The methods used are the ARC (Activity Relationship Chart) and TCR (Total Closeness Rating) methods. The results of this research show that the cashier has the highest score from the TCR calculation results, namely 168 and has an influence on the course of shop activities using the TCR worksheet, as well as the proposed placement of the freezer right next to the entrance so it is not visible and the refrigerator blocks the cashier from being moved to another row of refrigerators, so that work and activities can run as they should.

Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases are neurodegenerative conditions that affect the brain, with Alzheimer's causing cognitive and behavioral decline, while Parkinson's leads to motor and non-motor impairments. Both diseases have significant impacts on the health and quality of life of patients, with prevalence increasing in recent years. Although the exact causes of these diseases are still unknown, MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) is widely used to detect brain activity and serves as one of the diagnostic methods. With technological advancements, intelligent systems in image processing for image classification have been extensively used and have become a popular field due to their ability to replicate human visual capabilities. Image classification is performed using various supervised learning machine learning algorithms based on the shape, texture, and color of the images. This study employs two Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) architectures, ResNet50 and GoogLeNet, to compare the performance of these models in classifying MRI scans of patients with Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. The results show that the ResNet50 model outperforms the GoogLeNet model, with parameters set to 100 epochs, a batch size of 128, a learning rate of 0.0001, and the Adam optimizer, achieving an accuracy rate of 90%.

The Ritel business in Indonesia is growing and increasing every year because it is considered a promising investment with great potential for significant profits. This study aims to understand and evaluate the layout of Retail Lestari's business. The method used in analyzing the data is the Activity Relationship Chart (ARC) and Total Closeness Rating (TCR) method. Based on the results of the Activity Relationship Chart (ARC) analysis of Ritel Lestari, the facility prioritized for first construction is the cashier, as the cashier has the highest Total Closeness Rating (TCR) value of 76. Therefore, to facilitate the operational process, the placement of other facilities is prioritized based on their highest relationship values to the warehouse to be in close proximity.

The purpose of this research is (1) to determine the use of the Internet of Tings (IoT) to help simplify the process of searching for information at the Archives and Library Service of West Sumatra Province, (2) to determine the implementation of the Internet of Tings (IoT) in searching for information in libraries can increase the effectiveness and efficiency of services at the West Sumatra Province Archives and Library Service, (3) to find out what Internet of Things (IoT) devices can be used to assist the information search process at the West Sumatra Province Archives and Library Service. Measurement of the Internet of Things (IoT) is seen through four indicators, namely OPAC, RFID, information literacy and recommendation services. Measuring search information is seen through five indicators, namely, cognitive needs, affective needs, personal integration needs, social integration needs and fantasy needs. This research is quantitative research with descriptive methods. The population in this study was all users at the West Sumatra Province Archives and Library Service, using a random sampling technique. The main instrument used is a research questionnaire whose validity and reliability have been tested with a sample size of 100 respondents. The research results are: (1) The Internet of Things (IoT) variable has a total average score of 3.46. This indicates that the score is on an interval scale of 3.26-4.00, which means it is classified as very good. (2) The information search variable has a total average score of 3.23. This indicates that the score is on an interval scale of 2.51-3.25, which means it is in the good category. (3) The influence of the Internet of Things (IoT) on information searches at the West Sumatra Province Archives and Library Service. In the hypothesis test, the result was 0.398, which means that information needs have a significant relationship with the use of collections at the Sawahlunto City Library and Archives Service, as well as in the table model summary obtained R = 0.288. Then R2 = 0.083. If converted into a percentage, it is 28.8%, this shows that the influence of the Internet of Things (IoT) on information search is 28.8% and the remaining 71.2% is influenced by other factors. Overall, the results of the research analysis can be concluded by researchers that there is a significant influence on the Internet of Things (IoT) on information searches at the West Sumatra Province Archives and Library Service.