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Coal mining activities in East Kalimantan have significantly contributed to regional economic development, but they have also resulted in extensive land degradation that requires effective reclamation strategies. The integration of forage crops in reclaimed mine lands offers an opportunity to simultaneously support ecological restoration and livestock production. However, the performance of forage grasses under shaded conditions created by revegetation trees remains insufficiently understood. This study aimed to evaluate the physiological responses, morphological characteristics, and nutritional quality of two forage grass species, Brachiaria humidicola and Stenotaphrum secundatum, grown under shaded conditions on reclaimed coal mine land. The experiment was conducted at the PT Kitadin Embalut reclamation site, East Kalimantan, using a split-plot design with two shading levels (0% and 50%) as the main plots and two grass species as subplots. Each treatment was replicated six times. Variables measured included dry matter yield, leaf-to-stem ratio, chlorophyll content (a, b, and total), crude protein, and crude fiber content. The results showed that a 50% shading level significantly influenced physiological and morphological responses of the grasses. Stenotaphrum secundatum exhibited a marked increase in chlorophyll content under shaded conditions, indicating a stronger acclimation to low light environments compared with Brachiaria humidicola. Shading also reduced the leaf-to-stem ratio in both species. However, dry matter production was not significantly affected by shading, suggesting that both grasses were able to maintain biomass accumulation under moderate shade conditions. Shading slightly reduced crude protein and crude fiber contents.

This community service activity aims to enhance the capacity of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in preparing financial statements based on the Financial Accounting Standards for Micro, Small, and Medium Entities (SAK EMKM) through the digitalization of financial recording in UMKM Pasadana. The main problems faced by the partners include low accounting literacy, unstructured and simple financial recording practices, and the limited utilization of digital technology in financial management. The implementation method adopts a participatory approach consisting of several stages, namely socialization, training, mentoring, and evaluation. The training focuses on understanding the basic concepts of SAK EMKM and the practical use of simple and applicable digital financial recording applications. Mentoring is conducted directly to ensure that MSME actors are able to implement financial recording independently and sustainably. The results of the activity indicate an improvement in the knowledge and skills of MSME actors in conducting systematic financial recording in accordance with SAK EMKM principles. In addition, MSME actors begin to adopt digital technology in recording transactions, which improves efficiency, accuracy, and transparency of financial statements. This activity also encourages a shift in mindset, where financial recording is no longer viewed as merely administrative, but as a basis for business decision-making. Thus, this community service activity provides a practical contribution to improving the quality of MSME financial management through the integration of accounting literacy and sustainable digital technology utilization.

Political participation is a key indicator of local democratic quality. However, participation levels are shaped not only by structural factors but also by the configuration of social and psychological determinants underlying voting behavior. This study examines the configuration of social and psychological factors in political participation in Bangko District during the 2024 Merangin local election. A qualitative case study approach was employed. Informants were obtained using snowball sampling, including voters, community leaders, local election organizers, and campaign teams. Data were collected through in‑depth interviews, observation, and documentation, and analyzed using the interactive model of Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña. The findings reveal that participation is shaped by three key social factors family influence, neighborhood networks, and proximity to local political actors and three psychological factors political trust, perceived vote efficacy, and pragmatic motivation. The interaction of these dimensions produces a rational‑communal participation pattern, in which voting decisions are influenced by both benefit considerations and social pressure. These findings highlight that local political participation emerges from the interplay between social structure and individual psychological orientation. The study contributes to the literature on voting behavior in Indonesian local politics.

The rapid development of Islamic finance has encouraged central banks in dual banking systems to design monetary instruments that comply with Sharia principles while maintaining macroeconomic stability. However, the effectiveness of Islamic monetary instruments and their transmission mechanisms remain widely debated in the literature. This study aims to systematically review the empirical and conceptual literature on Islamic monetary instruments, focusing on their effectiveness, transmission channels, and macroeconomic outcomes. Using a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach guided by the PRISMA framework, this research synthesizes findings from major studies examining Islamic monetary policy operations, banking transmission mechanisms, and their impacts on inflation, output, and financial stability. The results reveal that the financing/credit channel and the interest–profit pass-through mechanism are the dominant transmission pathways in dual banking systems. Although Islamic banks often demonstrate relative stability during monetary shocks, policy transmission remains partly influenced by conventional interest rate benchmarks due to institutional and market structure factors. The effectiveness of Islamic monetary instruments is largely determined by the depth of Islamic money markets, the availability of liquid instruments such as central bank sukuk, and the strength of regulatory and institutional infrastructure. Furthermore, empirical evidence linking Islamic monetary instruments directly to macroeconomic outcomes such as inflation and growth remains limited. This study proposes an integrated conceptual framework linking Islamic monetary instruments, transmission channels, and macroeconomic outcomes, moderated by institutional quality, market share of Islamic banking, and market depth. The findings contribute to the literature by providing a comprehensive synthesis of existing research and offering policy insights for strengthening Islamic monetary policy frameworks in dual financial systems.

Tourism regulations play a critical role in shaping destination competitiveness and influencing tourist travel decisions, yet empirical evidence on their effectiveness across different institutional contexts remains limited. This study investigates the impact of tourism regulations on tourist visit performance through a comparative quantitative analysis of Indonesia and Singapore. Using panel data covering the period 2010–2023, this research employs a fixed-effects regression model to examine the relationship between regulatory quality and tourist arrivals, while controlling for economic conditions and transport infrastructure. The findings reveal that tourism regulations have a positive and statistically significant effect on tourist visit performance in both countries. However, the magnitude of the effect is substantially stronger in Singapore, indicating higher regulatory efficiency and institutional effectiveness in translating policy interventions into tourism demand. These results support institutional and tourism demand theories, emphasizing that regulatory quality, rather than regulatory volume, is a key determinant of tourism performance. The study contributes to the tourism policy literature by providing cross-national empirical evidence on regulatory impacts and highlighting the importance of governance capacity in tourism development. From a policy perspective, the findings suggest that countries should prioritize regulatory coherence, administrative efficiency, and adaptive governance to enhance tourism competitiveness and resilience.

The development of digital technology has driven significant changes in modern learning methods by integrating various multimedia media. However, multimedia's ability to facilitate learning depends largely on the extent to which its presentation aligns with the principles of learning psychology, particularly those outlined in the Cognitive Theory of Multimedia Learning (CTML). This study aims to examine the role and effectiveness of multimedia in transforming modern learning methods by combining the results of recent empirical research from 2020 to 2024. This study used the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method by analyzing 22 journal articles obtained from several databases such as Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, and Sinta. Research shows that the use of interactive multimedia helps increase student enthusiasm for learning, participation, understanding of concepts, and the ability to remember course material. However, disorganized multimedia design can add unnecessary mental burden, thereby reducing learning effectiveness. These findings suggest that the successful use of multimedia depends not only on the level of technological advancement but also on the quality of learning design that applies cognitive theory. This study provides a comprehensive summary of the latest research and provides tangible benefits for educators in creating effective digital learning content.

Community service is a form of implementation of the Tri Dharma of Higher Education which aims to make a real contribution to society through the application of science and research results. This activity focuses on improving the quality of regional public services through transparency of information on governor's regulations at the Legal Bureau of the Banten Provincial Regional Secretariat. The problem faced by the community is that there is still limited access and understanding of various regional law products, especially governor's regulations related to the implementation of government and public services. The methods used in this activity include the preparation stage, implementation of socialization, delivery of information, and evaluation of activities to the community. The results of the activity show that transparency of legal information is able to increase public understanding of local government policies and encourage community participation in the process of implementing government. In addition, this activity also contributes to increasing public legal awareness and strengthening the relationship between the government and the community. Thus, information transparency is an important factor in realizing good and accountable governance, transparent, effective, efficient, and oriented to the public interest.

This study aims to analyze the prevalence of illegal parking attendants and their impact on public service delivery and the Regional Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in Sorong City. The method used is a mixed-method approach. The study employed quantitative methods, including a questionnaire survey and descriptive statistical analysis, as well as correlation analyses, and qualitative methods, including in-depth interviews and source triangulation. The results indicate that local government oversight, compliance with parking regulations, and the quality of public services are positively and significantly related to increases in local revenue (PAD). Qualitative findings revealed that illegal parking practices lead to revenue leakage, degraded service quality, and public order issues. Consequently, local governments need to strengthen oversight, digitize parking payments, and provide officers with training to increase transparency and optimize local revenue (PAD). The study's limitations lie in its small sample size and its focus on a single location. Future research is recommended to expand the sample, compare several regions, and employ a more comprehensive policy analysis. These results contribute to the development of informal-economy and social-order theory in the context of urban parking management. In practice, the research findings can serve as the basis for formulating more effective and sustainable parking management policies. Implementation of the recommendations is expected to improve the quality of public services and public trust in local governments effectively and sustainably in the future.

The development of digital technology in recent years has had a significant impact on almost all sectors, especially the financial sector. Digitalization is no longer an option but a fundamental necessity for financial institutions, including Savings and Loan Cooperatives (KSP), to remain competitive and capable of providing efficient, accurate, and high-quality services. The need for technology that can improve service processes, data management, and transactions has become increasingly urgent amid the growing complexity of cooperative members’ demands and the increasing competition among financial institutions.This study aims to analyze the transformation of financial services at KSP Credit Union Bahtera Sejahtera through the implementation of the Escete Program, an online-based digital system. Before 2019, this cooperative used the SIKOPDIT CS system which operated offline, resulting in difficulties in data synchronization and service efficiency. The method used in this study is a qualitative descriptive approach using the perspective of Institutional Theory to examine the motivations behind organizational change.The results of the study indicate that the transition from SIKOPDIT CS to the Escete Program is not merely a technical change but also a form of organizational adaptation to three institutional pressures: (1) Coercive Pressure arising from regulations requiring financial transparency; (2) Mimetic Pressure as an effort to emulate the success of banking digitalization; and (3) Normative Pressure to meet members’ expectations and the professionalism of human resources. The implementation of the Escete Program has proven to improve real-time data accuracy, accelerate services through Android integration, and transform the organizational work culture into a more modern and transparent one.

SMEs play an important role in Indonesia's economy, one of which is the woodcraft industry that has great potential for export. Putra Mandiri Woodcraft (PMW) faces sales instability, ranging from 30% to 145.48% of the set target, which affects production efficiency. This study aims to formulate an effective marketing strategy to increase sales volume and business competitiveness. The methods used in this study include the IFE and EFE Matrix analysis to identify internal and external factors affecting the company, SWOT analysis to formulate various strategies, and QSPM to determine strategy priorities based on the Total Attractiveness Score (TAS) value. The analysis results show that Putra Mandiri Woodcraft has an IFE score of 2.70 and an EFE score of 2.80, indicating that the company's internal condition is quite strong, although the response to external factors is still moderate. The company's main strengths lie in product quality and consumer trust, while its weaknesses are the lack of innovation in product design. Based on the SWOT analysis results, eight potential strategies were found, and the QSPM shows that expansion through a marketplace based on product quality and more varied designs is the main priority with a TAS value of 6.16.

Quality control is an important part of the production process to ensure that the products produced meet the set standards. This study aims to test the application of product quality control on furniture at the Hilya Furniture Store in Serang City. The research method used is a qualitative descriptive approach, with data collected through observation, interviews, and documentation during the Practical Work Lecture (KKP) activities. The results of the study show that the quality control process at the Hilya Furniture Store is still carried out simply, starting from checking raw materials, production processes, to checking the final product before being marketed. The main problems include the limitations of the quality recording system and the lack of systematic quality control standards. In addition, the lack of the use of technology in the quality monitoring process is an obstacle in maintaining product consistency. Therefore, it is necessary to implement a more structured quality control system, including the preparation of standard operating procedures (SOPs), regular quality recording, and training for the workforce to improve product quality and customer satisfaction on an ongoing basis.

This study aims to determine the best combination of oil palm empty fruit bunches (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) and chicken manure in the production of bokashi fertilizer. The research was conducted in Tanjung Selor from November to December 2025. The method used was nutrient analysis of bokashi fertilizer derived from combinations of oil palm empty fruit bunches and chicken manure with three treatments. The first treatment (P1) consisted of 15 kg of oil palm empty fruit bunches and 10 kg of chicken manure, the second treatment (P2) consisted of 10 kg of oil palm empty fruit bunches and 15 kg of chicken manure, while the third treatment (P3) consisted of 7.5 kg of oil palm empty fruit bunches and 7.5 kg of chicken manure. The parameters observed included nutrient content of bokashi fertilizer, namely Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P), Potassium (K), pH, C/N ratio, organic carbon (C-organic), and water content. The results showed that treatment P2, consisting of 10 kg of oil palm empty fruit bunches and 15 kg of chicken manure, produced the best quality bokashi fertilizer.  

This study examines clause structures and syntactic relations in argumentative articles published on the 2025 edition of the Badan Bahasa website. As a communication tool, language plays a crucial role in conveying ideas and shaping logical reasoning, particularly in argumentative texts that require a high degree of cohesion and coherence. The research aims to describe the patterns of clause structure and interclausal syntactic relations used in these articles to understand how linguistic constructions influence argumentative strength. Employing a qualitative descriptive approach with the distributional method, the study relies on internal linguistic elements as analytical instruments. The findings show that the articles generally employ single clauses with S–P–Pelengkap patterns as well as complex clauses expressing causation, alongside syntactic relations that include coordination and subordination, including causal, contrastive, purposive, and additive relations. These patterns indicate consistent application of Indonesian syntactic rules, although some repetitive tendencies appear in the use of active clauses and multi-layered complex sentence structures. The study highlights the importance of mastering clause structure in constructing logical, persuasive argumentative texts, and the findings are expected to serve as a reference for writers and language institutions to improve academic writing quality and enrich linguistic studies in digital contexts.

This study examines the impact of personality and work engagement on Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB), with work motivation serving as a mediating variable, among inpatient nurses at South Jakarta Type B Hospital. OCB is crucial for enhancing organizational performance and service quality, especially in healthcare settings, where nurses' extra-role behaviors significantly contribute to patient care. The research utilized a quantitative approach with a survey design, involving 143 nurses from infection and critical inpatient wards. Data were collected through structured questionnaires and analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling–Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS). The results indicate that personality positively influences both work motivation and OCB. Work engagement also positively impacts work motivation and OCB. Additionally, work motivation significantly affects OCB and partially mediates the relationship between personality, work engagement, and OCB. These findings suggest that fostering nurses' work engagement and motivation, supported by positive personality traits, can enhance OCB, leading to better organizational performance and improved healthcare service quality.

Sugarcane cultivation often faces productivity losses due to poor sprouting and non-uniform initial growth. In bud-based nursery systems, seedling quality is heavily constrained by limited media volume and low buffering capacity. This study aimed to evaluate the synergistic effects of NPK fertilizer dosages and Gibberellic Acid (GA) concentrations on the growth and physiological vigor of sugarcane seedlings. The experiment was conducted using a Completely Randomized Design featuring nine treatment combinations with four replications. Parameters measured included plant height, stem diameter, the number of tillers, the number of leaves, and the chlorophyll index. The results demonstrated that the application of the NPK 150 kg ha⁻¹ + GA 50 ppm treatment significantly enhanced plant height, stem diameter, number of shoots, and the number of leaves compared to the control treatment. Statistical analysis revealed a significant interaction between nutrient availability and hormonal stimulation in overcoming the constraints of limited rooting environments. These findings suggest that precise integration of chemical fertilization and exogenous growth regulators is essential for producing high-quality planting material, potentially reducing losses in the subsequent planting cycle. In the future, it is necessary to confirm the use of a combination of NPK fertilizer with gibberellin during the vegetative period of plants so that the information obtained is comprehensive.

This study aims to analyze news texts on the online news portal IDN Times. In addition, the study aims to identify various syntactic errors in the news texts on the portal, including non-standard sentence structures, the use of loanwords, ambiguous sentences, inappropriate diction, and low word efficiency, thereby providing an overview of the language quality and presentation of information in the online media. This research employs a qualitative descriptive approach, with a syntactic framework as the theoretical foundation. The researcher obtained data by reading several relevant references and recording information that could be used as data. Therefore, the reading and note-taking technique was used in this study. The data in this study consisted of news texts from the online news portal IDN Times, edition 2025. The data analysis method employed is the distributional method. The researcher analyzed the texts by identifying sentences that did not conform to syntactic rules and assessed the suitability of the texts as proper and accurate news texts. The results revealed various syntactic errors, including errors in sentence structure, diction, punctuation, sentence effectiveness, loanword usage, and conjunction usage. How ever, the findings indicate that although some syntactic errors were found, the news texts on the portal generally have a relatively good and coherent structure. Therefore, the texts can provide valuable insights into language use in the context of online media and serve as sources of information for studying language quality and effective communication in digital news writing.

This study conceptually examines the influence of assurer type, assurance standards, and assurance level on the breadth of assurance statements in sustainability reports. Moving beyond prior literature that treats assurance as a binary variable (presence versus absence), this paper highlights disclosure breadth as a critical dimension of assurance quality and substance. Drawing on legitimacy theory and complemented by institutional theory, the study argues that the technical configuration of assurance shapes the quality of organizational legitimacy obtained by firms. Specifically, the type of assurer (public accounting firms versus non-accounting providers), the standards adopted (e.g., ISAE 3000 and/or AA1000AS), and the level of assurance (limited versus reasonable) influence the structure, systematic presentation, and comprehensiveness of assurance statements. Firms that engage reputable providers, apply globally institutionalized standards, and select reasonable assurance are more likely to issue broader and more detailed statements. In contrast, weaker institutional pressures may encourage symbolic assurance practices characterized by minimal disclosure. The study contributes theoretically by extending legitimacy theory to the technical dimensions of assurance and positioning disclosure breadth as a proxy for substantive legitimacy. Practically, it suggests that regulators and companies should emphasize transparency and comprehensiveness in assurance statements to enhance credibility and discourage symbolic sustainability reporting practices.

The development of digital technology in the 21st century has significantly influenced educational practices, including the teaching of history in schools. Conventional teaching methods often make history learning less engaging and limit students’ active participation. Therefore, innovative learning models based on digital technology are needed to improve the quality of history education and support the development of 21st-century skills such as critical thinking, creativity, communication, and collaboration. This study aims to examine the role of innovative digital technology-based learning models in history learning to enhance students’ 21st-century skills. The research uses a qualitative approach with a literature study method by analyzing various academic sources such as books, journal articles, and relevant research publications. The findings indicate that the integration of digital technology in innovative learning models can increase students’ engagement, improve their understanding of historical events, and encourage active learning through interactive media and digital resources. Furthermore, the use of digital technology enables students to access diverse historical sources and develop analytical and interpretative abilities. The study implies that the implementation of digital-based innovative learning models in history education can support more meaningful learning and contribute to the development of students’ competencies needed in the digital era.

This study analyzes and describes the multidimensional role of Catholic religious educators as a determining factor in innovating a conducive learning environment for academic achievement and the development of students' creativity. This study was conducted at SD Negeri 101856 Gunung Rintih, involving Catholic religious educators, homeroom teachers, students, and the principal as research subjects, using a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques included participant observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation collection. The findings of this study indicate that professional teachers who understand the essence of learning creativity have the strategic capacity to innovate a dynamic and inspiring learning environment through the implementation of their integrative roles as educators, teachers, mentors, creativity motivators, and counselors. The implementation of this role has been proven to foster a creative learning climate, as seen in increased active participation, courage to present ideas, frequency of questions, and willingness to take intellectual risks among students. The implication is that the integrative role of teachers is key to stimulating creativity and academic achievement. Therefore, to optimize and maintain these achievements, continuous professional development is needed to transform this positive dynamic into a culture of sustainable learning quality in the school environment.

The increasing public demand for delivery services has led to increasingly fierce competition between shipping companies. In this condition, service quality and price are the main factors that determine customer satisfaction. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of service quality and price on J&T Express customer satisfaction. The study was conducted at PT. Global Bintang Timur Ekspress from September to December 2025. The research design was quantitative statistics. Primary data were obtained through questionnaires distributed to 100 J&T Express customers via Gfrom. Data analysis included instrument quality testing, classical assumption testing, multiple linear regression, t-test, f-test, and coefficient of determination testing. Data processing was assisted by the SPSS version 26 program. The results showed that service quality (X1) partially influenced J&T Ekspress customer satisfaction (t count = 10.790 > t table 1.985 and a significance value of 0.000 < 0.05). Partially, price (X2) has a significant effect on J&T Express customer satisfaction (t count = 2.857 > t table 1.985 and a significance value of 0.005 < 0.05). Simultaneously, service quality and price have an effect on J&T Express customer satisfaction (F count = 218.755 > t table 3.09 and a significance value of 0.000 < 0.05). Companies can use these findings to improve services and pricing to increase customer loyalty.