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Legal protection for children is a very crucial aspect in efforts to ensure the fulfillment of human rights, especially for children. Children are immature people and must be protected as strictly as possible. The implementation of this legal protection still faces various challenges, including a lack of awareness among the public regarding their rights and also the existence of a culture that can sometimes conflict with the principles of human rights. This more integrated and sustainable effort from various parties, including the government and the general public, can protect a right that is carried out effectively. Education and public awareness regarding important things to protect children's rights, such as improving an environment that can develop and also the overall welfare of children.

The Correctional System has been able to change the prison system for the better by treating prisoners as subjects. This is where the human factor is more emphasised and prisoners are also increasingly valued. The Correctional System has been able to change the prison system for the better by treating prisoners as subjects. This is where the human factor is highlighted and prisoners are also increasingly valued. The hope is that after the prisoner leaves the correctional institution, the prisoner will not repeat the criminal act again or the prisoner has had a deterrent effect on the prisoner. The research used in this journal is normative legal research. Normative legal research is research that examines the laws and regulations that apply to a legal problem. Normative research with the object of study of legislative documents by studying and by examining library legal materials or can be called a study of legal science. Prisoners are people who are undergoing a period of punishment or punishment in the penitentiary, but however the prisoner is also a human being, so the human rights of prisoners must also be protected. Related to the provision of the rights of prisoners in the Provision of services to the rights of prisoners that have been in the Class II B Tanjung Pura Detention Centre including the revocation of conditional release, granting permission to leave the city, requests for medical recommendations given to prisoners, transfer at the request of their own legal counsel in the region or between regions, delegation of correctional client guidance, social rehabilitation for drug users, referral for further treatment outside the prison, legal consultation in the field of correctional services, legal aid facilities, conditional leave for general crimes and the assimilation of general crimes.

In general, the purpose of marriage is to fulfill human desires in order to create a happy household, in accordance with applicable regulations. However, today the marriage of minors has become an increasingly pointed issue in the context of law, humanity and the protection of human rights. Child marriages often involve one party who has not reached the age of majority, causing a wide and serious impact on the rights of children and society in general. This paper aims to examine more deeply how Indonesian law regulates the age limit of marriage and whether these rules are effective in preventing child marriage, as well as to describe the legal impact of child marriage and the role of the government in strengthening legal protection for victims of child marriage. The method used in this paper is a normative legal writing method using data collection techniques through document study activities on secondary data. The findings of this paper are that children involved in marriage often lack the ability to give free consent. In many cases, child marriage violates the fundamental rights of children in accordance with the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, Indonesian positive law and other international laws that protect children from exploitation, violence and discrimination. The state's responsibility is not only limited to enforcing laws and regulations that protect children from exploitation, violence and discrimination.

Protection of personal data is an embodiment of a guarantee of human rights, privacy and inviolability. The state has a full obligation to respect each other and respect the rights of every human being, as regulated in statutory regulations. Regulations regarding the protection of personal data owned by every human being, there is confusion and overlap due to the many regulations that have been established. The government, together with related officials, has formulated a draft law regarding the protection and supervision of the personal rights of every human being. This protection and supervision aims to cover the exception of personal data on the basis of a legitimate public interest, including law enforcement purposes. Arrangements that are carried out in a balance between the interests of law enforcement of a crime and the protection and supervision of the personal data of every human being, are expected to avoid actions that are carried out arbitrarily.

Basically, the term semiotics comes from the Greek word Semeion which means sign. The sign itself can be interpreted as something on the basis of a previously created social agreement that can be considered to represent something else. Previously, a sign could be interpreted as something that referred to the existence of another thing. Semiotic analysis here is an attempt to do something with the aim of feeling the presence or existence of something strange and foreign, something that we need to question more deeply when we observe the surrounding environment, read a text or certain narrative/discourse, observe the signs around us. We. Semiotics is also a scientific study which basically aims to understand and understand the existence of signs in human life. This can be interpreted as meaning that we must give everything that is in human life a meaning because we can see things related to human life as signs that have a meaning that has its own philosophical nature.    

The police apparatus is one of the law enforcement officers as a state instrument that plays a role in maintaining public security and order, as well as providing protection, protection and services to the community. However, the facts in the field say, there are still many violations of the principles of the rule of law in the realm of criminal procedure law, one of which is violence committed by law enforcement officials in the realm of investigation. The purpose of this writing is to find out how legal protection is given to victims of violence in investigations and to find out how the role of law enforcement officials should be in interpreting authority and power. The research method used by the author is normative legal research using data collection techniques through document study activities on secondary data. The results obtained from this writing are that suspects who experience violence in the investigation can make legal efforts through their family or legal counsel in accordance with what is regulated in Article 77 of the Criminal Procedure Code. In addition, in the context of accountability, law enforcement officials must be prepared to account for their actions and decisions to interested parties, including the community at large.

Protection and supervision of the law from the perspective of human rights is something that must be realized in the justice and welfare of every individual. The existence of legal protection for this right aims to refer to a mechanism and procedure that has been provided by the state to ensure that this right can be respected and monitored. Supervision of the law, if seen on the other hand, includes several efforts to ensure that the law can be implemented as fairly as possible, without discrimination or abuse. This right to humans has the aim of protecting the dignity possessed by every human being, this right can guarantee that every person needs to be respected and their nature cannot be contested.

The position of humans in the eyes of God is considered equal, but often it is humans themselves who create differences in treatment towards fellow humans. This differential treatment is particularly felt by individuals with physical, mental, or intellectual limitations, known as people with disabilities. Disability is defined as a condition in which someone experiences long-term physical, intellectual, mental, and/or sensory limitations, resulting in obstacles and difficulties in social interaction. This article discusses the challenges and opportunities faced by people with disabilities in the workplace, as well as the government's role in creating inclusive employment opportunities and laws that protect their rights in the workplace. Despite the existence of many laws regulating this matter, people with disabilities often still face discrimination in the workplace. The method used in writing this article is through literature review, involving understanding and learning theories relevant to the topic.

Freedom of religion is still very low in Indonesia. This clearly violates human rights stipulated in Article 22 of Human Rights Law Number 39 of 1999. This research aims to show why violations of freedom of religion continue to occur or discriminatory and intolerant behavior that is often anarchic. This research uses normative juridical with qualitative approach, which means collecting and using information relevant to the research subject. For this research, the nature is descriptive analysis. Secondary data is the data source. The fact that discrimination cases continue to occur shows that the Indonesian government must make improvements and evaluations in the law enforcement sector and government apparatus, as well as provide guidance to the community.

The spiritual and physical care of prisoners is very influential in life, starting from religious life and health. This formation means that all efforts are made to raise awareness and always maintain regularly the existence of religious and health values, with the aim that human behavior always remains within the norm. -good norms. The aim of this research is to find out the implementation of spiritual and physical care for prisoners at the Class IIB Tanjung Pura Narcotics Correctional Institution, the obstacles in implementing spiritual and physical care for prisoners at the Class IIB Tanjung Pura Detention Center and the efforts of the Class IIB Tanjung Pura Detention Center to overcome obstacles in the implementation of spiritual and physical care for prisoners. This research is included in descriptive research with the type of Normative juridical research using qualitative analysis methods. From the results of the research, the Class IIB Tanjung Pura Detention Center fulfills the rights of inmates in the form of providing spiritual care for inmates in the form of religious formation activities and the implementation of worship, while the implementation of physical care in the form of maintaining body fitness through morning exercise, sports, channeling hobbies through art. , recreation with family visits as well as support in providing proper and adequate nutrition and health care. The obstacles experienced by the Class IIB Tanjung Pura Detention Center in fulfilling the right to spiritual and physical care include the limited budget of the Class IIB Tanjung Pura Detention Center, human resources in terms of quality and quantity, and the facilities at the Class IIB Tanjung Pura Detention Center are inadequate. The efforts of the Class IIB Tanjung Pura Detention Center to overcome obstacles in implementing spiritual and physical care for prisoners include maximizing the use of the budget of the Class IIB Tanjung Pura Detention Center, providing training and using the services of lecturers, maximizing the facilities of the Class IIB Tanjung Pura Detention Center.

The social issue in giving to prisoners who have committed criminal acts of narcotics abuse is the prisoner's right to receive a reduced sentence if they have good behavior while undergoing training. In principle, remission is to create a correctional system that leads to the process of rehabilitation and resocialization of prisoners. The correctional system which started from prison then turned into a correctional system. Penitentiary institutions are no longer a place for revenge, but are a place for convict development.The nature of the research used is normative legal research and the data collection method used in this research is secondary data obtained through library research, namely by conducting research on various literature such as books, laws, with the aim of to look for concepts, or understandings related to the problem of Prison Criminal Efficiency in Changing Prisoner Behavior (Study at Class III Langkat Youth Correctional Institution. A convict is a person who is serving a sentence for a criminal offense or a convict who is serving his sentence in a correctional institution where some of his freedom has been lost. Whereas the regulations regarding remissions start from Government Regulation No. 32 of 1999, the conditions for granting remissions, one of which is for narcotics convicts, are the conditions for granting remissions so that their implementation reflects the values ​​of justice.The mechanism for the process of granting remissions for narcotics crimes in Narcotics Correctional Institutions is that the stages of granting remissions are carried out by submitting an application for remission to the Minister of Law and Human Rights. Then the Head of Prisons makes an assessment with the correctional assessment team of the prisoner. The Head of Prisons and the Correctional Observer Team then held a hearing to discuss the request for remission accompanied by supporting data.

The granting of the rights of prisoners to the treatment of fellow prisoners in Class I Medan detention centres on the type of punishment that can be imposed on the perpetrators of criminal offences of prisoners in Class I Medan detention centres who commit criminal offences of narcotics abuse is the right of prisoners to get a reduction in punishment if during the guidance they behave well. The nature of the research used is normative legal research and the data collection method used in this research is secondary data obtained through library research, namely by conducting research on various literatures such as books, laws, which aim to find conceptions, or notions related to the problem of Granting Rights to Prisoners Against Treatment of Fellow Prisoners in Medan Class I Detention Centre. The granting of the rights of prisoners to the treatment of fellow prisoners at the Medan Class I Detention Centre can be interpreted as a place where humans who violate the rules and norms that exist in society are gathered. While the principle adopted by correctional institutions is to position prisoners as subjects who are seen as individuals, ordinary citizens, and as creatures of God. Based on this, in the detention centre inmates receive guidance and coaching with the hope that after completing their sentence, inmates can socialise with the community and improve their skills to be able to live independently in the community.

Developments in the realm of health law develop in line with advances in health science. Currently, health law has become a very important element in dealing with various legal problems and issues in the health sector. On the other hand, with the development of increasingly sophisticated technology, the issue of traditional medicine has received less attention. However, in the context of efforts to fulfill the right to health in Indonesia, traditional medicine should be an alternative that is important to pay attention to. This is supported by Indonesia's natural conditions which have rich biodiversity, including various plant species that have the potential to be used as raw materials for traditional medicine. Thus, legal protection of traditional medicines from the perspective of health law and intellectual property law becomes very important. The research method used in this research is a normative research method which is conceptualized in legislation or conceptualized as norms or rules that serve as the basis for human behavior. The aim of this research is to analyze the legal protection of traditional medicines from the perspective of health law and intellectual property law in Indonesia. The results of this research concluded that related to traditional medicine, Law no. 17 of 2023 does not explicitly mention it as a traditional medicine. However, the definition of traditional medicine is equated with the term "Natural Medicine." In Article 321 paragraph (1), natural medicines are divided into several categories, including herbal medicines, standardized herbal medicines, phytopharmaca, and other natural medicines. Legal protection for traditional medicines or natural medicines is regulated in Articles 324-325 of Law no. 17 of 2023 concerning Health. On the other hand, in the context of Intellectual Property Rights (IPR), legal protection for traditional medicines is included in the patent system, as regulated in Article 26 of Law Number 13 of 2016 concerning Patents.

The author believes that the implementation of human rights education in basic education is an important part of basic education. The aim of this research is to explore how human rights education is implemented in basic education. The method used is descriptive qualitative and uses literature studies. The research results show that implementing human rights education in elementary schools is one way to educate children about human rights from an early age. It was also found that the implementation of human rights education in elementary schools is an effort to provide information to children about human rights from an early age.

This correlation with the rights possessed by every human being cannot be separated, because this is something that is very inherent among them. Historical colonization has resulted in a fundamental economic, social and cultural oppression that humans have. For example, the practice of colonialism, which often involves political oppression such as the persecution of political activists. The economic exploitation that occurred under this colonial regime often resulted in social oppression, including exploitation of workers, injustice in the distribution of resources, and widespread poverty. Apart from that, colonialism also often causes racial and cultural discrimination, as well as the destruction of original cultural identity. By protecting and monitoring the rights of humans, this is often one of the main arguments in opposing and ending forms of oppression such as colonialization. The influence of colonialization on human rights is a very complex and very important matter in global history and politics. Colonial countries often implemented regulations that prohibited political participation and suppressed national independence movements or political activists who opposed colonial rule. Colonization can often lead to economic exploitation which can violate workers' rights, such as forced labor, low wages, and injustice in the distribution of economic resources. Colonial policies can often destroy native culture and also impose colonial culture on populations that have been dominated.

his study examines the business development of seaweed in Indonesia during the period of 2019-2024 through a comprehensive literature review. Findings indicate substantial growth in the seaweed industry during this period, with promising increases in production and exports contributing significantly to the national economy. However, challenges such as production issues, global competition, and regulatory obstacles are also identified. Strategic measures are needed to optimize the potential of this industry, including improving production quality, market expansion, government collaboration, and human resource development. Close cooperation with relevant stakeholders, including the government and academic institutions, can strengthen the seaweed industry. Supportive policies, investment in research and development, and training programs to enhance workforce skills are key to overcoming the challenges faced by this sector. The findings of this study are expected to provide valuable insights for stakeholders in the seaweed industry and make a meaningful contribution to academic literature on this topic. With the right steps, the seaweed industry in Indonesia has the potential to continue growing sustainably and significantly benefit economic growth and societal welfare.

The aim of this research is to determine the equality of men and women in the context of receiving salvation based on Galatians 3:26-29 with relevance for today's church. The research method in writing this scientific work is a qualitative method, namely a descriptive approach. This method is used by the author to find useful materials in accordance with the research objectives. In this research, equality between men and women will be explored in the context of receiving salvation and its relevance for the church today. The result of the exegesis of Galatians 3:26-29 is how humans view the equality of men and women in the context of receiving salvation and its relevance for the church today. As is known, Christians always emphasize that humans, both men and women, have equality in receiving salvation through His Gospel or His Word, namely the Faith and Trust of His people. In this case, it also really depends on the theological interpretation of each church sect, because some sects may emphasize a personal relationship with God as the main way to receive salvation, while there are several church sects that emphasize the role of the church as a community of faith that facilitates spiritual growth and receiving the gift of salvation. Salvation (grace) from God is universal (general). God's action in Jesus Christ has effectively eliminated differences according to Gal. 3:26-29. The good news of salvation is that there is no longer such a thing as a select group, those who hope to receive the benefits of Jesus' Messiahship should be part of every believing people. Salvation in the context of Galatians 3 is through God's promises to His people who believe. Apart from that, the concept of salvation is a primary doctrine that becomes a dogmatic guide for God's church. The church must also see and emulate the equality of men and women in the context of receiving salvation. God emphasizes that all mankind should not do things that God does not want. He hopes that those who come with Him are those who truly believe in their faith. Salvation is given to humans as a form of His goodness to His people who believe through Faith and Actions that are always loyal to Him. Salvation is Grace, meaning that there is only one way to obtain salvation, namely through Jesus Christ. He said, “I am the way and the truth and the life. No one comes to the Father except through Me.” And if you belong to Christ, then you are also Abraham's descendants and have the right to receive God's promises (Gal. 3:29).    

The rights of prisoners as Indonesian citizens who have lost their independence due to committing a criminal offence, must be carried out in accordance with human rights. One of the rights of prisoners is to get a reduction in the period of punishment (remission) which is regulated in the legislation. Remission in the implementation system of imprisonment, especially concerning coaching issues, is recognised and protected by law. This study aims to determine the legal basis for granting remission to prisoners, to determine the implementation of granting remission to prisoners in the Class II A Langkat Narcotics Penitentiary and to determine the obstacles and solutions in the implementation of granting remission to prisoners in the Class II A Langkat Narcotics Penitentiary. The research method used in this research is descriptive with the type of empirical legal research or field research and qualitative data analysis. The legal basis for granting remission for prisoners is regulated in Law Number 22 of 2022 concerning Corrections and several implementing regulations. In these regulations, remission for prisoners can be given to prisoners who meet certain conditions. The stages of granting remission by submitting an application accompanied by evidence that he meets the requirements, the correctional institution will verify and evaluate the application, after the verification and evaluation process is complete, the correctional institution will make a decision on whether the inmate is entitled or not to receive remission.  The rules for obtaining remission in Indonesia should be tightened and reinforced in accordance with the applicable law without any misappropriation and intensive socialisation, training for officers, effective cooperation with authorities such as the police, prosecutors and judges and the information provided about the procedures for granting remission is correct and precise.

In the context of the phenomenon of the beating of students such as that of Yaredi Ndruru by the Principal of SMKN 1 Siduaori-South Nias, the study of human philosophy plays an important role in unraveling the background, causes and implications of such actions. This phenomenon reflects the complex relationship between individuals, power and social norms in the context of education. Human philosophy analysis encourages us to question the essence of humanity, ethics and moral responsibility held by individuals, especially those with power such as a principal. Battering as a physical act raises questions about the limits of power and human rights, and highlights inequalities in teacher-student relationships. Furthermore, it considers the psychological and emotional impact on victims of beatings as well as the long-term consequences on students' self-confidence and motivation to learn. Philosophical considerations also question whether such actions are a result of the education system's failure to promote values such as empathy, respect and dialogue as means of conflict resolution. Thus, analyzing the phenomenon of the beating of student Yaredi Ndruru by the Principal of SMKN 1 Siduaori-South Nias from the perspective of human philosophy opens up space for deep reflection on human values in the context of education as well as the urgency of protecting individual rights in the school setting.

Law is a guide for people in living their lives so that they are directed and avoid negative behavior. Freedom of expression, including criticism of the government, is often considered an insulting act that can result in legal action. This research aims to determine the limits of the criminal provisions for insulting the President and Vice President in the reform of criminal law (Law number 1 of 2023 concerning the Criminal Code) in Indonesia as well as analyze the provisions regarding insulting the President and Vice President who have the potential to threaten press freedom. The method used in this research is normative law, namely examining aspects of legal policy through studying the documents of Law number 1 of 2023 concerning the Criminal Code. The results of this research show that criminal law regulations regarding insulting authorities and state/government institutions, especially the President and Vice President, have developed over time. Constitutional Court (MK) decisions have an important role in establishing clear boundaries regarding expression and criticism of authorities and state/government institutions. Criticism of the performance of executive agencies can be a means of increasing government transparency and accountability. However, regulations governing insults against authorities and state/government institutions must pay attention to democratic principles and human rights.