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The aim of this literature study is to conclude that the use of fly ash as a replacement material for most of the functions of cement in concrete mixes meets the standards for using concrete mixes as environmentally friendly building construction materials in the context of sustainable development, reducing the risk of the greenhouse effect caused by carbon dioxide. The conclusion is that Fly ash, as waste from burning coal for power plants, can be used as a substitute for most of the functions of Portland cement, so that the waste material becomes an economic value and an effort to save the environment. And the mechanism for using HVFA-SCC concrete provides a work productivity solution in the construction sector in reducing the use of labor more efficiently and economically, as well as reducing the use of a large proportion of cement in the concrete composition. Fly ash contains physical and chemical elements with an equivalent composition that is similar to Portland cement. The softness of the fly ash grains is beneficial for filling empty spaces, making the concrete denser and more compact. The equivalent physical and chemical properties mean that fly ash can replace Portland cement.

This study aims to describe the implementation of differentiation learning as an effort to strengthen the Pancasila Student Profile in the independent curriculum. This research is qualitative description research using library research methods. Using data analysis techniques in the form of reading and recording techniques. The results of this study show that the differentiated approach consists of three aspects, namely content differentiation, process differentiation, and product differentiation. 1) Content differentiation includes what students learn. In this regard, teachers modify the curriculum and teaching materials based on the learning styles and disability proceedings possessed by students. The content of the curriculum is adjusted to the circumstances and abilities of the students. 2) Process differentiation is the way students process and process ideas and information. How students interact with the material and how that interaction becomes a part that then determines student learning choices. Due to the many learning styles and differences in learning style choices presented by students, the class must be modified to accommodate different learning needs. 3) Product differentiation is how students demonstrate what they have learned. Learning products allow teachers to assess what material has been mastered by students and then present the next material. Student learning styles can also determine what student learning outcomes will be shown to the teacher.

Digital marketing has had a long-term impact and made a game changer in the business world. The use of social media has been growing since 2020—the phenomenon of decreasing the number of followers harms sales. Seller is conscious about improving and maintaining their followers on social media to keep running the business well. Purpose to find out the extent of the participation of Instagram social media as a promotional medium to increase the marketing of culinary business products on @siomayjodoh's Instagram accounts. This study used a descriptive qualitative method. Data collection techniques are carried out by observation, interview, and documentation. Data triangulation methods were used to analyze in this study through data reduction, data presentation, drawing, and conclusion. The results showed the use of Instagram social media as an attractive promotional medium with various features that can be used to support the increase in culinary business products in online marketing. This research only collected data on MSME's “Siomay Jodoh" Instagram from 2022 until 2024 as data collection. MSMEs “Siomay Jodoh” is a local business in Cirebon, and there's no previous research about the MSMEs “Siomay Jodoh”.

In the midst of rapid industrial progress and global economic growth, the use of plastic has increased dramatically, causing serious environmental problems due to the accumulation of plastic waste. One of the most worrying aspects of this problem is the presence of microplastics, namely plastic particles less than five millimeters in size. The more accumulation of plastic waste found in the waters will cause damage to the surrounding water and sea environment, plastic waste that is not collected will be exposed to sunlight and exposure to air, the longer it will decompose into small particles called microplastics. In this research, the author researched using the library research method, namely by collecting and studying existing literature from various sources such as: journals, articles, books and others related to this research. Microplastics have spread widely in the environment, from oceans to land, and have had a serious impact on organisms and ecosystems throughout the world. The process by which microplastics are formed, their distribution in the environment, their impact on aquatic and terrestrial organisms, and their potential impact on human health are the main focus research and public attention. To overcome the microplastic problem, a holistic approach is needed that involves collaboration across sectors and scientific disciplines. Handling and mitigation efforts must cover various aspects, starting from regulating the use of single-use plastics, more effective management of plastic waste, developing technology for detecting and eliminating microplastics, to educating the public about the dangers of microplastics and the importance of environmentally friendly behavior. Concrete steps such as banning the use of single-use plastics, promoting recycling, innovation in product design, and cross-border cooperation in managing plastic waste are key in efforts to reduce the negative impact of microplastics. Only by taking these steps together can we create a cleaner, healthier and more sustainable environment for future generations.

This study conducted a trial of B-30 products stored in miniature storage tanks outdoors to produce B-30 offspec products. Tests were also carried out on offspec B-30 products blended with new biosolar products. The research focused on the analysis of water content and Total Acid Number (TAN) using tools and materials that have been determined. The test results showed that biosolar products stored for two weeks in open space had an increase in moisture content and TAN value. An increase in water content is due to condensation during prolonged storage, while an increase in the TAN value indicates damage to the product. The addition of new biosolar in biosolar offspec aims to improve the quality of BioSolar damaged by storage. This study is relevant to understand the impact of storage on biosolar quality and improvement strategies that can be done.  

The church is a fellowship of saints, called by God to fulfill His mission of teaching sound doctrine to believers in accordance with the Bible. Christian education (PAK) is one of the teaching tasks in the church. This must be done continuously to meet the needs of the faithful. To remain relevant, the church must develop by considering the influence of modern developments that befall the church. In addition, the congregation has shown changes in behavior and lifestyle that are always up-to-date. In addition, the church also encounters teachings that deviate from the Bible and the correct theological foundation. In the development of PAK, the church cannot be separated from theology which is the content of PAK itself. The teaching practiced in the church focuses on God and His work. To understand this, a theology is needed that makes it easy to explain what God's will is for His people. By making theology the basis for the development of biblical PAK, the church grows into a productive congregation that produces more mature congregations who can live out their faith in their daily lives. This article is written using a qualitative descriptive method through literature research. The conclusion of this article is that the church must understand that PAK is a very important mission of the church and needs to be further developed. PAK is part of the church's theological work, so the church must develop PAK based on theology, and theology becomes the basis for the development of PAK in the church.

Made Village in Surabaya City has diverse economic potential, especially in the Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME) sector. This potential includes local products, handicrafts, traditional food, and tourism. MSMEs in Made Village include the processing of sengon nuts and soy milk. However, there are opportunities to develop these MSMEs through appropriate strengthening strategies. Strengthening MSMEs in Made Village through approaches such as skills training, increasing market access through digital platforms, developing collaboration networks, and implementing information technology can be strategic steps to increase the competitiveness and growth of MSMEs. This research uses a qualitative descriptive method. The author uses secondary research data sources to support research obtained from print and electronic media. Secondary data is a previously existing data source, obtained by researchers indirectly through intermediary media. With diverse economic potential, especially in the Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME) sector. From the author's short interview with MSME partners, sengon bean and soy milk entrepreneurs. Strategy efforts to strengthen MSMEs in Made Village, Surabaya City start from ensuring the quality of the products or services offered remains superior, to maintaining good relationships with customers. This also includes monitoring the market and being flexible to changing trends and consumer needs. What is no less important is paying attention to operational efficiency and managing finances wisely to maintain the financial health of entrepreneurs. Strategic efforts are needed to strengthen such as developing local partnerships, community empowerment, promotion and marketing, product diversification and access to financing. Apart from that, the government needs to make efforts to support MSMEs through Article 97 of the Job Creation Law. The government allocates funds to the community to help MSMEs to operate and reach the market. thus providing positive implications for entrepreneurs (MSMEs) and local residents. Advice from researchers for MSME business actors to innovate more creatively and keep up with current developments by utilizing the latest technology, and also involving local residents to participate in improving the local economy.

The Ministry of Trade's decision making regarding the types of goods that are allowed to enter the country is based on consideration of several threats that have the potential to harm the nation. Three types of goods that are not allowed to enter the country based on Minister of Trade Regulation (Permendag) No. 40 of 2022 include used sacks, used bags and used clothes. The types of goods mentioned in the Minister of Trade Regulation (Permendag) are considered to cause many problems in various sectors of life including economic, social and environmental problems. This research uses the literature review method as an approach to explore and analyze phenomena related to the policy of banning used clothing imports. The research was carried out by searching scientific journals, articles, research reports and other related documents that discuss the consumption of used clothes, its impact and the policies taken by the government in responding to this phenomenon. This decision making is a rational action carried out by the government based on logical thinking and considerations. This prohibition was carried out because of the increase in textile waste in the country, obstruction of the market for Indonesian products and loss of state income which, if left unchecked without regulations, could result in disparities in various sectors of life.

In the era of increasingly rapid globalization, the industrial world is faced with inevitable dynamics. One important aspect in industry is optimal layout planning. The right layout determines the effective placement of production facilities, thereby smoothing the production process and increasing productivity. The current layout of production facilities at Bebeke Om Aris Dramaga is not optimal, causing production inefficiencies and increased costs. This research aims to redesign the layout of facilities at Bebeke Om Aris Dramaga. This research examines the design of alternative layouts at Bebeke Om Aris Dramaga with the aim of increasing productivity. The methods used are Activity Relationship Chart (ARC) and Total Closeness Rating (TCR). Production location calculations are carried out periodically to obtain accurate information. The research results show that the proposed layout has shorter distances between facilities. Apart from that, the resulting service time is more optimal. This change in store layout shows that the new layout is more effective and efficient than the old layout. This is proven by research results which show that the new layout design can reduce the time spent by employees in the production process and service to customers and the distance between facilities and increase the efficiency of employee movement.

With the rapid development of Internet technology, many companies are now using the Internet as a major platform in their marketing strategy of skincare products, mainly through social media. The research aims to explore the factors that influence the intention of buying skincare products on the TikTok platform by considering the role of brand image as a moderation variable. The research method uses descriptive causality with a quantitative approach, and uses purposive sampling techniques. Primary data obtained from 267 respondents active TikTok users who were interested in skincare products and collected through online questionnaires. Data analysis is done using Structural Equation Modelling-Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS). Research findings show that social media marketing activities, online customer reviews, influencer endorsement, brand image can improve purchase intention, while price consciousness does not affect the purchase intent of skincare products on Tiktok platform. Implications, skincare manufacturers and marketers should pay attention to branding strategies on TikTok's platform to boost purchasing intentions. Further research is suggested to explore other factors that can influence the intention of buying skincare products in the digital age.

This research discusses the Analysis of Sharia Marketing Strategy for Gold Pawn Products (Rahn) at Sharia Pawnshops. Studies at the Pawnshop Sharia Service Unit Simpang Mayang Jambi. The aim of this research is to describe how marketing is carried out at Pegdaian Syariah Simpang Mayang, Jambi City, seen from the Sharia Marketing Indicators and what the obstacles are in marketing its products, especially Gadai Syariah (Rahn) products. This research is field research using descriptive qualitative methods. Data collection involves observation, interviews and documentation. Test the validity of this research using triangulation techniques. The subjects in this research were employees or marketers of Pegadaian Syariah Simpang Mayang, Jambi City and customers, with three employee informants and three customer informants. The results of this research indicate that marketers at the Simpang Mayang Syariah Pegadaian, Jambi City do not fully meet the characteristics of a sharia marketer. It can be seen from the Four Sharia Marketing Indicators that have not been fully implemented. There are 4 Marketing Indicators in Sharia Marketing. Of the 4 (Four) marketing indicators, only Ethical (akhlaqiyah) and Realistic (al-waqi'iyyah) have been fully implemented, while Theistic (rabbaniyah) and Humanistic (al-insaniyyah) have not been fully implemented. . There are obstacles for the Sharia Pawnshop Unit Simpang Mayang Jambi City in marketing its products, especially Sharia Pawnshop (Rahn) products. Such as trust from customers, the double duty of each employee and competition from other financial institutions.

This study aims to describe the validity of climate change teaching materials based on science literacy and curiosity character of junior high school students. The research method used is research and development (R&D) through the modified four-D (4 D) model. This modul development procedure includes three stages, whisch are define, design and develop. The subjects of this research and development include 5 expert validators. The type of data obtained is quantitative data in the formdof product validation questionnaire scores. The results of research and development of junior high school science teaching materials based on science literacy and characterised by curiosity on the topic of climate change by expert validators obtained validity results with a total of 0.90 with valid criteria. This is reviewed from three aspects: (1) content feasibility scored 0.90 with valid criteria, (2) presentation feasibility aspect scored 0.88 with valid criteria, (3) linguistic feasibility aspect scored 0.92 with valid criteria. So it can be concluded from all the validity tests that the teaching materials developed are classified as valid criteria.

This research aims to produce compatibility between the policies of Abon Surya with the Economic Order Quantity raw material control method, namely the purchase quantity of the Abon Surya policy has an average purchase of 770 kg, for the frequency of purchasing raw materials for jack beans 5 times, for security and point supplies. There is no reordering policy with a total inventory cost of IDR 251,640. Meanwhile, the EOQ method has an average purchase of 1,313 kg. the purchase frequency is only 3 purchases, the security inventory is 90 Kg and the number of reorders is 204 Kg with a total cost of inventory required of IDR 173,254. The cost difference between Abon Surya and the EOQ method is IDR 78,386,417. This shows that there is a saving or reduction in the total cost of inventory needed if Abon Surya can implement the EOQ raw material control method. Apart from that, the packaging used at UMKM Surya Abon for shredded products still uses transparent plastic with stickers, which is less attractive to buyers. Therefore, a new design is needed to attract more buyers.

Roads in Manokwari City still need a lot to be improved, especially on the Pegaf city boundary road - South Manokwari district, because this road connects the border between the City and the district.... This study aims to calculate the productivity of heavy equipment working on road improvement work, Analyzing the balance of road improvement work tools and knowing the total cost and time required in road improvement projects. So that this research is expected to be useful for optimizing the performance of road sections and being able to provide solutions to problems that occur and can provide an overview of the process of using heavy equipment that is effective and efficient. Productivity is the ability to produce something, so it can be said that heavy equipment productivity is the ability of heavy equipment to produce something per unit of time. In general, heavy equipment work production has the same calculation principles. The basic principles of calculating heavy equipment work production are 4 steps, namely calculating actual capacity, cycle time, calculating gross work production (PKK) and calculating actual work production (PKA). So it can be concluded that the productivity of ordinary embankment excavator 173.68m3 / hour, dump truck 10 tons of ordinary embankment 45.58m3 / hour, optional embankment 36.3m3 / hour, asphalt foundation layer (HRS Base) 7.91m3 / hour, Dump truck 4 tons of Class A aggregate layer 4.02m3 / hour, Class B aggregate layer 4.06m3/hour, motor grader 315m2/hour regular embankment, 174.30 m3/hour optional embankment, 561m2/hour pavement preparation, Class A aggregate layer 274.63m3/hour, Class B aggregate layer 274.63m3/hour, vibratory roller regular embankment 159.36 m3/hour, class A aggregate layer 77.02m3/hour, class B aggregate layer 77.02m3/hour asphalt distributor binder layer 4980 liters, air compressor binder work 1365.35 liters, asphalt finisher asphalt foundation layer (HRS Base) 69.85 tons, tandem roller regular embankment 39.84m3/hour, preparation of the road body 272.98m3 / hour, paving 86.59m3 / hour, wheel loader preferred embankment 117.58m3 / hour, class A aggregate layer 114.98m3 / hour, class B aggregate layer 116.53m3 / hour and tire roller paving 104.06 tons and the total cost of all equipment rental is Rp. 254,091,569.

Management is a process of resources owned by a company to achieve the desired goals. According to Henry Fayol, this management has a good fuction if it applies five management functions, namely planning, organizing, directing, controlling and evaluating. Based on the facts in the field obtained from an observation, there are several problems in the implementation of production management, namely the directing function and controlling function have not been running well. This research was carried out in several Home Industries, namely Bu Khollifah Usaha, whose address is Jl. Kedung Rahmat RT. 017/ RW. 005, Krajan Hamlet, Sepande Village, Candi District, Sidoarjo Regency, Home Industry Pak Jamali Usaha, whose address is Jl. Raya Nyamplung RT. 025/ RW. 010, Sumokali Hamlet, Nyamplung Village, Candi District, Sidoarjo Regency, Home Industry Pak Ulil Usaha, whose address is Jl. Sidodadi RT. 015/ RW. 020, Sudio Hamlet, Sidodadi Village, Candi District, Sidolarjo Regency. The research method used is descriptive qualitative, namely examining the reality that occurs in the research field. In this series of research activities, descriptive data is produced in the form of written words. Based on the research results, the application of production management for the Tempe Khollifah home industry has implemented five management functions in accordance with Henry Fayol's theory. However, the implementation of production management has not run optimally because the direction and control sections have not been carried out well.  

The provision of public services to the community is one of the most important tasks of government. In order to fulfill the needs and interests of the community, public services are provided by the government, private parties acting on behalf of the government, or private parties directly to the community, whether financed or unfinanced. Strategic roles and functions in the field of implementing integrated licensing services in Surabaya City are carried out by the Surabaya City Investment and One-Stop Integrated Service Office (DPMPTSP). This office was formed based on Surabaya Mayor Regulation Number 084 of 2021 concerning the Position, Organizational Structure, Job Description, and Functions and Work Procedures of the Investment and One-Stop Integrated Service Office of Surabaya City. The program carried out by these students aims to increase productivity and efficiency in public services. With this, the expected results are good in terms of productivity, effectiveness and efficiency.

Awareness of Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) has been recognized as a key factor in the success of companies in managing risks and improving productivity. This research investigates best practices to enhance OSH awareness in the workplace and its impact on company performance. Literature review identifies that comprehensive training programs, promotion of safety culture by management, active participation of employees in OSH-related decision-making, and implementation of incentive and reward systems are effective strategies to enhance OSH awareness. These practices provide employees with a deep understanding of potential workplace risks and the importance of safe behavior. Furthermore, the promotion of safety culture by management creates a work environment where safety is prioritized. Active employee participation in OSH decision-making strengthens a positive safety culture, while the implementation of incentive systems provides additional motivation for employees to adopt safe behaviors. By implementing these strategies in combination, companies can create a safer, healthier, and more productive work environment. This research provides valuable insights for stakeholders in developing effective OSH programs and improving overall company performance.

The city of Bandung is developing into a business center that has advantages in several fields, especially in the field of culinary tourism, which is part of the local identity and is growing rapidly. The purpose of this research is to see the potential of street food in Lengkong to increase the interest of culinary tourism in the city of Bandung. This research method is quantitative and phenomenological through field studies and using the internet as one of the means we use to get information about street food places in Lengkong as our analysis material. This study found that Lengkong street food culinary products can improve the economy of Bandung city traders quickly, because many food vloggers review various types of food in Lengkong so that many domestic and foreign tourists are curious about one of the street foods in the city of Bandung. Social media also plays an important role as a development or form of promotion to increase more tourists and advance local SMEs within the scope of the Lengkong area and develop interest in culinary tourism in the city of Bandung.

This research investigates the implementation of Customer Relationship Management (CRM) in the Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME) and startup sectors. Through a qualitative approach, data was collected from a number of MSMEs and startups to analyze the factors that influence the adoption and success of CRM implementation. The findings show that limited resources, lack of knowledge about the benefits of CRM, and dependence on technological infrastructure are the main challenges in adopting CRM systems. However, CRM has also been found to have great potential in increasing customer retention, developing more suitable products, and expanding into new markets. Practical implications of these findings include recommendations for appropriate resource allocation, employee training, and more effective digital marketing strategies. The contribution of this research lies in a deeper understanding of CRM implementation in the context of MSMEs and startups as well as practical guidance for improving business performance through effective CRM strategies.

Technological developments have changed consumer behavior from shopping through offline stores to online stores or online shopping. These changes affect consumer purchasing decisions when buying a product. This makes the study of e-commerce an interesting subject of study in today's world. The purpose of this study is to hopefully provide an overview of current online customer behavior and can be used to determine online marketing strategies. The population in this study were 234 people who were students of FISIP UMJ Class of 2020 & 2021. The sampling technique used Simple Random Sampling with a total of 67 samples. The data obtained was then analyzed by multiple linear regression analysis using IBM SPSS.25 software. Based on the results of statistical testing, it shows that the Online Customer Review variable has a tcount value of 10.612> 1.997 and a significant value of 0.000 <0.05 and Online Customer Rating has a tcount value of 6.997> 1.997 and a significant value of 0.000 <0.05 so that Ho is rejected Ha is accepted, it can be concluded that Online Customer Review and Online Customer Rating have a positive and significant influence on Purchasing Decisions. The influence of Online Customer Rating on Purchasing Decisions.