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Obstetric emergencies are a major cause of maternal mortality, most of which can be prevented through prompt and appropriate treatment. Midwives, as health workers assigned to the Emergency Department (ED) of PONEK, play a strategic role in early detection and initial management of obstetric emergencies, thus their knowledge level is an important factor in determining preparedness for treatment. This study aims to analyze the relationship between midwives' knowledge level regarding obstetric emergency management and their preparedness for handling obstetric emergencies in the Emergency Department (ED) of PONEK of Muara Teweh Regional Hospital. This study used an observational analytical design with a cross-sectional approach. The study sample consisted of 28 midwives selected using a total sampling technique. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire to measure their knowledge level and preparedness for handling obstetric emergencies. Data analysis was performed descriptively and inferentially using the Fisher's Exact Test. The results showed that more than half of the midwives had a good level of knowledge and preparedness for handling obstetric emergencies. Inferential analysis showed a highly significant relationship between midwives' knowledge level and their preparedness for obstetric emergencies (p < 0.001). It was concluded that midwives' knowledge level was closely related to their preparedness for obstetric emergencies in the PONEK Emergency Department of Muara Teweh Regional Hospital. This finding underscores the importance of strengthening midwives' knowledge through ongoing training, clinical simulations, and routine supervision to improve clinical preparedness and ensure the safety of mothers and babies in emergency obstetric care.

This research aims to investigate the relationship between conflict management strategies and team performance in the Khas Hotel industry. Against the backdrop of the unique team dynamics and potential for conflict in the hospitality environment, this research focuses on deeper understanding to improve the effectiveness of conflict management and team performance. The research method used is a mixed approach, combining quantitative and qualitative analysis. Through surveys and interviews with hotel managers and staff, data was collected and analyzed to identify patterns and relationships between the variables studied. The research findings indicate an influence between implemented conflict management strategies and team performance, with important implications for practitioners in the hospitality industry in improving human resource management and team productivity.

Fish growth refers to the growth of body size which includes length and weight, as well as the development of fish body tissues within a certain period of time.Growth does not only occur in a physical sense but also includes biological and physiological changes in the fish body.In an ecological context, fish growth is related to the ability to survive, adapt, and reproduce in an environment with various internal and external factors.The implementation of the practicum of population dynamics and fish stock assessment was carried out in the Nias University building, room 2 of the Faculty of Science and Technology. The morphometric measurements were carried out by measuring the total length, stag length and standard length.The total length was measured from the distance between the tip of the head end and the tip of the caudal fin back.Growth of strange mackerel through the relationship between length and weight using the growth formula expressed in the form of a linear regression equation. The equation obtained from the analysis of measurement data shows the length-weight relationship with the equation Y 2.8771x-1.7473 and R2 value of 0.6688. The coefficient b value of 1.7473 indicates that mackerel has a negative allometric growth pattern, which means weight gain. Mackerel (Rastrelliger sp.) is the main indicator of fish growth and health based on the results of morphometric studies that show variations in length and weight.

This study analyze the role of job satisfaction in mediating the relationships between work-life balance (WLB), work stress, and employee performance among Generation Z employees in Semarang coffee shops. Using a quantitative survey approach, data were collected from 151 full-time employees aged 17-27 years across 20 coffee shops. The findings indicate that WLB positively and significantly influences both employee performance and job satisfaction. Additionally, job satisfaction has a direct positive impact on employee performance and mediates the relationship between WLB and performance. Conversely, work stress was found to have no significant direct or indirect effect on performance or satisfaction. These results highlight the critical role of WLB and job satisfaction in enhancing employee productivity, while the impact of work stress appears minimal in this context. Coffee shop management is encouraged to implement flexible policies supporting WLB and to foster job satisfaction.

Self-efficacy is a psychological factor that plays an important role in shaping nurses’ work attitudes and behaviors, including job satisfaction. Nurses’ job satisfaction affects the quality of nursing care and workforce sustainability in hospitals. This study aimed to determine the relationship between self-efficacy and job satisfaction among nurses at FMC Hospital in 2025. This study employed a quantitative correlational design with a cross-sectional approach. The sample consisted of all actively working nurses at FMC Hospital, totaling 83 respondents, selected using a total sampling technique. Data were collected using the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) and the Job Satisfaction Survey (JSS). Data analysis was conducted using univariate and bivariate analyses with the Spearman Rank correlation test. The results showed that most nurses had a high level of self-efficacy (98.8%), and all respondents were categorized as satisfied with their jobs. The Spearman Rank correlation test revealed a significant positive relationship with a moderate strength between self-efficacy and job satisfaction (ρ = 0.415; p < 0.001). In conclusion, higher self-efficacy is associated with higher job satisfaction among nurses. Therefore, strengthening nurses’ self-efficacy should be considered an important strategy in hospital human resource management.

Febrile seizures are a common neurological condition occurring in children aged 6 months to 5 years, with an incidence rate of 2-5%. Prompt and appropriate management is crucial to prevent long-term developmental impacts. This study aims to analyze the relationship between the classification of febrile seizures and child development in the working area of the Barus Jahe Health Center, Barus Jahe District, Karo Regency, North Sumatra Province, in 2023. The research used an observational method with a qualitative descriptive design, collecting data through interviews and physical measurements from 10 children who experienced seizures. The results showed that 70% of the children who experienced seizures were older than 1 year, while 30% were under 1 year old. In terms of gender, 60% of the children were male and 40% were female. Regarding seizure classification, 70% of the children had simple seizures, and 30% had complex seizures. Concerning child development, 60% showed normal development, 20% showed questionable development, and 20% required further monitoring. This study highlights the importance of appropriate management to prevent developmental issues resulting from febrile seizures.

This study aims to explore the role of stakeholders in measuring a company's economic rent and its relationship with competitive advantage. Using a qualitative approach through a literature review, this research analyzes various perspectives and findings on how relationships with stakeholders can influence the creation and utilization of economic rent by companies. The main findings suggest that stakeholders play a crucial role in the value creation process, where effective relationships with both internal and external stakeholders can strengthen a company's competitiveness. This study also highlights the importance of holistic stakeholder management in facing increasingly complex competitive challenges. The findings offer new insights into the role of stakeholders in supporting a company's competitive advantage in a dynamic business environment.

Background: Hypertension in the elderly is caused by degenerative processes and triggering factors such as poor diet, smoking, and alcohol consumption. The WHO identifies hypertension as a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases that can lead to serious complications such as stroke and heart disease. Objective: To identify the factors influencing dietary behavior related to hypertension in elderly patients who will be treated as outpatients in the Orchid Room of Bhakti Asih General Hospital, Tangerang, focusing on knowledge, attitudes, health worker support, and family support. Research Method: This quantitative study uses primary data from questionnaires with a Field Research method. The sample consists of 40 respondents, and data analysis was conducted using the Chi-Square Test. Research Results: The results of the Chi-Square test show a significant relationship between knowledge (ρ = 0.000), attitudes (ρ = 0.012), health worker support (ρ = 0.009), and family support (ρ = 0.000) towards dietary behavior related to hypertension in the elderly. Conclusion: Overall, knowledge, attitudes, health worker support, and family support influence dietary behavior related to hypertension in the elderly, which can impact the effective management of hypertension and prevent further complications. Recommendation: For future researchers, this study has limitations, and it is hoped that further research can develop this topic with a more comprehensive research methodology approach.

Default, or breach of contract, is a common problem in business transactions and can have significant impacts, both financially and non-financially. This article analyzes the various forms of default, such as failure to fulfill obligations, delays, or non-performance in accordance with the agreement. The impact of default is not only directly related to financial losses—for example through fines or damages—but can also damage business relationships and the company's reputation. Therefore, good contract design is very important in reducing this risk. Effective contract design should include clear clauses regarding obligations, deadlines, and sanctions that apply in the event of a breach. Penalty clauses are often used to provide incentives for the parties involved to fulfill their obligations. Furthermore, in the context of globalization and international transactions, it is important for contracts to include clear dispute resolution mechanisms, such as mediation or arbitration, to avoid escalation of problems. This article aims to provide practical guidance for companies in designing contracts that not only reduce the risk of default, but also ensure the sustainability of mutually beneficial business relationships. With a thorough understanding of legal risks and the implementation of appropriate mitigation measures, companies can maintain smooth operations and prevent major losses due to default.   Keywords : Default, Breach Of Contract, Contract Drafting, ,, , Mediation, Arbitration, Corporate Reputation, Risk Management.

The agriculture sector is facing unprecedented challenges as a result of climate change. As temperatures continue to rise and weather patterns change, the dynamics of plant-virus interactions change significantly, requiring innovative solutions to ensure global food security. This review article examines the relationship between climate change and the prevalence and severity of cucumber virus diseases, their impact on cucumber yield and quality, and subsequent economic implications, with a focus on the critical pathogen cucumber mosaic virus (CMV). The method in this journal article uses library research, which is a method with data collection by understanding and studying theories from various literatures related to the research. The results showed that as climate change increases, it is imperative to investigate its impact on cucumber virus management, specifically how increasing temperatures and changing rainfall patterns may affect virus epidemiology and disease resistance mechanisms. In addition, exploring integrated pest management strategies that combine traditional breeding with modern biotechnology advances is essential. The application of RNA-based technologies presents a promising avenue for effective virus control, potentially reducing the economic burden on cucumber farmers.

This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach to understand the relationship between capital, production costs, and income of MSMEs based on the experience and perspective of an entrepreneur. The subjects of this research are the owners or managers of MSMEs engaged in various sectors, such as food, crafts, and trade. The data collection techniques in this research used interviews, observation, and documentation techniques. This research data analysis technique uses data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawing. This research shows that capital management and production cost efficiency play an important role in determining the income of MSMEs, adequate capital support allows entrepreneurs to increase their production capacity and quality, while efficient production cost management ensures the sustainability of a business. External factors, such as accessing and utilizing technology, are also something that can drive the success of MSMEs.

The Internet of Things (IoT) has become one of the leading technologies in digital transformation, including in customer relationship management (CRM). This article discusses how IoT integration in CRM systems can improve customer satisfaction and retention through real-time data collection, service personalization, and data-driven decision making. With a literature study and implementation analysis, this research shows that IoT technology can provide deeper insight into customer behavior, improve operational efficiency, and create a more satisfying customer experience.

This study examines the roots of the source of debate and differences of opinion about the reality of patriarchal family relationship patterns that dichotomize the roles of men (husbands) and women (wives) in the household, where the husband is the head of the family (public) and the wife is the housewife (domestic). The purpose of the study was to determine gender equality in modern family households in the application of the married couple environment (young brides and grooms, This research method uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive research type., The results of the study in the form of a dichotomous family relationship pattern, resulting in injustice and gender inequality. This condition certainly requires the construction of a relationship pattern based on justice and gender equality, so that a gender partnership is realized towards a harmonious family. The construction of a gender relationship pattern that is just and gender equal, is realized if there is cooperation and equal and fair division of roles between husband and wife, which refers to the planning and implementation of family resource management, so that family members have a division of roles in various activities (domestic, public, and community).

Stress is a psychological condition that can affect nutritional status through changes in eating patterns and body metabolism. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between stress levels and nutritional status among final-year medical students at the Faculty of Medicine, University of Lampung. The study was conducted from November 2024 to January 2025 using a cross-sectional approach. The population consisted of final-year medical students in the 2024 academic year. A total of 141 students were selected using a simple random sampling technique. Data analysis was performed using the gamma correlation test. Stress levels were assessed using the Medical Student Stressor Questionnaire (MSSQ), while nutritional status was measured through anthropometric assessments. The results showed that 34.8% of respondents had an overweight or obese nutritional status, and 44.7% experienced moderate stress levels. Bivariate analysis revealed a significant relationship between stress levels and nutritional status (p = 0.033, p < 0.05) with a weak positive correlation (r = 0.260). This positive correlation indicates that higher stress levels are associated with an increased risk of being overweight or obese. In conclusion, this study demonstrates a significant relationship between stress levels and nutritional status among final-year medical students. These findings highlight the importance of effective stress management to prevent the risk of excessive weight gain and its potential contribution to degenerative diseases.

Leadership is a key factor in the success or failure of an organization across various fields, including business, education, healthcare, social affairs, politics, and governance. It serves as a social mechanism that coordinates relationships among individuals within a community to achieve shared objectives. This study examines educational leadership, focusing on the development of human resources (HR). Utilizing a qualitative approach with library research methods, the study employs documentation for data collection and content analysis for data interpretation. The results indicate that effective and cohesive policies implemented by school principals address areas such as HR development, financial management, technological adoption, and improvements in infrastructure and school culture. These policies contribute to fostering a sustainable and improved educational vision. School principals, as leaders, must craft flexible policies and collaborate with all school and community stakeholders to ensure the achievement of collective goals.

This research investigates the relationship between public service motivation (PSM) and employee performance (EP) within public sector organizations. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, the study analyzes quantitative data from employee surveys and qualitative insights from interviews with public sector employees. The findings reveal a significant positive correlation between PSM and EP, indicating that employees who are motivated by a desire to serve the public tend to exhibit higher performance levels. Additionally, the research identifies key factors that enhance this relationship, including organizational support, leadership styles, and job design. The study highlights the importance of fostering a motivating work environment to improve employee performance in the public sector. Based on these findings, recommendations for future research and practical implications for public sector management are provided, emphasizing the need for targeted training programs and employee engagement strategies. This research contributes to the understanding of how intrinsic motivations can drive performance outcomes in public service settings.

This qualitative literature review examines the impact of strengthened tax enforcement on corporate cash holdings, synthesizing findings from recent empirical studies. The review highlights that enhanced tax enforcement prompts firms to adopt precautionary cash management strategies, often resulting in higher cash reserves to mitigate tax-related risks. Key factors influencing this relationship include firm size, governance quality, industry characteristics, and jurisdictional tax policies. Cross-country comparisons reveal significant variations, with institutional frameworks playing a crucial role in shaping corporate responses. While stricter enforcement ensures compliance, it may inadvertently constrain investment and operational efficiency due to increased liquidity demands. This study underscores the complexity of corporate financial decision-making under tax enforcement pressures and identifies gaps for future research, particularly in emerging markets.  

The current research aims to verify the relationship between talent management practices represented by (attracting talent, investing talent, localizing talent, retaining talent) and the creative work behavior of employees represented by (exploratory creative work behavior, investment creative work behavior), among a sample of teaching staff in private universities and colleges in the Middle Euphrates region, numbering (276) instructors. The researchers adopted the descriptive analytical approach, taking the questionnaire as a basic mechanism for collecting the necessary data for the practical aspect of the study. The study concluded that there is a relationship between talent management practices and the creative work behavior of employees. As a result, the study reached a set of recommendations, the most prominent of which is that private universities and colleges must create a flexible academic environment that encourages innovation, such as remote work options or flexible work schedules, which supports work-life balance and makes room for creative thinking, in addition to implementing a periodic evaluation system to measure the level of employee engagement and creative behavior, and using the evaluation results to improve programs and practices. Continuously.

The interest rate in the Iraqi economy represents an active and important element in the management of monetary policy in the Iraqi economy, as it is used by the monetary authority represented by the Central Bank of Iraq to influence the money supply, as well as the impact of this also by allocating the available resources for savings among foreign investments to achieve the central goal of the monetary authority of achieving stability in prices such as the interest rate and various prices and values of investments together and thus achieve balance at the economic and financial levels. This research analyzes the relationship between interest rate changes (IRC) and foreign direct investment (FDI) in the Iraqi economy during the period from (2004-2023). Multiple analytical tools were used, including descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, time series analysis, and prediction models using ARIMA and Prophet. The results showed an association between the two variables under consideration, with the ability of the ARIMA and Prophet models to provide accurate forecasts of future   FDI trends. A quantitative methodology that includes descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, time series models, and forecasting tools has been adopted to clarify the relationship between the two variables and draw conclusions that support economic decision-making.

Campus autonomy in Indonesia provides good hope, but there are also many basic problems that disturb the hearts of the people, Especially those related to financial allocation. This study aims to examine the impact of campus autonomy on the implementation of the Single Tuition Fee (UKT) at the State Islamic University of Jakarta, community absorption of UKT, and its adaptation process. The research methodology will involve an in-depth analysis of campus autonomy policies and UKT implementation using naturalistic qualitative methods focused on a case study approach. Data was collected through in-depth interviews with key informants, namely university leaders, lecturers, students, and related stakeholders (n = 19). The data obtained are analyzed thematically. The results of the study are expected to provide a deeper understanding of the relationship between campus autonomy and UKT policies, community absorption, and its adaptation process to higher education accessibility and student experience. Data analysis will include stakeholder perceptions, changes in administrative policies and practices, and the social and economic impacts of UKT implementation. This study will summarize the main findings and their implications for the implementation of higher education management at UIN Jakarta. This research explains important implications for improving the effectiveness of campus autonomy implementation and UKT policies and provides guidance for decision-making at the institutional and government levels.