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This study is based on the suboptimal management of waste transportation in Tanjungpinang City, caused by limited fleet capacity, uneven service routes, a lack of human resources, and inconsistent implementation of Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs). This situation has led to waste accumulation at various points and an excessive load on the Ganet Final Disposal Site (TPA), which uses a controlled landfill system. The system aims to minimize pollution through waste compaction, soil covering, and leachate and methane gas management, but its implementation has not been optimal due to limited facilities and infrastructure. This study aims to evaluate the management of waste transportation to the Ganet landfill and identify the obstacles that arise. The approach used is descriptive qualitative with observation techniques, in-depth interviews, and document analysis, involving the Environmental Agency, the Ganet Landfill Technical Implementation Unit, field officers, fleet drivers, and residents around the Temporary Cleaning Site (TPS). The findings reveal that waste transportation management is already being carried out through standard operating procedures (SOPs) and inter-unit coordination, but is still hampered by fleet limitations, landfill capacity that is nearly full, service routes that do not cover the entire area, and minimal community participation. Therefore, additional fleets, infrastructure improvements, strengthened supervision, and community outreach are needed to achieve sustainable waste management.

The customary forest of Sub-Tribe Afsya, Bariat Village, South Sorong Regency, Southwest Papua is a lowland tropical rainforest of approximately 2,500 hectares managed under the indigenous "Sasi Adat" system. This study aimed to determine bird species diversity, evenness of distribution, and the relationship between bird communities and vegetation structure. Research was conducted in January 2026 using a combination of line transect and point count methods along five 1,000-meter transects, observed in the morning (06:00–10:00 WIT) and afternoon (15:30–18:00 WIT). Data were analyzed using the Shannon–Wiener Diversity Index (H’), Simpson's Dominance Index (D), Evenness Index (E), and vegetation Important Value Index (IVI). The study recorded 30 bird species from 16 families with 492 individuals, including 12 Papua-endemic species protected under Minister of Environment and Forestry Regulation No. P.106/2018. H’ values ranged from 1.197 to 2.472 (moderate to high); dominance was low to moderate; and evenness ranged from 0.668 to 0.933, with most transects showing high evenness (E > 0.75). Vegetation was dominated by damar trees (Agathis labillardierei) and fruiting trees synergistically supporting frugivore, insectivore, and nectarivore bird guilds. The Sasi Adat management system demonstrably contributes to habitat quality, rendering this forest of significant conservation value for Southwest Papua's avifauna.

Whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) is a leading commodity in aquaculture in Indonesia due to a number of advantages such as disease resistance, rapid growth, high survival rate, and feed conversion efficiency. Whiteleg shrimp contributes significantly to Indonesian fisheries exports, reaching 38.98% in 2021. To meet high market demand, increasing the productivity and quality of whiteleg shrimp is very important, where the quality of the shrimp is influenced by the quality of the fry. Good management, including selecting quality broodstock, proper handling of eggs and nauplii, and maintaining optimal water quality, is very important in producing quality whiteleg shrimp fry. This study aims to determine the effect of temperature on the growth length and life expectancy of whiteleg shrimp nauplii. The study was conducted using a completely randomized design with three different temperature treatments (26°C, 29°C, and 32°C). The whiteleg shrimp nauplii used had an average size of 328.24mm obtained from PT. Delta Windu Purnama Situbondo. The water quality parameters used are Temperature, pH, salinity, and DO. Delta Windu Purnama Situbondo. Data were analyzed using SPSS 16.

The environmental friendliness of a fishing gear is an important component in sustainable fisheries management. The use of environmentally friendly fishing gear that complies with the Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries is absolutely necessary. Environmental friendliness refers to the ability of a fishing gear to catch fish with minimal environmental impact, because even though the fishing gear can catch fish well, the fishing gear can still cause problems with the marine environment, such as damage to coral reefs and non-selective fishing. The purse seine fishing gear used by fishermen in Laha Village, Ambon is one of the effective fishing gears in catching various types of pelagic fish such as scad, tuna, lemuru, skipjack and mackerel. Purse Seine fishing gear also has a negative impact on the marine ecosystem and therefore this study was conducted to determine the environmental friendliness of Purse Seine fishing gear. The research method that will be used is a descriptive method, namely interviews using questionnaires given to fishermen and data collection through field observations. Based on the results of the study, the Purse Seine fishing gear in Laha Village, Ambon is used to catch several types of small and large pelagic fish and the main catch is scad and skipjack tuna. Based on the calculation results of the criteria for environmentally friendly fishing gear, a score of 30 was obtained, so it can be concluded that the Purse Seine fishing gear in Laha Village, Ambon is included in the very environmentally friendly category. It is recommended that fishermen in Laha Village prioritize their safety and security during the fishing process and while sailing.

This study aims to analyze the level of environmental friendliness of gillnet fishing gear operated by fishermen in Pangandaran Regency. Sustainable management of fishery resources is crucial in this region, given the high biodiversity and the pressure from environmentally damaging fishing activities. The methods used in this study include field observations, interviews, and the distribution of questionnaires to 30 respondents. Data analysis was conducted by scoring based on the nine criteria for environmentally friendly fishing gear established by the FAO Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries (CCRF) 1995. These nine criteria include gear selectivity, impact on habitat, fisherman safety, catch quality, consumer safety, impact on biodiversity, protection of endangered species, and social acceptance. The results showed that gillnet fishing gear in Pangandaran Regency obtained an average score of 28.3. Based on the CCRF assessment categories, this value places gillnets in the environmentally friendly category. Nevertheless, the selectivity aspect remains the lowest-scoring factor as the gear still catches more than three species with varying sizes. On the other hand, this fishing gear proved to be safe for habitats, poses no danger to fishermen, produces safe products for consumers, and is well-received socially by the local community.

This study aims to analyze the implementation of pedagogical competence among Christian Religious Education teachers and its implications for students’ learning interest at SMTK Katharos Bekasi. The study is based on the importance of teachers’ pedagogical competence in creating effective learning environments and increasing student engagement in the classroom. A qualitative approach with a descriptive design was applied in this research. Data were collected through classroom observations, questionnaire-based interviews with students, and literature review. The findings show that teachers’ pedagogical competence is categorized as good, with an average score of 33.8 or 75.1% of the maximum score, reflecting effective classroom management, appropriate material delivery, and proper student guidance. Students’ learning interest is also categorized as good, with an average score of 32.8 or 72.9%, indicating active participation and positive engagement in the learning process. Therefore, pedagogical competence positively influences students’ learning interest, and continuous improvement is needed to enhance learning effectiveness.

Zakat is a key instrument in the Islamic economic system, functioning as a mechanism for income redistribution and poverty alleviation. However, zakat management at the level of mosque-based Zakat Collection Units (Unit Pengumpul Zakat/UPZ) still faces significant challenges, particularly in terms of managerial capacity, administrative systems, and institutional governance. This community service project aims to optimize the collection and distribution of zakat through capacity building of the UPZ management at Al-Hidayah Mosque, Mandailing Natal. The study employed a participatory approach consisting of observation, joint planning, socialization, training, mentoring, and evaluation stages. Data were collected using observation, interviews, and structured questionnaires administered through pre-test and post-test to measure participants’ knowledge improvement. Data analysis was conducted using a descriptive comparative method to assess changes before and after the intervention. The results indicate a significant improvement in the managerial capacity of UPZ administrators, as reflected by an increase in the average score from 55% in the pre-test to 80% in the post-test. In addition, improvements were observed in zakat management practices, including the establishment of simple financial recording systems, the development of a structured database of donors (muzakki) and beneficiaries (mustahik), and enhanced transparency and accountability. Qualitatively, the program also fostered behavioral change among administrators, the emergence of local leadership, and increased public trust in the UPZ. This study concludes that participatory-based socialization, training, and mentoring are effective in strengthening institutional capacity and optimizing zakat management at the grassroots level. The findings highlight the importance of governance and capacity building in enhancing the effectiveness of community-based zakat institutions.

Spinal anesthesia is one of the regional anesthesia methods that is often chosen in various surgical procedures, especially in the area of the lower extremities, pelvis, and lower abdomen. The most common complication encountered in this technique is the occurrence of hypotension, which can affect tissue perfusion and hemodynamic stability of the patient. This study aims to examine the incidence of hypotension in spinal anesthesia, including mechanisms, risk factors, and management. The method used in this study is literature review with a scientific source search process conducted through various databases PUBMED, Sciencedirect, Researchgate, and Google Scholar with a publication year range of 2016 to 2026. The results showed that hypotension arises as a consequence of an obstacle in the sympathetic nervous system, which provokes dilation of blood vessels as well as reduced venous return. Risk factors include age, body mass index, patient position, block height, duration of surgery, fluid status, Injection Point, and type of anesthetic drug used. Management is carried out by administering fluids, vasopressors, as well as strict hemodynamic monitoring. A good understanding of the risk factors and mechanisms of hypotension is expected to improve patient safety during spinal anesthesia..

This community service activity aimed to enhance the economic competitiveness of rural communities through inventive entrepreneurship methods. The program was implemented in Batu Putih Village, Mallawa District, Maros Regency, involving 25 participants consisting of MSME actors, housewives, and youth organization members. It was designed as a community empowerment program based on local potential and integrated with digital technology. A participatory approach was applied by involving participants in identifying local resources, exploring business opportunities, developing business ideas, and implementing marketing strategies. The activity stages included mapping local economic potentials, providing entrepreneurship training focused on creativity and innovation, assisting business digitalization through social media and online marketplaces, and evaluating participants’ capacity improvement. Participants were also introduced to basic business management, product packaging, and digital marketing strategies to strengthen product competitiveness. The results showed a significant increase in participants’ entrepreneurial understanding and skills, as reflected in the improvement of test scores from 48% in the pre-test to 87% in the post-test. In addition, 70% of participants successfully developed new products based on local potential, while 60% were able to market their products online. Three new businesses were also established by utilizing local resources sustainably. Overall, inventive entrepreneurship methods proved effective in increasing creativity, productivity, and economic independence among rural communities.

This study aims to investigate the determinants of job performance by integrating the variables of capability, social interaction, and Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) as a moderating variable. The phenomenon of employee turnover and discrepancies in staff discretionary behavior within the hospital setting serves as the primary rationale for this study. Using a quantitative approach, data were collected from 240 respondents at Magelang City Islamic Hospital through purposive sampling. Data analysis was conducted using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) based on AMOS software to test the causal relationships among variables in the structural model. The research findings provide empirical confirmation that individual capabilities and the quality of social inter-actions have a positive and significant influence on stimulating the formation of OCB. Furthermore, statistical test results demonstrate that capabilities, social interactions, and OCB simultaneously make a significant contribution to improving employee work performance. The presence of OCB is identified as a crucial factor capable of strengthening organizational performance outcomes. The practical implications of this study emphasize the need for hospital management to formulate human resource development strategies focused on strengthening technical skills and social cohesion to mit-igate the impact of turnover and accelerate the sustainable performance of healthcare services.

The internet has penetrated various aspects of human life, changing the way individuals interact with one another. Everything from reading the news and searching for information to working and studying, to fundraising, can now be done online. Fundraising, often referred to as donations, can now be done through social media. People can contribute their funds online, a process known as crowdfunding. Crowdfunding is an internet-based funding method that allows certain initiatives to be funded through contributions from many people online, without any specific time limits. This fundraising generally focuses on social, educational, or humanitarian initiatives. In Indonesia, fundraising is often carried out by non-profit organizations or individuals. The success of a fundraising campaign is influenced by several factors, such as clarity of campaign objectives and a compelling narrative to attract donors. However, fundraising is still vulnerable to abuse by irresponsible parties. Therefore, regulations in Indonesia need to be strengthened to prevent abuse and increase accountability. Rules related to fundraising are regulated in Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 9 of 1961 concerning the Collection of Money or Goods. Thus, optimizing fundraising requires a combination of effective communication strategies, transparent management, and clear regulations. The results of this study are expected to serve as a guide for organizations and individuals seeking effective fundraising, as well as provide input for policymakers regarding fundraising regulations in Indonesia.

The rapid advancement of digital technology in higher education has transformed learning and assessment systems, particularly through the adoption of Learning Management Systems (LMS) and Computer-Based Tests (CBT). However, many university students still face challenges in adapting to digital examination environments due to limited technical experience and digital literacy. This Community Service Activity (PKM) aims to enhance students’ academic readiness and digital competence through the implementation of a Moodle-based LMS at Universitas Murni Teguh. The activity was conducted in the form of an interactive workshop, including system introduction, simulation of CBT, guided practice, and discussion sessions involving university students and lecturers. The results showed a significant improvement in students’ understanding of LMS features, confidence in using CBT systems, and ability to manage digital-based examinations effectively. Active participation and engagement during the sessions reflected high enthusiasm and adaptability toward digital learning transformation. This activity demonstrates that the implementation of LMS Moodle is effective in improving academic preparedness and digital literacy among students, and can serve as a sustainable model for strengthening technology-based learning in higher education institutions.

This community service program aims to improve adolescents’ financial literacy through an educational initiative entitled “Smart Teens: Managing Money Without Drama”, conducted for the youth of Vihara Dhamma Bhakti Tangerang. The program is motivated by the relatively low level of financial literacy among adolescents, which may lead to consumptive behavior and a lack of personal financial management skills from an early age. The methods employed include interactive lectures, financial management simulations, and group discussions covering basic financial planning, saving habits, and expense control. The results indicate an improvement in participants’ understanding of fundamental financial concepts, such as managing allowances, the importance of saving, and the ability to distinguish between needs and wants. Furthermore, participants demonstrated more responsible attitudes in making financial decisions. This program is expected to serve as an effective community-based financial literacy education model in fostering healthy financial behavior among adolescents.

The rapid advancement of digital technology in higher education has transformed learning and assessment systems, particularly through the adoption of Learning Management Systems (LMS) and Computer-Based Tests (CBT). However, many university students still face challenges in adapting to digital examination environments due to limited technical experience and digital literacy. This Community Service Activity (PKM) aims to enhance students’ academic readiness and digital competence through the implementation of a Moodle-based LMS at Universitas Murni Teguh. The activity was conducted in the form of an interactive workshop, including system introduction, simulation of CBT, guided practice, and discussion sessions involving university students and lecturers. The results showed a significant improvement in students’ understanding of LMS features, confidence in using CBT systems, and ability to manage digital-based examinations effectively. Active participation and engagement during the sessions reflected high enthusiasm and adaptability toward digital learning transformation. This activity demonstrates that the implementation of LMS Moodle is effective in improving academic preparedness and digital literacy among students, and can serve as a sustainable model for strengthening technology-based learning in higher education institutions.

This community service program aims to improve adolescents’ financial literacy through an educational initiative entitled “Smart Teens: Managing Money Without Drama”, conducted for the youth of Vihara Dhamma Bhakti Tangerang. The program is motivated by the relatively low level of financial literacy among adolescents, which may lead to consumptive behavior and a lack of personal financial management skills from an early age. The methods employed include interactive lectures, financial management simulations, and group discussions covering basic financial planning, saving habits, and expense control. The results indicate an improvement in participants’ understanding of fundamental financial concepts, such as managing allowances, the importance of saving, and the ability to distinguish between needs and wants. Furthermore, participants demonstrated more responsible attitudes in making financial decisions. This program is expected to serve as an effective community-based financial literacy education model in fostering healthy financial behavior among adolescents.

: Family well being is strongly influenced by the ability to manage finances wisely and systematically. However, low levels of financial literacy among communities often lead to issues such as imbalance between income and expenditure and lack of proper financial planning. This community service program aimed to improve the understanding and skills of PKK women in Ngaresrejo Village, Sidoarjo, in managing household finances. The method used was a participatory approach consisting of socialization, educational sessions, group discussions, and hands-on assistance in simple financial record-keeping. A total of 25 participants were actively involved in all stages of the program. Evaluation was conducted using pre-test and post-test assessments, as well as participant feedback on the implementation process. The results showed an increase in participants’ understanding from 39% in the pre-test to 61% in the post-test. In addition, 63% of participants expressed satisfaction with the program, indicating that the activity was relevant and beneficial. Qualitatively, the program also encouraged positive behavioral changes in financial management, such as recording income and expenses, prioritizing needs, and improving saving habits. Furthermore, the emergence of active participants as local leaders indicates the potential sustainability of the program within the community. In conclusion, this community service program effectively enhances family financial literacy and contributes to improving community well-being in a sustainable manner.

The increasing competition in the healthcare industry requires hospitals to establish effective relationship strategies to enhance patient loyalty. This study aims to examine the effect of Customer Relationship Management (CRM) on patient loyalty, with brand salience and customer engagement behavior (CEB) as mediating variables. The research adopts a quantitative approach using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). Data were collected from 155 outpatients at Cengkareng General Hospital (RSAR) who had experienced CRM-related services, using a structured questionnaire measured on a four-point Likert scale. The findings reveal that CRM has a significant positive effect on brand salience, customer engagement behavior, and patient loyalty. Among these relationships, CRM demonstrates the strongest influence on customer engagement behavior, indicating that relationship-based strategies effectively encourage active patient involvement. Furthermore, customer engagement behavior significantly affects patient loyalty, suggesting that patients who are more engaged—through feedback, recommendations, and participation—are more likely to develop stronger loyalty toward healthcare providers. In contrast, brand salience does not have a significant effect on patient loyalty, indicating that brand awareness alone is insufficient to drive loyalty in the healthcare context. Mediation analysis shows that customer engagement behavior partially mediates the relationship between CRM and patient loyalty, whereas brand salience does not act as a mediator. These results suggest that CRM enhances patient loyalty not only directly but also indirectly through strengthening engagement behavior. This study contributes to healthcare marketing literature by integrating relationship marketing and customer engagement perspectives, highlighting engagement as a more critical mechanism than brand salience in fostering sustainable patient loyalty.

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a life-threatening acute metabolic complication of diabetes mellitus characterized by hyperglycemia, metabolic acidosis, and ketosis due to absolute or relative insulin deficiency. DKA may present as the initial manifestation of previously undiagnosed diabetes, particularly in young adults. We report a case of a 27-year-old male who presented with decreased consciousness preceded by shortness of breath. The patient had a three-month history of polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, and significant weight loss. Physical examination revealed a Glasgow Coma Scale score of 9 and signs of dehydration. Laboratory findings showed severe hyperglycemia (426 mg/dL), elevated HbA1c (8.5%), leukocytosis, and severe metabolic acidosis (pH 6.8; HCO₃⁻ 5.8 mmol/L). The diagnosis of DKA was established based on clinical and laboratory criteria. Management included aggressive fluid resuscitation, continuous intravenous insulin infusion, electrolyte correction, and antibiotic therapy for suspected infection. The patient showed gradual clinical improvement. This case highlights the importance of early recognition, identification of precipitating factors, and prompt management to reduce morbidity and mortality associated with DKA.

This study aims to analyze the effect of financial literacy and the use of accounting information on the financial performance of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs), with financing as a moderating variable. The research sample consists of 100 MSME owners or managers located in Gresik City, specifically in Gresik, Kebomas, and Manyar Districts, selected using purposive sampling based on predetermined criteria. Hypothesis testing was conducted using the Structural Equation Modeling–Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) method with the assistance of SmartPLS software through a bootstrapping procedure and one-tailed testing. The results indicate that financial literacy and the use of accounting information have a positive and significant effect on MSME financial performance. In addition, financing is proven to strengthen the influence of financial literacy and accounting information on MSME financial performance. This study is expected to provide practical benefits for MSME actors in improving financial performance through better financial management and access to financing. The limitation of this study lies in the limited research area and the use of perception-based data.

This study aims to determine the effect of educational activities on the management of ARI through infant massage practices on increasing maternal knowledge and reducing complaints of coughs and colds in infants in Majungan Village. The research method used was descriptive with a mixed methods approach (quantitative and qualitative). The study subjects consisted of 25 mothers with infants aged 0–12 months. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and pre-test and post-test questionnaires. The results showed that the level of maternal knowledge increased from 28% to 88% after being provided with education and demonstrations of infant massage. In addition, 76% of mothers reported a decrease in complaints of coughs and colds in infants after routine infant massage for one week. Qualitative results indicate that this activity is not only physically beneficial, but also increases the role of mothers in the management of mild ARI and awareness of the importance of cleanliness and environmental health. Thus, education on the management of ARI through infant massage practices can be one of the supporting efforts in maintaining infant health, especially in areas with limited access to health services.