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Islamic Religious Education (IRE) plays a crucial role in shaping the moral character of students at the elementary school level. However, learning methods used in IRE classrooms often remain conventional and teacher-centered, resulting in low student engagement and limited understanding of religious material. In response to the educational demands of the 21st century, a transformation in learning strategies is necessary. This study explores the implementation of active learning methods Card Sort, The Power of Two, and Snowballing as innovative approaches to revitalize IRE instruction. Using a qualitative descriptive method, data were gathered through classroom observations, in-depth interviews with teachers and students, and supporting documentation. The findings reveal that Card Sort enhances students’ ability to visually organize and connect religious concepts, The Power of Two facilitates deeper comprehension through peer discussion, and Snowballing promotes collaborative knowledge construction in stages. These methods contribute to a more interactive, student-centered, and meaningful learning process. Moreover, the integration of these strategies helps improve students' critical thinking, communication, and social-emotional skills while strengthening their internalization of Islamic values. Despite challenges such as instructional planning and classroom management, active learning techniques offer promising potential to transform IRE learning into a dynamic and participatory experience. The study provides practical recommendations for educators and school administrators to develop more effective and engaging IRE strategies.

Technology-based financial innovation has led to the emergence of crowdfunding platforms, which are now expanding into the realm of Islamic finance. This study aims to examine how the principles of Islamic economics are integrated into Sharia-compliant crowdfunding practices, particularly in financing Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Indonesia. The research employs a qualitative descriptive approach through literature review and case studies of several prominent Sharia crowdfunding platforms in Indonesia. The findings show that Sharia crowdfunding not only adheres to Islamic principles such as the prohibition of riba (usury) and gharar (uncertainty), but also applies concepts of justice, transparency, and partnership within contract structures. However, challenges related to Sharia financial literacy, regulation, and public trust remain significant obstacles. This study recommends enhancing Sharia financial literacy and strengthening regulations to support a sustainable Sharia crowdfunding ecosystem.

Education is an important aspect in improving the quality of human resources, especially in higher education in the field of engineering where a deep understanding of technical material is needed. The Electrical Circuit course is often a challenge because there are many abstract concepts that are difficult for students to understand. This study aims to analyze the effect of using PhET Simulation as a technology-based learning media to improve the learning outcomes of Electrical Engineering students in the Electrical Circuit course, as well as evaluating its ability to increase student involvement and become an alternative to limited laboratory experiments. The study used a One-Group Pretest-Posttest design with a sample of 30 students. Data was collected through pretest and posttest, then analyzed using N-Gain test. The results showed that there was a significant increase in the average student score from 59.07 in the pretest to 81.87 in the posttest, with an N-Gain score of 0.55 which was included in the moderate category. This finding proves that PhET Simulation is effective in improving the understanding of Electrical Circuit concepts, as well as increasing student engagement through interactive learning. This simulation also provides flexibility in conducting virtual experiments, so it can be a solution to the limitations of physical laboratories.

This study is a literature review aimed at examining how accounting influences the management and optimization of taxation within companies. The review focuses on four main aspects: the basic concepts of tax accounting, the role of accounting in tax optimization, the relationship between tax accounting and taxpayer compliance, and tax risk management through accounting. Tax accounting functions as a strategic tool to help companies understand and apply tax regulations appropriately. Through accurate financial recording and reporting, companies can optimize their tax burdens legally and efficiently. In addition, sound accounting practices promote higher levels of tax compliance and assist in identifying and managing tax risks that could harm the company. Thus, accounting plays an important role in establishing effective, efficient, and sustainable tax governance in modern business practices.

A professional leader of an educational institution is someone who is able to provide direction, set goals to be achieved, provide solutions to every problem, make various decisions, planning and strategies. He is a great person in implementing concepts. He actively communicates, coordinates, supervises and conducts evaluations. The most important thing is that he motivates teachers and education personnel to become professional teachers and education personnel. He builds morale and a spirit of togetherness in the madrasah educational institution, teaches, trains, and gives advice. All of these hopes will be realized if a leader has the integrity to lead the madrasah educational institution to become an excellent and quality institution. Leader, which means "to lead" or "leader," is the root of the word "leadership," which indicates the act of taking control. "Leadership as the ability to influence a group towards achieving goals" is what Stephen P. Robbins said when asked about leadership. One definition of leadership is the capacity to inspire others to work together to achieve common goals. The development of school culture in order to achieve commitment in achieving the expected standards needs to be continuously carried out in a culture of quality. Therefore, the principal's leadership plays a key role in realizing a culture of quality in educational units.  

A professional leader of an educational institution is someone who is able to provide direction, set goals to be achieved, provide solutions to every problem, make various decisions, planning and strategies. He is a great person in implementing concepts. He actively communicates, coordinates, supervises and conducts evaluations. The most important thing is that he motivates teachers and education personnel to become professional teachers and education personnel. He builds morale and a spirit of togetherness in the madrasah educational institution, teaches, trains, and gives advice. All of these hopes will be realized if a leader has the integrity to lead the madrasah educational institution to become an excellent and quality institution. Leader, which means "to lead" or "leader," is the root of the word "leadership," which indicates the act of taking control. "Leadership as the ability to influence a group towards achieving goals" is what Stephen P. Robbins said when asked about leadership. One definition of leadership is the capacity to inspire others to work together to achieve common goals. The development of school culture in order to achieve commitment in achieving the expected standards needs to be continuously carried out in a culture of quality. Therefore, the principal's leadership plays a key role in realizing a culture of quality in educational units.  

One of the main challenges faced by prospective educators is the limited understanding and application of Positive Discipline in the educational process, which hampers optimal character development in students. This community service program aims to enhance the capacity of Primary School Teacher Education (PGSD) students at Universitas Terbuka (UT) Jayapura through Smart Education training on the implementation of Positive Discipline as a strategy to build students’ integrity, responsibility, and independence. The activity was conducted using a participatory approach through workshops, interactive discussions, and case study simulations. The results showed an 85% increase in participants’ understanding of Positive Discipline concepts, as well as improved skills in applying such approaches in educational settings. Post-training evaluations also revealed positive changes in participants’ thinking patterns regarding educational communication and the importance of early character education. This program contributes significantly to preparing future teachers who are oriented toward character development and a more humanistic school culture.

This study explores the transformation of Moksha Patam, a traditional Indian board game rooted in spiritual and moral education, into the globally commercialized game Snakes and Ladders. Originally designed to teach concepts like karma and moksha, the game was secularized during British colonialism and later commodified in the West, losing its original cultural and pedagogical meanings. Using a qualitative library research method, the paper analyzes historical texts, colonial records, and contemporary versions to examine how the game’s symbolism has evolved. Despite widespread homogenization, modern adaptations in countries like Indonesia, Pakistan, and Iran reflect local values and current social issues, indicating the game’s ongoing relevance and semiotic flexibility. Recent efforts by Indian educators and NGOs to reintroduce Moksha Patam into schools highlight a broader movement toward cultural reclamation and decolonized education. The study underscores the need to recognize and preserve indigenous knowledge systems in modern learning environments.

The Dark Indonesia Action is a symbol of the resistance and struggle of the youth in fighting for justice. The action not only took place in Jakarta but also in several regions including in Jember Regency, precisely in front of the DPRD building. The action, which was dominated by students, took place peacefully and orderly. Participants compactly used all-black clothes as a form of representation for the realization of one hundred days of leadership of the elected president. This research aims to analyze the dark Indonesia action that occurred in Jember using the social movement theory proposed by Charles Tilly, specifically through three main concepts, namely, repertoire, campaign, and WUNC (worthiness, unity, numbers, commitment) storefront. This research uses a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach that focuses on the direct experience of individuals involved in the action. The results showed that the participants of the Indonesia Gelap action in Jember had fulfilled the three concepts proposed by Tilly. Thus, the Dark Indonesia action can be understood as a form of organized social movement that has structures, symbols, and a strong collective spirit in fighting for the aspirations of justice in the community.

A parabola is a curve that consists of points that are equidistant from a fixed point (focus) and a fixed line (directrix). This study aims to analyze the shape of the canopy roof of the UBB Medical Building using an analytical geometry approach on parabolas. The method used is a quantitative descriptive based on visual documentary online and proportional estimates against comparative objects. The parabola model is constructed from three key points and visualized using GeoGebra. The results show that the shape of the canopy can be accurately represented through the equation of a parabola, with a symmetrical and aesthetic structure. This research proves that mathematical concepts can be practically applied in architectural design.

This article explores the relevance of the contemporary church through the lens of systematic theology by examining the concepts of visibility (the church’s tangible presence) and invisibility (its spiritual and unseen essence). The topic is crucial as many churches today face a tension between their social engagement and their spiritual identity. The central issue addressed in this research is how the church can maintain its theological integrity while remaining visibly active and impactful in an ever-changing society. This study employs a qualitative method using a literature review approach, analyzing theological texts, academic articles, and biblical references to investigate ecclesiological perspectives on integrating visibility and invisibility. The data is analyzed descriptively and reflectively to identify theological patterns and practical implications for the life of the church today. The findings reveal that a relevant church is one that successfully integrates both visible and invisible dimensions. Visibility is essential for contextual engagement with the world, while invisibility sustains spiritual depth and fidelity to Christ. This integration results in a church that is actively present in society, while also rooted in holiness, love, and prophetic mission. The study recommends that churches engage in theological reflection to reassess their identity and ministry to remain relevant without losing their spiritual direction.

This study examines Boras Sipir Ni Tondi, a sacred cultural symbol of the Batak community which literally means “rice that restores the soul,” often used in traditional rituals as a medium of spiritual healing, blessing, and communal solidarity. The research addresses the growing theological tension and cultural disconnection among Batak Christian youth who are caught between ancestral heritage and the normative teachings of Christianity. The objective of this study is to explore the symbolic and theological meaning of Boras Sipir Ni Tondi and to develop a contextual approach for its integration into Christian Religious Education (CRE). Using a qualitative research approach with library research methods and contextual hermeneutic analysis, the study draws on theological literature, cultural anthropology, and scriptural narratives. The findings reveal that Boras Sipir Ni Tondi holds profound symbolic meanings aligned with Christian concepts of restoration, spiritual renewal, and divine grace. When interpreted theologically, this symbol can serve as a pedagogical tool to bridge faith and culture, especially through reflective learning models, contextual liturgies, and integrative teaching strategies. The study proposes that by embracing culturally meaningful symbols within the framework of biblical theology, CRE can foster spiritual identity that is both rooted in tradition and transformative in faith. It concludes that a critical and theologically grounded inculturation of local symbols enhances the relevance of Christian education, enabling learners to embody faith that is contextually aware, spiritually alive, and culturally rooted.  

The main problem in this study lies in the lack of a deep and comprehensive understanding of child development from the perspective of Islamic psychology, especially in the context of education. In fact, understanding the stages of child development is very important to design appropriate educational approaches holistically. This study aims to explain the definition of child development psychology, identify psychological concepts in Islamic teachings that are relevant to child growth, and analyze how the principles of Islamic psychology can be applied in child education. The method used is library research with a descriptive-analytical approach, which examines various literatures from modern psychology and classical Islamic sources. The results show that Islam provides a strong conceptual foundation in understanding child development, which includes a balance between intellectual, emotional, spiritual, and moral aspects. Educational psychology in Islam also emphasizes the importance of the active role of parents, teachers, and the surrounding environment in shaping children's character and personality. Thus, the integration between modern psychological theories and Islamic values can be a strategic foothold in developing a child education system that is not only academic, but also oriented towards the formation of noble morals and character.

This research examines the implementation of social welfare through social assistance funds in Indonesia during the Covid-19 pandemic within the framework of the welfare state theory. Using a normative juridical approach with a descriptive-normative character, the study analyzes the legal foundations, the theory of justice, and utilitarianism as conceptual bases. Two approaches Statute Approach and Conceptual Approach are employed to review key regulations (Law No. 13/2011, Law No. 11/2009, Government Regulation No. 39/2012, and other implementing regulations) as well as the concepts of distributive justice, utility, and the capability principle. Secondary data consists of primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials collected through literature study and qualitatively analyzed. The findings reveal that programs such as Direct Cash Assistance (BLT), the Family Hope Program (PKH), and the Staple Food Card (Kartu Sembako) represent state interventions aimed at correcting inequality and ensuring citizens’ social rights. The application of the principles of social justice, utility, transparancy, accountability, participation, and sustainability has strengthened the legitimacy of social assistance as a redistributive instrument. However, the main challenges lie in the accuracy of the Integrated Social Welfare Data (DTKS), overlapping recipients, limited public participation, and long-term planning that remains reactive to crises. Evaluation of alignment with welfare state principles reveals that social assistance interventions have helped reduce short-term economic burdens but are not yet optimal in empowering recipients toward self-reliance. Based on these findings, it is recommended to regularly update the DTKS, enhance digitalization and data transparancy, expand participatory mechanisms, and integrate social assistance policies into long-term national development strategies. Thus, social assistance funds can serve not only as emergency aid but also as sustainable instruments to realize social justice and inclusive growth.

The background of this study is based on the absence of formal pantomime learning in the curriculum or in extracurricular activities, but the school is able to achieve achievements in pantomime competitions. This study aims to examine the pantomime teaching strategy at SMPN 1 Kawali in improving student creativity as preparation for facing pantomime competitions between students. This study uses a qualitative descriptive analytical approach with data collection techniques in the form of observation, interviews, documentation and literature studies. The subjects of this study were art and culture teachers and students who were prepared as participants in the pantomime competition. The results of this study indicate that the teaching strategies applied include: (1) Application of a scientific approach and application of the discovery learning method, experimental method, drill method, demonstration method, (2) talent search selection strategy through NMB (Nesaka Mencari Bakat) activities and dance extracurricular activities, (3) competition strategy which includes the stages of introducing basic pantomime concepts, exploring themes and storylines, designing movements and development, intensive training and periodic evaluation of student abilities in terms of expression, movement techniques and creativity. All of these strategies have been proven to be able to improve student creativity, prepare them optimally for competition, and produce achievements in pantomime competitions.                                                                                 

This Community Service was carried out in Kampung Baru,jalan Timor Raya KM 8 Kelurahan Oesao,kecamatan Kupang Timur. Kabupaten Kupang on June 16, 2025 with the aim of increasing public understanding of Financial Technology (FinTech) as part of digital financial literacy. The activity began with a pre-test to identify the community's initial knowledge, continued with the delivery of material through an interactive lecture method, a simulation of the digitalization of the payment system using QRIS, and ended with a post-test and a question and answer session. The material presented included the basic concepts of FinTech, types of digital financial services, digital security, and the benefits and risks of using financial technology. The community showed high enthusiasm, as evidenced by active participation in the discussion and increased understanding based on the results of the post-test evaluation. This PKM activity has a positive impact in raising public awareness and readiness to face the increasingly rapid digital transformation in the financial sector in the future. As a follow-up, the community is expected to be able to learn and utilize FinTech wisely in everyday life, especially in digital transactions and personal financial management.

Improving students' Biology learning outcomes is a major challenge in the learning process in high school, especially when the material taught is abstract and complex, such as the human digestive system. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the Problem-Based learning model assisted by mind mapping in improving the learning outcomes and activities of grade XI students of SMA Negeri 2 Tondano. This research is a Classroom Action Research conducted in two cycles, each consisting of two meetings. Each cycle involves planning, action execution, observation, and reflection activities, with data collection through observation, testing, and documentation. The results of the study showed a significant increase in learning activities and student learning outcomes. The average learning activity increased from 54.6% in the first cycle to 81% in the second cycle, while the percentage of completeness of learning outcomes increased from 59% to 88%. This increase is influenced by the active involvement of students in group discussions, visualisation of concepts through mind mapping, and the role of teachers as facilitators in problem-based learning. These findings indicate that the integration of the Problem-Based model with mind mapping is effective in building critical thinking skills, improving concept understanding, and encouraging active student participation. The implications of this study show the importance of implementing innovative learning strategies to improve the quality of Biology learning in secondary schools.

Conceptual understanding is an important aspect of learning biology because it reflects the extent to which students can internalize knowledge and relate it to real life. This study aims to analyse the level of understanding of the concept of biodiversity of students and identify supporting and inhibiting factors in the biology learning process. The research was conducted in class X of SMA Negeri 1 Pineleng with a descriptive qualitative approach. Data was collected through observation, written tests, questionnaires, teacher interviews, and documentation. Conceptual comprehension is measured using three main indicators: the ability to restate concepts, classify objects based on certain properties, and provide examples rather than definitions. The results showed that 87.5% of students had achieved a good level of understanding of classification indicators and giving examples, but only 50% were able to restate concepts completely. The supporting factors identified include learning motivation, parental mentoring, teacher learning strategies, and student absorption. On the other hand, barriers to understanding include lack of enthusiasm for learning, an unsupportive environment, and a lack of parental involvement. These findings confirm that the success of conceptual understanding is determined not only by cognitive aspects but also by comprehensive pedagogical and social support. This research makes an important contribution to the development of more contextual and participatory biology learning strategies, as well as opens opportunities for further research that explores the use of innovative media in strengthening conceptual understanding.

This article aims to explore the psychological values presented in the series Daily Dose of Sunshine. Released in 2023, this medical-themed series addresses mental health issues and portrays the emotional and psychological journeys of its characters. As a series that highlights mental health, it plays a significant role in raising awareness and understanding of mental health problems. The objective of this study is to examine how the series represents psychological concepts related to mental health through the depiction of various psychological disorders. The method employed in this research is descriptive qualitative. This approach is used to observe and describe data found in the Daily Dose of Sunshine series. The data analyzed includes dialogues between characters and scenes containing psychological values. The findings indicate that the series presents several types of mental disorders, such as bipolar disorder, anxiety disorder, delusions, schizophrenia, dissociative amnesia, borderline personality disorder (BPD), pseudodementia, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and depression. These disorders are conveyed through dialogues and textual elements within scenes that depict each specific mental illness. Moreover, the series also illustrates other mental health issues such as insomnia, gaslighting, self-harm, and panic attacks.

This study seeks to explore how the surrounding environment is utilized as a learning resource in science education at elementary schools and madrasah ibtidaiyah (SD/MI). A descriptive qualitative approach is applied, with data gathered through methods such as observation, interviews, and documentation. The data analysis process involves stages of data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings show that utilizing the surrounding environment enhances students' understanding of science concepts, improves learning motivation, and encourages scientific inquiry. Teachers use various natural objects such as plants, water sources, and weather phenomena as learning media. However, the research also identifies several challenges, including limited time allocation and lack of teacher creativity in optimizing environmental resources. Overall, the study concludes that integrating local environmental elements into science learning makes learning experiences more contextual, meaningful, and effective for elementary students.