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This study aims to analyze the level of environmental friendliness of the bubu fishing gear used by fishermen in Gisik Cemandi Village, Sedati District, Sidoarjo Regency, East Java. The evaluation was carried out using nine criteria for environmentally friendly fishing gear listed in the FAO 1995 Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries (CCRF), namely selectivity of fishing gear, impact on habitat, safety for fishermen, quality of catch, product safety for consumers, minimization of bycatch, impact on biodiversity, sustainability of protected species, and social acceptance in the community. This study used a survey method involving 30 fisher respondents selected using a purposive sampling technique. Data were collected through direct observation, structured interviews with questionnaires, and literature studies. Data analysis was carried out using a score weighting method based on the CCRF criteria. The results showed that the bubu fishing gear in Gisik Cemandi Village generally met the criteria as a very environmentally friendly fishing gear with a total score of 33.4 on a scale of 1–36.

It is absolutely essential to use environmentally friendly fishing gear that complies with the Code of Conduct for Responsibility (CCRF FAO 1995). This is due to the impact of using non-environmentally friendly fishing gear in the form of environmental damage. Competition between fishing gears to get maximum catches raises concerns about overfishing. Therefore, environmentally friendly fishing gear is a reference in the use of technology and fishing gear. Purse seines are a type of fishing gear that is widely operated, this fishing gear is operated with a single vessel or single Purse Seine boat. The aim of this research is to analyze the level of environmental friendliness of purse seines. Data was obtained using the interview method with 30 respondents.

This study aims to describe and analyze: Governance of BUMDes based on reinventing local government. This study uses a qualitative approach with a multiple case study design. This research was conducted in three locations with BUMDes that have different levels of performance: BUMDes Tirta Mandiri (Ponggok Village, Klaten, Central Java): For example, BUMDes are successful. Sumber Rejeki BUMDes (Sumberagung Village, Jember, East Java): As an example of BUMDes with medium performance. BUMDes Tani Makmur (Sukorejo Village, Malang Regency, East Java): As an example of BUMDes that are still developing. The data obtained were analyzed qualitatively using the thematic analysis method. The stages of data analysis are as follows: (1) Data Collection (2) Transcription and Coding: (3) Thematic Analysis: (4) Data Triangulation. The results of the study show that BUMDes Governance based on local government reinventing includes Community Participation: Encouraging active community involvement in the decision-making process. Community participation in the management of BUMDes refers to four participations, namely (1) participation in planning, (2) participation in program implementation, (3) participation in assessment and evaluation, and (4) participation in the utilization of results. Transparency in governance refers to openness in providing information related to the management of BUMDes to the public. Document accessibility available, Complete and clear information, Open management processes, Regulatory framework that ensures transparency, Information written and communicated to stakeholders. Accountability in governance refers to legal accountability, process accountability, program accountability. BUMDesa innovation as a new idea aims to initiate, improve and improve community entrepreneurship. Innovation in products and services. Innovation in BUMDes includes the creation of new products, improving the quality of existing products, and developing services that are relevant to the needs of the community and the market. Service innovation includes improving ways of providing services that are faster, more convenient, or more in line with customer needs.

This research discusses the problem where in a trial facts that cannot be taken into consideration by the panel of judges in deciding a civil case in decision Number 28/Pdt.G/2022/ PN Wates. The research was conducted to find out the reasons why the judge did not consider the evidence that had been submitted by the parties. The normative juridical research method with a conceptual approach and case approach was used to analyze the decision Number 28/Pdt.G/2022/ PN Wates as the primary data of the research and secondary data through literature study and for the process of analyzing data based on qualitative descriptive methods. The results showed that the evidence submitted by the litigants in the decision was not considered by the judge because the strength of the evidence was weak. In article 1866 of the Civil Code, evidence that can be submitted to strengthen the arguments in the lawsuit is in the form of written evidence and witness evidence. This study also states that there is a judex factie where the judge examines the facts of the trial, so that the judge can consider it in the decision. Based on this analysis, the judge has responsibility for all evidence submitted by the plaintiff to be considered in making a decision. Evidence is so important in civil trials, because it can affect the judge's confidence in making a consideration to decide a case.

This research is motivated by the symptoms of language selection in Ustazah Mumpuni Handayayekti, namely code switching and code mixing. The objectives of this study are 1) to describe the form of code switching in Ustazah Mumpuni Handayayekti's lecture, 2) to describe the factors causing code switching in Ustazah Mumpuni Handayayekti's lecture, 3) to describe the form of code mixing in Ustazah Mumpuni Handayayekti's lecture, 4) to describe the factors causing code mixing in Ustazah Mumpuni Handayayekti's lecture. This research is a qualitative descriptive research. The data source in this research is Ustazah Mumpuni Handayayekti's lecture video on Youtube. The data in this study are the speech of Ustazah Mumpuni Handayayekti which allegedly contains symptoms of code switching and code mixing. The data collection method in this research uses the listening method. As for the data collection technique, this research uses free listening and note-taking techniques. The data analysis method in this research uses the agih method. The results of this study show that there are several types of code switching and code mixing done by Ustazah Mumpuni Handayayekti. The forms of code switching found in this study are 1) internal code switching, 2) external code switching. While the form of code mix found in this study is code mix in the form of words, phrases, idioms, baster, and repetition. Factors causing code switching in Ustazah Mumpuni Handayayekti's lectures include 1) speakers, 2) speech partners, 3) to ease tension and inject humor,  4) changes in situation, and 5) changes in topic. While the factors causing code mix in Ustazah Mumpuni Handayayekti are 1) speakers, 2) limited word equivalents, 3) to generate a sense of humor, 4) to convey the message of cultural expression.

Fishing activities at Prigi Beach Trenggalek, East Java are carried out using beach seine nets fishing equipment. This research was conducted at Prigi Beach Trenggalek, East Java on December 11 - December 31 2023. The goal of this research was to determine the level of environmental friendliness of the use of beach seine nets at Prigi Beach Trenggalek, East Java. This research uses a survey method with data collection techniques using the questionnaire interview method. The environmental friendliness level analysis used includes 9 criteria for environmentally friendly fishing gear based on the Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries (CCRF). The score obtained from the calculation of the data analysis is 23.96 which means that the use of Beach Seine Nets at Prigi Beach Trenggalek East Java is environmentally friendly.

Fishing activities are very worrying, due to fishing activities using fishing gear that is not environmentally friendly and not managed well, which can trigger resource damage in the future. This research aims to analyze the status of fishing gear based on environmentally friendly fishing gear categories and fishing units in accordance with the Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries (CCRF). The research method used is a survey method and data collected through a process of field observation, interviews and questionnaires. The environmental friendliness of the Drift gillnet fishing gear has a value of 912 with a weight score of 30.40. The catches include Kembung, yellow selar, manyung, peperek, kuniran, gulamah, kerong, layur, mullet, talang-talang, tetengek, black pomfret, kurau, aru-aru, Sembilang, coral grouper, mud grouper. The catch rate value was 28 in November, while December had a catch rate value of 21,167.

This study aims to analyze the marriage agreement as an instrument of legal protection for both parties in a marriage, especially in terms of property ownership and financial responsibility. This study uses a sociological juridical method, with primary data obtained through interviews with a notary and secondary data from various legal literature, including Law Number 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage, the Civil Code, and the Constitutional Court Decision Number 69/PUU-XIII/2015. The results of the study indicate that the marriage agreement plays a role in preventing potential legal conflicts in marriage, both in monogamous and polygamous systems, and provides legal certainty for third parties, such as creditors or heirs. This agreement not only protects the rights and obligations of the husband and wife, but also ensures legal clarity in the division of assets and financial responsibility during and after the marriage.

One of the potential resources utilized in Bitung City, Aertembaga District, is the industrial area and port area. With the large number of hand line tuna fishing gear used by fishermen at the Bitung Ocean Fishing Port, it is necessary to conduct research on the level of environmental friendliness of this fishing gear which aims to identify catches and determine the level of environmental friendliness of tuna hand line fishing gear. This research was carried out at the Bitung Ocean Fishing Harbor in November – December 2024. The research used was a Quantitative Descriptive method with a survey method, namely a method of collecting, presenting and analyzing data through interviews by providing a set of questions related to aspects of environmental friendliness according to 9 criteria. which refers to the FAO Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries (CCRF) 1995 to 25 respondents. The results obtained from calculating the environmental friendliness score are 31.4, which means that the fishing method using tuna hand lines at PPS Bitung is very environmentally friendly.

The increase in online buying and selling due to government appeals during the Covid-19 pandemic has created a new habit in society, which also serves to reduce physical contact and prevent the spread of the virus. However, with the increase in delivery of goods, challenges arise in maintaining the cleanliness and safety of received packages. To address this, a smart package receiving system was developed that features automatic sterilization using ultraviolet (UV) lights and disinfectant spraying on incoming packages. This system aims to prevent the transmission of viruses that may be attached to the package. In addition, the system helps monitor and secure packages, especially when the owner is not at home. The system uses a microcontroller as the control center, equipped with an ESP32-CAM camera to document photos of the sender, as well as an ultrasonic sensor to detect whether the package is in the box or not. The process starts when the courier presses the “there is a package” button, which sends an OTP code to the receiver's Telegram. The courier enters the OTP code, places the package in the box, and closes it. After that, the UV lamp turns on for sterilization, the ESP32-CAM photographs the package, and the ultrasonic sensor detects the package status. If the package is detected, a photo notification of the sender is sent to Telegram, informing the recipient that the package is ready for pickup.  

This study examines code-switching practices in Asian professional workplaces, with a specific focus on its linguistic and cultural dimensions. Through a multidisciplinary theoretical framework incorporating Communication Accommodation Theory and Hofstede's Cultural Dimensions, the research investigates how professionals strategically employ code-switching to foster workplace inclusivity, manage hierarchical relationships, and adapt to industry-specific communication demands. The study employs a mixed-methods approach, collecting data through semi-structured interviews with 50 professionals, online surveys (n=200), and 100 hours of workplace observations across various Asian business settings. Results indicate that code-switching serves multiple functions: enhancing communication clarity (87% of respondents), reflecting and reinforcing cultural norms (73%), and mitigating power imbalances in hierarchical structures (65%). The findings underscore code-switching's strategic role in navigating multicultural professional environments, offering practical insights into effective cross-cultural communication strategies and fostering of cohesive professional interactions in Asian workplaces. This research contributes to the growing body of literature on linguistic adaptation in professional contexts and provides practical implications for managing multilingual workplaces in Asia.

This study investigates the strategic use of language in social media political campaigns, with particular emphasis on its impact on audience engagement and public discourse transformation. Through a comprehensive theoretical framework incorporating the Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis, Elaboration Likelihood Model, Critical Discourse Analysis, and Framing Theory, the research examines complex linguistic patterns, sentiment variations, and framing strategies across 10,000 campaign posts from major social media platforms. The study employs a mixed-methods approach, combining computational linguistics analysis with qualitative discourse examination. Using natural language processing tools and manual coding, researchers analyzed linguistic features including lexical choice, syntactic structures, metaphorical expressions, and rhetorical devices. Results reveal sophisticated patterns of deliberate linguistic manipulation designed to evoke specific emotional responses (72% of posts), reinforce political ideologies (65%), and adapt to temporal and platform-specific contexts (83%). The findings demonstrate that campaign language strategically evolves across different platforms, with Twitter showing more aggressive rhetoric (58%) compared to Facebook (31%) and Instagram (27%). Additionally, temporal analysis reveals significant shifts in linguistic strategies during critical campaign periods, with increased emotional language use during key political events (92% correlation). This research contributes to our understanding of digital political communication and offers practical insights for analyzing social media campaign strategies.

Environmental pollution is now a major problem in the development of science. The problem of water pollution is one of the impacts of the development of science itself. The development of environmentally friendly technology for wastewater treatment towards waste-free production is an important step in maintaining environmental sustainability. Household wastewater produced from various sectors has the potential to pollute the environment if not handled properly. The purpose of this community service is to discuss the importance of utilizing environmentally friendly technology in managing household wastewater towards waste-free production. The use of environmentally friendly technology is the main solution in dealing with household wastewater problems, with the potential to create new economic opportunities. To achieve waste-free production, cooperation is needed between the government, industrial sector, academics, and the community. At the household level, at the micro level, it is currently still lacking to meet the need for clean water due to an inadequate waste disposal system. There needs to be design innovation to minimize the impact of environmental water pollution, one of the simple environmentally friendly technologies for treating wastewater is Constructed Wetland (CW) technology. The application of Constructed Wetland (CW) for household wastewater treatment in Cibunut Village, Kebon Pisang Subdistrict, Bandung City using ornamental plants Iris (Iris pseudoacorus), Water Jasmine (Echinodorus palaefolius) and a combination of both for 2 months, showed that the combination of plants was able to reduce COD, TSS and BOD better than single plants, with efficiencies reaching 95%, 94% and 85% respectively.

This study aims to analyze the enforcement of criminal law against cyberbullying that leads to suicide in Indonesia. The research employs a normative and empirical juridical approach by examining existing regulations and analyzing cases through interviews with law enforcement officials and related parties. The findings indicate that despite cyberbullying being regulated under the ITE Law and the Criminal Code, its enforcement still faces challenges, such as difficulties in identifying perpetrators due to digital anonymity, a lack of technical understanding among law enforcement officers, and low public awareness of the serious impact of online harassment. The cases of Yoga Cahyadi in Indonesia and Hana Kimura in Japan demonstrate that cyberbullying can cause severe psychological distress, ultimately driving victims to take their own lives. In conclusion, stricter regulations are needed to classify cyberbullying as a specific criminal offense with clearer sanctions. Additionally, strengthening the capacity of law enforcement in cybercrime investigations and enhancing digital literacy education among the public are crucial preventive measures. Public awareness campaigns and collaboration between the government, social media platforms, and educational institutions are also necessary to create a safer and harassment-free digital environment.

Loading and unloading activities are activities of moving goods from sea transportation to land transportation or vice versa. The problem in this study is that ship delays often occur, resulting in delays in loading and unloading. The objectives of this study are 1) To determine the optimization of receiving and sending goods. 2) To find out how to manage goods so that they are not lost 3) To find out how to check stock so that goods in the warehouse are not damaged. This study uses a qualitative descriptive research method. This research was conducted at PT. Pelayaran Nasional Indonesia (Persero) Batam branch from February to May 2023. The data collection techniques used were observation, interviews, and documentation. While the informants in this study were operational and service staff. The results of this study are: Optimization of receipt and delivery of goods, namely a process to optimize the level of utility for receipt and delivery of goods How to manage goods that are still manual so that there is no loss / damage to goods, namely sufficient storage space because if a warehouse has sufficient storage space, the goods stored in the warehouse are more neatly arranged and give a code to each item The purpose of giving a code to each item is so that there is no mistake in taking the goods available or in the warehouse and Conducting routine recording Routine recording is carried out so that every item that comes out or comes in is always under supervision, so that when checking the goods there is no loss.  

This research aims to analyze the legal status of marriage promises within the perspective of unlawful acts (PMH) according to the Indonesian civil law system, and to examine judicial considerations in determining legal liability and compensation in cases of marriage promise breaches in Decision Number 18/Pdt.G/2023/PN Mgg. This study employs a normative approach with a case study method. The findings demonstrate that breaking a marriage promise can be qualified as an unlawful act if it meets the elements of Article 1365 of the Civil Code (KUH Perdata), namely the presence of an unlawful act, fault, damages, and causality. In Decision Number 18/Pdt.G/2023/PN Mgg, the judge ruled that the breach of marriage promise resulting in material and immaterial losses can be sued as an unlawful act. The judge's considerations include analysis of evidence, causal relationships, and the impact of damages suffered by the plaintiff. This decision emphasizes the importance of legal protection for individuals harmed by marriage promise breaches.

This research examines the influence of Auditor Experience, Training, and Understanding of the Code of Ethics on Audit Quality at Public Accounting Firms (KAP) in Bekasi. The dependent variable is Audit Quality, while the independent variable consists of Auditor Experience, Training and Understanding of the Code of Ethics.The research used a purposive sampling technique with a survey method, collecting primary data through a 1-5 Likert scale questionnaire. The research sample consisted of 101 respondents from 11 KAPs in Bekasi. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26 with the Descriptive Statistical Analysis method, Validity and Reliability Test, Classical Assumption Test, Multiple Linear Regression Test, and Hypothesis Testing. The research results show that partially, Auditor Experience and Understanding of the Code of Ethics have a significant effect on Audit Quality, while Training does not have a significant effect. Simultaneously, these three variables have a significant effect on Audit Quality.

Examination of a criminal case in a judicial process essentially aims to find the material truth, namely the complete truth of a criminal case by applying the provisions of criminal procedural law honestly and in a timely manner with the aim of finding out who the perpetrator is who can be charged with committing something. violation of law. Making a post mortem et repertum gives the full duty to the doctor as an implementer in the field to assist the prosecutor in determining the direction of the charges that will be brought against the defendant, as well as assisting the judge in finding the material truth in deciding the criminal case. This research includes normative legal research, so the legal materials used are primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials. The technique for collecting legal materials that will be used as a source in this research is library research, namely collecting legal materials by reading statutory regulations, official documents, journals, articles from the internet, and other literature that is closely related to The issues discussed are based on secondary legal materials. The presence of the Pretrial Institution provides a warning that law enforcers must be careful in carrying out their legal actions and every legal action must be based on applicable legal provisions, meaning that they must be able to exercise restraint and distance themselves from arbitrary actions. Thus, it is clear that organizing pretrial proceedings is not an easy task considering that the activities of one law enforcement agency to assess and test the work patterns of other law enforcement agencies is definitely work that must be carried out carefully and mastering all law enforcement mechanisms. The judiciary in Indonesia, one of whose tasks is to examine laws against the constitution, is what we often call judicial review. This judicial review is carried out to protect the rights of citizens who feel disadvantaged by the enactment of a law. In this case, what concerns the author is the judicial review of article 77 of the Criminal Procedure Code, which in this article is felt to be detrimental to someone who is designated as a suspect by investigators, because the article does not regulate the determination of suspects as pre-trial objects.

The CRISPR-Cas9 technique is a contemporary technology that has transformed the process of genetic modification, allowing scientists to target genomes in living organisms with precision and simplicity. Numerous practical applications of significant importance, including the introduction of new genes into living cells, are facilitated by the CRISPR-Cas9 system's advanced level of gene targeting, precision, and simplicity of use. An enigmatic process involving repeated DNA sequences in E. coli initiated the emergence of this CRISPR-Cas9 mechanism. After observing this phenomenon in bacteria, scientists initiated an investigation into its function. It was noted that E. coli employs it as a self-defence mechanism against bacteriophage attacks and plasmids. CRISPR-Cas9, a novel method for genetic modification, was created as a result of this investigation. This system has been re-engineered by scientists to be more broadly applicable, allowing for the modification of the genetic code of virtually any organism, surpassing the scope of self-defence. The CRISPR-Cas9 system-based gene editing mechanisms have the potential to produce substantial results that were previously difficult to achieve. Nevertheless, the question of genetic modification through the application of this technology prompts debates and demands for the resolution of the ethical, social, and legal issues that are associated with its application. The potential applications of the CRISPR-Cas9 system are seemingly boundless.

Pawn is one of the property rights obtained by a person who receives the goods—who provides credit—on a movable and tangible item that is handed over to him by a person who is in debt or by another person on his behalf. Pawning is a common phenomenon in many countries, especially in Indonesia. The regulations related to pawn are determined in the Civil Code, especially in Article 1150 of the Civil Code, and are further regulated in various additional articles in the Civil Code. Pawn requires the existence of two or more parties who are related to each other and agree to make a binding agreement with a certain period of time to receive and provide guarantees to an entity in return for a certain amount of money or other goods, which must then be returned in accordance with the agreement that has been made along with the surplus value that may arise as a result of added value or interest. This is an obligation that must be fulfilled by the party who owes, but the party who provides the credit also has a handful of obligations that must be fulfilled as a form of accountability for the pawned goods that are received and maintained for a certain period of time, for example, maintaining the pawned goods from potential damage or carrying out maintenance so that the pawned goods function properly. However, the party who provides the credit has the right to receive compensation or a refund of the maintenance costs incurred to maintain the pawned goods; this is regulated in Article 1157, Paragraph 2, of the Civil Code, which is a guarantee for every entity that provides credit to obtain its rights or compensation from efforts to "rescue" the pawned goods.