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: The aim of this research is to find out how legal protection is for minors as recidivists of criminal acts of theft and the causal factors in Gorontalo City. The method used is an empirical approach based on field facts, then analyzed descriptively qualitatively. The research results show that legal protection for children who are recidivists is provided during the legal process, starting from the investigation, arrest and detention stages. The legal process is carried out in accordance with the provisions of the SPPA Law, and prioritizes the needs, development and growth of children, both physically, mentally and socially. The implementation of legal protection for children who are in conflict with the law, especially for repeat criminals or recidivists, is carried out in the same way as for first-time perpetrators of other criminal acts, but the only difference is that diversion efforts are not applied to those who are recidivists. The protection carried out by the police is to fulfill children's rights in every ongoing legal process; The investigation prioritizes a family atmosphere; and Separate Detention. The cause of children becoming recidivist perpetrators of the crime of theft in Gorontalo City is environmental factors; Economy problem; There is leniency in punishment and lack of effective coaching; and Factors of legal awareness and parental negligence. Therefore, in implementing legal protection for children who commit criminal acts, especially for recidivist perpetrators, law enforcement officers are expected to pay attention to the psychological and social conditions of children, but still prioritize providing a deterrent effect so that perpetrators are afraid to repeat their crimes. These efforts include, for example, implementing existing legal procedures by fulfilling all children's rights, but still carrying out repressive action by providing sanctions as regulated in statutory regulations, and not imposing diversion on perpetrators who repeat criminal acts. Apart from that, the government and especially parents pay as much attention as possible to ensuring life for children, so that they do not become perpetrators of criminal acts such as theft. This is because children are sometimes forced to commit these crimes due to their needs not being met properly, or even due to pressure from other parties.

Bullying is any form of oppression or violence, which is carried out intentionally by a stronger person or group. The purpose of bullying is to hurt other people and is done continuously. This research aims to explore the impact of bullying on individual mental health, especially in children and adolescents. A qualitative approach is used to understand the experiences and perceptions of bullying victims, as well as the psychological and social impacts they have. Through in-depth interviews with bullying victims, parents, teachers and school staff, as well as participatory observation in the school environment, data was collected and analyzed using thematic analysis techniques. Findings show that victims of bullying often experience depression, anxiety, sleep disorders, and feelings of insecurity and protection in the school environment

The aim of this research is because researchers want to provide children with an understanding of concrete behavior according to what is done, not just in theory, but actually done so that our students can get meaningful learning.How students are able to explore their physical maturity through physical motor activities coordinating their body parts. By carrying out activities that are able to explore all their physical activities, both fine motor skills and gross motor skills, by carrying out activities concretely (lifelong learning).The author's aim for this research activity is to be able to see the results of differentiated learning for students at their institution. Researchers can see what changes occur after the researcher carries out the real action. Then they can take action for what follow-up action will be taken after the activity.Researchers also apply inquiry learning to activate the learning provided to students at their institution, by asking questions that can stimulate the development of their ability to think or solve existing problems, and they can think creatively in collaboration with their friends in carrying out an activity.Examining the theory of physical motor development and how to overcome problems with physical motor development. examines the physical motor development program for early childhood which includes gross and fine motor skills, as well as health and safety behavior so that children have physical and mental health as well as the ability to coordinate, flexibility, balance, speed, agility and strength through various movement stimulation so that children from an early age have good motor control to accelerate neurological maturity which encourages the growth and development of children's potential which leads to optimal and better readiness to learn at the next stage by implementing base learning projects.  

This study examines the strategies and implications of online learning for children with intellectual disabilities during the COVID-19 pandemic. Children with special needs, including those with intellectual disabilities, require education tailored to their unique needs. This research uses a literature review method, prioritizing research articles published in the last 5 years to gather relevant data on distance learning and effective strategies for children with intellectual disabilities. The COVID-19 pandemic has forced a shift from face-to-face to online learning, posing significant challenges for children with intellectual disabilities who have difficulty with logical thinking and require direct interaction to understand material. Online learning offers advantages such as time flexibility and the use of technology, but also has drawbacks such as a lack of direct interaction, resulting in a limited understanding of the material. Parents play a crucial role in supporting children during online learning, but they face challenges such as limited knowledge and motivation from the child. This study found that parents often struggle to explain material to their children and maintain their learning motivation. To overcome these obstacles, recommended strategies include the use of simple language, repetitive explanations, and real-life examples. Online learning also brings children and parents closer, allowing parents to better understand their child's nature and create a closer relationship. In conclusion, support from family and teachers is essential to enhancing the effectiveness of online learning for children with intellectual disabilities, and adapting appropriate strategies can help overcome various challenges encountered during the online learning process during the pandemic.

The author conducted a practicum at the Murah Hati Masyarakat Indonesian Orphanage. The practice carried out by the author is to research the problems experienced by orphanage children. The problems experienced by orphanage children are the lack of interest in reading orphanage children so that they experience difficulties in learning and lack of confidence. From these problems, the author is interested and makes a goal to increase the interest in reading and counting orphanage children by creating a mini project, namely a reading corner. The author uses the stages of social groupwork in his research from the preparation stage to the termination stage. After doing all the stages of social groupwork, the results are expected by the author so that the orphanage children can continue their interest in reading and counting so that they do not have difficulties in learning and increase their knowledge and confidence to socialize.

Children with special needs are children who require special attention both physically and mentally due to developmental disorders during their growing years. There are several types of children with special needs, one of which is autism. Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder that makes it difficult for children with autism to perform daily activities such as communication and interaction. This practice is designed for children with special needs with the aim of controlling their emotions and training their concentration using the method of threading bead bracelets. During a two-month implementation period, the results showed that this method successfully trained the patience and concentration of children with autism.

Bullying is any form of bullying or violence that is intentionally perpetrated by a stronger individual or group of people with the aim of inflicting physical, emotional, or psychological harm on others. Bullying can occur anywhere, including at school, and can be carried out by teachers, students, or adults in the school environment. Many cases of bullying today attract the attention of practitioners to intervene with victims of bullying. One of them is MR, a junior high school student who is a victim of bullying at his school. He often received treatment that indicated bullying from classmates. Through this activity, practitioners are interested in intervening with MR (client) regarding the bullying case he experienced. The purpose of this activity is to examine the causes of bullying against clients and help make behavioral changes in clients such as communication skills and increased self-confidence. The method used is casework intervention in identifying client problems. The results showed that the client became more confident when communicating with others and speaking in front of people and began to dare to defend himself if he received treatment that indicated bullying.

Pembelajaran berbasis kritis diakui sebagai pendekatan yang efektif untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir analitis dan pemahaman teks akademik pada anak usia dini. Studi ini bertujuan mengevaluasi efektivitas strategi ini dalam konteks pendidikan Indonesia, di mana minat baca dan kemampuan literasi masih rendah. Metode yang digunakan meliputi tinjauan literatur dan observasi lapangan di TK Kartika 1-1. Tinjauan literatur menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran berbasis kritis dapat meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis dan pemahaman teks akademik, dengan anak-anak yang terlibat dalam aktivitas kritis menunjukkan kemampuan analitis, sintesis, dan evaluasi yang lebih baik. Observasi lapangan mendukung temuan ini, menunjukkan peningkatan signifikan dalam kemampuan membaca dan memahami teks akademik, serta partisipasi aktif dalam diskusi kelas. Guru melaporkan bahwa strategi ini tidak hanya meningkatkan pemahaman siswa tetapi juga motivasi dan keterlibatan mereka dalam proses pembelajaran. Penelitian ini menyarankan pentingnya integrasi strategi pembelajaran berbasis kritis dalam kurikulum pendidikan anak usia dini, serta pelatihan yang memadai bagi guru untuk mengimplementasikan pendekatan ini. Meski hasilnya menjanjikan, diperlukan penelitian lebih lanjut dengan sampel lebih besar untuk memastikan generalisasi temuan ini di berbagai konteks pendidikan anak usia dini diIndonesia.

Kesehatan gigi merupakan bagian dari kesehatan yang dapat memengaruhi kesehatan tubuh lainnya. Menjaga kesehatan gigi sangat penting untuk dilakukan, karena kualitas hidup seseorang akan terganggu akibat dari masalah kesehatan gigi yang tidak ditangani dengan baik. Masalah-masalah kesehatan yang sering terjadi pada anak usia sekolah dasar adalah peyakit yang berhubungan dengan kebersihan diri anak dan lingkungan seperti gosok gigi yang baik dan benar (saputra, 2023, at all (Fatmawati 2018). Karies gigi merupakan permasalahan gigi yang sering timbul tidak hanya pada orang dewasa tetapi juga dialami oleh anak-anak. Oranl hygiene yang buruk dapat menjadi salah satu faktor resiko terjadinya karies. Metode kegiatan dengan pelaksanaan adalah penyuluhan dengan menggunakan media  dan pemeriksaan gigi, adapun sasaran sebayak 38 orang anak SD PAB 22 Patumbak Kecamatan Patumbak. Berdasarkan hasil pemeriksaan  data DMF-T ada 77 karies gigi  yaitu sebesar 2,0, berarti kondisi ini termasuk kategori buruk

Drugs and promiscuity are one of the problem faced in Indonesia and are increasingly growing. Drug use is not only used among adults but has now spread among teenagers and young children. Drug use will not be far from promiscuity, especially among teenagers and school children, so many get married at young age. Socialization of sex education learning and prevention of naroctics use ini early childhood at Amerta school is a community service activity carried out at Amerta school located ini Rongsok Village, Bintara, West Bekasi in May 2024. The aim of this activity to equip and make children aware of the importance maintain their welfare and dignity by means of self- protection and also increase and also increase knowledge about the side effects of narcotics use.

This research aims to analyze the influence of family environment interactions on the social-emotional behavior of early childhood. The aim of this research is to find out how much influence family environment interactions have on the social-emotional behavior of early childhood. The method used is meta-analysis, by describing the results of analysis from various studies that have been published nationally in Indonesia, then calculating the effect size. The research sample consisted of ten articles published in accredited national journals in the 2017-2021 period. The instrument used is a coding sheet containing data and information on findings from each article. The results of the analysis show that the average correlation value between family environment interactions and early childhood social-emotional behavior is 0.71, which is included in the high category. These findings indicate that interactions in the family environment have a significant influence on the development of social-emotional behavior in early childhood, and play an important role in forming positive behavior in children.

Sexual violence is an incident that cannot be separated from women and children. The rise in incidents of sexual violence against women and children in the city of Kupang is a fluctuating phenomenon. The Kupang City Police PPA Unit noted that, in 2021 there were 42 cases of violence against women and children, in 2022 it decreased to 39 cases, and increased in 202 to 42 cases. This research aims to determine the factors that cause sexual violence against women and children, and determine the obstacles to solving criminal acts of sexual violence against women and children in Kupang City, as well as efforts to overcome them. This research uses empirical juridical methods, with the type of data used being primary data based on the results of interviews and documentation, as well as secondary data used to complement primary data. The results of this research show that (1) The factors causing sexual violence behavior are sexual desire, lack of sex education, social and environmental factors, and misuse of technology. (2) Obstacles experienced in resolving cases of sexual violence include insufficient evidence, individual factors, and the perpetrator running away. (3) The countermeasures that have been carried out are in the form of preemptive, preventive and repressive measures.

Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk memperkenalkan K3 dalam bentuk edukasi agar dapat membantu siswa mengidentifikasi bahaya di lingkungan sekolah, mengembangkan kebiasaan yang baik tentang keselamatan dan kesehatan, membantu anak-anak memahami pentingnya menjaga keselamatan dan kesehatan diri sendiri dan orang lain, membantu untuk meningkatkan kualitas hidup siswa dengan mengurangi risiko kecelakaan dan cedera, serta meningkatkan kesehatan, dan juga meningkatkan kesejahteraan. Metode pendekatan yang digunakan dalam kegiatan pengabdian meliputi sosialisasi, diskusi dan tanya-jawab, dilanjutkan dengan pemasangan display. Dari hasil evaluasi melalui pre-test dan post-test terdapat peningkatan pengetahuan dan pemahaman siswa sebesar 92% setelah kegiatan, juga terdapat display tentang K3 di lokasi sekolah sebagai pengingat dan pemberi petunjuk. Kegiatan berlangsung lancar dan sesuai dengan target dan tujuan.

Tujuan  pengabdian masyarakat adalah pengenalan metode dan teknologi tepat guna  dengan metode akuamber  untuk teknik memadukan  usaha bertanam sayur mayur  dengan budidaya ikan dalam wadah ember.  Pelaksanaan  kegiatan di lahan  sempit, pekarangan  dan masih terkena sinar matahari karena tanaman sayuran dan ikan membutuhkan sinar matahari.   Hasil usaha dapat dimanfaatkan konsumsi, peningkatan gizi bagi Balita dan anak  serta anggota keluarga yang lain. Bahkan dapat dikonsumsi bersama dalam kegiatan rukun tetangga (RT/RW) dan kegiatan PKK sebagai usaha swadaya masyarakat.  Keberlanjutan kegiatan  PPM kepada  kelompok sasaran  dapat meningkatkan ketahanan pangan keluarga dengan menerapkan aplikasi probiotik pada budidaya polikultur antara ikan dan tanaman sayuran skala rumah tangga.

This journal aims to identify language development strategies and indicators of success in receptive and expressive language in early childhood. This type of research is qualitative descriptive research, research using library research or library research methods. In conducting library research as part of this research, researchers used various written sources, namely books, articles, magazines and other documents related to the research problem. There are several languages that need to be developed in children, including receptive language and expressive language. Receptive language involves the ability to distinguish between meaningful and meaningless sounds, receptive language is the ability to listen and read. Children's expressive language is the ability to express verbal and nonverbal language. Based on the research results, several strategies can help develop receptive language, namely: (1) storytelling activities; (2) Flash cards; (3) Language games (word practice, listen-do, listen-guess, whisper and tell stories). And some strategies to help develop children's expressive language are: (1) Finger puppet play; (2) Role play.

In the 2024 election, various child protection institutions reminded the importance of creating child-friendly elections. Exploitation of children in political activities, especially election campaigns, is a serious violation of children's rights and is contrary to the Child Protection Law and the Convention on the Rights of the Child. To protect children's rights, a strategy involving strict law enforcement is needed against violations involving children in political campaigns. In addition, the school environment plays an active role by providing extracurricular activities and study groups to fill children's free time, as well as providing an understanding of the role of parents in protecting children from political activities that are not appropriate for their age and development. With a normative approach, namely by researching library materials or can be said to be library research. a comprehensive understanding of child exploitation in elections, namely covering; first, we will discuss various forms of child exploitation in the context of elections; secondly, it will explore the impact of child exploitation on children themselves as well as on the democratic process more broadly. Final; The third will present recommendations and strategies to protect children's rights and reduce exploitative practices in elections. Cooperation between the government, political parties and society is needed to prevent and take action against these violations. Public education about the dangers of involving children in political activities is needed to increase public awareness, especially parents, about the importance of protecting children from political exploitation.

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tentang Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini (PAUD). Guru Pendamping mempunyai peranan penting dan setara dengan guru kelas atau guru inti. Guru pendamping tersebut juga memiliki kompetensi pedagogik, sebagaimana yang tertuang pada Peraturan Mendikbud bernomor 137 Tahun 2014. Namun pada kenyataanya peran guru Pendamping dinilai masih belum efektif dalam membantu memberikan layanan dan meningkatkan mutu pembelajaran peserta didik. Kajian ini bertujuan guna mengungkapkan tentang guru Pendamping dalam memberikan layanan meningkatkan kualitas  pembelajaran pada anak. Subjek pada kajian ini melibatkan 5 orang guru pendamping. Pendekatan kualitatif berjenis studi kasus digunakan pada kajian ini. Teknik pengumpulan datanya melalui interviu, pengamatan, serta dokumentasi. Adapun analisis data dalam penelitian ini yakni reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan simpulan. Berdasarkan hasil kajian dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwasanya peran guru pendamping sangat efektif terhadap kualitas pembelajaran dengan terpenuhinya beberapa indikator perencanaan, pelaksanaan, serta evalusi pembelajaran dimana guru pendamping dalam hal menguasai kelas, meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran, dan meningkatkan hasil belajar sudah berada dalam kategori baik.

This research aims to find out how the legal validity of electronic sales and purchase agreements made by minors is reviewed in contract law and Law Number 19 of 2016 concerning electronic information and transactions and what legal consequences arise from the legal validity of electronic sales and purchase agreements. What Minors Do According to Contract Law and Law Number 19 of 2016 concerning Information and Electronic Transactions. Normative legal research uses normative case studies in the form of legal behavioral products, for example reviewing laws. The subject of the study is law which is conceptualized as a norm or rule that applies in society and becomes a reference for everyone's behavior. So normative legal research focuses on positive law inventory, legal principles and doctrine, legal discovery in cases in concreto, legal systematics, synchronization level, legal comparison and legal history. The results of this research show that (1) Agreements in electronic transactions via electronic media made by minors are said to be invalid because they conflict with the conditions for the validity of agreements in the Civil Code and the Electronic Information and Transactions Law (2) The legal consequences of agreements in electronic transactions via electronic media for minors for legal settlement efforts can only be carried out through guardianship. If minors do not meet the subjective requirements, namely the ability to make an agreement, the agreement made can be cancelled.

The activities of Dedication to the Society (PkM) with the aim of educating the children of Sekami in the Waitiu Parish of St. Alfonsus Maria de Liguori Lewotala are important activities for shaping the character of children of the Sekami. This is done because today many Sekami children are trapped in life behaviors that deviate from Christian teachings like stealing, making dirty words, disrespecting parents, teachers and peers, not engaging in spiritual activities and so on. The activity aims to cultivate and shape the character of the Sekami children in the Waitiu Parish of St. Alfonsus Maria de Liguori Lewotala through religious education activities. The method in this devotional activity is in the form of cultivation and education to the children of Sekami through presence, involvement and also sharing of faith. This dedication takes place every Saturday afternoon in May 2024. The result of this activity is the children of the Waitiu Parish of St. Alfonsus Maria de Liguori Lewotala.becoming increasingly aware and growing in himself the Christian character of life by engaging in various activities programmed by animators-animatrists in order to make himself a superior human being later on who is firmly attached to Christian teachings.

Chronic kidney failure is a serious health problem that not only attacks adults, but can also develop since childhood. One of the main risk factors is unhealthy living habits, including lack of personal hygiene, consumption of unhealthy food, and minimal physical activity. In order to increase awareness regarding the importance of a clean and healthy lifestyle among children, health education efforts are needed from an early age, especially in schools as an environment where children spend a lot of time. Many children do not understand the relationship between personal hygiene, diet and kidney health. Based on the results of interviews with teachers and school health staff, there are several unhealthy behaviors among students, such as rarely washing their hands, excessive consumption of sweet drinks, and low daily physical activity. In addition, only a few students understand the importance of maintaining hydration and adequate water intake for kidney health. This outreach activity will be carried out in several stages, including counseling about the importance of a clean and healthy lifestyle, demonstrations teaching correct hand washing and distribution of leaflets about information on a clean and healthy lifestyle.