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The handling of terrorism crimes in Indonesia requires a balance between safeguarding the rights of perpetrators as individuals entitled to human rights and fulfilling the rights of victims affected by such acts of violence. This study aims to evaluate how human rights protections for terrorism suspects are upheld during legal proceedings, as well as how the state strives to protect and rehabilitate victims of terrorism under Law No. 5 of 2018 on the Eradication of Criminal Acts of Terrorism. Using a normative juridical approach, this research analyzes a case study based on the North Jakarta District Court’s Decision No. 1580/Pid.Sus.Terrorism/2020/PN.Jkt.Utr. The findings indicate that terrorism suspects are granted fair legal treatment, including the right to defense, a fair trial, and protection from torture, in accordance with the principle of non-derogable rights under international human rights law. On the other hand, Law No. 5 of 2018 establishes a clearer and more comprehensive legal framework to ensure victims' rights, including rehabilitation, compensation, and restitution. However, the implementation of victim protections still faces various technical and administrative challenges. This study recommends strengthening mechanisms for victim protection and enhancing legal enforcers' awareness of human rights principles in handling terrorism cases.  

The use of AI by students is increasingly widespread and changing the way they learn and interact with course materials. This community service aims to provide socialization and education to UKM futsal students while promoting student rights, increasing student understanding of meta AI technology in education, as well as its potential positive and negative effects, and recognizing the importance of using certain meta AI technologies. Meta provides generative AI technology that drives the experience of using AI available through WhatsApp. Meta AI results will certainly be produced by AI as a form of response to users. The activity is carried out through socialization with discussion and lecture methods as well as questions and answers. The delivery material is in the form of slides that are displayed during the activity and sent to participants. This activity also includes assessing the level of participant understanding of meta AI technology.

Domestic helpers (DWs) play a vital role in sustaining household life in urban areas, yet their legal position in the Indonesian labour system remains marginal and vulnerable, without adequate legal protection. This research aims to analyse juridically normatively the legal position of domestic workers within the framework of national labour law and identify regulatory gaps and structural barriers that hinder the protection of their basic rights. Using a literature study method and a normative juridical approach, this research examines legislation, legal doctrine, and recent scientific literature. The analysis shows that Law No. 13 Year 2003 does not recognise domestic workers as formal workers, and Permenaker No. 2 Year 2015 is non-binding, creating a legal vacuum that results in vulnerability to exploitation, discrimination, and human rights violations. The absence of special regulations such as the PPRT Bill and the non-ratification of ILO Convention No. 189 exacerbate structural injustice against domestic workers. This research concludes that the legal protection of domestic workers is very weak normatively and practically, so regulative reform is needed through the enactment of special laws and harmonisation of national laws with international human rights standards in order to create a fair, inclusive and social justice-based employment system.

Athis study explores the optimization of labor inspection to ensure legal protection for the fulfillment of workers’ rights in Indonesia. Despite existing regulations, violations of labor rights frequently occur due to weak enforcement. Using a qualitatibe descriptive method through literature review, this research highlights issues such as the PT GNI case that demonstrate inadequate preventive and enforcement actions by labor inspectors. The study recommends strengthening labor inspection through preventive and repressive measures, the use of technology, community-based monitoring, and the implementation of transparent and accountable oversight principles. These findings aim to provide recommendations for the government to enhance the labor inspection system for better protection and legal enforcement for workers.

In Aceh, the provision of guidance is regulated in Articles 5 and 6 of Gubenur Regulation Number 139 of 2016, which states that the main task and function of the Civil Service Police Unit and Wilayatul Hisbah Aceh is the guidance function. Article 1 point 14 of Qanun Number 7 Year 2013 on Jinayat Procedure Law states that the function of Wilayatul Hisbah (WH) is to socialise, supervise, enforce, and foster the implementation of Islamic Sharia. Therefore, there is a problem of interpreting the authority of coaching carried out by Satpol PP and WH of Lhokseumawe City. This study aims to determine the legal basis for the coaching of suspected jarimah violators by Satpol PP and WH of Lhokseumawe City and the legal consequences of coaching suspected jarimah violators without going through the judicial process carried out by Satpol PP and WH of Lhokseumawe City. The research method used is empirical juridical. Data sources are obtained through interviews with respondents and informants. The results of this study indicate that the coaching carried out by Satpol PP and WH of Lhokseumawe city against suspected jarimah violators does not have a clear legal basis. The coaching carried out is only based on a statement signed by the alleged jarimah violator during the investigation and the legal consequences of coaching against jarimah offenders by Satpol PP and WH of Lhoseumawe City without going through the judicial process is carried out without a legal basis which results in serious legal consequences such as the coaching is not legally valid (can be cancelled), violates human rights, and can be sued civilly or criminally prosecuted and reduces public confidence in Sharia law.

PT. Taspen is engaged in the field of Pension Insurance and Old Age Benefits with financial management and reliable services as well as quality insurance products. The purpose of this service is to assist the pension archive management process at Malang Branch. This service is descriptive using observation, interviews, documentation and literature studies. The analysis uses literature studies and direct observations in the field. Administrative activities in the service division are managing, receiving, producing and storing files into archives. Pension archive management plays an important role so that it must be in accordance with established procedures. Pension archives consist of submissions of pension participant rights claims that are stored so as to determine the smoothness of the service process for pension participants. The more files that are collected and stored, the more important archive management is in its role as a source of information that is orderly and neat, making the tasks of the service section for pension participants able to run smoothly and on time. The result of the service is a pension archive management system including receiving archives in the form of file sorting, sorting archive numbers, sterilizing archives, weeding files, scanning, Compressing and ELO (Electronic Leitz Ordner), and storing archives. The storage of archives is carried out by arranging the file boxes on the archive rack according to the archive number listed on the map. The activities of borrowing and rediscovering archives are carried out according to the archive number needed in the participant service process. And another activity is the destruction of pension archives carried out by the general section if they are no longer needed.

This study examines the economic thought of Abu Ubaid al-Qasim bin Sallam as presented in his seminal work Kitab al-Amwal, with a particular focus on public finance within the framework of Islamic economics. Abu Ubaid emphasized the importance of distributive justice and the balance between individual rights, society, and the state in managing public wealth. He outlined various fiscal instruments such as zakat, kharaj, jizyah, fa’i, ‘usyur, and khumus as sources of state revenue that must be administered in accordance with sharia principles. In addition, his views on agrarian policies (such as iqtha’, ihya al-mawat, and hima) and the function of money demonstrate a strong relevance to a just and sustainable modern economic system. This research employs a qualitative approach using literature review as its primary method. The findings reveal that Abu Ubaid’s economic concepts are not only contextually relevant to the Abbasid era but also remain applicable in addressing contemporary challenges in public finance and wealth distribution, particularly in strengthening zakat governance in Indonesia.  

Tax law is a branch of public law that governs the relationship between the state and taxpayers in terms of tax collection. In the context of modern taxation systems, tax law not only encompasses the legal basis for tax imposition but also includes the set of rules and regulations that underpin its implementation and enforcement. This article aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the concept of tax law, the fundamental principles of taxation, the types of taxes according to legislation, and the development of tax regulations currently enforced in Indonesia. Using a normative approach, this article analyzes the legal foundations of taxation such as the General Provisions and Tax Procedures Law (UU KUP), as well as supporting legislation including the Law on Harmonization of Tax Regulations (UU HPP). The discussion also covers the principle of fairness in taxation, the authority of the Directorate General of Taxes, and the rights and obligations of taxpayers. With a robust legal framework and continuously updated regulations, the tax system is expected to provide legal certainty, improve compliance, and create a fair and sustainable system.

This study uses a qualitative method with a normative legal approach that aims to analyze legal protection for victims of Information and Electronic Transactions (ITE) crimes, especially in cases of the distribution of digital pornographic content. The rampant distribution of pornographic content through digital platforms is a serious threat to the privacy rights and dignity of victims, especially women and children. In the context of law in Indonesia, protection for victims has been regulated in several laws and regulations such as Law Number 19 of 2016 concerning Amendments to the ITE Law and the Criminal Code (KUHP). However, the implementation of this protection still faces various obstacles, includeing weak law enforcement, limited understanding of victims’ rights, and the suboptimal role of witness and victim protection institutions. Through literature studies and analysis of court decisions, this study found that legal protection is still reactive and has not been optimal in preventing and restoring victims’ losses as a whole. Therefore, a more responsive policy reformulation and strengthening of digital literacy are needed as strategic preventive measures.

The Industrial Design Rights of the Koper Generator have been revoked based on the Decision of the Central Jakarta Commercial Court No. 78/Pdt.Sus-HKI/Desain Industri/2023/PN.Niaga,Jkt.Pst. However, even though the registration of the Koper Generator Industrial Design has been revoked, the rights holder continues to exercise his economic rights, thereby causing real losses to the Plaintiff. Therefore, the Plaintiff filed a lawsuit for infringement of industrial design rights and a claim for compensation. The decision on the lawsuit basically rejected the Plaintiff's lawsuit, on the grounds that the Plaintiff did not have legal standing to file a lawsuit for infringement of industrial design rights and a claim for compensation.Based on the results of the study, it was found that legal protection for related parties or parties interested in industrial design rights is only related to filing a lawsuit for cancellation of industrial design rights, but cannot reach legal protection to file a lawsuit for infringement of industrial design rights and a claim for compensation; Legal considerations of the Panel of Judges of the Commercial Court in case No. 76/Pdt.Sus-Hki/Desain Industri/2023/PN.Niaga.Jkt.Pst, is not appropriate, because it does not consider the fact of bad faith from the Defendants who continue to exercise their industrial design rights, even though their industrial design rights (Genset Koper) have been revoked by a court decision. The fact of direct losses suffered by the Plaintiff is not taken into consideration. This can make the judge's decision based on formalistic or procedural justice.

All humans have human rights not because of gifts given to them by society or based on applicable positive law, but because they are human beings. Human rights violations if committed by anyone will be reciprocated by anyone whose rights are taken. As is happening now, human rights violations committed by the state of Israel against Palestine are a form of taking away other people’s rights, especially the right to life and live in safety. Actions such as blockades, evictions, restrictions on mobility, and armed attacks have raised serious concerns from the international community regarding violations of international humanitarian law. This study uses a descriptive-analytical approach to evaluate the extent to which these security policies exceed the principles of civilian protection. It obtains a conclusion that security concepts is often used in defense of act that are against international norms and agreements after analyzing government reports, data from human rights organizations, and UN resolutions. These findings point the value of achieving a balance between state objectives and human rights protection as part of a sustainable security policy in the context of strategic security studies.

This study is motivated by the ongoing debate regarding the application of the death penalty to perpetrators of corruption in Indonesia, particularly in relation to the protection of human rights as stipulated in Law Number 39 of 1999. The purpose of this research is to explain the extent to which the death penalty can be appropriately and proportionally applied to corruptors while considering human rights principles. This study employs a normative legal approach focused on the analysis of statutory regulations and relevant legal literature. The data is analyzed using a qualitative juridical method, emphasizing a normative review of applicable positive law. The findings reveal a discrepancy between the imposition of the death penalty for corruption crimes and the right to life guaranteed by Indonesia’s human rights legal instruments. The implication of this research highlights the need to reconsider the policy of capital punishment for corrupt practices to ensure alignment with the principles of justice, humanity, and respect for human rights within the national legal system.  

Child protection in Indonesia is not fully optimal, so bullying occurs in all age groups, especially children. Knowing legal protection by comparing H.R. Muslim No. 4650 and Article 76A of Law No. 35 of 2014 concerning Child Protection. The author takes a qualitative approach with a normative analysis of Islamic legal doctrines and positive legal provisions. The results of the study show that the prohibitions listed in Muslim Hadith No. 4650 and Law Number 35 of 2014 concerning Child Protection are a strong basis in efforts to protect every child which emphasizes the importance of maintaining dignity and rights among others. Despite the differences in the types of punishments imposed, both still aim to stop the occurrence of bullying in the future as one of the efforts to realize child protection.

This study discusses the importance of ethics in educational research, which serves as the fundamental basis for maintaining scientific integrity and protecting the rights of research subjects. The study aims to examine the principles of research ethics in education, the challenges faced in its implementation, and solutions to ensure compliance with ethical standards. This research employs a literature review method by analyzing various relevant sources. The findings indicate that the key principles of research ethics in education include respect for research subjects, maintaining privacy and data confidentiality, upholding objectivity, and ensuring transparency in reporting results. Common challenges encountered include protecting participants' rights, avoiding bias, and managing conflicts of interest that may affect research validity. Therefore, researchers must possess a high level of awareness and responsibility to ensure that their research provides positive benefits for academia and society at large

Sexual harassment cases in university environments have become a serious issue that not only harms victims physically and psychologically but also undermines academic and humanitarian values. This article aims to analyze the implementation of legal aid services in addressing criminal acts of sexual harassment within higher education institutions, particularly in terms of victim protection, legal assistance, and the restoration of victims’ rights. This study employs an empirical or socio-legal approach by examining existing legal regulations and the practical implementation of legal services by campus-based legal aid institutions. The findings reveal that although several universities have established task forces or sexual violence service units, their implementation still faces challenges such as limited resources, low legal awareness, and a prevailing culture of silence among students. Therefore, institutional strengthening, continuous awareness campaigns, and victim-centered campus policies are necessary to ensure comprehensive access to justice. Legal aid services must not only be reactive but also preventive and educational, as part of a broader effort to create a safe and violence-free academic environment.  

This research aims to examine the gap in legal protection for domestic workers in Indonesia through an analysis of Law No. 13 of 2003 on Manpower and ILO Convention No. 189 on Decent Work for Domestic Workers. Until now, domestic workers have not been explicitly recognized in national regulations, so their basic rights such as living wages, social security, and humane working hours are often neglected. This condition is exacerbated by the absence of written work contracts, the dominance of informal recruitment, and the view of the community that does not consider domestic workers as formal workers. This article concludes that the ratification of ILO Convention 189 and the passing of the Domestic Workers Protection Bill are strategic steps to strengthen legal protection for domestic workers in Indonesia, which also needs to be supported by labor inspection and comprehensive legal education.

Restoration for victims of criminal acts is an essential aspect of the judicial system that is often overlooked. Law enforcement efforts tend to focus on perpetrators, while victims' rights, including physical, psychological, and financial recovery, remain neglected. The case of Een's murder and arson serves as an example where restitution and compensation rights were not clearly accommodated in legal proceedings. This article aims to examine the legal procedures available to victims or their families in obtaining restoration rights. The discussion includes criminal law aspects such as restitution and compensation based on Law No. 13 of 2006 jo. Law No. 31 of 2014 on Witness and Victim Protection, as well as the Criminal Procedure Code (KUHAP). Additionally, this article highlights the civil law route through lawsuits based on Article 1365 of the Civil Code regarding unlawful acts (KUHAPER). With a normative juridical approach and internship experience at the Legal Consultation and Assistance Clinic of Trunojoyo Madura University, this article is expected to contribute to strengthening victims' rights within the Indonesian legal system through the available legal avenues, both criminal and civil.

Trade secrets are an important part of Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) that play a strategic role in maintaining a company's competitive advantage. Protecting information that is not generally known, has economic value, and is kept confidential is very important, especially in the midst of globalization and technological advances that increase the risk of information leakage. Law No. 30 of 2000 concerning Trade Secrets is the main legal basis in Indonesia, in line with international agreements such as WTO/TRIPS. This research uses normative juridical methods to analyze trade secret legal protection, including based on property rights theory, contract theory, and tort theory. In addition, the role of employment contract clauses that regulate obligations to maintain confidentiality and prohibitions on working for competing companies after termination are discussed as preventive strategies. This research confirms the importance of awareness and concrete legal steps from business owners to protect their trade secrets effectively.

Hybrid Warfare strategy is a modern strategy that combines military elements and all non-military elements used by Russia against Ukraine that continues to occur. The ongoing conflict between Russia and Ukraine has implications not only regionally but also globally. This study uses a qualitative method with a literature review approach showing global implications in the field of geopolitical security, especially cyber threats for several countries. The war that occurred also had implications for food supplies and weakened global trade so that Russia received economic sanctions. The humanitarian crisis began to occur as a result of the lack of food supplies and the war that continued to claim victims including human rights violations.

Child marriage in Indonesia is still a serious problem despite regulations that limit the minimum age of marriage. The revision of Law No. 16/2019 sets the minimum age at 19 years, but the practice of marriage dispensation has actually increased. This phenomenon reflects the gap between formal legality and social reality which is influenced by factors such as low education, patriarchal culture, conservative religious interpretations, social pressure, and poverty. Dispensation for marriage is often granted without an in-depth assessment of the child's readiness, ignoring the principle of the best interests of the child. Law enforcement has not been effective due to the lack of legal literacy, weak supervision, and the dominance of local values. Prevention efforts require an interdisciplinary approach through reproductive health education, strengthening social protection, community participation, and synergy between institutions. Therefore, the elimination of child marriage must be a strategic policy based on the transformation of social norms and the protection of children's rights in a holistic and sustainable manner within the framework of gender perspective development and social justice.