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Education is a complex and structured process that functions as part of a mutually supporting system. This article discusses education as a system and outlines the main components that make it up. Education is seen as a system consisting of interconnected elements, such as educational goals, students, educators, curriculum, facilities, learning methods, and environment. Each element has a complementary role to achieve educational goals optimally. This article also emphasizes the importance of synergy and balance between these components so that the education system can run effectively in various contexts, whether formal, non-formal or informal. With a systems-based approach, education is not only understood as a learning process, but also as a strategy for building competent and characterful individuals. This study provides conceptual guidance for practitioners and policy makers to design an education system that is flexible and able to face global challenges.

The Merdeka Curriculum is a new innovation in the Indonesian education system which aims to give students the freedom to learn and emphasizes the importance of building character and moral values. This study investigates how a free curriculum contributes to the moral formation of students in elementary schools. Relevant sources, such as books, scientific articles and educational policy documents, were collected and analyzed through the literature study method in this research. This research found that a free curriculum, with a more contextual learning approach and involving students' active participation in real activities such as collaborative projects and extracurricular activities, helps students understand moral values ​​and apply them in everyday life. It is proven that parental and community involvement is also an important component in building student character. This research found that the free curriculum not only focuses on improving students' academic achievement but also strengthens moral and ethical values. Therefore, continuous development of this curriculum is necessary to achieve broad educational goals. It is hoped that this research will help educators, policy makers and other researchers improve the quality of education in Indonesia by providing guidance for maximizing the curriculum to achieve more comprehensive educational goals.

Guidance and counseling have a very important role in supporting students' social emotional development, especially at the elementary school level. This service not only helps students understand themselves, but also develops social skills, increases self-confidence, and prepares them to face various challenges in educational and social environments. This research aims to analyze the impact of guidance and counseling on students' social emotional development using the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method. With a descriptive approach, this research examines various relevant and current literature to provide a deeper understanding of the effectiveness of guidance and counseling services in elementary schools. The research results show that the consistent application of guidance and counseling can improve students' emotional, social and character capacities, which ultimately supports them to achieve optimal development. In addition, the presence of guidance and counseling teachers in elementary schools has proven to be very important to ensure that these services are implemented optimally, both in individual and group development. This research emphasizes the importance of collaboration between educators, counselors and policy makers in optimizing the implementation of guidance and counseling services as a strategy for building a generation that is independent, self-confident and has character.

Learning evaluation is an important part of the education process. In the context of Islamic Religious Education (PAI), evaluation is not only centered on the knowledge aspect, but also assesses the development of students' religious character. This study aims to examine the influence of learning evaluation on student learning outcomes at SMP Muhammadiyah 4 Surakarta, and to describe the learning strategies applied by educators in an effort to improve these results. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection through interviews, observations, and documentation. The results of the study revealed that learning evaluation was carried out in various forms, such as daily assignments, mid-semester tests (PTS), and end-of-semester assessments (PAS). The strategies applied by teachers include providing role models, giving rewards, delivering moral messages, sharing inspiring experiences, and developing honest and polite behavior. Structured and integrated evaluation with this learning strategy has a meaningful impact on student learning outcomes, both in academic aspects and character development.

Early childhood is experiencing a period of very rapid growth and development. Children's health and nutrition greatly affect the growth and development process. Therefore, health care and nutrition are very much needed to optimize children's development. In general, maintaining children's health which aims to prevent children from contracting a disease, which can interfere with children's learning and intelligence, can be done through: a) maintaining children's personal hygiene and their environment, b) timely immunization, c) maintaining the types of food consumed by children. Children's health care is also adjusted to the child's development. The intensity of health services provided to infants is certainly higher than that of children. This is because at the age of infants, they cannot be independent and still need full assistance from adults. While at the age of children, they must be accustomed and trained to be independent in maintaining personal health with light activities (with parental supervision). As educators, they are required to be able to provide behavioral stimuli and knowledge about how to maintain health in children. Efforts to maintain children's health begin with implementing clean and healthy living habits in everyday life

This research aims to explore the role of the Christian Religious Education (PAK) curriculum in improving the spirituality of youth in Indonesia. Using a qualitative approach, this study involved in-depth interviews with teachers, students and practitioners of Christian Religious Education to obtain a holistic perspective regarding the influence of the curriculum on the formation of the spirituality of the younger generation. The research results show that the PAK curriculum has an important role in instilling moral values, strengthening faith, and forming the character of Christian youth. The implementation of a relevant and contextual curriculum allows young people to understand and appreciate religious teachings more deeply, so as to improve the quality of their relationships with God and each other. This research also found that there are challenges in implementing a curriculum that is able to adapt to current developments and technology without ignoring the substance of spirituality. Therefore, the success of the PAK curriculum in increasing youth spirituality is highly dependent on the active involvement of educators and educational institutions in creating an environment that supports learning that is holistic and relevant to the spiritual needs of today's youth.

Education as a systematic effort to form a complete human being has given birth to various schools of thought that have developed throughout history. Each school has unique characteristics in understanding the nature of education, goals, methods and roles of educators and students. The traditionalist school of education emphasizes the importance of inheriting past values ​​and knowledge through structured methods. Meanwhile, progressivism prioritizes students' learning experiences with a flexible and contextual approach. Existentialism focuses on individual freedom in determining the direction of education, while essentialism focuses on mastering basic knowledge and core skills. The flow of social reconstructionism encourages education as a tool to improve social conditions and create better social change. This research aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the basic concepts of various schools of education, so that it can become a theoretical basis for developing educational models that are relevant to today's challenges.  

This study investigates the effectiveness of maritime vocational education in preparing graduates to meet the evolving demands of the industry, focusing on competency development, sustainability integration, and practical readiness. The research addresses the increasing need for training programs to align with global industry standards while incorporating sustainable practices to manage environmental and operational challenges. By integrating insights from maritime professionals, educators, graduates, and regulatory officers, the study provides a comprehensive and grounded analysis. The research explores how maritime education equips graduates with industry-relevant skills and incorporates sustainability into training frameworks. Using a qualitative approach, the study involved interviews with 10 stakeholders and thematic analysis of their experiences. Findings indicate strong outcomes in practical readiness (score: 9.3/10), supported by immersive sea-going experiences and hands-on training. However, sustainability integration scored lower (8.6/10), highlighting the need for a greater emphasis on environmental practices and sustainable operations within curricula. The results underscore the significance of collaboration between educational institutions and industry professionals to ensure training aligns with real-world demands. This study offers valuable recommendations for curriculum design and sustainability practices, contributing to a well-prepared and environmentally conscious maritime workforce. The findings serve as a foundation for policy development, institutional strategies, and further research into vocational training and sustainable maritime operations.  

This project involves the development of audiovisual learning media using the Geogebra Classic program, which specifically focuses on building materials for Class V at SDN 105380. This study is based on the inadequate use of technology by educators, especially in the application of learning media for teaching mathematics. To improve the teaching of mathematics using building materials, audiovisual learning media using the Geogebra Classic 5 program was created to diversify math learning resources and increase student engagement in math classes. This study uses ADDIE paradigm. This Model represents analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. This study involved a cohort of 32 students from Class V SDN 105380. This research instrument uses questionnaires that include validation questionnaires for two experts, instructor effectiveness questionnaires, and student effectiveness questionnaires. The findings of this study indicate the creation of appropriate resources for the learning process, achieving an average value of 80% in the very feasible category according to the material validator, and a value of 88% in the very feasible category according to the media validator. The efficacy of Learning media resulted in scores of 93% for teacher responses and 87% for student responses, indicating that the criteria for Learning media are very successful. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the audio-visual learning media assisted by the geogebra application has been declared very feasible and effective.

The growing complexity of maritime operations demands deck officers with advanced competencies and a strong understanding of sustainability principles. This study addresses critical gaps in maritime vocational education by exploring the effectiveness of current training programs, the integration of sustainability, and the role of technology-driven approaches. While previous research has focused on technical skills aligned with STCW standards, limited attention has been paid to leadership, communication, and environmental education. The research sought to answer how maritime training can be enhanced to address these gaps. Using a systematic literature review and qualitative analysis of insights from maritime professionals, educators, and graduates, the study synthesized theoretical frameworks with real-world experiences. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and questionnaires, analyzed using thematic coding, and triangulated with findings from the literature review. The results demonstrate strong technical training aligned with STCW standards but reveal fragmented sustainability integration and inadequate leadership preparation. Simulation-based training was identified as highly effective, though it requires support from mentorship and real-world experiences. The findings provide actionable recommendations for enhancing curricula, fostering industry-academic partnerships, and refining policies to better prepare deck officers for modern maritime challenges. This research offers a practical roadmap for transforming maritime education, ensuring safety, operational efficiency, and sustainability in global maritime operations.

This research examines the use of technology in increasing learning interactivity in Indonesia. The aim of the research is to analyze various forms of educational technology used, identify their impact on learning interactivity, and explore the challenges and opportunities in their implementation. The method used is a systematic literature review by analyzing published scientific articles. The research results show that the use of technology such as learning management systems, augmented reality, and artificial intelligence significantly increases learning interactivity. However, there are challenges such as limited infrastructure and digital competence of educators. In conclusion, the use of technology has great potential in increasing learning interactivity, but requires a comprehensive and sustainable implementation strategy.

This study explores the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in education, particularly in supporting personalized learning. AI presents new opportunities through adaptive learning platforms, virtual tutors, and intelligent assessment systems that have the potential to revolutionize teaching and learning methods. By conducting in-depth data analysis, AI can identify student performance patterns and provide tailored recommendations, enabling educators to deliver more targeted interventions. Furthermore, personalized learning plays a crucial role in enhancing student motivation and engagement by customizing learning experiences to meet individual needs and learning styles. This study aims to implement personalized learning strategies in educational settings and offers insights into best practices for their integration. It also examines their impact on student engagement and academic achievement. The findings highlight the importance of personalized learning in fostering an inclusive and effective educational environment. By leveraging AI, educators can optimize learning, empower students, and address achievement gaps. This study provides practical recommendations for educators and policymakers to implement AI-based learning strategies effectively.

This research is motivated by several problems that the author found at SMP N 5 Bukittinggi, especially in Islamic religious education subjects in class IX where in learning, educators are still minimal in utilizing learning media, the learning media used still uses powerpoint media and lecture methods, so that in the learning process students feel bored, bored and not enthusiastic about learning. To attract students’ interest, teachers must be more creative in using learning media. This research aims to develop audio visual learning media using the Kinemaster application on the subject of the hajj and Umrah pilgrimages that is valid, practical and effective. This research is development research which has 4 stages, namely the definition stage, design stage, development stage, and dissemination stage. The results of this research are that audio visual learning media using the kinemaster application received a final validation score of 0.84 in the valid category, the practicality score obtained by the teacher was 95 in the very practical category, the practicalitu score by students was 86 obtained in the very practical category, and the effectiveness score was 0.74 obtained in the very practical category effective.

Educational supervision is a training process that aims to improve the quality of learning and teacher performance. Implementation of supervision requires certain techniques that are tailored to the needs, conditions, and characteristics of the school. There are three main categories in supervision techniques, namely individual techniques, group techniques, and a combination of both. Individual techniques include classroom observation, personal conversations, and class visits, which aim to provide direct guidance to teachers. This technique is effective in identifying specific problems faced by teachers and providing solutions directly. Supervision groups include workshops, discussion groups, and joint training, which aim to improve teacher competence through collaboration and sharing experiences. This technique encourages innovation in teaching and creates a culture of learning among educators. In addition, a combination of individual and group techniques, such as mutual observation or project-based training, can provide more comprehensive results. The application of supervision techniques must be carried out in a planned and sustainable manner with the principles of involvement, openness, and training. Effective supervision also requires technological support to facilitate data collection and evaluation, such as using learning videos or analytical software.

In this era of widespread globalization, the role of administration has become increasingly important in several different ways. The importance of an educational administration system to be implemented has become one of the benchmarks of educational quality, especially in the teaching and learning process, although its implementation has not been maximized. With proper management, educational goals can be achieved effectively and efficiently. Educational administration is a crucial aspect of managing an effective and efficient educational system. This study aims to analyze the role and importance of educational administration in improving the quality of learning. The method used is a qualitative approach with documentation techniques, involving the collection of data from various official documents and reports related to the practices of educational administration. The research findings show that educational administration significantly contributes to curriculum planning, resource management, as well as the evaluation and supervision of the teaching and learning process. These findings are expected to provide insights for policymakers and education practitioners to continue improving the quality of education in Indonesia. Therefore, it is important for all parties involved, including the government, institutional managers, educators, and the community, to collaborate in supporting the educational administration process. Investing in the improvement of educational administration quality is a vital step to ensure the development of high-quality human resources in the future.

Technology is essential to the efficient teaching and learning process. But technological advancement does not ensure that everyone can take full use of it. Acquiring technical literacy or knowing how to utilize it involves more than just learning how to read; it also involves being able to use, access, and integrate technology into the teaching and learning process. Although a lot of people use the internet, not everyone is able to fully utilize its benefits, particularly in the field of education. Learning can be done more quickly and in a number of ways, particularly while learning English. In our nation, English is a foreign language, and students will have a lot of trouble using it. Therefore, in order to help students understand and avoid becoming disinterested in the process of learning English, teachers need to possess additional skills. As a result, providing the internet and educational websites as resources for learning English will benefit both educators and learners. While the use of the internet for educational purposes is not new in our nation, not all institutions are able to put it into practice because of a lack of necessary resources, including computer equipment and internet access.

This study aims to explore the role of cross-cultural Christian education in cyberspace in supporting the formation of virtual faith communities for global spiritual formation and interfaith dialogue. Issues that include the challenges of globalization and digitalization that change the way communities interact, especially in religious contexts. The methods used are concept analysis and literature studies that support the development of a theoretical framework for digital-based cross-cultural education. The results of the study indicate that digital platforms can be an effective means of creating inclusive cross-cultural dialogue spaces, strengthening spiritual identity, and facilitating cross-cultural learning. The findings also highlight the importance of design programs that are sensitive to cultural and technical contexts. The main conclusion of this study is that cross-cultural Christian education in cyberspace can be a powerful tool for advancing global solidarity and interfaith dialogue. However, its success depends on collaboration between educators, technology developers, and religious communities, as well as attention to obstacles such as digital literacy and unequal access to technology.

This research explores innovations in Christian education through the application of a multisensory approach to spiritual learning. By using a phenomenology-based qualitative research method through literature research, this study aims to understand how a multisensory approach can improve the effectiveness of spiritual learning holistically. The main problem identified is the challenge in conveying abstract theological concepts to students, especially in the digital era that demands relevant and interesting learning methods. The novelty of the research lies in the integration of multisensory approaches with modern technologies, such as augmented reality and interactive applications, to create immersive sense-based learning experiences. The results of the study show that the multisensory approach enriches the learning process by increasing information retention, emotional engagement, and internalization of spiritual values. The findings also confirm that multisensory experiences are able to bridge the abstraction of Christian teachings with concrete experiences, creating a deeper connection between learners and faith values. The contributions of this research include the development of relevant, adaptive, and transformative Christian education strategies, as well as the provision of a theoretical foundation for the implementation of a multisensory approach in various educational contexts. This research provides new insights for Christian educators in presenting spiritual learning that is more holistic and contextual.

Learning technology continues to develop as time goes by. Technology is the science of tools and skills that make humans work more efficiently. The implementation of daily learning often follows technological developments in the world of education, as do teachers and lecturers. In the field of education, technology has an influence on improving the quality of education, types of educational technology, information technology and communication and learning technology have a major role in learning. The role of technology in the field of education is as an information center and doing new things to illustrate learning and determine online learning methods. With increasingly developing technology, it can also provide benefits that have both good and bad impacts. One of the developments in technology has had a good influence by increasing self-openness in terms of expanding knowledge as information for all life in the world across borders, places and times. Negative impacts include changes in behavior, morals, rules or morals of life so that they conflict with the moral rules that apply in society. Therefore, to prevent the negative impact of using technology in learning, it is necessary to supervise parents and educators who work together in carrying out teaching and supervising children in using technology. The presence and function of technology in the world of education provides the development and growth of human resources as a determinant in achieving success in education. This kind of thing is caused by human resources themselves which are still lagging behind in using this technology in training. With today's technological developments in education, there are many new innovations to support learning. In this case, one way is to provide changes in educational facilities which are increasingly increasing and developing rapidly through technology.

This research aims to examine how to optimize the learning management system (LMS) to support cadets' teaching and learning activities at the Naval Academy. It investigates the issues and analyzes the problems and constraints related to LMS learning. This research employs a qualitative methodology. E-learning (Smart class) has been developed to support all teaching and learning activities for cadets within the scope of the Naval Academy. One of its supporting components is an Electronic Learning application with a web-based Learning Management System, which serves as the software used by educators in universities and schools as an online learning medium based on the Internet. This application aids lecturers/instructors in learning and facilitates information sharing through virtual classrooms, allowing cadets to access materials within a specified timeframe. This Learning Management System assists both lecturers and cadets in conducting their online classes, enabling virtual interactions for discussions, solving questions both online and offline, and accessing materials available in cadets’ classrooms. The LMS model significantly supports the teaching and learning activities at the Naval Academy. Cadets can access it anytime and anywhere with just an internet connection and a laptop or computer.