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This research is motivated by the problem of communication in economic transactions in the Aru Islands District, which is recruited by a multi-ethnic community with a variety of regional languages. Although Indonesian has great potential as a national communication tool, its use in local economic activities is still limited, thus hampering the smooth interaction between traders and buyers. This communication inefficiency has an impact on the negotiation process and local economic competitiveness. This study aims to instill the role of Indonesian in facilitating economic transactions, identify barriers to use, and develop strategies to improve Indonesian language skills in the community. The approach used is descriptive qualitative with a phenomenological method. Data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and document studies, with informants selected using purposive sampling techniques to obtain data relevant to the local economic context. Expected results include an understanding of the contribution of Indonesian in increasing the effectiveness of transactions, revealing communication challenges, and strategies for improving contextual and applicable language literacy. These findings can provide practical contributions to local governments, educational institutions, and business actors in developing language training programs that support economic activities. From a theoretical perspective, this research enriches the study of the relationship between language and economic development, especially in multilingual areas such as the Aru Islands.

Art cannot be separated from human life, including in the stages of childhood development. In addition to having aesthetic values, art also plays an important role in inspiring children's creativity and imagination. Early Childhood Education (PAUD), as a pioneer in the national education process, has a role in developing children's potential from various aspects, such as cognitive, language, art, morals, religion, movement, and socio-emotional. One important aspect in children's physical development is motor development, both gross and fine motor skills. One form of effective stimulus in developing children's motor skills is through learning dance. Dance provides space for children to practice body movement coordination, balance, and muscle strength, while stimulating self-expression. The basic elements in dance, such as movement, energy, space, and time, play an important role in supporting children's creativity in expressing themselves through body movements. Therefore, dance is one of the effective media in supporting children's motor development and creativity as a whole.

Coastal women on Poteran Island, Sumenep, have an important role in the marine-based economic sector, especially in the seaweed and processed seafood industry. However, limited access to capital, technology, and markets are the main challenges in their empowerment efforts. This study aims to analyze the level of empowerment of coastal women in the industry and identify factors that support and hinder the development of their businesses. This study uses a qualitative method with a case study approach, where data is collected through in-depth interviews with women entrepreneurs, participant observation, and related literature studies. Data analysis techniques are carried out through the Miles and Huberman interactive model which includes data reduction, data presentation, as well as drawing conclusions and verification. The results of the study indicate that the empowerment of coastal women in the seaweed and processed seafood industry has had a positive impact on family economic welfare, increased skills capacity, and strengthened their social roles in the community. However, there are still obstacles in terms of market access, policy support, and production technology that need further attention. Therefore, intervention from various stakeholders is needed to increase women's access to skills training, business capital, and policies that support the sustainability of their businesses.    

This study aims to explore innovative learning strategies in fostering students' critical thinking skills. Critical thinking skills are increasingly essential in today’s complex and challenging era. Approaches such as Problem-Based Learning (PBL), Project-Based Learning (PjBL), as well as open discussions and debates, are capable of encouraging students to think analytically, logically, and reflectively. These strategies emphasize the active role of students in the learning process—not merely as recipients of information, but also as seekers and processors of knowledge. Teachers serve as facilitators who create a learning environment that supports exploration and problem-solving. The evaluation of critical thinking skills is conducted through instruments such as rubrics, Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) questions, and analytical essay tests, which allow for an in-depth assessment of students' abilities. The findings show that innovative learning is more effective than conventional methods in developing critical thinking skills. Therefore, these strategies are worth implementing widely in the education system to prepare students to face future challenges critically, creatively, and adaptively.

Game-Based Learning (GBL) has emerged as an innovative learning approach aimed at enhancing student engagement and promoting the development of critical thinking skills, particularly at the elementary school level. This study was conducted at SD Negeri Labuhan 1 using a qualitative approach and a case study method. The primary objective of this research is to analyze the implementation of GBL within the context of elementary education, focusing on students’ and teachers’ needs and interests, the strategies used for implementation, the impact of GBL on students’ critical thinking skills, and the supporting and inhibiting factors affecting its success. The findings indicate that 75% of students expressed a higher preference for game-based learning over conventional teaching methods, showing high levels of enthusiasm and participation during the learning process. GBL proved effective in increasing students' motivation to learn, strengthening collaboration, and stimulating analytical and reflective thinking. However, several challenges were encountered in the implementation of GBL, including limited technological infrastructure in schools and the lack of specialized training for teachers in designing and managing game-based learning activities effectively. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that GBL holds significant potential as a teaching strategy that can foster students’ critical thinking skills from an early age. Nevertheless, to achieve optimal outcomes, strong support from various stakeholders is essential, including the provision of adequate facilities and the enhancement of teachers’ competencies through continuous professional development and training in designing and applying GBL in daily classroom activities.

Currently, in the era of globalization, the world is becoming increasingly connected and interdependent with one another, rapid developments have occurred in the field of information technology, especially in terms of the use of word processing applications. Teachers at TKIT ASHOPA Praya Central Lombok need adequate skills in using information technology, especially the Microsoft Word application, to improve the quality of human resources. However, the development of Microsoft Office applications that occur every year makes it difficult for teachers to keep up with these developments. Therefore, training activities were carried out which aimed to provide basic knowledge about the Microsoft Word application to TKIT ASHOPA teachers. This training includes an introduction to icons and their functionality, as well as the use of applications in module creation and documentation management. This training lasted for 2 days and was attended by 12 teachers. The ASHOPA TKIT teachers responded enthusiastically to this training, as seen from their active participation in asking questions and discussing the material with the presenters. It is hoped that with this basic training, the understanding of teachers at TKIT ASHOPA Praya Central Lombok can increase.

The development of digital technology has brought a significant transformation in the field of education, particularly in learning processes. Traditional teaching methods are now shifting toward more flexible, interactive, and accessible digital systems. This article discusses various strategies for integrating technology into learning in the digital era, including the use of Learning Management Systems (LMS), the application of Artificial Intelligence (AI), and the development of multimedia-based interactive learning content. Furthermore, strengthening digital literacy among teachers and students is a key focus in ensuring the successful implementation of technology in education. This study employs a literature review method by summarizing various scholarly sources and previous research findings. The results indicate that the appropriate application of technology in education can enhance learning effectiveness, promote student independence, and foster 21st-century skills. However, challenges such as unequal access to technology and the lack of teacher training remain obstacles that need to be addressed. Therefore, collaboration between educational institutions, the government, and the community is essential to create an inclusive and sustainable digital learning ecosystem. This article is expected to contribute to the development of adaptive learning strategies aligned with technological advancements and the needs of the times.    

This study investigates the use of Problem-Based Learning (PBL) with YouTube media to enhance listening skills and motivation among junior high school students. Conducted at SMP Negeri 3 Gresik, the research employs a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative and qualitative data. The pre-experimental design assessed students' listening skills before and after a four-week intervention, while questionnaires captured their motivation levels. The findings reveal a significant improvement in students' listening comprehension, as evidenced by an increase in mean test scores from 48.00 in the pre-test to 79.33 in the post-test, with a p-value of 0.000 indicating statistical significance. Additionally, motivation levels improved, with students expressing heightened engagement and interest in the learning process. The integration of authentic and dynamic YouTube content within the PBL framework fostered a more interactive and engaging learning environment, addressing common challenges such as limited motivation and anxiety. The study concludes that the combination of PBL and YouTube media is an effective instructional strategy for enhancing listening skills and motivation in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) contexts. It offers practical insights for educators seeking innovative approaches to language instruction and underscores the importance of integrating technology into active learning methodologies.  

The current research aims to identify the role of digital transformation across its dimensions (technology, digitization of operations, databases, human resources) in promoting digital entrepreneurship in its dimensions (digital information base, digital business environment, digital skills and e-leadership, financing) among a sample of employees in private banks in the Middle Euphrates region. The research problem emerged regarding the ability of the private banks under study to use digital transformation and digital entrepreneurship. This problem lies in the lack of environmental stability, limited financial infrastructure, and weak human expertise. Therefore, the research problem was formulated in an important question: What is the impact of digital transformation on promoting digital entrepreneurship in Iraqi private banks? In order to determine the level of research variables, a questionnaire was adopted by distributing (136) questionnaires to employees in private banks in the Middle Euphrates region to measure the nature of the level of the research variables. To analyze the results, the statistical packages (SPSS & AMOS.V.29) were used. As a result, the research produced various results, most notably the existence of a significant correlation between digital transformation and entrepreneurship. Digital businesses contribute to encouraging innovation in developing new financial products and services that meet changing market needs. The results also showed that digital transformation helps private banks improve the efficiency of internal operations, leading to a reduction in transaction time. Furthermore, digital transformation processes can provide smoother and faster financial services, which supports customer satisfaction and loyalty.

Antutan Village faces soil fertility problems due to high acidity caused by the intensive use of chemical fertilizers without being balanced with organic matter. This has resulted in low agricultural productivity, especially in rice and cocoa crops. As an alternative solution that is environmentally friendly and economical, Jadam Liquid Fertilizer (JLF) was introduced to farmers through socialization and demonstration activities. This activity aims to increase farmers' understanding of the benefits of organic fertilizer in improving soil fertility and provide skills in the manufacture and application of JLF independently. The method used in this activity includes the delivery of material on the negative impact of excessive use of chemical fertilizers, the importance of microorganisms in the soil, and the technique of making JLF using local materials such as weeds, rice straw, and banana stump. Live demonstrations were conducted to show the fermentation process as well as how to apply JLF on farmland. Farmers were given the opportunity to actively participate in every stage of JLF production and application.The results showed a positive response from farmers who were interested in adopting this technology as an alternative to organic fertilizer. With this socialization and demonstration, it is expected that farmers can reduce dependence on chemical fertilizers and improve soil fertility in a sustainable manner. The application of JLF is expected to be the first step in the development of sustainable agriculture in Antutan Village.

Reading ability is an important basic skill for elementary school student. However, not all students can master it well due to various factors, such as delayed language development, lack of stimulus, and specific learning disorders such as dyslexia.This research aims to determine Ultilization impact technology in supporting reading literacy for students with reading difficulties. The method employed is a literature review by analyzing many  previous studies Associated with the utlization of technology in improving reading skills.the findings of the study show that digital-based digital innovation , such as interactive learning applications, Text-to-Speech (TTS), Augmented Reality (AR), and QR-Code technology,can improve students’ reading skills. The main obstacles in implementing technologies that are less relevant to learning. Recommendations provided include increasing technology, and integrating digital methods with conventional learning approaches. This research is expected to be a reference for educators and stakeholders in the developing  process more effective strategies to improve elementary school students’ reading skills by optimally utilizing technology.

Reading ability is an important basic skill for elementary school student. However, not all students can master it well due to various factors, such as delayed language development, lack of stimulus, and specific learning disorders such as dyslexia.This research aims to determine Ultilization impact technology in supporting reading literacy for students with reading difficulties. The method employed is a literature review by analyzing many  previous studies Associated with the utlization of technology in improving reading skills.the findings of the study show that digital-based digital innovation , such as interactive learning applications, Text-to-Speech (TTS), Augmented Reality (AR), and QR-Code technology,can improve students’ reading skills. The main obstacles in implementing technologies that are less relevant to learning. Recommendations provided include increasing technology, and integrating digital methods with conventional learning approaches. This research is expected to be a reference for educators and stakeholders in the developing  process more effective strategies to improve elementary school students’ reading skills by optimally utilizing technology.

Casework is a process used by humanitarian service agencies to assist individuals in addressing social functioning issues. This process includes several stages: engagement, assessment, planning, intervention, evaluation, and termination. This study examines the application of the casework method with a client named SM, a 30-year-old widow with two children facing economic and social limitations. Through interviews and observations using the BPSS (Bio, Psycho, Social, Spiritual) approach, the practitioner assessed the client’s condition, revealing that SM struggled with economic difficulties and challenges in providing adequate care for her children. In the intervention stage, SM was provided with a program to develop weaving skills, which led to the production of woven mats, curtains, and decorations. Monitoring was conducted to ensure that the client adhered to the program, ultimately increasing SM’s income to Rp 40,000 per day. In the termination stage, the cooperation between the practitioner and the client was concluded as the agreed-upon goals had been achieved. This study demonstrates that with the right approach, individuals facing social and economic limitations can develop their potential and improve their well-being.

The development of digital technology has transformed how university students access and process information. Digital literacy has become an essential skill encompassing the ability to search for, evaluate, and effectively use information. This study aims to analyze the factors influencing university students' digital literacy, the role of technology in supporting these skills, and effective strategies that can be implemented to improve digital literacy in academic environments. The research method employed is a mixed-method approach with data collection techniques through digital questionnaires administered to 25 students from various majors, as well as a literature review from various sources. The results of the study show that 52% of students use the internet for more than six hours a day, 83.3% actively seek information daily, and 60% always verify information before sharing it. The main obstacles in improving digital literacy include limited access to digital learning resources (54.2%) and a lack of literacy training (54.2%). Proposed strategies to address these challenges include integrating digital literacy materials into the curriculum, organizing regular training and seminars, and optimizing the use of educational technology platforms. The conclusion of this study emphasizes that digital literacy is not just about technical skills but also involves critical thinking and filtering accurate information. Therefore, systematic efforts are needed from various parties, including universities, lecturers, and students, to create an academic environment that supports the optimal development of digital literacy.

This study aims to analyze the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) in the development of culinary MSMEs in Central Java Province. A descriptive qualitative approach was used, with data collection conducted through interviews, observations, and secondary document review. Data analysis was performed using the Miles and Huberman interactive model, which allowed for the systematic processing and interpretation of the gathered data. The findings revealed that the key strengths of culinary MSMEs in Central Java include clear market segmentation, strategic locations, and product innovation. These strengths enable the businesses to reach targeted customers effectively and maintain competitiveness in a dynamic market. However, the main weaknesses identified include limited utilization of digital technology and a lack of managerial development, which hinder their ability to scale and improve operational efficiency. The study also highlighted significant opportunities for growth, such as government support for MSMEs and the rapid development of digital technologies that can enhance marketing and operational processes. Despite these opportunities, the threats facing these businesses include intense competition from both local and global players, as well as a low level of interest in entrepreneurship among the younger generation, which limits the growth potential of new businesses. Based on the SWOT analysis, the study proposes a development strategy matrix that MSMEs and policymakers can use to address weaknesses, capitalize on opportunities, and mitigate threats. This strategy emphasizes the need for digital transformation, investment in managerial skills, and fostering an entrepreneurial culture to ensure the sustainable growth of culinary MSMEs in the region. The findings provide valuable insights for both business owners and policymakers to support the development of the culinary sector in Central Java

Health service management has an important role in managing resources effectively and efficiently, dealing with the dynamics of community needs, and ensuring quality health services through a systematic and humanistic approach. However, there are still shortcomings in the availability of adequate resources and managerial skills of implementing officers in service units that do not meet the standards. This study aims to analyze the direct impact of health management on accessibility, quality, effectiveness, and policy-making in health services.This study uses a literature review method with data sources obtained from Google Scholar, National Library e-Resources, and Garuda Portal. The research data was taken from 2015-2025. Based on the literature review, effective health management includes strategic planning, strengthening internal management, managing human resources, community involvement, and utilizing technology. The implementation of health management is proven to improve the competence of health workers, accelerate service processes, and increase patient satisfaction. In addition, good health management also encourages the expansion of health facility distribution, maintains the availability of drugs and medical devices, and improves the quality of infrastructure. However, there are challenges that need to be overcome, such as limited human resources and challenges in implementing Electronic Medical Records (EMR) in various healthcare facilities. The review shows that health management positively impacts accessibility, service quality, effectiveness, and evidence-based policymaking. Effective strategies include strategic planning, internal managemen human resource management, technology use, and community involvement, although challenges like limited human resources and Electronic Medical Record implementation remain

One of the 21st century thinking skills is creative thinking skills. Students as prospective educators are required to learn and develop self-actualization in solving problems scientifically. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of Remap STAD learning models towards the empowerment of students' creative thinking skills. This research is a quasy experimental study and uses a Non equivalent pretest-posttest control group design. The population is all students of class XI IPA SMAN 4 Malang, totaling 234 students. A sample of 102 students was selected based on the equality test to determine the experimental class, positive control, and negative control. The instrument used used essay tests in accordance with indicators of creative thinking skills and the results were analyzed using the one-way anacova test. The results showed that the Remap STAD learning model effectively empowers students' creative thinking skills. The implication of the research conducted is to train students to think metaphorically to produce unique ideas or concepts as a form of achieving creative thinking skills. It is recommended that educators integrate the Remap STAD model in biology learning to foster student engagement and stimulate higher-order thinking processes necessary for solving contextual problems in daily life.

Integrated public services in a one-stop service system, such as the one implemented at the Mal Pelayanan Publik (MPP) Badung, serve as an answer to the public's demand for efficient, fast, and transparent bureaucracy. However, in its implementation, MPP still faces various strategic challenges, such as fragmentation between agencies, limited human resources, and suboptimal digital system integration that supports cross-sector services. This study aims to analyze adaptive and collaborative managerial strategies to address these challenges and explore digital innovation opportunities to improve service quality. By using a literature review method from various journals, policy reports, and supporting documents, this study shows that the success of the one-stop service system greatly depends on visionary leadership, synergy between agencies, and adequate technological support. The discussion concludes that flexible, responsive managerial strategies that emphasize cross-agency collaboration can enhance efficiency and user satisfaction. Therefore, updating digital systems, involving the community, and improving human resource capacity are crucial steps in realizing modern and sustainable public services. Another key factor for success is the adoption of innovative digital technologies. By investing in digital infrastructure, MPP can automate many of its processes, reducing paperwork, speeding up response times, and ensuring better coordination between departments. The development of user-friendly platforms and mobile applications will also allow citizens to access services more easily, improving their satisfaction. Additionally, involving the community in the decision-making process through feedback and engagement mechanisms can help identify areas for improvement and tailor services to better meet the public's needs. To ensure long-term success, continuous capacity building for human resources is essential. Well-trained staff, equipped with the skills and knowledge to operate advanced systems, will be able to provide higher-quality services.

Math phobia is a psychological disorder characterized by excessive fear of mathematical concepts or activities, which hinders students' learning process. This study aims to explore the use of the abacus method as an intervention in improving mental arithmetic and reducing math phobia in elementary school students. The abacus method, which has been proven effective in improving concentration and mental arithmetic skills, is integrated into learning to provide an interactive and fun learning experience.  This study used a descriptive qualitative method involving 15 students and the third grade teacher of SDN 19 Tarung-Tarung, and used data collection techniques in the form of observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis used the Miles & Huberman research model. The results showed a significant increase in mental arithmetic skills and a decrease in students' anxiety levels in math subjects, which had a positive impact on students' learning motivation. The application of the abacus method can be an alternative strategy in designing more effective mathematics learning interventions to overcome math phobia.

This research was conducted in Gading Rejo District, Pasuruan City, focusing on optimizing the potential of medai fish through training in fish ball production. Data was collected from December 21 to 31, 2024, using methods such as Field Observation, In-Depth Interviews, and Questionnaire Distribution. The results revealed that while the majority of the community (70%) is familiar with fish balls, only a small portion (30%) knows how to make them, and 50% are not aware of the detailed process. This indicates a significant need for practical skills training in processing medai fish into fish balls. This study supports the community empowerment theory, which emphasizes the importance of enhancing practical skills to improve economic competitiveness, as well as the value-added processing theory that encourages creating new business opportunities. Based on these findings, it is recommended that continuous training be conducted to improve the community's knowledge and skills in fish ball production, along with providing facilities to support the production process.