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This article examines saj’ in the science of badi’ and provides examples of the use of saj’ murashsha’ in Surah Al-Waqi’ah. Saj’ is a part of muhassinat al-lafdziyah that specifically discusses the similarity of the final letters in two or more fashilahs. Saj’ is divided into three types: saj’ mutharraf, saj’ murashsha’, and saj’ mutawazi. This research employs a qualitative approach through library study. Based on the analysis conducted by the researcher, there are six instances of saj’ murashsha’ found in Surah Al-Waqi’ah.

Islamic education at Madrasah Tsanawiyah Thoyyib Hasyim Jorongan Leces Probolinggo is committed to integrating and applying the teachings of the Qur'an and Hadith in all aspects of education, with the aim of shaping students who are not only intellectually competent but also possess noble character as a fundamental aspect of their personality. This research aims to explore the forms, processes, opportunities, challenges, and implications of integrating the Qur'an and Hadith in the development of Islamic education at this institution. The results of the study show that Madrasah Tsanawiyah Thoyyib Hasyim Jorongan Leces Probolinggo integrates Islamic values into various subjects, such as mathematics, science, and religious studies, through an interdisciplinary approach. The strengthening of students' character is carried out through routine activities based on the teachings of the Qur'an and Hadith, such as congregational prayers and reading the Qur'an. Despite the challenges related to teachers' limited understanding in integrating religious values with general subjects, there are significant opportunities to develop Islamic-based education. The implications of this integration include the formation of students with piety, noble character, and responsibility. Strategies that need to be implemented to strengthen this integration in the future include the development of a more flexible curriculum, continuous teacher training, and the utilization of technology in learning. Therefore, Madrasah Tsanawiyah Thoyyib Hasyim Jorongan Leces Probolinggo has successfully created a synergy between academic education and religious education, providing students with knowledge for both this world and the hereafter  

The rapid advancements in automation and artificial intelligence (AI) have significantly transformed various industries in Indonesia. While these technologies enhance efficiency and productivity, they also pose severe challenges to employment, notably the increasing prevalence of layoffs (PHK). This article critically analyzes the legal framework in Indonesia governing worker protection against layoffs caused by automation and AI. It highlights the inadequacies in current regulations, such as the Employment Law and the Job Creation Law, in addressing the unique challenges posed by digital transformation. Using a normative legal approach, the study emphasizes the need for adaptive policies, including reskilling, upskilling, and enhanced social security programs like the Employment Loss Insurance (JKP). Lessons from countries like Germany and Singapore underline the importance of government and industry collaboration in workforce readiness. The findings advocate for a holistic and inclusive policy framework to mitigate automation’s adverse effects while leveraging its potential for sustainable development.

This article presents a systematic review of pragmatic competence in second language acquisition (SLA), emphasizing its critical role in effective communication and intercultural understanding. Pragmatic competence encompasses the ability to understand and use language appropriately in diverse social and cultural contexts, including mastering speech acts, politeness strategies, conversational implicatures, and intercultural pragmatics. Despite its importance, pragmatic competence often receives less attention in language instruction compared to grammar and vocabulary. The review highlights the effectiveness of explicit and implicit teaching methods, authentic interaction, and cultural immersion in developing pragmatic skills. It also underscores the role of technology, such as digital platforms and simulations, in enhancing learners’ ability to navigate real-life communication scenarios. The findings reveal significant challenges, including cultural variability in pragmatic norms, difficulties in standardizing assessments, and the influence of learners’ individual differences. The study calls for innovative teaching and evaluation methods, focusing on personalized approaches and the integration of pragmatic learning with emotional intelligence. By synthesizing current research and practices, this article provides valuable insights for educators, curriculum developers, and researchers, advocating for adaptive, culturally informed, and technology-supported strategies to enhance pragmatic competence in SLA.

Love is a central theme in the Christian faith, as stated in 1 John 4:7-12. This letter confirms that love comes from God, and love is the essence of God's existence and character. This article examines in depth the concept of divine love (agape) in 1 John, which is demonstrated through the sending of Jesus Christ as an atoning sacrifice for human sins. Using a hermeneutic approach and textual analysis, this article explores how God's love enables believers to reflect the character of Christ in everyday life. Through true love, believers are called to live in harmony with others as proof of their knowledge of God. Love in this context is not only a moral act, but a spiritual transformation that signifies spiritual maturity and a life in line with God's will.

This research analyzes the role of the Mater et Magistra encyclical in building social awareness among Catholics. Using a qualitative method with a literature study approach, this research examines encyclical documents, books, articles, and related official Church documents. The main focus of the research is the principles contained in Mater et Magistra, such as human dignity, general welfare, justice and solidarity, as well as their relevance to modern social issues. The results show that Mater et Magistra was not only relevant in its time, but also provides concrete guidance to deal with current social challenges, such as poverty, economic injustice, and human rights violations. The encyclical encourages Catholics to actively engage in social activities, advocate for just policies, and establish programs that support the welfare of society. Thus, Mater et Magistra remains an important reference in promoting the values of social justice and solidarity in a global society. The encyclical is not only an ethical guide, but also an effective educational tool to inspire Catholics to face social change and become agents of change in their communities.

The purpose of conducting research on the implementation of the PAK independent curriculum is to find out the problems in its implementation, teachers are the main implementers of this curriculum in the field. By understanding their perspectives and experiences, we can find the problems they face and what is needed for the successful implementation of the curriculum. The research method used is to use a qualitative method with a literature review approach, namely looking for sources that are considered relevant to be used as sources for writing. Based on the results obtained, there are several difficulties or problems in its implementation, for example one of them is the reduction in human resources in this case, namely educators, and other things. The Merdeka Belajar curriculum focuses on important material, is flexible for teachers and students, and is project and character-based. By increasing teacher understanding, increasing resources, increasing parental participation, and developing a more contextual curriculum, it is hoped that the quality of religious education can be improved.

The purpose of conducting research on the implementation of the PAK independent curriculum is to find out the problems in its implementation, teachers are the main implementers of this curriculum in the field. By understanding their perspectives and experiences, we can find the problems they face and what is needed for the successful implementation of the curriculum. The research method used is to use a qualitative method with a literature review approach, namely looking for sources that are considered relevant to be used as sources for writing. Based on the results obtained, there are several difficulties or problems in its implementation, for example one of them is the reduction in human resources in this case, namely educators, and other things. The Merdeka Belajar curriculum focuses on important material, is flexible for teachers and students, and is project and character-based. By increasing teacher understanding, increasing resources, increasing parental participation, and developing a more contextual curriculum, it is hoped that the quality of religious education can be improved.

The purpose of this study was to determine the strategy of teacher Pak in implementing modern-based learning at the junior high school level. With a qualitative descriptive research method with a literature study approach or library research. Christian Religious Education (PAK) plays a very important role in shaping the character, nature, and behavior of students, and the most important thing is the growth of their faith. Currently, in the twenty-first century, when internet technology is widely used to process information, this has significant consequences for the world of education, with both positive and negative consequences. Digital learning is an effort to improve the quality of learning and not just utilizing digital tools in the classroom. Therefore, digital learning cannot be a trend to use digital tools but a responsibility to improve the quality of learning. By mastering digital competencies and the availability of facilities that support the implementation of digital-based learning, it can be applied maximally and teachers can pour out their creativity to create a new innovation in learning. The limited devices owned by students as a supporter of the learning process are one of the obstacles in implementing technology in the digital transformation era besides signals that we cannot control because not all students are able and come from families with upper economies who at least have android or laptop facilities.

The code of ethics serves as a guideline for educators in carrying out their professional duties, especially in Christian Religious Education (PAK). This study aims to explore the role of the code of ethics in improving the quality of PAK learning. Using a qualitative approach, this study utilized literature studies, observations, and interviews with PAK teachers at the secondary school level. The findings indicate that consistent application of the code of ethics helps create a conducive learning environment, while deepening students' understanding of Christian values. By adhering to the code of ethics, teachers can act professionally, fairly, and with integrity, thereby increasing trust between teachers and students. In addition, the code of ethics is an important guide in overcoming learning challenges, such as the diversity of student backgrounds and curriculum changes. This study concludes that the code of ethics has an important role in improving the quality of PAK learning through strengthening teacher character and creating an inclusive learning atmosphere.

Domestic violence (DV) is a phenomenon that significantly impacts the physical, psychological, and spiritual well-being of victims. This study aims to explore the role of pastoral counseling in assisting victims of domestic violence, specifically a woman named Ibu Butet, who experienced physical and psychological abuse from her husband and her husband’s family. A qualitative approach with a case study method was used to delve into Ibu Butet's experiences through empathetic pastoral interviews rooted in Christian spirituality. The pastoral care process focused on inner healing, discovering life’s meaning, and strengthening faith as a source of hope.The findings show that pastoral counseling provides a safe space for victims to express their emotional wounds, overcome trauma, and find new strength through spiritual reflection and prayer. In this context, the role of pastors or counselors as compassionate listeners embodying Christ’s love is crucial to the healing process. The study concludes that pastoral counseling not only helps victims cope with their suffering but also guides them to find renewed hope and purpose in life amidst difficult circumstances.

This study aims to analyze the implementation of the Kurikulum Merdeka (Freedom Curriculum) in developing students' attitudes and values at the junior high school level. The Kurikulum Merdeka, which focuses on student-centered and project-based learning, provides teachers with flexibility to integrate Pancasila values, such as mutual cooperation, justice, and tolerance, into learning activities. The findings indicate that this approach positively impacts students' curiosity, creativity, responsibility, as well as critical thinking and collaboration skills. Teachers play a crucial role as facilitators and role models, creating an inclusive and relevant learning environment tailored to students' needs. However, the implementation of the Kurikulum Merdeka faces challenges, including the readiness of human resources and infrastructure support. This study concludes that the Kurikulum Merdeka holds significant potential to shape students with strong character and global relevance, provided it is supported by collaboration among teachers, families, and communities.

This article explores the role of the Nestorian Church in spreading Christianity throughout Asia and examines its possible presence in the Indonesian archipelago. Using a qualitative-historical approach and content analysis of primary and secondary sources, this study highlights the Nestorians' contributions in China since the 7th century, particularly in education and healthcare. While their presence in Indonesia remains debated, evidence such as activity in the port of Barus suggests they introduced Christianity through trade networks. However, their influence was curtailed by political shifts, the rise of Islam, and limited socio-political support. This study underscores the significance of the East Syrian tradition in shaping Asian Christian identity and calls for deeper inquiry into Nestorian traces in Southeast Asia. The article enriches the discourse on Asian Christian history by presenting a fresh perspective on cross-cultural faith transmission.

This study aims to analyze the impact of sharia principles implementation and product innovation on the financial performance of Islamic banks in Indonesia. Using a quantitative approach through regression analysis, the study reveals that consistent adherence to sharia principles and relevant product innovation significantly affect financial performance. Partial tests show that sharia principles significantly influence customer trust and satisfaction, while product innovation contributes to enhancing competitiveness in the digital era. Simultaneously, these two variables strongly impact financial performance, with the regression model explaining 74% of the variance in financial performance. This study highlights the importance of synergy between sharia principles and product innovation in supporting the sustainability of the Islamic banking industry in Indonesia.

The paper aimed to test the role of cost accounting information in feeding and guiding administrative decision makers in a way that contributes to enhancing the overall performance of the company. As the internal information provided by cost accounting works to clarify the strengths and weaknesses in detail within the company’s organizational structure, allowing management to gain a broader perspective. And more accurate in the areas of improving the company's performance. Cost accounting information has been identified in two categories: planning information and control information, while the company's performance has been identified in terms of productivity, cost reduction control, and profitability. The paper community has been represented by accountants working in a number of Iraqi industrial companies. A questionnaire form was prepared by the researcher to achieve the purpose of collecting the data necessary to measure the research variables, in accordance with the descriptive analytical approach adopted in the current research. The number of questionnaires retrieved and suitable for analysis reached 72 forms. The research reached a number of conclusions, the most important of which is that accounting information Costs enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of companies, which contributes to maximizing the company's performance. Given the stability of this positive effect, it follows that there is a need to increase attention to the quality of cost accounting information and the scope of its production in companies. This information contributes to reaching a more accurate measurement of the cost of the product and thus contributes to determining more competitive prices.

Nowadays, advances in information and communication technology have opened up new opportunities in the world of digital business, including the use of the Telegram application as a business platform. This research aims to understand how students, as the digital native generation and active users of Telegram, utilize this application to carry out digital business activities. The author conducted the research using a descriptive qualitative approach, and collected data through interviews, observations, and library studies involving six informants aged 14-17 years. The results of this study show that the Telegram App, with features such as channels, large-capacity groups, and automated bots, provides flexibility and efficiency that support students in running small businesses, such as selling services, digital products, and community management. However, challenges such as fraud risk and fierce competition are also major obstacles. This research highlights the potential of Telegram in supporting students to develop creativity, communication skills and entrepreneurial spirit early on, while contributing to economic empowerment in the digital era.

This study explores the impact of tourism on environmental health in the coastal tourist area of Ancol Beach, Jakarta. As a major tourist destination in North Jakarta, Ancol Beach has experienced significant growth in visitor numbers annually. While tourism in this area provides positive contributions such as boosting the local economy and creating employment opportunities, it also poses negative environmental impacts, particularly in terms of marine pollution and increased waste accumulation during peak tourist seasons. Using a qualitative approach, this research combines in- depth interviews and field observations to analyze these issues. The results indicate that, despite adequate waste management efforts, the surge in visitors creates challenges in maintaining environmental cleanliness and marine ecosystem health. Additionally, tourists' awareness of environmental responsibility tends to decline during high-traffic periods. This study recommends enhancing waste management facilities and intensifying environmental education to support sustainable tourism management at Ancol Beach.  

This study was conducted to evaluate how the Gojek application contributes to the development of the digital economy, especially for Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Tanjung Pinang City. Together with the rapid development of digital technology, Gojek has become a solution for MSMEs in expanding market share, increasing operational efficiency, and easy access to financial services. This research explores qualitative methods that take a case study approach to MSME players who utilize the Gojek application. The research shows that the Gojek application makes a significant contribution to the development of the digital economy of MSMEs in Tanjung Pinang by providing easy access to marketing, delivery of goods, and digital payments. In addition, MSME entrepreneurs in Tanjung Pinang benefit in gaining cost and time efficiency, while increasing revenue from their sales. However, there are still some obstacles that need to be overcome related to technological adjustments, infrastructure limitations, and costs that must be borne by MSME players.

The ABC Method emerged in response to the weaknesses of traditional methods, such as the production volume-based cost calculation method. The purpose of this study is to analyze the Application of the Activity-Based Costing (ABC) Method in Measuring Cost Efficiency and Financial Performance. The research method used is literature study or Library Research with a qualitative approach. The literature used is literature from the results of research or reviews presented in national and international scientific articles that are in accordance with accounting. All articles used are sourced from Mendeley's literacy data search engine and Google scholar. Based on a literature review from several articles on the results and discussion, the conclusions that can be drawn are: The application of the Activity-Based Costing (ABC) Method has a significant impact on cost efficiency and the company's financial performance.    

Training on the use of Zenodo as a personal repository for lecturers is a strategic initiative to increase the productivity and visibility of scientific works. Zenodo offers an open-source platform that enables publication management with features such as DOI and structured metadata, which are essential to support global citations and recognition. However, many lecturers do not understand the importance of using these private repositories, especially regarding the role of DOIs and metadata in strengthening their academic impact. For this reason, this training is designed with a comprehensive method, starting with the creation of training modules, publication in the academic community, and online implementation via Zoom. A hands-on lab approach  is used to ensure participants understand and practice Zenodo management firsthand. The results of the training held in July 2024 showed a very high level of satisfaction, with 90% of participants feeling very satisfied and the rest satisfied. Participants came from various regions in Indonesia, including lecturers, library staff, and LPPM staff, who were interested in using Zenodo for institutional needs. The discussion revealed that most lecturers still have a minimal understanding of the importance of DOI and metadata, as well as how personal repositories can support the management of academic positions. This training provides new awareness of the importance of managing scientific works that are integrated with digital technology. In conclusion, Zenodo training has a positive impact on building technical and strategic understanding of lecturers, although further training is still needed to delve into metadata management and Zenodo optimization at the institutional level. With the right approach, this training not only improves individual competence, but also strengthens the academic competitiveness of the institution at the global level.