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The English language learning process at SDN 064037 Medan Tembung faces challenges related to a lack of interactivity and optimal utilization of learning media, particularly in the topic My Family. This research aims to analyze the impact of implementing Wordwall media in enhancing student interactivity, understanding of the material, and learning motivation. This study employs a qualitative approach through methods of observation, interviews, and documentation involving 25 fourth-grade students at SDN 064037. The findings of this study indicate that the application of Wordwall in learning significantly improves student interactivity, material comprehension, and their motivation to learn. The interactive features of Wordwall encourage students to be more active during the learning process, positively influencing their learning outcomes. Based on these findings, it is recommended that teachers utilize more varied learning media, such as Wordwall, to enhance the quality of education in elementary schools.

Rainfall potential analysis plays a critical role in the management of air resources, mitigation of hydrometeorological disasters, and agricultural activity planning. Accurate estimation of rainfall patterns is essential to ensure effective decision-making in irrigation systems, water resource management, and disaster risk reduction strategies. This study aims to model the probability of rainfall occurrence using a statistical approach based on historical data obtained from the Bureau of Meteorology. The data spans a multi-year period and captures seasonal and regional variability in rainfall events. To characterize rainfall patterns, various probability distributions are tested, including the exponential distribution and the Weibull distribution, which are commonly applied in hydrological studies. Furthermore, the Markov chain method is employed to assess the likelihood of rainfall occurrence on a given day based on the conditions of the preceding day, thereby capturing temporal dependencies. Parameter estimation is conducted using Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE), a robust statistical method that enhances the precision of the model. The suitability of each probability distribution in representing the observed rainfall data is evaluated through goodness-of-fit tests such as the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. The findings reveal that certain distributions align more closely with the local rainfall characteristics, demonstrating the importance of regional analysis in climate modeling. The combination of probabilistic modeling, Markov analysis, and rigorous statistical testing provides a reliable framework for forecasting rainfall. These results are expected to serve as a scientific basis for stakeholders in agriculture, environmental planning, and disaster preparedness, offering insights that support sustainable water resource utilization and risk management.

This study aims to analyze the implementation of the Free Nutritious Meal Program (MBG) in underdeveloped regions, with a case study conducted in Merauke Regency, South Papua Province. The main focus is to examine to what extent the policy reflects the principles of social justice, particularly for vulnerable groups such as students from low-income families, indigenous communities, and those living in remote areas. This research adopts a descriptive qualitative approach using in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and document analysis. The findings reveal that the MBG program has positively contributed to student attendance, improved nutritional intake, and alleviated household economic burdens. However, disparities in access, logistical challenges, and resource limitations remain significant obstacles. From  social justice, the program has yet to fully meet the difference principle, as students in the most disadvantaged areas face the greatest barriers to access. Likewise, through the lens of capability approach, institutional limitations and a lack of community engagement hinder the program’s effective utilization. The study concludes that while MBG is a progressive public policy initiative, improvements are needed in implementation design, inter-agency coordination, and local-based approaches. Recommendations include strengthening logistics, promoting local food diversification, and establishing participatory evaluation mechanisms to ensure the program’s sustainability and equity.

The study examines Nigeria's resource allocation and usage as the gap in the country's pursuit of sustainable progress. The primary goal of the study is to investigate how Nigeria has struggled to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) due to inefficient use and distribution of financial, human, and material resources. Human and material resources are essential in every aspect of a company. An organization's ability to advance in all directions might be hindered by poorly managed human and material resources. Resources management offers a systematic assessment, requisitioning, and approval process for the evaluation and acquisition of products, equipment, and resources. The goal of resources management is to continuously seek opportunities to reduce costs and improve performance through the cost-effective selection and standardization of products, equipment, and related processes. A successful and efficient local government system will be preceded by well-managed human resources and material resources. while preserving or raising the standard of the services and care that are offered to the public. Subjectivism serves as the ontological orientation in this study, which employs a qualitative approach grounded in interpretivist philosophy. According to the study's findings, corruption, ethnic prejudices, poor governance, a lack of accountability, a lack of transparency, and unnecessary expenditure on pointless activities have all contributed to Nigeria's egregious inefficiency in resource allocation and use. According to the study's conclusion, Nigeria would be headed toward sustainable development if appropriate project planning, implementation, monitoring, and evaluation were done transparently and resources were used and distributed effectively. Therefore, the report suggests that Nigeria adopt economic and technical efficiencies in the distribution and use of its resources in order to achieve the aims of sustainable development.

Museums are locations that store various collections of cultural and historical heritage, have great potential to attract tourists. Lubuklinggau city students and students utilize the museum as a place of learning to know and understand the heritage that is in the museum. The museum in Lubuklinggau city is the Subkos museum which is located in the center of Lubuiklinggau city. Visiting a museum is not just coming, but also a process of understanding, learning, and appreciating the history and culture that we encounter in various museum collections. Unfortunately, the existence of museums is still not considered by the community, especially in its utilization as a learning tool. The management of existing museums needs to be well organized and adapted to the times. Nowadays, museums do not only focus on collections, but on how to attract visitors and make them an educational resource. This research adopts a qualitative method. The data used consists of two types: first, primary data obtained through direct interviews with museum managers, and second, secondary data taken from articles in relevant journals.

A healthy latrine is one of the essential sanitation facilities aimed at maintaining environmental health and improving public health in general. This research was conducted because the use of healthy latrines in Webetun Village remains low, where defecating in the forest has become a common practice among the community. This habit triggers the emergence of diseases such as diarrhea, malnutrition, undernutrition, dengue fever, and respiratory infections. This study aims to examine the behavior of latrine use in households in Webetun Village, Rinhat Subdistrict, Malaka Regency. This research uses a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional design. The study involved 66 housewives who owned healthy latrines, selected through simple random sampling. Data analysis was conducted using the chi-square test. The results showed that variables such as latrine ownership (p=0.000) and water availability (p=0.000) were significantly associated with latrine use, while knowledge (p=0.681), attitude (p=0.588), actions (p=0.007), community leader support (p=0.081), and health worker support (p=0.069) were not significantly associated with latrine use. The findings revealed that water availability significantly influences latrine use. The availability of water facilitates family members in utilizing latrine facilities for activities such as flushing and maintaining cleanliness. Water availability also contributes to user comfort in maintaining latrine hygiene. Conversely, water scarcity hinders optimal latrine use by family members, potentially reducing utilization levels. The study findings also identified a correlation between latrine ownership and its use. Families are considered critical factors in shaping individual health behavior. The relationship between proper latrine ownership and usage behavior can be seen through the role of education in increasing awareness levels for adopting a healthy and clean lifestyle. 

The alignment of budget planning with funding sources is a crucial aspect of financial management in Islamic educational organizations to ensure operational sustainability and improve the quality of educational services. This study aims to analyze strategies that can be implemented in drafting and adjusting budget plans with various funding sources, such as government funds, zakat, infaq, waqf, community donations, and student contributions. This research employs the library research method, which involves collecting and analyzing various literature related to Islamic educational financial management. The results indicate that the principles of efficiency, effectiveness, transparency, and accountability must be applied in managing educational funds to ensure optimal budget utilization. One of the key indicators for maintaining financial balance is the budget balance ratio, which measures the extent to which an organization’s revenue can cover its expenditures. If the ratio reaches or exceeds 100%, it indicates a surplus that can be allocated for institutional development. However, if the ratio is below 100%, a deficit occurs that must be addressed immediately through cost efficiency strategies, diversification of funding sources, and optimization of productive waqf assets. This study emphasizes that a systematic and sustainable financial strategy is essential for maintaining the financial stability of Islamic educational organizations. By implementing well-structured budget planning, strict supervision, and diversified funding sources, organizations can ensure financial sustainability and enhance the overall quality of Islamic education. 

Budget planning in Islamic educational institutions is a crucial factor in ensuring the sustainability and effectiveness of financial management. This article analyzes the strategies for preparing budget plans in Islamic educational institutions from operational and technical perspectives. Proper planning ensures the optimal allocation of resources to support the learning process, facility maintenance, and quality improvement in education. This study highlights the importance of transparency, accountability, and the use of performance-based approaches in budget management. Additionally, government regulations, stakeholder involvement, and the utilization of technology are key factors in enhancing the efficiency and effectiveness of budget planning in Islamic education. The findings of this study are expected to provide insights for Islamic education administrators in developing a more structured and sustainable financial strategy.

Inclusive schools are schools that accept students with certain special needs and implement a learning system by uniting students with special needs and normal students in one class. At SDIT Baitussalam, one of the inclusive schools in Prambanan, four totally deaf students have different learning abilities than normal students. This study aims to identify challenges, teaching strategies, and supporting factors for the success of English teaching strategies for deaf students in inclusive classes. This study used a qualitative descriptive method by interviewing three English subject teachers who had taught deaf students in inclusive classes. The results of the study found four main challenges in teaching, namely limited speaking ability, limited use of sign language, differences in cognitive development, and student learning motivation. In addition, there are six strategies applied in teaching English in inclusive classes, namely choral response, peer tutoring, visual representation and concrete objects, technology optimization, implementation of social interaction, and utilization of practice exercises. The success of implementing these strategies is supported by four main factors, namely support from educators and education personnel, parental support, availability of adequate facilities and infrastructure, and support from friends and the surrounding environment. This research can help teachers find the right strategy for teaching English in inclusive classes, especially for deaf students, so that learning can take place more effectively and inclusively.

This article aims to identify the types of language styles utilized by the characters as well as to analyze the factors that influence its utilization in the movie Oppenheimer through the application of Joos’ (1967) types of language styles theory and Holmes’ (2013) social factors and dimensions theory. This article employed a qualitative method to analyze both the types of language styles and the factors that influence the characters to utilize different types of language styles in the movie Oppenheimer. In collecting the data, this article employed a documentation method and a note-taking technique. In analyzing the data, this article employed a descriptive qualitative method to ensure a detailed and thorough analysis of the data. In presenting the analysis, a descriptive qualitative method was employed to present the data thoroughly by using words and sentences. Based on the findings, the characters in the movie Oppenheimer utilized all types of language styles, which include frozen style, formal style, consultative style, casual style, and intimate style. Moreover, there are four main components that influence the characters to utilize different types of language styles, namely, participants, setting, topic, and function.

Utilization of fermented layer chicken excreta as a feed medium for Black Soldier Fly (BSF) maggots is a sustainable solution for organic waste management. Chicken excreta contains 13-32% crude protein, but has disadvantages such as unbalanced nutrient composition and unpleasant odor. Fermentation of chicken excreta can improve maggot production performance by reducing pathogens, odor, and facilitating digestion. The growth medium of 50% excreta + 50% tofu dregs produced the highest PK, which was 34.34%. The lowest SK and LK were obtained from the growth medium of 50% excreta + 50% tofu dregs and 25% excreta + 75% tofu dregs. Based on physical conditions, the longest and heaviest maggot sizes were obtained from the growth medium of 50% excreta + 50% bran + 5 ml EM4. Meanwhile, the shortest maggots were obtained from the growth medium of 75% coconut dregs + 25% excreta and the lightest maggots were obtained from the growth medium of 100% excreta.

This study aims to analyze the marketing strategy implemented by the Regional National Crafts Council (DEKRANASDA) in Samosir Regency in developing local craft products and enhancing their competitiveness. This research employs a qualitative approach with data collection techniques through interviews, observation, and documentation. The findings reveal that DEKRANASDA has applied the elements of the marketing mix, including product, price, place, and promotion. However, several significant challenges persist, particularly in terms of limited promotional media and intense market competition. One major obstacle is the insufficient utilization of digital media as a marketing tool, which results in a limited market reach. Furthermore, product innovation needs to be improved to better align with consumer preferences and current market trends. Therefore, this study recommends that DEKRANASDA develop a digital-based marketing strategy, such as utilizing social media, e-commerce platforms, and an official website to enhance promotional reach. Additionally, innovation in design, raw materials, and product variations should be undertaken to attract consumers and compete in a broader market. This research provides important insights into the development of more effective marketing strategies to increase the income and competitiveness of craft products in Samosir Regency.

Social media has become an effective marketing tool for young artists to introduce and promote their work to a broader audience. This study aims to analyze social media marketing strategies that can enhance the visibility and sales of artistic works. The research employs a literature review approach with content analysis of relevant studies published between 2018 and 2024. The findings indicate that effective social media marketing strategies for young artists consist of three main aspects: personal branding, algorithm optimization, and monetization strategies. Strong personal branding through visual consistency and storytelling has been proven to increase audience engagement and strengthen artists’ competitiveness on digital platforms. In terms of algorithm optimization, the use of short-form videos, consistent posting frequency, and SEO implementation play a vital role in expanding the reach of artistic content. Meanwhile, monetization strategies such as the utilization of e-commerce platforms, subscription-based models, and Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs) have proven effective in converting audience engagement into a more stable source of income. This study contributes to the development of digital marketing literature within the creative industry and serves as a practical guide for young artists in optimizing social media as a marketing tool. The findings also provide a foundation for the development of more effective and adaptive digital marketing strategies in response to the dynamic and evolving trends of the creative industry.

This study aims to analyze the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) in the development of culinary MSMEs in Central Java Province. A descriptive qualitative approach was used, with data collection conducted through interviews, observations, and secondary document review. Data analysis was performed using the Miles and Huberman interactive model, which allowed for the systematic processing and interpretation of the gathered data. The findings revealed that the key strengths of culinary MSMEs in Central Java include clear market segmentation, strategic locations, and product innovation. These strengths enable the businesses to reach targeted customers effectively and maintain competitiveness in a dynamic market. However, the main weaknesses identified include limited utilization of digital technology and a lack of managerial development, which hinder their ability to scale and improve operational efficiency. The study also highlighted significant opportunities for growth, such as government support for MSMEs and the rapid development of digital technologies that can enhance marketing and operational processes. Despite these opportunities, the threats facing these businesses include intense competition from both local and global players, as well as a low level of interest in entrepreneurship among the younger generation, which limits the growth potential of new businesses. Based on the SWOT analysis, the study proposes a development strategy matrix that MSMEs and policymakers can use to address weaknesses, capitalize on opportunities, and mitigate threats. This strategy emphasizes the need for digital transformation, investment in managerial skills, and fostering an entrepreneurial culture to ensure the sustainable growth of culinary MSMEs in the region. The findings provide valuable insights for both business owners and policymakers to support the development of the culinary sector in Central Java

In the current digital era this, industry hospitality sued for keep going adapt with development technology and change behavior consumers. One of the modern marketing strategies that is starting to Lots used is utilization of digital influencers, namely individuals who have influence big on social media and capable influence opinion public. Research this aiming for know how far can a digital influencer strategy go? increase image of Savoy Homann Hotel in Bandung City. Research this done with method studies library, using approach descriptive qualitative. Research results show that utilization of digital influencers can strengthen hotel branding, improve visibility on digital platforms, as well as build trust and loyalty Customers. Research This expected can become reference for perpetrator industry hospitality in develop more marketing strategies​ effective and relevant with current development .

This study aims to determine the effect of financial management (X1), application of accounting information systems (X2), quality of human resources (X3), utilization of e-commerce (X4) on financial performance (Y) Culinary UMKM in Solo City. The samples taken were 100 respondents, using the slovin formula. The method used in this data analysis technique uses instrument data testing, classical assumption testing, multiple linear regression and hypothesis testing. The method of collecting data is by distributing questionnaires to the heads of culinary UMKM actors in the city of Solo. The results showed that the variables of financial management (X1), application of accounting information systems (X2), quality of human resources (X3), utilization of e-commerce (X4) had a positive effect on the financial performance (Y) of culinary UMKM  in Solo.

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) loading and unloading process at PT Pertamina Energy Tanjung Sekong Terminal, a key infrastructure in Indonesia's national energy distribution. The evaluation was based on technical and operational indicators, including the Berthing Occupancy Ratio (BOR), Length Over All (LOA), berthing time, cargo volume, and vessel visit frequency. The results show that BOR ranged between 55–65%, indicating efficient jetty utilization. The average vessel LOA was 120 meters, matching the jetty’s capacity. The average berthing time was recorded at 18 hours per visit, with unloading volumes between 2,500–3,000 metric tons and vessel frequency ranging from 8 to 10 visits per month. The main constraints affecting effectiveness included extreme weather, technical equipment failures, and limited supporting facilities. This study recommends improving equipment maintenance, strengthening operational coordination, and developing a risk management system to ensure smooth and sustainable LPG handling operations at the terminal.

Good financial planning can create operational effectiveness in educational institutions. This article analyzes the importance of financial planning in school management, covering aspects such as the development of facilities and infrastructure, the improvement of student learning quality, and teacher welfare. The research method used is quantitative with a library research approach, where data is obtained from various scholarly articles and relevant books sourced from Google Scholar. The findings indicate that schools effectively apply for funding and evaluate fund utilization annually. Poor financial planning can disrupt school operations, leading to issues such as delayed teacher salaries, insufficient learning facilities, and other challenges. To achieve effective financial management, technological mastery is essential to ensure operations that are effective, efficient, and accountable.

Shrimp is one of the marine resources with significant economic potential, particularly in tropical regions. The utilization of shrimp can contribute substantially to the economy of coastal communities. This study aims to analyze the economic potential of shrimp and its utilization by coastal communities in tropical regions. The results of the study indicate that shrimp has significant economic potential, with production values reaching hundreds of millions of dollars per year. However, the utilization of shrimp by coastal communities is still suboptimal due to limited market access, lack of knowledge on shrimp processing technology, and inadequate government support. This study recommends several strategies to enhance the utilization of shrimp by coastal communities, including market infrastructure development, training on shrimp processing technology, and increased government support.

This study aims to determine the optimal queue system configuration for online motorcycle taxi driver partner registration services at the PT XYZ Bali Branch Office using a quantitative approach. Data on arrival time, service time, and operational costs were analyzed through queuing theory using the POM-QM software. The analysis results show that although phases 1, 2, and 4 meet efficiency criteria (utilization below 70%), reducing the number of servers in phases 1 and 2 can lower operational costs, as the queuing cost is lower than the service cost. Meanwhile, phase 3 shows a high utilization rate (80%), but adding a server increases the total cost. Therefore, the study recommends implementing an interchange schedule to dynamically allocate servers during peak hours to maintain a balance between cost efficiency and service capacity. Additionally, the implementation of self-service in phase 2 is proposed to enhance efficiency without reducing service capacity, with experimental results showing an increase in service rates from 2 to 7 registrants per hour. These findings contribute to the development of a more efficient and applicable queuing model and serve as a reference for companies in improving service quality and registrant satisfaction.