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An Anthology of Opinions Towards a Healthy Indonesia and Optimal State Revenue through Tobacco Excise Policy Reform contains ideas related to tobacco excise policy in supporting public health and optimizing state revenue. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of sentences in a collection of opinion pieces about a healthy Indonesia and optimal state revenue through tobacco excise policy reform. In conducting the research, the authors used a methodological approach in the form of a qualitative descriptive method. Data collection with this method is done using reading and recording techniques. This research uses text analysis techniques with a qualitative descriptive analysis approach as a data analysis technique. Based on the analysis that has been carried out on Bunga Rampai Collection of Opinions Towards a Healthy Indonesia and Optimal Revenue through Tobacco Excise Policy Reform, 11 effective sentences have been found. Meanwhile, errors related to EYD and KBBI were also found with details in the form of 16 ineffective sentences, 31 ambiguous sentences, 5 sentences with capitalization errors, 12 sentences with nonstandard words, and 18 sentences with other types of errors. In addition to being used as a reference for analyzing sentence effectiveness, this research is also useful for enriching the study of tobacco excise policy communication, especially for RPJM 2025-2029 policymakers. In addition, this research can also be used as a reference for further research related to sentence effectiveness.

The effectiveness of sentences has a very important influence on the quality of the content of a literary work. In writing essays, it is important to use effective sentences so that implied and explicit messages can be conveyed clearly and well. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of sentences in essay texts on the April 2024 Edition of the "Metafor.id" Page as teaching materials for reading comprehension. This study uses two approaches, namely the methodological approach and the theoretical approach. The methodological approach uses a qualitative descriptive approach, while the theoretical approach applies syntactic analysis to evaluate the quality of content and analyze effective sentences. The data collection technique in this study uses intensive reading techniques and note-taking techniques. The data that has been collected is then analyzed using the distribution method.This research is expected to be useful for readers in writing good and correct essay texts in accordance with linguistic rules so as to produce cohesive essay texts and effectively structured sentences.

Eleutherine bulbosa (Mill.) and Allium cepa L. (including garlic and onion peel) are medicinal plants that have long been traditionally used to treat cancer, diabetes, hypertension, infectious diseases, and inflammation. Recent scientific studies emphasize the importance of extract standardization to ensure consistent quality, safety, and efficacy. Standardization includes specific parameters—such as organoleptic identification, water- and ethanol-soluble extract values, phytochemical profiles, and determination of marker compounds—and nonspecific parameters such as moisture content, loss on drying, total ash, and acid-insoluble ash. Ethanol extract of E. bulbosa showed moisture and drying loss values below 10%, total flavonoid content of around 1.2%, and positive phytochemical tests for alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and quinones. Onion peel extract contains a high flavonoid content (7.84 mg QE/g) with moderate antioxidant capacity (DPPH IC₅₀ 152.65 µg/mL), while fermented garlic (black garlic) contains more than 12% polyphenols and more than 2% flavonoids, as well as a high level of S-allyl-L-cysteine (SAC) as a stable bioactive compound. The pharmacological activities of these standardized extracts include strong antioxidant effects, α-glucosidase inhibition for antidiabetic activity, induction of apoptosis and anti-angiogenesis as anticancer potential, membrane disruption and enzyme inhibition for antimicrobial activity, as well as COX/LOX modulation for anti-inflammatory effects. These activities are directly correlated with the secondary metabolite composition of each material. With their phytochemical richness and diverse biological activities, E. bulbosa and A. cepa have great potential as raw materials for standardized herbal products. Further in vivo studies and clinical trials are needed to validate their therapeutic efficacy and to support the development of evidence-based phytopharmaceuticals.

The method used in this analysis is descriptive qualitative. Data were collected by watching Kemal Palevi’s podcast video and taking notes on important points in line with the analysis. The results of this analysis show that Kemal Pahlevi frequently uses locutioary speech acts in his content. Locutionary speech acst are speech acts delivered to state something. This research produced findings in the form of declarative and interrogative locutionaryspeech acts. The benefit of this reseach is to enrich knowledge in the field of pragmatics, particulary regarding locutionary speech acts.

Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM) memiliki peran krusial dalam perekonomian Indonesia, namun masih menghadapi kendala dalam aspek pemasaran dan branding produk. Salah satu tantangan yang dihadapi oleh UMKM di Desa Kalipucang Wetan, Kecamatan Welahan, adalah minimnya inovasi dalam desain kemasan serta kurangnya pemanfaatan strategi pemasaran digital. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan daya tarik produk UMKM, khususnya Kerupuk Lala 73, dengan mengembangkan desain kemasan yang lebih menarik serta menerapkan strategi digital marketing. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini mencakup observasi, pendampingan, pelatihan, dan evaluasi terhadap pelaku UMKM. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembaruan pada desain label dan kemasan mampu meningkatkan daya tarik produk, sedangkan pemanfaatan platform digital seperti TikTok, Facebook, dan marketplace lainnya berhasil memperluas jangkauan pasar. Dengan strategi pemasaran digital yang tepat, produk UMKM berpotensi lebih dikenal luas dan memiliki peluang yang lebih besar dalam meningkatkan penjualan.

Hypertension is an increase in systolic blood pressure of more than 140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure of more than 90 mmHg. Hypertension is not only at high risk of suffering from heart disease, but also suffering from other diseases such as nerve, kidney, and blood vessel diseases and the higher the blood pressure the greater the risk, Signs and symptoms of hypertension that are often felt are dizziness, sleep disturbances, blurred vision, and headaches. One of the non-pharmacological treatments that can be done for hypertension sufferers is progressive muscle relaxation. The purpose of this paper is to discuss progressive muscle relaxation therapy for lowering blood pressure in hypertensive patients. The writing method uses a descriptive design with a nursing process approach. The results of the writing show that there is a decrease in blood pressure after progressive muscle relaxation therapy is carried out for 5 days, the results obtained before 150/80 mmHg and after 120/80 mmHg.

The elderly is among the most vulnerable groups in society due to progressive biological decline that weakens physical resistance, making them prone to chronic diseases such as hypertension. Hypertension is one of the most common multifactorial disorders in older adults, and its severity may be influenced by anxiety, which stimulates the sympathetic nervous system and increases blood pressure. This study aimed to examine the relationship between anxiety levels and hypertension among the elderly in the working area of Andalas Health Center, Padang City. An analytic study with a cross-sectional design was conducted involving 81 elderly participants diagnosed with hypertension, selected through accidental sampling based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The Geriatric Anxiety Scale (GAS) was employed as the research instrument, while data analysis used the Chi-square test. Results showed that the majority of respondents experienced mild anxiety (67 respondents, 82.7%) and uncontrolled hypertension (54 respondents, 66.6%). Statistical analysis revealed a p-value of 0.534, indicating no significant association between anxiety levels and hypertension in the elderly population studied. These findings are consistent with several previous studies reporting that the relationship between anxiety and blood pressure in the elderly is often inconsistent, largely due to other risk factors including age, gender, low physical activity, comorbidities, and poor adherence to antihypertensive treatment. The implication of this study highlights the necessity of a holistic approach to hypertension management in the elderly, addressing not only psychological aspects but also lifestyle modification, treatment adherence education, and strengthening public health programs. Therefore, this research is expected to serve as input for health workers at community health centers to improve strategies for preventing and controlling hypertension in elderly populations.

Refill Drinking Water Depots (DAMIU) are businesses that provide ready-to-drink drinking water through raw water processing using simple and modern technology. The existence of DAMIU is very important in meeting the community's need for drinking water, but aspects of sanitation hygiene and water quality must remain a primary concern to avoid health risks. This study aims to describe the sanitation hygiene conditions and assess the microbiological quality of refill drinking water at DAMIU in the Indralaya Community Health Center working area in 2025. The study used a descriptive method with a laboratory approach to 27 refill drinking water depots. Data were collected through observations of location conditions, buildings, equipment, and handler hygiene, and laboratory examinations were conducted on raw water and processed water samples. The results showed that the majority of depots (92%) had met the requirements related to location and buildings, while all depots (100%) met the standards for processing equipment. However, drinking water handlers still did not comply with applicable hygiene standards (100%). Only 70% of depots had suitable raw water sources, with 55% using the Sukomoro source, 41% using drilled wells, and 4% using the Dewa Air Prabumulih source. Laboratory tests found that two depots (8%) had raw water that tested positive for Escherichia coli, but all treated water samples met established microbiological standards. Overall, this study concluded that the location, building, and equipment of the Drinking Water Supply Unit (DAMIU) in the Indralaya Community Health Center (Puskesmas) area were satisfactory, but handler hygiene remained a weakness that needed immediate improvement. Furthermore, the physical and chemical quality of the water still required attention, although the microbiological quality met standards.  

Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) are major health problems that are influenced by genetic, physiological, environmental, and behavioral factors of individuals. One of the most common NCDs is Diabetes Mellitus (DM). Based on data from the Semarang City Health Office in 2023, there are 5,991 cases of DM that not only affect the elderly, but also adolescents, adults, and pre-elderly groups. This condition shows that type 2 DM is a serious challenge that affects the quality of life of sufferers. This study aims to analyze the relationship between family support and quality of life of type 2 DM patients at the Mangkang Semarang Health Center. The research method used is quantitative with a correlative descriptive design. A sample of 120 respondents was obtained through accidental sampling techniques, while data was collected by standardized questionnaires. The results showed that the average age of the respondents was 54 years old with the majority being female (55.2%) and having an elementary school education level (53.3%). The average family support score was 81.38, while the average quality of life of patients reached 86.15. This study concluded that patients with type 2 diabetes generally received good family support and had a positive quality of life. Furthermore, there is a positive relationship between family support and quality of life, where the greater the support provided, the more optimal the quality of life of type 2 DM patients.

Speech delay in children is a developmental issue commonly encountered in society, which can affect various aspects of a child's life, including communication, social interaction, and academic development. Early detection of speech delay is crucial for providing appropriate interventions to minimize its long-term impact on the child. This study aims to introduce the use of machine learning algorithms in detecting speech delay symptoms in children. Three machine learning algorithms applied in this study are Naïve Bayes, C4.5, and K-Nearest Neighbor (K-NN). These algorithms are used to classify speech delay symptoms based on health data, medical history, and environmental factors such as speaking habits and eating patterns. The outreach was conducted at Puskesmas Kota Rantauprapat with the involvement of parents and healthcare providers as participants. The experimental results showed that all three algorithms performed well in terms of accuracy, though with varying error rates. Naïve Bayes achieved relatively high accuracy but had a higher false positive rate compared to C4.5 and K-NN. C4.5 provided more stable results and was easier to interpret due to its decision tree structure. Meanwhile, K-NN performed better with data that had irregular distribution. This outreach is expected to assist both the community and healthcare providers in early detection of speech delay in children, providing a more efficient and affordable means for early intervention, which ultimately leads to better outcomes for children with speech delay.

The quality of nursing care is reflected in the implementation of professional nursing care. Professional and qualified nurses must possess both hard skills and soft skills, as success in the workplace is influenced by soft skills (80%) and hard skills (20%). Indonesia still faces many challenges in achieving nursing care quality that reflects professional practice. The way nursing care is provided is not entirely focused on meeting the client's needs but is more oriented toward task completion. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between the professional team nursing care model and the quality of nursing care in the inpatient ward. This is a quantitative study using a correlational approach with a cross-sectional design. The study sample consisted of 146 respondents using purposive sampling. Data analysis utilized the Spearman rank correlation technique. The respondents were predominantly female, held a bachelor's degree, and had less than five years of work experience. Most of the MAKP met the criteria, and most reported that the quality of care was good. Based on bivariate analysis, a significant relationship was found between MAKP and the quality of inpatient care at RSI Sultan Agung Semarang. This result is shown by a correlation coefficient of 0.807 with a positive relationship and a significance value of 0.000 (p-value < 0.05). There is a significant relationship between MAKP and the quality of inpatient care services at RSI Sultan Agung Semarang.

Hypertension is an abnormal increase in blood pressure in the arteries that persists over a period of time. Hypertension is defined as an increase in systolic blood pressure of at least 140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure of at least 90 mmHg. Symptoms experienced by people with hypertension include dizziness, irritability, ringing in the ears, difficulty sleeping, shortness of breath, heaviness in the neck, fatigue, and blurred vision. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of warm foot baths with salt and recitation of prayers on the blood pressure of patients with hypertension. The method used is quantitative, with a pre-experimental research design using a one-group pre-test-post-test design. Hydrotherapy is performed by soaking the feet in warm water mixed with salt and reciting prayers using 3 liters of warm water at a temperature of 38-40ºC mixed with 15 grams or 3 teaspoons of salt for 15-20 minutes. In addition to warm water foot soaking therapy, it can also be combined with incorporating elements of faith, one form of which is recitation. Sampling was conducted using non-probability sampling techniques. For the sample size in this study, the researcher used the Slovin sample size formula, which is used to calculate the minimum sample size in a finite population with a total sampling approach and 16 respondents. Conclusion: Warm foot bath therapy with salt mixture and recitation has an effect on blood pressure changes in hypertensive patients.

Kaloran Village is an area characterized by steep slope topography that makes it vulnerable to landslides, especially during the rainy season with high rainfall intensity. Although the landslide risk level in this village is still relatively low and has never caused any casualties, the potential for material losses and psychosocial impacts that may arise still need to be seriously anticipated. Disaster risk reduction efforts in Kaloran Village are carried out through the Disaster Resilient Village Work Program (Destana), which aims to increase the capacity and capability of the community in facing disaster threats. The program implementation method consists of three main stages: preparation through focus group discussions (FGDs) and interviews with stakeholders, preparation of the Destana document containing mitigation strategies and steps, and community empowerment through socialization activities and preparedness training. The results of the study indicate that Kaloran Village is categorized as a Medium Resilient Village with a resilience score of 68.97. This achievement serves as an important basis for strengthening the village preparedness system, which is followed up with the establishment of the Disaster Risk Reduction Forum (FPRB) "Kaloran Tangguh Rescue" as a community coordination forum. In addition, evacuation route maps were produced, which serve as technical guidance in the event of a disaster, and the development of the Destana (Disaster Preparedness and Disaster Management) and Contingency Plan (Renkon) documents, which serve as official guidelines for disaster mitigation and management efforts at the village level. This program demonstrates that active community participation, collaboration between stakeholders, and the development of strategic documents can strengthen village preparedness for the threat of landslides.

VIA is a simple test. The VIA test is a method for early detection of cervical cancer by applying 3-5% acetic acid or vinegar. It has a 96% accuracy rate; abnormal areas will turn white. If there is no color change, it can be assumed that there is no cervical infection. This VIA test is important for fertile couples, including preconception women with PUS. To determine the relationship between knowledge and family role with compliance with VIA testing in preconception women with PUS at the Ajangale Community Health Center (UPT). This study used an observational research method with a cross-sectional approach. The population in this study were all PUS women aged 20-35 years at the UPT Ajangale Community Health Center. Sampling was carried out using a total sampling technique, obtaining 30 respondents. Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire. The collected data were then processed and analyzed using the SPSS statistical program and analyzed using the chi-square test. The study showed a relationship between compliance with VIA testing and two variables studied: knowledge (p=0.000) and family role (0.000). Compliance with VIA testing in preconceptional women with PUS is influenced by both knowledge and family role. This study focused on preconception women with PUS at the Ajangale Community Health Center, aiming to understand the factors that influence their compliance with VIA testing. By analyzing the relationship between knowledge and family role with VIA compliance, the study highlights the importance of educating women about the benefits of early cervical cancer detection and the pivotal role families play in supporting health-seeking behaviors.

A high-sodium and low-potassium consumption pattern can increase the risk of hypertension. Excess sodium can cause fluid retention and increase blood volume, while potassium plays a role in regulating fluid balance and blood pressure. This study aims to determine the relationship between high-sodium and high-potassium consumption patterns and the incidence of hypertension at the City Community Health Center (UPT Puskesmas) in Bantaeng Regency. The research method used was quantitative analytic with a cross-sectional study approach. The study population was all 278 patients visiting the City Community Health Center (UPT Puskesmas) in Bantaeng Regency. The sample size was 74 residents of the community at the City Community Health Center (UPT Puskesmas). Purposive sampling was used. The research instrument used was a questionnaire, which was distributed to respondents. The Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) was used for sodium and potassium consumption. The results showed a relationship between sodium consumption and the incidence of hypertension (p=0.003 meaning Ha was accepted.The results showed a relationship between potassium consumption and the incidence of hypertension (p=0.001) meaning Ha was accepted. Researchers hope that this research can be used as a support or source of information to develop knowledge in the field of community health, especially in nursing, related to sodium and potassium consumption in reducing blood pressure in hypertension patients.

Bali tourism is currently facing challenges such as environmental degradation and overtourism due to the massive influx of visitors. As a solution that has been implemented in various countries, the Tourist Levy began to be applied in Bali on February 14, 2024, through Regional Regulation No. 6 of 2023, known as the Foreign Tourist Levy, with the aim of protecting Bali’s nature and culture towards quality tourism. This research becomes urgent to examine the implications of the foreign tourist levy on Bali’s sustainable tourism. Although this regulation has noble intentions, its implementation has generated various responses from international tourists and tourism stakeholders in Bali. This condition has prompted the author to conduct an in-depth study. The objectives of this research are: (1) To analyze the implementation of the foreign tourist levy (International Tourist Levy) policy in Bali, (2) To analyze the challenges in implementing the foreign tourist levy (International Tourist Levy) policy on sustainable tourism in Bali, and (3) To analyze the implications of the foreign tourist levy (International Tourist Levy) policy for international tourists and tourism stakeholders in realizing sustainable tourism. The method used in this research is a descriptive approach. The types of data employed are qualitative and quantitative data. Data collection methods include observation, interviews, questionnaires, and documentation, analyzed using qualitative descriptive data analysis techniques. The results of this study indicate that the International Tourist Levy has great potential in strengthening sustainable tourism in Bali. The majority of tourists support the sustainability goals of this policy, although some express concerns about the transparency of fund utilization and the impact of additional costs on travel decisions. Meanwhile, tourism industry players demonstrate positive adaptation, with emphasis on the need for strengthening socialization, transparency, and collaboration among stakeholders. This research recommends enhancing public communication and conducting regular evaluations of the policy to be more responsive to the dynamics and needs of tourists. Thus, this policy is expected to serve as a model for foreign tourists’ contributions in supporting the preservation of Bali’s cultural and natural heritage in a sustainable manner.

Hypertension or high blood pressure is a medical condition that can cause serious complications, such as stroke and heart disease. The causes of hypertension are very diverse, ranging from unhealthy diet, lack of physical activity, stress, to genetic factors. The phenomenon that occurs at the UPTD Menteng Palangka Raya Health Center, namely that there are still many families who have not carried out their role as the right family members and have not been able to overcome family health problems, for example, such as compliance with taking hypertension medication in family members who suffer from hypertension. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between family roles and medication adherence in family members with hypertension. This type of research is correlational using a cross-sectional  approach using a spearman rank statistical test. The sampling technique used in consecutive sampling at the Menteng Palangka Raya Health Center. Sampling in this study is based on the inclusion criteria set. Data collection in this study used questionnaires on family roles and medication adherence that had gone through validity and reliability tests with Cronbach's alpa for family role 0.89 and Cronbach's alpa for medication adherence 0.92. Based on statistical tests using  Spearman's rank , a correlation coefficient value of 0.812 with a significance value of <0.001 was obtained. It can be concluded that there is a significant relationship between the role of the family and medication compliance at the Menteng Palangka Raya Health Center. The relationship between family roles and medication adherence in family members with hypertension at the Menteng Palangka Raya Health Center.”

This study is motivated by the importance of employee performance as a key factor in achieving organizational goals. Optimal performance is significantly influenced by various factors, one of which is workload and the working environment. An unbalanced workload can hinder productivity, while a non-conducive working environment can reduce comfort and work enthusiasm. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the impact of workload and the working environment on employee performance at PT Kampung Bali Indah Jakarta Pusat, both partially and simultaneously. This study uses a quantitative approach with a saturated sample of 52 respondents. Data collection was conducted using questionnaires, and the data were analyzed using SPSS version 25. The analysis included validity and reliability tests, classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression, t-tests, F-tests, and the coefficient of determination. The results show that workload has no significant partial effect on employee performance. This indicates that, although excessive workload can affect performance, other factors play a more dominant role in influencing employee performance. In contrast, the working environment has a positive and significant impact on employee performance. A conducive work environment provides comfort for employees to work more effectively and efficiently. Simultaneously, both workload and the working environment significantly affect employee performance, contributing 73.5%. This means that more than 70% of employee performance is influenced by these two factors, while the remaining performance is influenced by other factors not covered in this study. These findings suggest that to improve employee performance, the company should enhance the working environment to better support employee comfort and productivity. On the other hand, workload management should also be adjusted to remain optimal without adding excessive pressure on employees.

This study aims to analyze the winning strategy of the candidate pair Ratu Wulla and Angga Kaka in the 2024 Regional Head Election (Pilkada) of Sumba Barat Daya Regency. The main focus of this research is how the Ratu-Angga pair gained public support, particularly after Ratu Wulla's controversial decision to resign from her seat in the House of Representatives (DPR RI) to run for Regent. This research employs a descriptive qualitative approach, with data collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation.The primary theoretical framework used is Adman Nursal’s 3P political marketing strategy, which includes Push Marketing, Pull Marketing, and Pass Marketing. The findings show that Push Marketing, through face-to-face campaigns and social activities, succeeded in building emotional ties with the community. Pull Marketing effectively utilized social media to reach younger voters. Meanwhile, Pass Marketing was carried out by involving traditional leaders, religious figures, women, and youth who hold strong influence in society. These three strategies were applied synergistically and proved effective in transforming negative public perception of Ratu Wulla resignation into significant political support.The victory of the Ratu-Angga pair, with 49.03% of the valid votes, indicates the success of an inclusive, adaptive, and locally responsive political communication strategy. This research contributes significantly to the understanding of voter behavior dynamics and campaign strategies in the context of local politics in Indonesia.

This study aims to address the low learning process and outcomes of students in mathematics in grade IV of State Elementary School 138/II Daya Murni. The type of research used is classroom action research (CAR), which is carried out in two cycles, each consisting of planning, implementation, observation, and reflection stages. The subjects in this study were 13 students, and the implementation was carried out in the second semester of the 2025 academic year. Data were collected through observation, field notes, documentation, and learning outcome tests. Based on the results of the study, the Take and Give Type Cooperative model was proven to be able to improve the learning process and outcomes of students. In the first cycle, the involvement of educators in teaching was recorded at 66.66%, while in the second cycle it increased to 73.33%. Likewise, student involvement in the learning process increased from 46.61% in the first cycle to 69.23% in the second cycle. A significant increase was also seen in the completeness of student learning outcomes. In cycle I, the learning achievement rate reached 76.92%, and in cycle II, it increased to 84.61%. The implementation of the Take and Give Cooperative Model has proven effective in improving the quality of learning, both in terms of process and outcomes. Therefore, this model can be a useful alternative for educators in increasing student engagement and learning outcomes in grade IV.