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Pressure vessels are critical components in the energy industry, used to store and process high-pressure fluids. The structural reliability of these vessels plays a pivotal role in ensuring operational safety and system efficiency. This study aims to analyze the design and reliability of pressure vessels using both numerical and experimental approaches to optimize performance and enhance safety factors. The numerical method was conducted through Finite Element Analysis (FEA) using ANSYS software to evaluate stress distribution, stress concentration, and potential failure modes under various operational load scenarios. Meanwhile, the experimental method involved hydrostatic pressure testing, strain measurements using strain gauges, and displacement analysis to validate the numerical simulation results. Data were collected from simulations and laboratory experiments, then analyzed quantitatively by comparing key parameters such as stress distribution, deformation patterns, and safety factors against industry standards. The results indicate that combining numerical and experimental approaches improves the accuracy of pressure vessel behavior predictions, enables more efficient design optimization, and enhances structural reliability. In conclusion, the methods applied in this study can serve as a reference for developing safer, more efficient pressure vessel designs that comply with industrial standards, thereby supporting improved safety and operational efficiency in the energy sector.

Essentially, humans are equipped with their own individual characteristics from birth. However, over time, new traits will form and become the characteristics that are attached to each individual. The purpose of this study is to examine the character education program in the Pasukan Khusus Extracurricular at Senior High School 1 Cerme, the management process conducted, supporting factors and optimization activities, as well as the inhibiting factors and their solutions. The research method used is qualitative with a case study type. Data collection techniques include interviews, observation, and documentation. The data validity test used is credibility testing. The Pasukan Khusus Extracurricular at Senior High School 1 Cerme has five character education programs, namely: junior training (diklat junior), upgrading character, nationalism visits (kunjungan nasionalisme), attribute inspection (pemeriksaan atribut), and routine evaluations (evaluasi rutin). Pasukan Khusus Extracurricular at Senior High School 1 Cerme follows the stages of character education program management well, starting from planning, organizing, implementation, and supervision. Supporting factors include a high commitment from human resources, intensive communication between parties, support from the school, and a positive organizational culture. The optimization activities emphasize commitment and loyalty among members, full support for the program from the school, and the preservation of a good organizational culture. There are also inhibiting factors such as limited financial support, the time-consuming permission process from the school and parents, and some human resources who engage in deviations. The solutions to these problems include member contributions, sponsorships, minimizing the use of funds, submitting proposals well in advance of program implementation, and issuing warnings and sanctions to members who violate the rules.

Cybersecurity is continuously challenged by increasingly sophisticated and dynamic cyber-attacks, necessitating advanced adaptive defense mechanisms. Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) has emerged as a promising approach, offering significant advantages over traditional intrusion detection methods through real-time adaptability and self-learning capabilities. This paper presents an advanced adaptive cybersecurity framework utilizing five prominent DRL algorithms: Deep Q-Network (DQN), Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO), Twin Delayed DDPG (TD3), Soft Actor-Critic (SAC), and Asynchronous Advantage Actor-Critic (A3C). The effectiveness of these algorithms is evaluated within complex, realistic simulation environments using live-streaming data, emphasizing key metrics such as accuracy (AUC-ROC), response latency, and network throughput. Experimental results demonstrate that the SAC algorithm consistently achieves superior detection accuracy (95% AUC-ROC) and minimal disruption to network performance compared to other approaches. Additionally, A3C provides the fastest response times suitable for real-time defense scenarios. This comprehensive comparative analysis addresses critical research gaps by integrating both traditional and novel DRL techniques and validates their potential to substantially improve cybersecurity defense strategies in realistic operational settings.

process standardization, and system optimization. The study concludes that the HOT-FIT model is This study evaluates the performance of the outpatient registration information system at RSUD Komodo using the Human-Organization-Technology Fit (HOT-FIT) framework. Hospital Information Systems, particularly in the outpatient registration process, are crucial for supporting service efficiency and data accuracy. However, RSUD Komodo has experienced several challenges in the implementation of its SIMRS module, including system slowdowns, sudden monitor failures, and unstable internet connectivity during service hours. These issues hinder operational effectiveness and risk compromising service quality. The objective of this research is to assess system performance comprehensively across human, organizational, and technological dimensions. A qualitative descriptive design was employed, involving in-depth interviews with five key informants: registration staff, IT personnel, coder, head of the medical records unit, and head of the casemix team. The findings show that in the human dimension, users lacked sufficient training and adaptation strategies. In the organizational aspect, weak coordination and the absence of standardized procedures were identified. In the technology dimension, hardware malfunctions and slow system performance significantly disrupted services. These interconnected issues reveal the need for capacity buildingan effective tool for evaluating hospital information systems, offering a structured approach to identifying and resolving performance gaps in outpatient service modules.

Currently, MD Drafika faces challenges due to a lack of proper inventory management, such as safety stock regulations and reorder schedules. This has led to inventory levels that often fail to meet customer demand. The objective of this research is to optimize inventory costs at MD Drafika to enhance cost efficiency. This study employs a descriptive quantitative method, utilizing data collected through observation and interviews to explain the relevant aspects of the research object. The results of the research reveal an optimal order quantity and a reduction in inventory costs. Inventory optimization was achieved by adjusting safety stock levels and reorder points. The calculations for 2023 showed an optimal order quantity of 3,349 pieces, with four purchasing cycles within the period. The safety stock was determined to be 945 pieces, and the reorder point was 992 pieces. The cost difference between the EOQ method and the company’s current approach amounted to IDR 1,179,928.

Cancer is one of the leading causes of death in the world, with the incidence rate continuing to increase every year. Conventional treatments such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy often have limitations, especially related to selectivity towards cancer cells and toxic side effects caused to normal cells. Therefore, an alternative approach that is more effective and safe is needed. One promising approach is the utilization of bioactive compounds from natural materials that are optimized through a medicinal chemistry approach. This study aims to examine the potential of natural compounds such as epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) from green tea, berberine from Berberis vulgaris, curcumin from turmeric (Curcuma longa), and cardiotonic steroids (CTS) from Digitalis purpurea and Nerium oleander as anticancer agents, as well as their optimization strategies through structural modification, increased stability, and modern delivery technology. The method used is a systematic literature review of scientific articles from 2020 to 2025 obtained through the PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar databases. The results of the study indicate that these compounds have various anticancer mechanisms of action, such as apoptosis induction, cell cycle inhibition, and activation of specific signaling pathways such as PI3K/Akt, MAPK, and ferroptosis. However, challenges such as low bioavailability, poor stability, and toxicity are still obstacles in their application. Through a medicinal chemistry approach, these compounds can be structurally modified or reformulated to improve their clinical effectiveness. In conclusion, the combination of natural wealth with medicinal chemistry innovation opens up great opportunities in the development of more selective, effective, and safe anticancer therapies in the future.    

This community service program aims to enhance the productivity and welfare of local farmers through the optimization of male layer chicken production. Male chickens, often considered by-products of the laying hen industry, are generally overlooked and regarded as less economically viable. However, with the application of appropriate farming strategies, male chickens can become an important alternative source of protein to support food security. The methods implemented in this program include training on poultry management, the use of efficient locally-based feed, and the development of marketing strategies for the production output. The results of the program show a significant improvement in both productivity and the efficiency of male layer chicken farming among local farmers. With ongoing support, this program is expected to become a sustainable empowerment model in the small-scale livestock farming sector.

This community service program aims to enhance the productivity and welfare of local farmers through the optimization of male layer chicken production. Male chickens, often considered by-products of the laying hen industry, are generally overlooked and regarded as less economically viable. However, with the application of appropriate farming strategies, male chickens can become an important alternative source of protein to support food security. The methods implemented in this program include training on poultry management, the use of efficient locally-based feed, and the development of marketing strategies for the production output. The results of the program show a significant improvement in both productivity and the efficiency of male layer chicken farming among local farmers. With ongoing support, this program is expected to become a sustainable empowerment model in the small-scale livestock farming sector.

This study aims to analyze the survival strategy applied by Warung Lucau Angkringan, a Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprise (MSME) in the culinary sector in Banyuwangi, in the face of increasing intensity of market competition. Carrying the concept of angkringan based on Osing local culture, Lucau Angkringan offers differentiation through signature dishes such as Sambal Lucau and Ayam Kesrut Lucau. However, limitations in marketing strategy, unclear market segmentation, and competition with large-scale restaurants are the main obstacles in developing its business. Through the Segmenting, Targeting, and Positioning (STP) approach, this research shows that Lucau Angkringan can identify and segment the market more effectively, and focus its marketing strategy on local consumers and tourists seeking authentic culinary experiences. In addition, innovations in digital marketing and efficient operational management are needed to improve competitiveness and expand market reach. The results of this study indicate that the proper implementation of STP strategies, accompanied by the optimization of digital marketing, can support the sustainability and growth of Warung Lucau Angkringan amidst the competitive culinary industry.    

Automatic Identification System (AIS) is a communication technology that plays an important role in improving operational safety and efficiency in the shipping industry. AIS allows ships to exchange real-time data on identity, position, speed, and direction, which helps prevent collisions and facilitates maritime traffic management by port authorities. In addition, AIS functions in search and rescue operations by providing accurate information on the location of ships in trouble. In terms of security, AIS allows monitoring of suspicious ships, thus helping in preventing illegal activities in the waters. This study aims to design and develop a prototype AIS receiver based on LoRa, Arduino, and LCD HMI. The LoRa module was chosen because of its ability to transmit data over long distances with low power consumption, which is suitable for the maritime environment. Arduino is used as the main microcontroller to control the system, while the LCD HMI serves as the display interface for the received data. After the hardware and software design was completed, the system was tested through functional testing and performance measurements using a spectrum analyzer to evaluate the strength of the LoRa signal at various distances. The test results show that the AIS receiver is able to receive data well up to 15 meters on land and 13 meters at sea, with a delay of 100 milliseconds. System performance degrades at longer distances due to environmental interference and signal attenuation. These findings provide insight into the effective limits of LoRa communication in maritime applications and can be used as a reference for frequency testing and optimization of LoRa-based long-range communication systems.

Minimally invasive surgery offers several advantages, including reduced blood loss, smaller incisions, less pain, and a lower risk of complications than open surgery. This approach enhances patient comfort and supports faster recovery. When guided by optimal path planning, surgical robots can accurately navigate the body to remove malignant tumors with high precision. This study proposes a Modified Particle Swarm Optimization (MPSO) algorithm to determine the optimal path for robotic-assisted minimally invasive surgery targeting brain tumors. The algorithm improves upon standard PSO by modifying the velocity update equation and incorporating an adaptive inertia weight, enhancing convergence speed, global search ability, and solution accuracy. Experimental results show that the proposed MPSO achieves a maximum fitness value of 19.10 in a sparse obstacle environment, outperforming standard PSO and IPSO in quality and in the required number of iterations. The approach effectively balances path efficiency and obstacle avoidance, making it well-suited for complex surgical scenarios. In conclusion, the MPSO-based method provides a reliable and precise solution for robotic surgical navigation, improving outcomes and safety in minimally invasive procedures.

The rapid development of e-commerce has generated huge volumes of data, opening up opportunities to analyze product demand patterns more accurately. This research aims to develop a product demand prediction model based on big data analysis. The data used includes sales transactions, product searches, customer reviews, and external factors such as seasons and promotions. The main methods used are machine learning techniques such as random forest regression and neural networks to build predictive models, with data extraction, transformation, and analysis processes carried out using big data platforms such as Hadoop and Spark. The resulting model is evaluated using accuracy metrics, such as mean absolute error (MAE) and root mean square error (RMSE), to measure prediction performance. The results show that the use of big data in product demand prediction can increase the accuracy of inventory planning and stock management by up to 25% compared to conventional methods. These findings make a significant contribution to the optimization of e-commerce operations, especially in more efficient and timely data-driven decision-making.

This study aims to examine the effect of varying the length of oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) fibers on the mechanical properties and macrostructure of Palmfiber Reinforced Concrete (PRC) as an alternative to Glassfiber Reinforced Concrete (GRC). EFB fibers were selected due to their abundance, eco-friendliness, and potential to enhance the mechanical properties of lightweight concrete. The methods employed include flexural testing and macrostructural observation using five fiber length variations (3 cm, 4 cm, 5 cm, 6 cm, and 7 cm). The results show that a fiber length of 5 cm produced the highest flexural stress of 11.78 kg/cm², while a length of 4 cm yielded the highest modulus of elasticity at 162.2 kg/cm². Macrostructural observations revealed good bonding between fibers and matrix in most specimens, although performance differences were observed due to fiber distribution and manual compaction processes. In conclusion, fiber length affects the mechanical performance of PRC, yet production process optimization is necessary to achieve more consistent results.

Human resource management (HR) in the government sector, especially in the Public Works and Spatial Planning Agency (PUPR) of North Sumatra Province, has a crucial role in determining the effectiveness and efficiency of public services. However, HR management in government agencies still faces various challenges, such as complex bureaucracy, lack of innovation, and employee competency gaps. This study aims to analyze the challenges in HR management and the factors that influence employee performance in order to formulate strategies for optimizing HR management in the government sector. Using qualitative research methods, data were obtained through interviews, document studies, and literature reviews. The results of the study indicate that a rigid personnel system, lack of competency development, and a recruitment and promotion system that is not fully performance-based are the main factors that hinder the effectiveness of employee work. Therefore, reforms are needed in the HR management system, such as improving the recruitment, promotion, and rotation mechanisms of employees, strengthening competency development policies through adaptive training programs, and implementing a performance evaluation system based on objectivity and transparency. With this optimization strategy, it is hoped that employee performance at the PUPR Office of North Sumatra Province can improve, so that public services become more effective and professional.

The alignment of budget planning with funding sources is a crucial aspect of financial management in Islamic educational organizations to ensure operational sustainability and improve the quality of educational services. This study aims to analyze strategies that can be implemented in drafting and adjusting budget plans with various funding sources, such as government funds, zakat, infaq, waqf, community donations, and student contributions. This research employs the library research method, which involves collecting and analyzing various literature related to Islamic educational financial management. The results indicate that the principles of efficiency, effectiveness, transparency, and accountability must be applied in managing educational funds to ensure optimal budget utilization. One of the key indicators for maintaining financial balance is the budget balance ratio, which measures the extent to which an organization’s revenue can cover its expenditures. If the ratio reaches or exceeds 100%, it indicates a surplus that can be allocated for institutional development. However, if the ratio is below 100%, a deficit occurs that must be addressed immediately through cost efficiency strategies, diversification of funding sources, and optimization of productive waqf assets. This study emphasizes that a systematic and sustainable financial strategy is essential for maintaining the financial stability of Islamic educational organizations. By implementing well-structured budget planning, strict supervision, and diversified funding sources, organizations can ensure financial sustainability and enhance the overall quality of Islamic education. 

Inclusive schools are schools that accept students with certain special needs and implement a learning system by uniting students with special needs and normal students in one class. At SDIT Baitussalam, one of the inclusive schools in Prambanan, four totally deaf students have different learning abilities than normal students. This study aims to identify challenges, teaching strategies, and supporting factors for the success of English teaching strategies for deaf students in inclusive classes. This study used a qualitative descriptive method by interviewing three English subject teachers who had taught deaf students in inclusive classes. The results of the study found four main challenges in teaching, namely limited speaking ability, limited use of sign language, differences in cognitive development, and student learning motivation. In addition, there are six strategies applied in teaching English in inclusive classes, namely choral response, peer tutoring, visual representation and concrete objects, technology optimization, implementation of social interaction, and utilization of practice exercises. The success of implementing these strategies is supported by four main factors, namely support from educators and education personnel, parental support, availability of adequate facilities and infrastructure, and support from friends and the surrounding environment. This research can help teachers find the right strategy for teaching English in inclusive classes, especially for deaf students, so that learning can take place more effectively and inclusively.

Umah Lokal Coffee Roastery is a business engaged in the production and marketing of coffee beans. This study aims to optimize the production combination to maximize profits using the Linear Programming method. This method enables the company to determine the optimal production quantity for each type of product, namely Telek Beans, Barong Beans, Jauk Beans, Gerbera, and Daisy. The analysis results indicate that the optimal production combination includes producing 128 units of Telek Beans, 155 units of Jauk Beans, 85 units of Gerbera, and 189 units of Daisy, while the production of Barong Beans is discontinued. Implementing this strategy has the potential to increase profits by Rp1,124,417 or 6.4%. This research contributes to the development of more efficient production strategies in dealing with resource constraints.  

Social media has become an effective marketing tool for young artists to introduce and promote their work to a broader audience. This study aims to analyze social media marketing strategies that can enhance the visibility and sales of artistic works. The research employs a literature review approach with content analysis of relevant studies published between 2018 and 2024. The findings indicate that effective social media marketing strategies for young artists consist of three main aspects: personal branding, algorithm optimization, and monetization strategies. Strong personal branding through visual consistency and storytelling has been proven to increase audience engagement and strengthen artists’ competitiveness on digital platforms. In terms of algorithm optimization, the use of short-form videos, consistent posting frequency, and SEO implementation play a vital role in expanding the reach of artistic content. Meanwhile, monetization strategies such as the utilization of e-commerce platforms, subscription-based models, and Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs) have proven effective in converting audience engagement into a more stable source of income. This study contributes to the development of digital marketing literature within the creative industry and serves as a practical guide for young artists in optimizing social media as a marketing tool. The findings also provide a foundation for the development of more effective and adaptive digital marketing strategies in response to the dynamic and evolving trends of the creative industry.

The use of non-cash payments is increasingly becoming a trend among Indonesians, both in urban and rural areas. Non-cash payment instruments are considered more effective in supporting transaction activities and contribute significantly as the main driver of national economic growth. The state, as the organizer of public welfare, is obliged to carry out various activities to achieve the welfare of the people, as mandated in the Preamble of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. In the beginning, money as a medium of exchange was in concrete form such as coins and banknotes. However, rapid technological developments encourage the birth of innovation in payment systems through electronic methods, to support the optimization of the use of non-cash payment instruments (less cash), so that a society with digital-based financial transactions is formed (less cash society). This research uses a normative juridical approach, relying on secondary data obtained from primary legal materials, secondary legal materials, and tertiary legal materials. The main focus of this research is to analyze the influence of the National Non-Cash Movement (GNNT) on social changes in the economic field. Based on the provisions of Article 1 point 3 of Bank Indonesia Regulation Number 16/8/PBI/2014 concerning Amendments to Bank Indonesia Regulation Number 11/12/PBI/2009 concerning Electronic Money, it is stated that electronic money is a payment instrument that fulfills a number of certain elements related to its use.

Islamic religious education not only functions to shape the faith and morals of students, but also has a strategic role in encouraging independence and economic empowerment of the community. This study aims to analyze the role of Islamic religious education in Padangsidimpuan District. Hutaimbaru , Contribution of economic empowerment to the Hutaimbaru community , as well as supporting and inhibiting factors of economic empowerment for the Hutaimbaru community . This study uses a qualitative approach with descriptive methods. The research subjects include religious leaders, educators or instructors of Islamic Religious Education, community leaders, and micro-entrepreneurs who were selected purposively based on their involvement in religious and economic activities. Data collection was conducted through in-depth interviews, field observations, and documentation as supporting data. Data analysis was carried out through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions, with data validity maintained through triangulation techniques. The results of the study indicate that Islamic religious education plays a role in instilling the values of hard work, honesty, responsibility, and entrepreneurial spirit which are the foundation for strengthening the people's economy. Optimization is carried out through religious studies, religious guidance, social preaching, and strengthening Islamic economic values in everyday life. Obstacles faced include limited capital, low business skills, and less than optimal sustainable mentoring. Therefore, synergy is needed between educational institutions, religious leaders, and the government to strengthen the economic empowerment of the people based on Islamic values.