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This study investigated the validity and reliability of a General English Course assessment tool at Universitas Harapan Bangsa. Using a quantitative descriptive technique, the study examined the assessment items using point-biserial correlation for validity and Cronbach's alpha for reliability. While the instrument had high overall reliability, several items needed to be revised to improve its validity. The findings indicate that the assessment instrument is generally reliable and valid; nevertheless, continuing monitoring and adjustment are required to maintain its quality and assure accurate evaluation of student English competence.

The Indigenous Papuan People (OAP) in Matara village still have several couples who only marry based on customary law so that they do not have legal certainty in the aspect of marriage as evidenced by a marriage certificate. The purpose of this service is not only to provide assistance and legal counselling on the importance of marriage registration but also to realise the orderly administration of population in Matara village through marriage through church marriage and civil registration. The implementation method is carried out in various stages, including starting from data collection, counselling and procedures for implementing marriage. The results of the service are 6 (six) couples who have performed traditional marriages but have not been recorded in the civil registry because religious marriages have not been held and recorded under state law

Education regarding the prevention of online gambling and drugs is a crucial step in building public awareness of the dangers posed by these two phenomena. Jorong Bayang Tengah, an area with a population consisting mostly of young families and teenagers, is the focus of this prevention effort. This program aims to provide an in-depth understanding of the risks of online gambling and drug abuse, as well as strengthening community social resilience through various educational approaches. The methods used include direct outreach, dissemination of information through print and digital media, as well as interactive discussions involving all elements of society, including traditional leaders, youth and security forces. Through this activity, it is hoped that collective awareness will be created to prevent and fight the practice of online gambling and drug abuse. Initial results from this program show an increase in public understanding of the negative impacts of online gambling and drugs, as well as the emergence of community initiatives to maintain a healthy and safe social environment. It is hoped that this effort can continue on an ongoing basis, so that Jorong Bayang Tengah can become a model for other regions in implementing similar prevention programs.

Accidents or injuries can happen anywhere, anytime, even in the school environment. Wherever an accident occurs, it is necessary to get immediate help to reduce the danger and immediately go to the nearest health facility. The low level of knowledge and motivation of PMR members will be a big problem, because PMR members are trained as first aiders in schools before the victim is sent to the next health facility. This study used a quantitative pre-experimental type with a one group pretest-posttest design approach. The population in this study were all members of PMR SMA Muhammadiyah 1 Jambi City. The sample in this study was 35 students using the total sampling technique. The independent variable of this study is first aid education and the dependent is the knowledge and motivation of PMR members. The research instrument used a 2-time questionnaire using the Wilcoxon statistical test. The results showed that before the intervention, some respondents had sufficient knowledge as many as 27 respondents (77.1%) and after the intervention the respondents had good knowledge as many as 35 respondents (100%). Motivation of PMR members before being given the intervention, most respondents were moderately motivated with a total of 31 respondents (88.6%) and motivation after being given the intervention all respondents were highly motivated as many as 35 respondents (100%). Wilcoxon statistical test results there is an effect of first aid education on knowledge with a significance value of 0.001 (p Subscribe to DeepL Pro to edit this document. Visit www.DeepL.com/pro for more information. < 0.05) and motivation with a significance value of 0.001 (p < 0.05). This study shows that first aid education has an influence on increasing the knowledge and motivation of PMR members at Muhammadiyah 1 High School in Jambi City. PMR members are expected to be able to increase motivation and relevant knowledge about first aid in accidents, as well as motivation towards others and themselves.

The use of effective sentences has a strong influence on the quality of the content of a work. In cerpen writing, it is necessary to use effective language so that both the written and the implied meanings of cerpen can be well conveyed. The study aims to describe the forms of error in the use of sentences effectively in the formation of content quality on cerpen, as well as to present a comprehensive analysis of the linguistic aspects in the cerpen anthology "Back the Window of Ibnu Abbas" as a source of reading for students of 8th grade high school. The study uses qualitative descriptive methods through a language analysis approach by evaluating the quality of the content and effectiveness of the sentences in the book. This research data is a sentence quotation in a cerpen in which there are written errors in the use of effective sentences. Data collection techniques are done with reading and recording techniques. The results of this study found: (1) repetition of verbs, (2) inappropriate dictionary selection, (3) passing sentences, and (4) ambiguous sentences in a cerpen. Such errors make sentences less effective and affect the quality of the cerpen content. The findings of this study provide an in-depth understanding of how the structure of sentences, the meaning of words, the context of language usage, and the form of words influence the understanding and experience of readers of a literary work.

Along with ongoing economic changes and globalization, people's shopping behavior is also changing. Sometimes, someone buys something not because of need, but just for pleasure. This leads to wastefulness known as consumptive behavior. This research aims to determine the differences in consumptive behavior based on gender among students of the Faculty of Economics at Muhammadiyah University of Gresik. This type of research is quantitative research. The participants in this research numbered 285 students. The measuring instrument used is the consumptive behavior scale (Fromm, 1995). The statistical analysis method used is comparative analysis with chi-square testing. The results of this research show no difference in consumptive behavior between male and female students with a significance value of 0.840 > 0.05. The data categorization results show that the majority of subjects are at a moderate level of consumptive behavior, with a percentage of 72% for male students and 73% for female students. It is hoped that both male and female students can manage their finances as well as possible by saving and prioritizing needs over wants.

Traffic and road transportation have an important role in supporting national development and integration as part of efforts to advance general welfare as mandated by the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. The type of research used in this research is empirical juridical research, namely legal research. which is carried out by direct research or secondary data consisting of primary legal materials, secondary legal materials and tertiary legal materials. Data collection methods are techniques or methods that can be used by researchers to collect data. The data analysis technique used in this legal research uses qualitative analysis.  Based on research that has been carried out, the duties and authority of the Deli Serdang City Traffic Police are fully in accordance with the provisions of Law Number 22 of 2009 concerning Road Traffic and Transportation by ordering and supervising the flow of traffic so that the safety and smoothness of traffic on public roads is maintained. . Various methods and forms of control are carried out by the police, but there are still traffic violators who violate traffic rules. In accordance with Law No. 22 of 2009 concerning Traffic and Road Transport Rules, and Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) owned by the Deli Serdang Regency Police Traffic Unit, control is carried out by warning and ticketing vehicles so that a ticket is given. Based on the results of the interviews, researchers could find out that the implementation of legal socialization carried out by law enforcers was not effective because they only socialized it at the school level and in the fields under Deli Serdang, but the people in the villages or sub-districts did not receive this socialization.  Based on the results of the research, it is concluded that the obstacles that arise in the implementation of Law Number 22 of 2009 concerning Road Traffic and Transportation (Study of Traffic Control in the Legal Area of ​​the Deli Serdang City Police. There are several inhibiting factors that cause the implementation of Law No. 22. 2009 Article 77 Paragraph 1 concerning Traffic and Road Transport Rules for Riding Motorbikes in Deli Serdang Regency and to determine the effectiveness or ineffectiveness of legal regulations regarding the obligation to have a driver's license for driving motorized vehicles when driving in the LLAJ Law

This research is motivated by the interest in learning to learn to read the Qur'an is very important for santri / female students of fishermen's children at MDTA Darul Hujjaj Joundul II Complex Tabing Hajj Dormitory. The purpose of this research in general is to find out how the interest in learning and the ability to read the Qur'an of fishermen's children at MDTA Darul Hujjaj Joundul II Complex Tabing Hajj Dormitory. This research uses a qualitative approach in the form of a case study. Data collection techniques in this study are using observation, interview and documentation techniques. Then the data that has been collected is processed with the analysis model. The results of the research conducted, the author can conclude that there are several variations in the interest and ability to read the al quran of fishermen's children at MDTA Darul Hujjaj. For santri who have been able to read Al quran and Iqro‘ fluently on average have a high interest in learning Al qur'an, while on the contrary for santri who have not been able to read Al quran and Iqro’ on average have a low interest in learning Al qur'an. Therefore, the figure of a teacher in this process is an important thing, because from the results of the study it is concluded that the way and method of teaching an MDTA teacher can affect the ability and interest in reading of fishermen's children in MDTA Darul Hujjaj.

Drug abuse is still often found in the surrounding environment, especially among teenagers who are still at school. In Indonesia, drug abuse or illegal drugs is a use that is not for health but for recreation. Most drug users are among teenagers who are still at school, especially among high school students who can be said to be the time when teenagers are searching for their identity. The effect that drugs have on users will cause discomfort and can be psychologically disturbing for users. The aim of this research is to determine family social support for drug abuse. This research uses a case study method with a qualitative approach. The technique for determining informants uses a purposive technique with five key informants and five supporting informants. The research results show that the causes of drug abuse are caused by the environment, high curiosity and other external factors that encourage informants to abuse drugs. The impacts experienced by drug abuse are divided into two categories, namely physical impacts such as withdrawal, while psychological impacts such as slow work, carelessness and difficulty concentrating. Family social support has four supports, namely: informational, assessment, instrumental and emotional.

The community's adoption of Ruqyah Syar'iyyah as an alternative therapy for mental health issues is what spurred this investigation. The research aims to explore the effectiveness of both Ruqyah Syar'iyyah and medical treatment in addressing mental health disorders and to compare the impact on patients. A case study strategy in conjunction with a qualitative technique was used. In-depth interviews with patients suffering from mental health conditions like anxiety, stress, and depression as well as with Ruqyah Syar'iyyah practitioners and medical experts were used to gather data. The findings indicate that Ruqyah Syar'iyyah provides spiritual tranquility, mental fortitude, and increased faith in patients, while medical treatment helps manage symptoms and correct chemical imbalances in the brain. The combination of both approaches yielded significant positive impacts on patients, including reduced symptoms, improved quality of life, and faster recovery. This study concludes that a holistic approach integrating Ruqyah Syar'iyyah and medical treatment can serve as an effective alternative in addressing mental health disorders.

General elections (elections) in Indonesia are a major pillar of democracy that require strict supervision and management to ensure fairness and transparency. Independent institutions such as the General Election Commission (KPU), the Election Supervisory Body (BAWASLU), and the Election Organizer Honorary Council (DKPP) play a key role in maintaining election integrity. The KPU is responsible for organizing elections at all levels of government, including planning, implementing, and supervising election stages, with a focus on transparency and public participation. BAWASLU functions as a supervisor to prevent and prosecute election violations, while the DKPP is tasked with handling violations of the election organizer's code of ethics. The research of this paper aims to understand the meaning and main tasks or authorities and functions of each of these institutions. The method used in this study is Library Research and Internet Searching, a literature review of literature in the form of books and articles from relevant internet sources. The results of the analysis show that the synergy between the KPU, BAWASLU, and DKPP is very important in creating democratic and integrity-based elections, with each institution having a role or authority, responsibility, and complementary functions. A deep understanding of the duties and functions of these three institutions is expected to improve the quality of election implementation in Indonesia.

Dian Ekawati. Analysis of Accountability for Promotion of Civil Servant Ranks (Case Study of Application of SAPK BKN in BKD, South Sumatra Province). Accountability of Service Promotion for Civil Servants (Case Study of Application of SAPK BKN in BKD of South Sumatra Province) has basically been going well, but because there were some disturbances related to network problems and application system problems, so there were some things that were delayed in the management process. . It has not been added to the terms and files that are not appropriate so that many promotion files have not been approved and must be repaired. The supporting factor is the existence of technological advances that become service innovations, in the form of online applications, namely online SAPK in the management of promotions, it will provide convenience in the management of promotions. The inhibiting factor is that the existence of signal interference in several districts is a weak side of the online system that must be improved, as well as the requirements for completeness of files that have not been met by employees hampering the approval process for promotions.

The Role of the Protocol Section of the Palembang City Regional Secretariat in Supporting the Performance of the Palembang City Regional Secretariat. The research method used is to use qualitative research methods with observational data collection techniques, interviews and documentation. The results showed that the Role of the Protocol Section of the Palembang City Regional Secretariat in Supporting the Performance of the Palembang City Regional Secretariat. The role of this protocol is very decisive in assisting the Palembang city regional office in completing its work, but the protocol in carrying out its duties and functions is based on existing policies.   The Palembang City Setda Protocol must be able to do its job well, one of its strategies is to coordinate and communicate optimally with various related parties, then carry out innovations and changes in accordance with the actual conditions of the times, the goal is that every activity that exists of the Palembang City Setda can run optimally and better. The Palembang City Setda Protocol must have good communication skills, because the role of the Protocol itself is as a liaison between agencies, private institutions or the community with the Palembang City Setda, both meeting issues and activities or events to be carried out.  Mistakes and misconduct in work and in the implementation of activities in the Palembang City Setda occur, but with the experience and words of Setda employees, of course, the problems can be overcome and corrected properly.

This study explores the fatwa of Sheikh Muhammad Arsyad Al Banjari in the book Sabilal Muhtadin regarding the permissibility of eating haliling (field snails) and the prohibition of eating anak wanyi (bee larvae) with a focus on the health perspective. Sheikh Muhammad Arsyad Al Banjari stated that snails are halal food, while bee larvae are considered haram. This study uses a literature study method to analyze the legal basis and health implications of both types of food. The results of the study indicate that snails can be safely consumed if processed properly, because snails are rich in protein and nutrients, but require special attention in processing to avoid the risk of infection from parasites or bacteria. Conversely, consuming bee larvae can pose health risks such as allergic reactions and dangerous toxins, and can have a negative impact on the bee population and ecosystem. The conclusion of this study emphasizes the importance of understanding fatwas from a health and ethical perspective, as well as the need for education regarding food processing practices that are in accordance with sharia principles and modern health standards.

Background: Tuberculosis is a disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis which attacks the lung organ. one of the symptoms of Pulmonary Tuberculosis is shortness of breath. To stabilize the frequency of breathing in patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis, one of them is with non-pharmacological therapy, namely the semi-fowler position to help lung development and normalize the frequency of breathing. Objective: To describe the results of the implementation of the semi fowler position on respiratory ratein patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. Methods: Descriptive research design with a case study approach, conducted on two respondents to explore the implementation of the semi fowler position on Respiratory ratein Pulmonary Tuberculosis patients. Results: After the application of the semi fowler position for one day within 30 minutes showed a decrease in respiratory ratein both respondents from the Tachypnea category to the Eupnea category. Conclusion: There is an effect of applying the semi fowler position on the respiratory rateof Pulmonary Tuberculosis patients at PKU Muhammadiyah Karanganyar Hospital.

The Quality of nursing care is factor key in reach results maintenance Which optimal for patients. However, there are still inconsistencies in the implementation of nursing care behavior carried out by nurses in hospitals. This research aims to analyze the influence of self-efficacy and supervision to implementation behavior care nursing, as well as test role motivation as intervening variable. Causal quantitative research method with a sample of 63 executive nurses who work in the Inpatient Installation of Hospital X, Bekasi. Data collection used a questionnaire and the analysis technique used was multiple regression analysis. The research results show that self-efficacy and supervision influence motivation and nursing care behavior. The results of the mediation test show that self-efficacy and supervision influence nursing care behavior through motivation. The influence of self-efficacy on nurses' work motivation has the highest regression coefficient value compared to other variables. The results of this research provide managerial implications for the home Sick For increase efficacy self And quality supervision to nurse, as well as paying attention to the motivational aspects of nurses in order to encourage the implementation of optimal nursing care behavior. Efforts that can be made are to improve the training system, supervision system and delegation system authority Which effective. Furthermore need do development with sample larger and adding independent variables to make the discussion broader.

There are currently many bottled drinking water products appearing on the market. This is closely related to the high public need for drinking water that is suitable for consumption. One of these drinking water products is Cairo Water. Cairo Water is in great demand by the people of Cirebon Regency, however currently, Cairo Water does not have promotional media.  This causes a less extensive market reach, weak brand awareness, and a threat to Cairo Water's ability to compete with its current competitors. Strategies that can be used to resolve the above problems include the Integrated Marketing Communication method, using an informative, persuasive, and reminding approach. The promotional media created aims to create interest in potential consumers, increase brand awareness, and also establish bonds with consumers. In this design, the author designs promotional strategies both offline and online. Offline promotional media in the form of designs on brochures, banners, posters, and vehicle signage. The online promotional media is in the form of feed design content via Instagram, Facebook, and TikTok. After completing the final design, the author tested the media by creating a questionnaire regarding respondents' assessments after seeing the promotional media and the results produced a very positive response.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi tantangan dan solusi dalam implementasi arbitrase syariah di Indonesia, khususnya dalam konteks perbankan syariah dan lembaga keuangan syariah. Melalui pendekatan hukum normatif dan metode kualitatif, penelitian ini mengkaji regulasi yang ada serta peran Badan Arbitrase Syariah Nasional (BASYARNAS) dalam menyelesaikan sengketa. Fokus utama penelitian adalah untuk memahami bagaimana mekanisme arbitrase syariah dapat berfungsi secara efektif dalam mengatasi konflik yang muncul di sektor ekonomi syariah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa meskipun arbitrase syariah menawarkan solusi cepat dan sesuai dengan prinsip-prinsip hukum Islam, masih terdapat berbagai tantangan yang harus diatasi. Tantangan utama termasuk minimnya pemahaman masyarakat tentang arbitrase syariah, terbatasnya jumlah arbiter yang kompeten, dan inkonsistensi regulasi yang mengatur penyelesaian sengketa. Penelitian ini juga menemukan bahwa upaya sosialisasi dan peningkatan kapasitas arbiter sangat penting untuk memperkuat implementasi arbitrase syariah. Sebagai solusi, penelitian merekomendasikan peningkatan edukasi mengenai arbitrase syariah kepada masyarakat dan pelaku bisnis, serta penguatan regulasi yang mendukung penyelesaian sengketa berbasis syariah. Dengan langkah-langkah tersebut, diharapkan arbitrase syariah dapat berkontribusi lebih signifikan dalam menciptakan iklim investasi yang aman dan stabil dalam ekonomi syariah di Indonesia.

The Intra-School Student Organization (OSIS) at the junior high school level plays a crucial role in developing students' leadership skills. However, a lack of understanding of leadership concepts and minimal practical training are major obstacles to developing this potential. This research aims to enhance the leadership competencies of OSIS board members at SMP Negeri 1 Sumberrejo through a leadership socialization and training program. The implementation method used involves socialization and interactive discussions with all OSIS board members as participants. The results of the activities show that the socialization successfully increased participants' understanding of leadership concepts, ethics, responsibilities, and basic leadership skills such as effective communication, decision-making, and teamwork. The interactive Q&A sessions and distribution of door prizes also played a role in increasing participants' engagement and motivation. It is hoped that this activity will foster the development of strong, innovative leaders who are ready to face future challenges.

Many researchers are interested in evaluating the quality of safety cultures, particularly in the mining industry. Keputusan Dirjen Minerba Nomor 185 Tahun 2019, in Element II of the initial review section, has developed a five-level safety culture maturity assessment framework. This study aims to investigate the conceptualization and foundation of developing safety culture maturity levels in the mining sector and provides an educational overview of the application of the developed model with five cultural maturity levels: basic, reactive, planned, proactive, and resilient. This research employs a systematic review methodology using the literature review method. Databases such as Google Scholar and Science Direct were utilized, focusing on specific keywords: "safety culture maturity level," "safety culture maturity level model," "safety maturity level," and "mining." Ten pertinent articles were examined as part of the review process. The methodology used in the development, evaluation, and implementation of safety culture maturity levels involved conducting interviews, utilizing matrices, Focus Group Discussions (FGDs), questionnaires, and literature reviews. The primary goal of the bulk of the publications included in the sample was to create a safety culture maturity level model suitable for application within the mining sector. The literature review revealed that the methodologies employed in these publications are aligned with the five levels of safety culture maturity as stated in Keputusan Dirjen Minerba Nomor 185 Tahun 2019. This comprehensive study discovered that the maturity assessment evaluation identified five identical safety culture maturity levels in each model advancement, consistent with Keputusan Dirjen Minerba Nomor 185 Tahun 2019 in the initial review part. The study provides clear and informative descriptions of the application of the five-level cultural maturity model in the mining sector.