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The purpose of this study was to find out the implementation of the Specific Time Work Agreement (PKWT) and the factors causing the implementation of the Specific Time Work Agreement (PKWT) without transparency in the provision of work agreements to workers at ID Express Jimbaran. The normative research method was used in this research with a statutory approach, a historical approach to compare with a conceptual approach. This study also uses legal materials such as primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. The results of this study indicate that the procedure for implementing a Specific Time Work Agreement (PKWT) carried out by ID Express Jimbaran is not in accordance with Article 59 paragraph (1) and paragraph (3) of Law no. 13 of 2003 concerning Manpower. Internal factors causing the lack of transparency in the implementation of the Specific Time Work Agreement (PKWT) at ID Express Jimbaran are the quality and behavior of human resources, organizational culture, and management policies and practices. Meanwhile, the external factors causing the absence of transparency in the implementation of the Specific Time Work Agreement (PKWT) at ID Express Jimbaran are government and customer policies.

In the partnership agreement between PT. GO-JEK Indonesia with online motorcycle taxi drivers does not meet the principle of balance. The principle of balance which is intended to harmonize legal institutions in agreements known in civil law which has the aim of making the agreement equal or balanced. This study aims to determine the legal consequences of not fulfilling the principle of balance in the partnership agreement between PT. GO-JEK Indonesia Bali Branch With Online Ojek Drivers. As discussed in this study are the legal consequences and legal protection of agreements that do not meet the principle of balance in the partnership agreement between PT. GO-JEK Indonesia Bali Branch with online motorcycle taxi drivers. The research method in this study is a normative research method, which is a legal research library by reviewing regulations and theories of experts related to the problems discussed. After doing the research, it was concluded that the result of the partnership agreement between PT. GO-JEK Indonesia Bali Branch with online motorcycle taxi drivers creates an imbalance between the rights and obligations of the parties. And GO-JEK in resolving problems that cannot be carried out through deliberation is allowed to take legal action by bringing the dispute to a court that has been determined by GO-JEK, namely the South Jakarta Court, but with the determination of the Court by GO-JEK, it can be difficult for partners who live outside city or far from the Court.  

The issue of state borders is not only related to state borders but includes land borders, sea borders and air borders which related to economic problems which have an impact on cross-border illegal trade. One of the national borders that has been attracting attention is the border between Indonesia and East Timor. The problem so far has been the increase in illegal trade, particularly the smuggling of fuel oil (BBM). Considering that the problems that occur in the border area are quite complex, it is necessary to have cooperation between the Indonesian National Armed Forces and the East Timor Defense Force to tackle illegal trade that occurs in the Indonesian border area of Timor Leste. Law No. 4 of 2015, is one of the legal instruments that regulates cooperative relations between Indonesia and the Democratic Republic of Timor Leste, especially in the field of defense and security. The implementation of Law No. 4 of 2015 is by entering into an agreement to form a Joint Border Committee (JBC) institution between Indonesia and East Timor. Forms of cooperation from this committee consists of solid line of communication and coordination between the security forces of the two countries, carrying out joint patrols, improving facilities and infrastructure, efforts to strengthen the integrity of each country, building synergies with local governments in border areas, building cooperation in an effort to help reduce illicit business activities and border crossers through the narrow road which has a positive impact on the national stability of the two countries.

The development of technology today makes humans coexist with technology. Many human activities can be carried out through the internet network. One of them is the presence of the metaverse which is a technology that contains virtual interactions, digital objects, and decentralized humans from various platforms. Metaverse is used by many people as a medium for buying and selling transactions. Metaverse users generally sell their products in the form of NFTs. Various well-known brands have started promoting their products through the metaverse. The emergence of well-known brands in the metaverse is an opportunity for irresponsible parties to infringe brand rights. As was the case in Ryder Ripps v. Yuga Labs. Pollution, imitation, obscuration, and so forth of well-known trademarks are carried out by irresponsible parties. One of them is the doctrine of Trademark Dilution. Trademark dilution is the unauthorized use by other parties that can weaken the quality or characteristics of a trademark. This makes the question of how the protection of trademarks in the virtual space of the metaverse and what legal action can be taken when there is a violation of trademark rights. Not many countries have regulated the protection of digital trademarks specifically against trademark dilution, as well as Indonesia. This research will be conducted using a non-native juridical approach method with legal sources in the form of laws and regulations, international agreements, theories, and legal rules. The focus of this research is how metaverse with the platform in it can protect the trademark with the terms and conditions agreement of account users in the platform. The result of this research is that brands can be protected against infringement of rights to the brand as well as brand dilution by referring to the terms and conditions of account users listed in the platform. In addition, the legal action that can be taken is to file a lawsuit as determined by the platform and the removal of related content.

Indonesia is an archipelagic country that has many outer islands which are directly adjacent to neighboring countries. Indonesia's outermost areas have high potential for marine resources so that they are used by Indonesian traditional fishermen as a source of income to support their families. BPS noted that there are 17,001 islands scattered throughout Indonesia. In preparing this article, the author used a normative juridical approach which was carried out through literature study by examining primary and secondary legal materials. Whereas for data analysis using qualitative juridical analysis that is descriptive based on principles, theories in international law. never protested the British claim of ownership of the sand islands. In 1974 the governments of Indonesia and Australia signed an MoU which stipulated that Indonesian traditional fishermen were permitted to fish. There are three important things that must be done by Indonesia-Australia, in order to get rid of fishing disputes by Indonesian traditional fishermen in Australia, namely strengthening national regulations, especially on the Exclusive Economic Zone maritime boundary agreement, secondly restoring the rights of traditional fishermen on sand islands. and the third is an agreement between the governments of Indonesia, Australia and Indonesia in setting sea boundaries.

The optimization of ship crew changes and Maritime Employment Agreement (MEA) contracts implementation is a crucial challenge in the shipping industry. This abstract details a holistic approach to understanding the constraints, optimization strategies, and impacts associated with crew changes and MEA implementation. The literature review highlights constraints such as uncertainty in policy changes, bureaucratic obstacles, and resistance to change. To address these constraints, optimization strategies involve technology integration, risk management, enhanced communication, transparency in MEA, and investment in training and development. The positive impacts of optimization include improved operational efficiency, crew welfare, company reputation, onboard safety, and harmonious relationships. These strategies are expected to provide guidance for shipping companies to overcome challenges and improve the implementation of crew changes and MEA, creating a more efficient, stable, and sustainable shipping industry.

This research aims to analyze the form of social interaction between characters in the novel Lebih Senyap Dari Bisikan by Andina Dwifatma, and utilize the results of the analysis as an alternative teaching material for SMA class XII students. This research is a descriptive qualitative research whose analysis results will be described narratively. The data source in this analysis is the novel Lebih Senyap Dari Bisikan by Andina Dwifatma. The findings of the analysis show that this novel contains social interactions that are associative and dissociative. Associative social interaction consists of cooperation when the characters realize that they have the same interests, accommodation when the characters are willing to adjust to the new environment, and assimilation when the characters try to reduce differences. Meanwhile, dissociative social interactions consist of contravention when the characters cause disagreement with each other, and conflict when the characters oppose each other by hitting each other. The results of the analysis are then adjusted to the demands of the 2013 curriculum based on Core Competencies and Basic Competencies and made a product in the form of teaching materials to support the learning of SMA class XII students.

Human resources play an important role in helping an organization or company achieve its goals, and as a result, business growth is highly dependent on employee performance. Each employee receives a salary directly from the company, which is distributed at a time determined by the company, in accordance with the terms of the employee agreement with the company. UD Wahyu Printing is still doing it. At the UD Wahyu printing press, payroll calculation activities are still carried out manually using a calculator and manual recording which causes errors in calculating an employee's salary, so an electronic system must be created to overcome this problem. As for a goal to be achieved in this research is to perform a salary calculation of employees by implementing an automatic payroll system to make it more effective and efficient. This study uses a type of qualitative research with interviews and direct observation methods. The results of this study through the stages of implementation and trials carried out that the employee payroll information system at the UD Wahyu printing press can link payroll information with employee attendance procedures, and the data is stored in a database so that reports can be printed. And the system can provide facilities to employees regarding payroll calculations.

Being geographically close to Malaysia made them into good political relations; the example was the Import of Oxygen Tanks during pandemic in 2020-2021. Trading is carried out specifically after the Import Agreement which was requested directly by the Governor of West Kalimantan. The Oxygen Import Agreement requires an integrated action between the institutions in order to minimize corruption. The research is elaborated through three main discussions, based on the Border Governing Theory and Sovereignty Concept on a qualitative approach and descriptive method. First, the Legal Basic for Border Management. Second, the Export-Import Process and Sectoral Cooperation through the Oxygen Tank import process. Third, the success of Integration Governance process to reduce the Corruption. The purpose of this study is to see the success in relation to minimizing corruption in the Export of Oxygen Tanks at the Entikong Border.

The conflict that occurred in the South China Sea (LCS) becameflash point in the Asia Pacific region. Disputes in the South China Sea involve not only 6 or even 10 countries, but also involve other major powers such as the United States. The six (6) countries referred to are China, Taiwan, Vietnam, the Philippines, Brunei Darussalam, Malaysia, and (4) four other countries namely Cambodia, Singapore, Thailand and including Indonesia. In its development, the South China Sea (LCS) conflict has also started to "drag" Indonesia since 2010, after China claimed the northern territory of the Natuna Islands, Riau Islands Province which is Indonesia's Exclusive Economic Zone (ZEE). This research is normative juridical law research which includes research on international agreements, research on legal systematics, research on international law, research on the level of legal synchronization. Indonesia is not asclaimant state in the South China Sea dispute, however, Indonesia has national interests in the South China Sea, especially in defending territorial sovereignty in the North Natuna Sea. In its position as a neutral country, Indonesia has played a role in resolving international conflicts in the South China Sea by making various diplomatic efforts by sending protest notes to China and rejecting China's claims of control of the territory it claims to be.traditional fishing ground because it has no basis in international law and the waters of the North Natuna Sea on the basis ofninedash line who have violated Indonesia's ZEE.

Mediation has been regulated in Perma Number 1 of 2016 Article 1 point 1 explaining mediation as an alternative way of resolving disputes through a negotiation process to obtain an agreement between the parties assisted by a mediator. Mediation seeks (win-win solution) to reach a peace agreement. However, in fact there are still many mediations that do not work effectively, one of them in Gampong Bumi Sari in several cases of dispute, they did not make a letter of conciliation resulting in another dispute case, Article 27 paragraph (1) Perma Number 1 of 2016 explains to make a written peace agreement when the mediation reaches an agreement, an increase in cases of land disputes that mediation did not complete, one of the parties to the dispute during mediation carried a sharp weapon with the family so that the mediator felt intimidated. This study aims to find out how the process of resolving land disputes through mediation in Gampong Bumi Sari, find out what are the obstacles in the process of resolving land disputes through mediation in Gampong Bumi Sari, and see the level of effectiveness of resolving land disputes through mediation in Gampong Bumi Sari. The method used in this research is the empirical method, namely examining how the law works in the community environment.  

Contract work in construction is one of the common forms of work performed in the construction industry. In contract work, workers are hired to complete construction projects within a specified timeframe and agreed-upon cost. However, there are often cases where contract workers experience delays or wage payment postponements. The research aims to analyze the legal protection for contract workers in the construction industry concerning delayed wage payments. In Indonesia, there are labor regulations that govern the rights and obligations of workers, including wage payments. If there is a delay in wage payment, workers have the right to file a lawsuit or report the violation to the authorities. This research adopts a qualitative research method, analyzing data and gathering information from various sources. Legal protection plays a crucial role in safeguarding workers. Some relevant legal roles include employment agreements, which enable workers to enter into contractual agreements with employers that protect their rights.

Transportation according to Purwosutjipto is a reciprocal agreement between the carrier and the sender, in which the carrier binds himself to handle the safe transportation of goods and/or people from one place to a certain destination, while the sender binds himself to pay the freight. Meanwhile, the definition of carrier's responsibility is the obligation of the air transport company to compensate for losses suffered by passengers and/or freight forwarders as well as third parties. Responsibility can be known from the obligations that have been stipulated in the agreement or law. The obligation of transportation is to organize the transportationThis study aims to examine the legal relationship between airlines and passengers, as well as to determine the company's responsibility to passengers in the event of damage to goods. The method used in this research is normative method. The results of the study show that the legal relationship between the Air Transport Company and the passengers is a legal relationship which is a periodic agreement, namely an agreement with conditions that are carried out only for a certain time and for a certain action. Airline companies must be ready to be responsible to consumers who use air transportation services in accordance with applicable laws and regulations, namely Law Number 1 of 2009 concerning Aviation and regulated more specifically in Ministerial Regulation Number 77 of 2011 concerning Air Transport Responsibilities.

One of the reasons for the cancellation of the agreement is the occurrence of a mixture of debts. Debt mixing is a mix of positions (quality) of the parties entering into an agreement so that the quality as a creditor becomes one with the quality of the debtor so that the agreement between the two parties is null and void. Mixing of debts is regulated in Article 1436 of the Civil Code to Article 1437 of the Civil Code. Debt mixing can occur because the positions of creditors and debtors become one. For example, a creditor marries a debtor, which results in a mix of debts and the agreement that previously existed is erased. Problems can arise when it relates to debts owned by creditors and debtors who eventually marry. If the creditor does not want the debt owned by the debtor to be erased even though they are both married. Even though there are clear rules emphasized that debts can be written off by law, one of which is if there is a mix-up of debts.

This research aims to provide knowledge to the community regarding the limitations for adopted children, especially in terms of inheritance, so that the community is not wrong in providing knowledge about adopted children. This research is a field research (Field Research), the data sources used are primary data sources collected through interviews, documentation and observation. Primary data is obtained directly from respondents regarding inheritance for adopted children in Islamic law and customary law, while secondary data is in the form of legal theories and norms as well as other supporting data obtained from literature, documentation and biographies. All of these data are materials to describe an overview of Islamic law regarding inheritance for adopted children in the perspective of customary law.                Based on the results of the research, it turns out that the Indigenous people of the city of Gorontalo, in giving their inheritance to adopted children, carry out the provisions of Islamic inheritance law and some carry out customary inheritance law. For people who implement Islamic law, the adopted child does not get an inheritance but gets assets in the form of a mandatory testament and may not exceed 1/3 of the assets left behind, while for people who use Javanese customary law they determine their own in accordance with the agreement in the deliberations of experts the heir concerned. It is better for people who adhere to Javanese customs to be given knowledge about Islamic inheritance law.

This study aims to examine the implementation of the partnership agreement between the Indonesian Pos Agent and PT Pos Indonesia (Persero) as well as the legal protection provided to PT. Pos Indonesia if there is a default from the postal agent. The research method used is an empirical legal method with a Fact, Sociological and Legislative approach. The results of this study indicate that the implementation of the partnership cooperation agreement between Pos Indonesia agents and PT Pos Indonesia (Persero) faces several problems, both in the operational and non-operational sections. One of the problems outside of operations is an error in the weight of the scales made by the postal agent which causes losses. In this case, PT. Pos Indonesia is given preventive and repressive legal protection. Preventive legal protection is carried out to prevent negligence, while repressive legal protection is carried out through reprimands, sanctions and compensation until the termination of the agreement permanently.

The purpose of this study was to identify and analyze the application of Article 1320 of the Civil Code regarding the bonded bondage system to clove farmers as local wisdom in preventing the occurrence of problems that arise because of the clove bonded agreement and to find out the obstacles faced in the application of article 1320 of the civil code to the bonded system. On Clove Farmers in Kaidundu Village as Local Wisdom. Research Using this type of normative-empirical research. By using several approaches, namely: statutory approach (statue approach), case approach (case approach). The results of this study indicate that: First, the clove bonded bondage system in Kaidundu Village is a custom or habit that was born and developed in the Kaidundu Village community since the last decades, the agreement system by means of bonded bondage involves sellers (farmers) and buyers (middlemen). . However, based on the law in force in article 1320 it is stated that, that the legal requirements for an agreement are agreement, competence, a certain matter and a lawful cause. However, in reality in society not all parties understand and understand what an agreement is considered. So that researchers can conclude that the bondage system in Kaidundu Village is a habit that has been passed down from generation to generation, but the community must understand and know that there are rules governing this bondage system. Second, the obstacles faced by the people of Kaidundu Village, especially those involved in the case of the Clove ijon system, several obstacle factors faced, namely: Legal factors, where there is no agreement or agreement that binds both parties, both the seller (farmer) and buyer (middleman). And there are no regulations in the form of Perdes (Village Regulations) which regulate the existence of the clove bondage system. The ijon system agreement is only based on trust.

Trade is a very promising livelihood. Where in addition to the community, there are also relatively many supporters of the trade process, trade itself is a livelihood that can promise high levels of prosperity by business actors. It's just that the problem in a competition is what is called fair competition or unhealthy competition. Here it is clear that the problem is unhealthy competition where there is a lot of competition. deviation where the deviation causes one of the parties to be harmed. One example of a case of unfair business competition is the Cartel Agreement as a Form of Unfair Business Competition in the Case of PT. Yamaha Indonesia Motor Manufacturing and PT. Astra Honda Motor. Unfair business competition can result in a party losing money and can damage the smooth progress of the local and world economy. Therefore, before it's too late to overcome unfair business competition, we must prevent that from happening. If it is proven that the business actor committed fraud in business competition, namely carrying out prohibited activities which resulted in monopolistic practices and or unfair business competition, then the sanction that will be obtained can be in the form of administrative action.

. This study discusses the impact of the development of agricultural technology for the community which initially traditionally became more modern in Bukur Village, Jiwan District, Madiun Regency, East Java Province. Advances in agricultural technology have brought significant changes to society. The impacts of the changes can change the lifestyle and work of farmers. This study uses a qualitative method where researchers have the aim of analyzing the impact of agricultural technology on social change in society. Social change in society is not a result or product but a process. This process of change is of course the result of an agreement or joint decision taken by an individual or a community group. The decisions taken are of course in accordance with the wishes or expectations of the group so that social change can be realized. However, the application of technology does not always have a positive impact, sometimes there are negative things with several obstacles. Some of the obstacles encountered in the process of community empowerment using technology, one of which is secondary human needs that arise after their primary needs are met.  

Buying and selling is a legal relationship that has rights and obligations between the parties, including house buying and selling transactions through a House Sale and Purchase Agreement (PPJB) and Sale and Purchase Deed (AJB) carried out in front of a notary. The study has a goal, namely to find out and analyze the validity of buying and selling transactions of houses in the perspective of the Civil Code. Juridical-normatic is used as a research method whose approach is in the form of laws and literature studies. The result of this study is a house sale and purchase agreement, namely a special agreement whose rules are contained in Article 1457 of the Civil Code. The validity of this sale and purchase refers to Article 1320 of the Civil Code concerning the legal terms of the agreement. Buying and selling houses is carried out through various stages, namely the preparation of PPJB, payment of seller and buyer taxes and the process of transferring the name in AJB before a notary. Legitimacy can occur if the making of this agreement is not because there is a forced withdrawal from any party,, does not violate the provisions of laws and regalutions, decency and the public interest.