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Indonesia is a country that is very famous for its friendly people and diverse culture. Indonesia has a motto which can no longer only be interpreted as values ​​that must be conveyed but rather its implementation. One of them is Bhineka Single Ika which is a motto which has an important role for the Indonesian people as a reference for good society in everyday life. The realization of the Indonesian nation's unity and integrity also rests on Bhinneka Tunggal Ika. This is because the nation of Indonesia requires infrastructure that can bring its diverse population together; in the absence of Bhinneka Tunggal Ika, there will probably be a great deal of strife because of this diversity. Based on research results, the values ​​that are interrelated between Bhinneka Tunggal Ika and religious moderation are togetherness, justice, mutual respect and harmony. Researchers also found several findings and discussions in this research, namely the role of Bhinneka Tunggal Ika as the unifier of the Indonesian nation and also the role of Bhineka Tunggal Ika as the identity of the Indonesian nation. From these roles, it can be concluded that the various roles contained in Ika's motto of unity in diversity as an entity to strengthen pluralism in Indonesia, especially in social life.

In order to create an orderly society in terms of population administration and ensure the sustainability of national population data, the government is responsible for providing complete and clear population data. It is expected that government officials across Indonesia, particularly in Batam City, deliver high-quality public services in accordance with Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) and public expectations. However, there are still areas for improvement in public services, especially in Batam. This research aims to critically analyze the quality of e-KTP services at the Sei Beduk sub-district in Batam City, focusing on the infrastructure and procedural challenges that impact service delivery. A qualitative descriptive approach was used in this study. Data was collected, reduced to relevant findings, and presented narratively. The results indicate that the service quality in the Sei Beduk sub-district is generally good, with services facilitating e-KTP issuance. However, the process is often delayed due to issues such as the absence of stamps from the central office. Employee discipline is another challenge, as some staff members still fail to adhere to working hours. Additionally, the sub-district office is equipped with only one recording device, which significantly hampers the efficiency and quality of the service. These infrastructural and procedural challenges must be addressed to improve the overall quality of e-KTP services in the region.

Background : Spinal anesthesia techniques are mostly used in obstetric surgery, especially sectio caesarea, which can be seen from the birth rate through sectio caesaria, which is 9.8% of 49,603 births in Indonesia, data collected from 2010-2013. The most common complication is post-anesthesia shivering. Shivering after anesthesia can occur in 33-56.7% of patients using spinal anesthesia. Objective : This research aims to describe post-anesthetic shivering the use of the spinal anesthesia enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) method with the NON-ERAS.. Research Methods : This research uses Quasi Experiment Observational design. Sampling technique with purposive sampling. Samples were 60 samples of sectio caesarea patients. Test data analysis with Mann Whitney. Shivering incident data was taken from the shivering score observation sheet with a value of 0 to 4. Results : The analysis indicated that the most frequently observed degree of shivering was grade 0, accounting for 16 samples (53.3%) in the ERAS spinal anesthesia group and 15 samples (50%) in the Non-ERAS group. The absence of shivering was more prevalent in both groups, observed in 26 samples (86.7%) in the ERAS spinal anesthesia group and 19 samples (63.3%) in the Non-ERAS group. Conclusion : Conclusions of the research, there is a difference in the incidence of shivering in the ERAS spinal anesthesia method and the non-ERAS spinal anesthesia method.

This community service program aims to enhance environmental legal awareness through a participatory campus cleanliness initiative involving the academic community at Universitas Sunan Giri Surabaya. The primary issues addressed include limited understanding of environmental law, low participation in maintaining campus cleanliness, and the absence of sustained pro-environmental behavior. The program employed a participatory, educational, and practical approach, involving 50 students as participants. The activities were implemented through stages of environmental law education, waste management training, and direct action in the form of a campus clean-up program. The effectiveness of the program was measured using pre-test and post-test assessments, questionnaires, and field observations. The results indicate a significant improvement in participants’ knowledge, with average scores increasing from 62 to 86. In addition, there was a notable shift in attitudes, reflected in heightened awareness and concern for environmental cleanliness. Behavioral changes were also observed, particularly in the increased habit of proper waste disposal and active participation in maintaining campus cleanliness.The findings demonstrate that integrating environmental legal education with hands-on participation is an effective strategy for fostering comprehensive legal awareness. This program not only impacted individual participants but also contributed to the creation of a cleaner and more sustainable campus environment. Therefore, it has strong potential to be developed as a replicable model of community service in other higher education institutions

Crimes against children that are rampant today are immoral crimes, namely sexual intercourse. In several cases of criminal acts of intercourse against children, there are often differences between the laws and regulations and the application of the law in the judge's decision. The research method used is Normative formulation of the problem as follows: (1) What is the basis of the judge's legal considerations in imposing punishment on child perpetrators of the crime of sexual intercourse in decision number: 32/Pid.Sus-Anak/2022/PN Lahat? (2) Is the judge's decision fair for child victims of the crime of sexual intercourse in decision number: 32/Pid.Sus-Anak/2022/PN Lahat?. The results showed that: (1) The basis of the judge's consideration includes juridical and non-juridical considerations. Juridical considerations include: 1) The indictment of the public prosecutor 2) Witness testimony 3) Statement of the defendant 4) Evidence 5) Articles charged. Non-juridical considerations, which are the basis for the judge's consideration, have 2 (two)categories, namely: Philosophical aspects include: a)The nature of the criminal offense (whether it is a serious or minor criminal offense), b)The threat of punishment for the criminal offense, the circumstances and atmosphere at the time of committing the criminal offense (which provide and alleviate), c)The defendant's personality whether he is a criminal who has been repeatedly convicted or a criminal for this one time only, unwritten law and the values that live in society, b) Taking into account the presence or absence of peace, guilt, the role of victims, c) Community factors, namely the environment where the law applies or is applied, d) Community factors, namely the environment where the law applies or is applied, e) Cultural factors, namely as a result of the work of creation and taste based on human spirit

This research aims to explore the hermeneutical thought patterns of the Koran; Prof. Sahiron Syamsuddin uses descriptive qualitative methods with literature analysis. The research results show that the ma'na-cum-maghza hermeneutic method developed by Prof. Sahiron Syamsuddin is a development of various previous interpretive theories with no genuinely new elements. The proposed methodology must be more thorough, and the solutions and proposals are still general and ambiguous. Criticism of classical ulama's thinking is more dominant, and the absence of the word "Hermeneutical Tafsir of the Koran" shows that this method is impractical and can only be applied in a limited way. The implication is that this hermeneutics is unsuitable for studying the Koran because it can cause confusion and doubt. This approach is based on an attitude of skepticism and relativism, which places the Koranic text on par with other texts, resulting in uncertainty in meaning and interpretation that is relative and temporary. The use of the ma'na-cum-maghza hermeneutic method can result in the deconstruction of Islamic laws in the Koran and disrupt the structure of Islamic epistemology.

Employment agreements are a crucial step in establishing the employer-employee relationship. While both the Indonesian Labor Law and the Job Creation Law encourage written agreements, verbal contracts are also legally recognized. Written employment agreements serve as a binding instrument and evidence, yet many labor relationships operate without them. This can lead to legal disputes, particularly regarding workers' rights, as exemplified in the Mamuju District Court Decision No. 2/PDT.SUS-PHI/2018/PN.Mam. This study employs a descriptive-analytical approach, adhering to the normative legal research method. Secondary data is gathered from primary legal materials, secondary legal materials, and tertiary legal materials. The findings reveal that workers' rights under verbal agreements are still protected by the Labor Law and the Job Creation Law. However, the absence of written documentation of agreed-upon terms for termination of employment can pose challenges in proving these terms in court. In the Mamuju District Court Decision No. 2/PDT.SUS-PHI/2018/PN, the court ordered the defendant to pay double the plaintiff's entitlements due to the wrongful termination of employment through coercion. The court found that the plaintiff's termination was unrelated to any company policy violation and could not be substantiated due to the lack of written documentation.

With the times, the modus operandi of crime has also evolved. It’s characterized by crime victims who are currently not only limited to adults, but children are also often victims. One of the crimes that often befall children is sexual abuse. Indonesia as a state of law has attempted to protect children from crime, for example by establishing laws and regulations. One form of protection is by providing rights for child victims of criminal acts, one of which is the right to restitution. However, in practice, the provision of restitution hasn’t t been optimally implemented. The purpose of this research is to find out the causes of the provision of restitution that hasn’t been optimally implemented, especially in the case of Decision Number 133/Pid.Sus/2023/PN. This research uses empirical legal research methods with interview data collection techniques. Based on the results of the research, there are two factors that become obstacles in providing restitution for child victims. First, internal factors in the form of the absence of coercive rules if the perpetrator doesn’t pay restitution, administrative requirements for submitting restitution requests that burden the victim, and there are no rules that guarantee restitution is immediately paid by the perpetrator. Second, external factors in the form of the victim's lack of legal awareness and still focusing on punishing the perpetrator.

Different types of attendance systems are used in various settings such as schools and companies, namely web-based systems that can be used as a substitute for absenteeism. Another attendance system being developed is a QR Code based attendance system which requires user verification using RFID fingerprint or voice command. It is necessary to develop an attendance system that uses RFID sensors at universities as a technological adaptation.Currently, lecture attendance at the Fakfak State Polytechnic College, especially in the Informatics Management Department, still uses a manual attendance system, namely taking attendance of students using an attendance book every class hour. Running absenteeism creates a problem, namely that it is impractical. The impracticality of this system can be that it takes a lot of time to register students one by one, thereby cutting into course hours. Not to mention the phenomenon of leaving absences which usually takes advantage of lecturers' negligence to sign the absences of friends who are unable to come. You can also directly sign attendance from the first meeting to the last meeting. So the author conducted research on making student attendance tools that use RFID, and can monitor student attendance data by lecturers via a website. Based on these problems, an attendance system based on RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) using NodeMCU is expected to be able to solve these problems.

Medical tourism is a medical activity that is included with tourism activities. Currently, medical tourism has become a promising trend for Indonesia. This is supported by the potential of its natural beauty. However, there are challenges related to medical tourism itself. Thus, the problem of this research is how to analyze the law regarding the opportunities and challenges of medical tourism in Indonesia. The aim of this research is to determine the legal analysis of medical tourism in Indonesia. This research uses a normative juridical approach, qualitative descriptive research specifications, library study data collection methods and qualitative data analysis methods. The results of this research are the enactment of Minister of Health Regulation no. 76 of 2015 concerning Medical Tourism Services, the health industry in Indonesia has a legal umbrella that can provide opportunities for Indonesia in competitions for providing medical tourism. However, the absence of clear and specific legal regulations regarding medical tourism guides, as well as the weak legal framework for protecting personal data regarding patient medical records, especially for foreign patient data, can be a challenge for medical tourism. Thus, the government needs to overcome these challenges and increase existing opportunities.  

The position of the Prime Minister (PM) in Iraq is the head of the Iraqi government and the Iraqi Council of Ministers and is represented as the direct executive responsible for the general policy of the state and the commander in chief of the Iraqi armed forces. The PM is assigned by the President of the Republic and the candidate of the most numerous parliamentary bloc in the parliamentary systems, as he forms the Council of Ministers within fifteen days from the date of the election of the President of the Republic. The problem of this study lies in the constitutional and legal absence, which takes it upon itself to refer to this important position, and defines its competence and powers. The most important problem of this study, including, the legal and constitutional adaptation to the position of Deputy Prime Minister (DPM), whether at the national, global, and European levels. Besides, whether is the position of the PDM considering a public servant or assigned to public service. Obviously, from imposing the possibility on the Iraqi and international levels of most foreign countries that this problem will have a number of results about this characterization. In this research, the researcher used the analytical method, where the research was dealt with in two topics, introducing the Deputy Prime Minister, and the second topic was devoted to the mechanism of electing the Deputy Prime Minister.

The position of the Prime Minister (PM) in Iraq is the head of the Iraqi government and the Iraqi Council of Ministers and is represented as the direct executive responsible for the general policy of the state and the commander in chief of the Iraqi armed forces. The PM is assigned by the President of the Republic and the candidate of the most numerous parliamentary bloc in the parliamentary systems, as he forms the Council of Ministers within fifteen days from the date of the election of the President of the Republic. The problem of this study lies in the constitutional and legal absence, which takes it upon itself to refer to this important position, and defines its competence and powers. The most important problem of this study, including, the legal and constitutional adaptation to the position of Deputy Prime Minister (DPM), whether at the national, global, and European levels. Besides, whether is the position of the PDM considering a public servant or assigned to public service. Obviously, from imposing the possibility on the Iraqi and international levels of most foreign countries that this problem will have a number of results about this characterization. In this research, the researcher used the analytical method, where the research was dealt with in two topics, introducing the Deputy Prime Minister, and the second topic was devoted to the mechanism of electing the Deputy Prime Minister.

This legal writing aims to examine the obstacles to law enforcement against dentists who practice without a license in Batang Regency, Central Java. This research uses empirical legal research methods or non doctrinal research. Based on the results of the study, it is known that the obstacles found are the absence of regional regulations governing the licensing of dental practices.

The quality of microorganisms in the air describes the health condition of the microbiology laboratory environment and its pathogenicity can cause infections in humans, such as infections of bacteria in the microbiology laboratory. Microscopic identification by observation directly use the colony counter. Pay attention to the shape of the bacteria and count the number of bacteria that grow, after that document the results obtained in the research and analyze them using descriptive analysis. The air quality in the laboratory is a sign of whether the air in the indoor area is good or bad. There are several types of microorganisms contained in the air, there are types of microorganisms that are often found in the air, including bacteria, fungi and viruses. Factors that can influence the presence of microorganisms in the air consist of temperature, air flow, humidity, lighting and the type of microorganism itself. In this study, samples were taken at a central point in the microbiology laboratory, and the results did not show any bacterial growth, so the air quality met laboratory standards. The absence of living microbes in a laboratory area is caused by sterile conditions and the sterilization process.

This research aims to deal with educational problems, namely truant behavior, the method used is a qualitative method with the type of observation at SMAN 8 Cirebon City school. Observation is a strategy for obtaining information by direct observation. Truant behavior is a deviant act which, if left unchecked, will hamper the success of an education, truancy or absence without permission has become commonplace now. In America, absenteeism is considered a problematic issue. This is because according to several studies, truant behavior is considered a predictor of juvenile delinquency. This truant behavior occurs due to two factors, namely internal factors and external factors, one example of which is the low level of student motivation, and problems in the community or family environment experienced by students. Here the role of the Guidance Teacher is needed to provide solutions and motivation, as well as appropriate direction in providing the approaches and techniques that students need.  

Receiving care from parents is a child's right. However, the absence of parents in a child's life means that a child does not receive care from his parents. The absence of parents is a condition where the whereabouts of the child's parents are unknown or other conditions which prevent the child from getting his right to be cared for. However, this can be overcome by providing alternative care. Alternative care is care that is carried out based on a substitute family or Child Welfare Institution. Service activity method with structured lectures and guidance. The results were that participants were very enthusiastic in participating in service activities by STIKes Mitra Husada Medan lecturers regarding parenting styles for parents in educating their children at home. So that insight and knowledge increase. The following are community service activities, especially parents, starting from providing material by the Lecturer Team headed by Indra Agussamad, S.Kep, M.Kes and members Lisdayanti Simanjuntak, Ingka Kristina and 2 students.

The Approval of Foreign Ship Agency (PKKA) is a requirement in the form of a letter obtained from the system established by the Ministry of Transportation. This letter is useful when the Shipping Agency tasked with representing foreign ships in Indonesian ports, or appointed by the shipowner to carry out duties. Approval for foreign-flagged vessel agencies serves the PKKA Tramper route to support domestic and international maritime transport. The registration of foreign ships involves adding data or registering ships in Simlala that have never entered or been represented by the respective company due to the absence of the ship's name on the Approval of Foreign Ship Agency (PKKA). If the ship has already entered an Indonesian port through the respective agency, there is no need to register the ship in the Simlala system. Simlala is an innovation from the Indonesian Ministry of Transportation, involving the use of online systems or the internet in ship and port services, with Port Authorities as the implementers, to keep up with the developments in the maritime world, where the speed of port services is crucial. In the Simlala system, shipping companies have accounts registered with the Port Authority, and anyone wishing to access the Simlala system must also have an account used to request ship services. In writing this paper, the author conducted field research, including observation, which is the most dominant method used, as well as interview and library research methods.

The development of information systems is now widely used in the business world, both in the living environment and even in the work environment, such as the use of the attendance information system at PT PLN PERSERO. Attendance in an agency is an important factor in human resource management. Accurate and objective information regarding an employee's attendance can present the quality and productivity of performance, determine the size of performance allowances and the general level of employee discipline in the agency. The process of recording and reporting employee absences is a repetitive process that is used at certain times such as entry time, departure time and holidays. It is recommended that audits of this system be carried out periodically or annually, so that the expected level of maturity can be achieved, and as a whole, not just the attendance information system, so that all aspects of work operations can also be evaluated so as to improve employee performance in general. From the results of the maturity level assessment, several findings were obtained in each domain studied, namely with the EDM03 domain having a value of 3.00, it was found that information and data security problems needed to be improved, with the EMD05 domain having a value of 2.93, problems were found that there were no written regulations that could be used as a reference, with domain AP015 with a value of 3.13 found a problem that there was still a difference between cost allocation and actual costs with domain 1P012 with a value of 3.07, a problem was found that there were no risk response regulations available, with domain DSS02 with a value of 3.13 there were no written regulations that could be used as a reference.

The inventory system that has been used has faced various problems, namely that there are often errors in the process of implication in Ms.Excel because the data is large enough and must clean old data. The absence of history of who has entered and accessed into Ms.Excel makes the security of the data in it reduced. To solve the problems faced, an inventory information system was developed using the WEB-based EOQ method. This study aims to analyze the suitability of the developed system with the needs of the user. The results showed that the inventory information system has been integrated with the system so that it is more effective and efficient.. This is evidenced by system testing, internal and external validation carried out by expert experts, plus effectiveness tests between the old system and the new system.

The development of housing credit provided by the North Lampung Matrix Housing Developer sometimes gives rise to bad credit problems, where the realization of the credit provided does not reach the predetermined target. This can affect North Lampung Matrix Housing activities and impact developer accountability. What is the developer's responsibility for credit in accordance with Law Number 1 of 2011 concerning Housing and Settlement Areas in Matrix Housing in North Lampung? The research results show that the developer's responsibility for credit in accordance with Law Number 1 of 2011 concerning Housing and Settlement Areas at Matrix Housing in North Lampung includes the obligation to collect debtors who experience problematic credit who collaborate with the developer. North Lampung Matrix Housing Partners Bank, basically this obligation has not been specifically regulated in the banking law and still uses general rules such as the Banking Law, Civil Code and Law Number 40 of 2007 concerning Limited Liability Companies. The absence of special "lex specialis" regulations is a weakness in responsibility when bad credit occurs. All components of North Lampung Matrix Housing have juridical responsibility for all operational activities. Resolving problem loans at Matrix Housing in North Lampung can be done in two ways, namely litigation efforts through the courts and non-litigation efforts through preventive measures such as anticipating the emergence of bad credit, early warning and negotiation.