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Masalah sampah organik di Indonesia terus meningkat seiring pertumbuhan penduduk. Sampah organik mendominasi komposisi sampah di Indonesia sebesar 62%. Biokonversi menggunakan larva Black Soldier Fly (BSF) atau maggot menjadi salah satu solusi pengelolaan sampah organik berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan membandingkan efektivitas biokonversi antara sampah pasar dan rumah makan sebagai pakan maggot. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode eksperimen menggunakan enam wadah biokonversi, terdiri dari tiga perlakuan (sampah pasar, rumah makan, dan campuran) dan tiga kontrol, selama 14 hari. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa maggot yang mengkonsumsi sampah rumah makan menghasilkan kadar protein (44,6%) dan lemak (41,85%) tertinggi, serta durasi biokonversi tercepat (12 hari). Sebaliknya, sampah pasar memiliki kadar air tinggi sehingga memperlambat proses biokonversi (14 hari). Semua kasgot memenuhi baku mutu SNI kecuali kadar air pada kasgot sampah pasar. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa jenis sampah organik mempengaruhi efektivitas biokonversi, dengan sampah rumah makan menunjukkan hasil paling optimal sebagai pakan alternatif maggot.

This study aims to analyze the relationship between workload and lunch energy distribution on the body composition of employees at Fatimah Hospital Lamongan. A Cross-Sectional analytical observational design was applied with 45 respondents selected using simple random sampling. Data collection included physical workload assessment based on SNI 7269:2009, lunch energy calculations using the Indonesian Food Composition Table, and body composition measurement using Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) with the Omron HBF-214 device. The Sapiro-Wilk test showed the data were nor normally distributed (p = 0.000), hence spearman’s test was user for bivariate analysis. The result indicated a significant relationship between workload and body composition (p = 0.001), as well as between lunch energy distribution and body composition (p = 0.044). these findings emphasize the importance of managing workload and adequate lunch energy intake to maintain optimal body composition and employee productivity.

Pengelolaan sampah yang efektif menjadi tantangan global yang memerlukan solusi berkelanjutan. Kepala Departemen Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Teknologi (Kadepiptek) Akademi Angkatan Laut (AAL), Kolonel Marinir Kakung Priyambodo, memprakarsai inisiatif pengelolaan sampah di lingkungan Kesatrian AAL untuk diolah menjadi kompos. Langkah ini bertujuan mengurangi volume sampah, mendaur ulang nutrisi untuk kesuburan tanah, menghemat sumber daya alam, dan menyediakan solusi berkelanjutan. Program ini sejalan dengan upaya membangun kesadaran lingkungan di kalangan generasi muda. Hasil program menunjukkan manfaat signifikan bagi kebersihan lingkungan, peningkatan kualitas tanah, serta kontribusi pada visi keberlanjutan jangka panjang

This study aims to determine the effect of coconut pulp and seawater compost on the growth of lettuce (Lactuca Sativa L). This type of research uses a quantitative method. Based on the results of the study, the treatment of coconut pulp and seawater compost on the most optimal plant height is the treatment on the 28th day because there is the greatest potential difference in treatment compared to other days and the treatment of coconut pulp and seawater compost on the optimal number of leaves is the treatment on the 42nd day, especially in treatment 5 which produces the highest number of leaves.

Mutiara Serpong Villa Complex, located in Pondok Jagung Timur Village, South Tangerang, is surrounded by the BSD City area. This area faces environmental problems due to the uncontrolled growth of water hyacinth (Eichornia Crassipes) in the surrounding lakes and swamps, causing irrigation disruption and decreasing water quality. Water hyacinth is known as a weed that damages the aquatic environment, but it also has positive potential as a raw material for organic fertilizer. This program aims to overcome the problem of the spread of water hyacinth by utilizing the plant into organic compost. Water hyacinth compost contains high nutrients, helps improve soil properties, and improves the quality and quantity of plants. This initiative is expected to provide environmental benefits while increasing the income of the surrounding community through the use of water hyacinth as organic fertilizer. Community Service Activities at the Mutiara Serpong Villa Complex use several methods that aim to provide understanding and skills about making compost from water hyacinth to the local community. There are five main stages: Socialization, Counseling, Training and Practice, Observation and Evaluation, Sustainability. This method is designed to increase active community participation and the sustainability of water hyacinth compost use as a beneficial environmental solution.

Natural fibers can be used as an alternative basic material for produce SNI helmet that are environmentally friendly. A huge potential of hemp fiber in Indonesia has not apply properly yet. This study propose to determine the ability of tensile strength and impact toughness in hemp fiber composites so that hemp fiber can be used as an alternative material for making SNI helmets. This study uses an unsaturated polyester 157 BQTN-EX resin matrix and MEKPO catalyst. Alkali treatment of the fibers uses 5% NaOH for 2 hours. The composite is made using the hand lay-up method. Variations volume fraction of hemp fiber used are 30%, 40%, 50%. The tensile testing process uses the ASTM D 638-03 standard and impact toughness testing uses the ASTM D 265-03 standard. Based on the research results, the highest tensile test results were obtained at variation on 30% fiber volume fraction is 18.30 MPa, for the highest impact toughness test results were obtained at variation on 50% fiber volume fraction is 0.0248 J/mm2. The greater the variation of the fiber volume fraction given, the lower the tensile strength value produced, while the higher the variation of the fiber volume fraction given, the greater the energy absorbed so that the impact price increases. Based on the test results, this hemp fiber composite needs to be considered as an alternative material to replace SNI helmet manufacturing.

Suboptimal waste management in Kalijoso Village, Secang District, Magelang Regency, is a critical issue that impacts environmental sustainability and public health. The inefficiency of conventional waste disposal methods has led to increased waste accumulation, soil and water pollution, and the spread of diseases, which has significant consequences for local communities. To address these challenges, the local government and community organizations have embraced the principles of the 3R (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle) through a transformation of traditional waste disposal sites (TPS) into 3R TPS. The new approach focuses on sustainable waste management practices that reduce the amount of waste sent to landfills. One of the key strategies implemented is educational outreach to raise awareness about the importance of waste segregation and recycling. Additionally, training programs have been conducted to teach the community how to process organic waste, particularly through the cultivation of maggots using Black Soldier Fly (BSF) larvae. This method not only helps reduce the volume of organic waste but also provides a practical solution for transforming waste into valuable resources. The maggots cultivated during the demonstration are used as animal feed, which creates a sustainable circular economy within the community. Furthermore, composting organic waste results in high-quality compost that supports local agricultural activities. This has added economic value by reducing the need for chemical fertilizers, while simultaneously improving soil health. The role of the Salakan Hamlet Youth Organization has been instrumental in this initiative. They have successfully managed a waste bank, providing an organized and systematic approach to waste collection and recycling. This initiative has fostered a sense of community responsibility and has not only improved waste management practices but also contributed to the overall economic development of the village.

Flavonoid dalam ekstrak daun ketepeng cina (Cassia alata, L.) terbukti sebagai anti malaria. Ekstrak etanol daun ketepeng cina (EEDKC) dikembangkan menjadi Self-Emulsifying Drug Delivery Systems (SEDDS) karena kelarutannya yang rendah dalam air dan kurang stabil dalam kondisi penyimpanan. Penggunaan ekstrak dalam sediaan juga memiliki kekurangan dalam hal absorbsi dan bioavailabilitasnya yang rendah. Namun hal tersebut dapat diatasi dengan memformulasikan EEDKC menjadi sediaan SEDDS. Tujuan dari penelitian adalah untuk menentukan pengaruh dari fase minyak, surfaktan, dan kosurfaktan terhadap formulasi SEDDS EEDKC dan mengkarakterisasinya pada respon parameter waktu emulsifikasi dan % transmitan sehingga memperoleh komposisi yang optimum pada formula SEDDS EEDKC. Pembuatan SEDDS EEDKC dimulai dari uji kelarutan berupa uji pendahuluan kelarutan EEDKC pada minyak, surfaktan, dan kosurfaktan dengan pseudoternary diagram untuk mengidentifikasi area terbentuknya SEDDS yang isotropik. Optimasi formula SEDDS EEDKC menggunakan perangkat lunak Design Expert versi 12 dengan model desain D-Optimal Mixture Design. Dan parameter karakteristik yang diuji adalah waktu emulsifikasi, % transmitan, extract loading, dan stabilitasnya secara termodinamika. Hasil formulasi yang optimal untuk SEDDS EEDKC yaitu 10,00% minyak jagung sebagai fasa minyak; 59,82% Cremophor RH 80 sebagai surfaktan dan 30,18% Transcutol CG sebagai ko-surfaktan. Karakterisasi formula optimum SEDDS EEDKC memiliki waktu emulsifikasi 30,18 detik, nilai transmitan 66,00%.

The performance of pencak silat athletes is influenced by several important factors including physical condition, technique, tactics and psychology. This study aims to determine the body composition, level of nutritional knowledge, and endurance of pencak silat athletes. The type of quantitative research uses a non-experimental observational research design, the participants of this study were 20 Lumajang pencak silat athletes, consisting of 9 male athletes and 11 female athletes. The data in this study were obtained from body composition measurements using the Onemed 825 scan body fat scale, nutritional knowledge level tests from the adoption of the Nutrition for Young and Adult Athlete (NUKYA) questionnaire, and endurance tests using the Beep test. The results of the study showed differences in body composition in male and female athletes in terms of body weight indicators, Fat Free Mass (FFM), Skeletal Muscular Mass (SMM) and Body Mass Index (BMI). The athlete's body composition must be improved in the upper extremity muscle mass of the left and right arms and left and right fitness for female and male athletes and reduce fat mass for female athletes. The level of nutritional knowledge is higher for male athletes with fairly good scores and good endurance levels for both female and male athletes. For coaches, it is recommended to provide weight training programs for athletes with Circuit Training and for athletes to be more active in reading and understanding athlete nutritional knowledge.

The use of lightweight plastic materials is widely applied in the manufacturing of car dashboards. Lightweight plastics or polymers, such as ABS plastic, are not strong enough or can easily crack when impacted. Banana pseudostem fibers have good mechanical properties and are a potential reinforcement for composites. This study aims to analyze the tensile strength of unsaturated polyester-banana pseudostem fiber composites produced through the hand lay-up method at three different angles: 0°/90°, 15°/105°, and 30°/120°. The tensile testing refers to ASTM D638 standards. The results of the tensile tests show that the 0°/90° weaving angle variation had the highest tensile strength value, which was 372.07 MPa. The 30°/120° fiber orientation variation had the lowest tensile strength value at 198.12 MPa. The fractures from the tensile tests were observed through macro photos to understand the failure mode. The macro photo observations showed that all specimens experienced fiber pull-out.    

Purple yam is one of the tubers that serves as a source of antioxidants but has not been optimally utilized. Therefore, it needs to be diversified by processing it into snack bars. This study aims to develop snack bars made from purple yam flour, sorghum flour, and mung bean flour, which have the potential to serve as antioxidant sources and are preferred by panelists. In this study, snack bars were prepared using composite flour (sorghum:mung bean) and purple yam flour in varying ratios: 95:5, 90:10, 85:15 for the composite flour and 20%, 30%, and 40% for the purple yam flour. The snack bars were evaluated for color, texture, moisture content, antioxidant activity, and preference level. Selected samples were further analyzed for ash content, protein content, fat content, anthocyanin content, and crude fiber content. The experimental design used was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with two factors. The snack bars with a composite flour ratio (sorghum:mung bean) of 85:15 and 30% purple yam flour were identified as the best treatment, preferred by panelists and exhibite high antioxidant activity. These snack bars had a moisture content of 13.40%, ash content of 8.83% (db), protein content of 19.75% (db), fat content of 8.80% (db), crude fiber content of 9.54% (db), antioxidant activity of 68.02% (RSA), and anthocyanin content of 37.40 mg/100g

The study aims to determine the species of fish caught by bottom longline and the composition of the number of fish species. The implementation time was carried out on December 11, 2024 - January 11, 2025 at Brondong Port, Lamongan Regency. The method used in this study is the method eksperimental fishing by conducting direct observation of the catch of bottom longline fishing gear. then conducting direct observation of the number of tails and weight of the catch and conducting direct interviews with bottom longline fishermen who operate their longline fishing gear in the waters of Brondong. The results of the bottom longline catch during the research at PPN Brondong which was landed in December 2024, there were 4 types of species caught by the bottom longline fishing gear, namely the swordtail shark ( rhizoprionodon acutus), Manyung Fish (arius thalassinus), Flower Ray (Taeniura lymma) and Remang (congresox talabonoides).

Indonesia as the largest archipelagic country has significant fisheries potential, one of which is through the Nizam Zachman Ocean Fishing Port (PPS) in Jakarta. This port is a central hub for fish landing and distribution in the DKI Jakarta area and its surroundings, particularly with the use of purse seine fishing gear. This study aims to analyze the composition of fish catches using purse seine at the Nizam Zachman Ocean Fishing Port and identify the species caught.  The research method includes direct observation of the catch, documentation, and weighing of each fish species. Primary data is obtained from field observations, while secondary data is gathered from relevant literature. Composition analysis is carried out by calculating the percentage of each fish species relative to the total catch, using the formula Kj = (Ni/N) x 100%. During the study, with a sample of 67 vessels, 31 fish species were recorded, with dominant species including skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) at 55.42%, scads (Decapterus spp.) at 14.11%, bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus) at 13.55%, and yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) at 10.33%. The variation in catches was influenced by fishing season, fishing location, vessel size and operational duration, fishing technology and equipment, and weather conditions.

The management of dry leaves into compost at SMA Muhammadiyah 1 Pekanbaru as part of the implementation of the P5 program is an innovative step in reducing organic waste and maintaining the cleanliness of the school environment. The composting process, which involves students, not only produces beneficial natural fertilizer but also provides learning experiences on waste management and organic farming. Additionally, the use of EM4, sugar, and water helps accelerate the decomposition of organic materials, allowing the compost to be ready for use in a shorter time. This program benefits the school, students, and the community in terms of cleanliness, sustainability, and environmental education. This initiative aims to raise environmental awareness and encourage its application in daily life.

This research examines the potential of Epoxy-HGM-Carbon Fibre and Epoxy HGM Sical Woven Fibre composites as alternative materials for bulletproof vests. These two materials were chosen because they have similar ballistic protection capabilities to kevlar but with lighter weight and more economical cost. Using the finite element method, this study simulates the resistance of each composite to the penetration and impact energy of projectiles in accordance with the NIJ 0101.06 standard to protect users from ballistic threats. The simulation results show that the Epoxy-HGM-S Sisal Woven Fibre specimen at an optimum thickness of 30 mm as well as Epoxy-HGM-Carbon Fibre at a thickness of 18 to 30 mm are able to meet the penetration, Back Face Signature (BFS), and residual kinetic energy criteria that comply with the safe limits for users. This research makes an important contribution to the identification of alternative materials that not only improve user comfort and mobility, but also maintain ballistic protection effectiveness for military and security applications, especially for personnel who need protection against ballistic projectiles.

Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) is a plantation crop that produces cocoa shell waste, and is an alternative as compost fertilizer. Water spinach is a type of vegetable that is widely consumed, but its productivity has decreased. It is necessary to increase plant production by providing additional nutrients by using cocoa shell waste as fertilizer. This research aims to determine the effect of cocoa shell waste compost on the growth of land kale plants. Research methods, namely (RAK); 5 treatments and 4 replications consisting of; P0(control), P1(100gr/polybag), P2(200gr/polybag), P3(300gr/polybag), and P4(400gr/polybag. Parameters observed for growth included; plant stem height, number of leaves and wet weight, then The data was tested using (ANOVA) and continued with the test (BNT) with a level of 5%. The results of the ANOVA test showed that the height growth of land kale plants in the treatment had a very significant effect on the 200g dose of fertilizer where Fcount>Ftable (11.7>3.11) while the group did not have a significant effect where Fcount <Ftable (0.39 < 3.11). significant where Fcount < Ftable (1.83 < 3.11) as well as in groups where Fcount < Ftable (2.1 < 3.11), and the highest wet weight was in treatment P2, namely 5 gr. Providing cocoa shell compost fertilizer at a concentration of 200 gr gave the best results in all observed parameters.

Appropriate Technology is a trantition application  from the traditional technology to modern technology. Appropriate Technology is designed by adapting the enviromental, cultural, social, political and economic society with simple principles, affordable and easy to implemnet. Toto Harjo village has good agricultural potential. In order to improve the quality of agricultural land and also deal with household waste that is nt used properly. Community service activities are carried out by providing education about making compost fertilizer that utilizes organic waste form local farmers household. Implementation of community service activities is carried out trough 3 stages, the preparation stage, implementation stage and evaluation stage. The preparatory stages were carried out by making direct observations in Toto Harjo Village regarding organic waste processing problems. In the implementation stage, activities were carried out involving 26 Toto Mulyo Village farmers. The activity was carried out by providing material on how to process organic fertilizer from household waste using the stacked bucket method and practiced directly, which was actively followed by the farmers of Toto Mulyo Village. Evaluation activities are carried out by distributing questionnaires containing participants' understanding and satisfaction with the service activities carried out. The results of the questionnaire show that the community really understands and hopes that similar activities can continue to be carried out

One of the solutions for waste sustainability is the production of compositions of the highest quality from agriculture. Thermophilic microorganisms play an important role in accelerating the decomposition process and improving composition quality. The purpose of this article is to assess the potential of thermophilic microorganisms from Nias Island agricultural waste in compositional manufacturing based on existing literature. This research examines the role of thermophilic microorganisms such as Bacillus, Thermus, and Actinobacteria species in the decomposition of organic matter. This article also discusses microbiological strategies to improve soil health, thermophilic microorganisms in the composting process, the potential of agricultural waste on Nias Island.

Organic waste management in rural communities, especially those dependent on the agricultural sector, is still a big challenge. Organic waste such as crop residues, leaves and household waste are often not utilized optimally, resulting in environmental pollution and wasted potential. Meanwhile, farmers' dependence on chemical fertilizers increases production costs and reduces soil quality in the long term. This service program aims to provide education and assistance to farmer groups in Nagari Harau regarding the use of simple composters as a solution for managing organic waste. A simple composter is a method that is easy to make, cost effective, and can produce compost that is rich in nutrients. A participatory approach is used in implementing this program to ensure active community involvement in the entire process, from waste collection, composting, to utilization of the results. Through this program, it is concluded that communities can be more independent in managing organic waste, reduce negative impacts on the environment, and increase productivity and overall welfare of farmers.

Normal Weight Obesity (NWO) is a condition in which an individual has a normal weight but a high body fat percentage, increasing the risk of metabolic diseases. Early detection through body composition assessments is essential to prevent health complications in individuals with normal weight but imbalanced body composition. Activities include health education, body composition assessments, and the implementation of preventive measures through healthy lifestyle changes. Assessment results indicate that some individuals have a high body fat proportion despite having a normal weight range. The education provided enhances participants' understanding of NWO risks and the importance of balanced body composition to maintain metabolic health. Body composition assessments in the productive age group enable early detection of body component imbalances not visible through weight alone. Preventive measures such as balanced nutrition and regular physical activity play a significant role in maintaining a healthy body composition and reducing the risk of NWO. Body composition assessment is an effective preventive strategy to detect NWO and promote a healthy lifestyle in the productive age group.