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Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) have long been recognized as a vital driver of economic growth, particularly in rural areas where access to large-scale industries is limited. In Dahu Village, the community relies on local products such as melinjo as one of the main sources of livelihood. However, despite the potential of melinjo-based products, business development has been constrained by limited innovation, low product diversification, and weak marketing strategies. These challenges hinder the competitiveness of local SMEs in wider markets, especially in appealing to younger consumers who often prefer modern and innovative products. To address these challenges, the 2025 Student Work Study Program (KKM) conducted by the University of Bina Bangsa implemented a community empowerment project aimed at enhancing the capacity of SMEs in the melinjo sector. The program introduced the development of an innovative product, namely chocolate-flavored keceprek, a melinjo-based snack with a unique taste and higher market value. The initiative not only focused on product innovation but also provided comprehensive support in production techniques, hygienic and attractive packaging, logo and banner design, as well as digital marketing strategies tailored to rural entrepreneurs. The results of the activity highlight that even a relatively simple innovation can significantly increase product appeal, improve branding, and create new market opportunities. Early feedback indicated that chocolate-flavored keceprek products successfully attracted interest from younger consumers, demonstrating the importance of innovation in maintaining the relevance of traditional products. Furthermore, the project functioned as a collaborative platform where students and local communities worked together in applying entrepreneurial concepts to local potential. This synergy not only contributed to improving the competitiveness of SMEs in Dahu Village but also encouraged sustainable economic development in rural areas through innovation, creativity, and digital-based marketing.

Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) have long been recognized as a vital driver of economic growth, particularly in rural areas where access to large-scale industries is limited. In Dahu Village, the community relies on local products such as melinjo as one of the main sources of livelihood. However, despite the potential of melinjo-based products, business development has been constrained by limited innovation, low product diversification, and weak marketing strategies. These challenges hinder the competitiveness of local SMEs in wider markets, especially in appealing to younger consumers who often prefer modern and innovative products. To address these challenges, the 2025 Student Work Study Program (KKM) conducted by the University of Bina Bangsa implemented a community empowerment project aimed at enhancing the capacity of SMEs in the melinjo sector. The program introduced the development of an innovative product, namely chocolate-flavored keceprek, a melinjo-based snack with a unique taste and higher market value. The initiative not only focused on product innovation but also provided comprehensive support in production techniques, hygienic and attractive packaging, logo and banner design, as well as digital marketing strategies tailored to rural entrepreneurs. The results of the activity highlight that even a relatively simple innovation can significantly increase product appeal, improve branding, and create new market opportunities. Early feedback indicated that chocolate-flavored keceprek products successfully attracted interest from younger consumers, demonstrating the importance of innovation in maintaining the relevance of traditional products. Furthermore, the project functioned as a collaborative platform where students and local communities worked together in applying entrepreneurial concepts to local potential. This synergy not only contributed to improving the competitiveness of SMEs in Dahu Village but also encouraged sustainable economic development in rural areas through innovation, creativity, and digital-based marketing.

Mandai is a traditional fermented food made from the inner skin of the cempedak fruit (Artocarpus champeden) and is widely known in South Kalimantan. Its distinctive sour taste is a result of microbial activity during the natural fermentation process. This study highlights the important role of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) as the dominant agents in Mandai fermentation. The main objective of this research is to isolate and characterize LAB from fermented Mandai samples. The methods used in this study include serial dilution, inoculation on Nutrient Agar (NA) media, incubation at room temperature, colony morphology observation, and Gram staining using crystal violet. The results showed the presence of round colonies with a creamy white color and smooth surfaces, which indicate the characteristics of lactic acid bacteria. Most of the isolates showed Gram-positive properties, supporting their identification as lactic acid bacteria. This research not only enriches our understanding of the microbial ecology in Mandai fermentation but also opens up opportunities for utilizing LAB as a natural preservative or functional probiotic in both traditional and modern food products. The presence of LAB in Mandai fermentation suggests the potential to enhance the quality and health benefits of this traditional food, making it a viable source of probiotics beneficial for digestive health. Additionally, the use of LAB in Mandai processing could increase the appeal of this product in broader markets, both locally and internationally. Overall, this study provides a solid foundation for further development in utilizing microbes in traditional food fermentations. Moreover, it opens opportunities to improve the quality and sustainability of Mandai products while raising awareness about the importance of fermentation in enhancing the nutritional value and health benefits of traditional food products.

Loyang Dogan cake is a traditional Indonesian food commonly sold in markets without the use of modern preservation methods, making it susceptible to microbial contamination. This food is often produced and sold in conditions that may affect its quality and safety. Therefore, this study aims to provide a scientific overview of the potential microbial contamination in Loyang Dogan cakes and its benefits as an educational foundation for both producers and consumers regarding the importance of food hygiene. The focus of this research is to identify bacterial colony growth in Loyang Dogan cakes through microbiological culture tests. The method used in this study involves inoculation, starting with the dilution of the sample using sterile solutions, followed by inoculation onto a Nutrient Agar (NA) medium that has been solidified. The samples are then incubated at 37°C for 24 to 48 hours. After the incubation period, the growing colonies are observed and the number and morphological characteristics are recorded. The results show bacterial colony growth in all tested samples, with differences in the number and shape of the colonies depending on the sample source. The bacterial colonies generally appear white, cream, or yellowish, round, smooth, and vary in size. These findings indicate that Loyang Dogan cakes have the potential to be contaminated with microbes during the production and sale process, posing risks to the quality and safety of consumption. Based on the results, it is concluded that improvements in sanitation and food handling practices for traditional products like Loyang Dogan are necessary to ensure their safety for public consumption. Therefore, educating producers and consumers about food hygiene is crucial to raising awareness of the importance of maintaining food quality and safety.

Traditional salted fish is a widely consumed food product in Indonesia due to its high shelf life and distinctive flavor. However, the production process, which is generally carried out conventionally and openly, has the potential to cause contamination by pathogenic microbes, which can endanger consumer health. This study aims to identify and analyze the presence of pathogenic microorganisms in traditional salted fish products through a microbiological approach. Salted fish samples were taken from various traditional markets and analyzed using microbial culture methods, biochemical identification, and molecular confirmation for pathogenic bacteria such as Salmonella spp., Vibrio spp., Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus. The results showed that most contained pathogenic bacteria exceeding the threshold set by SNI and BPOM, indicating weak sanitation and hygiene control in the processing process. These findings emphasize the importance of implementing hygiene standards and quality control in the home industry of salted fish processing. Furthermore, environmental factors such as sea air quality, drying methods, the use of unclean containers, and minimal knowledge of business actors regarding hygiene practices are the main causes of contamination. In some locations, salted fish is dried directly on the ground or on unsterilized surfaces, increasing the risk of exposure to dust, insects, and microorganisms. The study also found that labeling and date information were not available on most products, making it difficult for consumers to assess their safety. As a preventative measure, educating producers and providing training on Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) and Sanitation Standard Operating Procedures (SSOP) is crucial. Collaboration between the Health Office, the Food and Drug Monitoring Agency (BPOM), and local governments is also recommended to conduct regular inspections and provide food safety certification facilities for small businesses.

This study aims to determine and analyze the influence of price perception, location, and market atmosphere on consumer purchase intention at Segiri Market in Samarinda City, both partially and simultaneously. The background of this research is based on the phenomenon of declining consumer interest in shopping at traditional markets, which has affected traders' income, even though Segiri Market is the main market with a strategic location in the city center. This phenomenon highlights the challenges traditional markets face in maintaining their appeal amid competition from modern markets and shopping malls. Therefore, it is important to explore factors that may influence consumer purchase intention at traditional markets. This research uses a quantitative approach, with data collection techniques through questionnaires distributed to 100 respondents who are visitors of Segiri Market. The collected data were then analyzed using multiple linear regression with the help of SPSS version 27. The results showed that, partially, the location variable had a significant effect on purchase intention, meaning that a strategic location could enhance the market's appeal to consumers. However, price perception and market atmosphere variables did not show a significant effect on purchase intention on their own. Nevertheless, simultaneously, all three variables (price perception, location, and market atmosphere) had a significant impact on consumer purchase intention. These findings have important implications for market managers and local governments to pay more attention to strategic locations and create a comfortable and attractive market atmosphere. This could increase the appeal of traditional markets, attract more visitors, and ultimately help boost traders' income and support the sustainability of traditional markets as part of the local cultural and economic identity.

Small-scale economic activities, such as micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs), play a vital role in a region's economy. MSMEs need to be protected and empowered to prevent unfair competition between businesses, especially those involving large-scale businesses. One example of an MSME with great potential is the amplang (rice crackers) manufacturing business, a typical souvenir from Balikpapan. Amplang has a distinctive taste and is attractive to tourists visiting the city, and has the potential to be further developed in the future. However, during the community service process, several problems were discovered among these MSMEs. One of the main problems is the lack of online product marketing expansion. These MSMEs still rely on traditional marketing methods, which are limited to direct sales or through local markets. However, with technological developments and high internet usage, the use of social media for product promotion can have a significant impact on increasing sales and market reach. To address this issue, market share expansion was carried out by utilizing social media, which has not previously been used by these MSMEs. Social media platforms like Instagram, Facebook, and WhatsApp can be highly effective platforms for introducing amplang products to a wider market, both locally, regionally, and nationally. Furthermore, this community service program also provides business development assistance by providing training to MSMEs in social media management, engaging content creation, and appropriate digital marketing strategies. With this introduction to online marketing and mentoring, it is hoped that amplang MSMEs in Balikpapan can better develop their businesses, expand their market reach, and increase their competitiveness in an increasingly competitive market.

This study aims to evaluate the extent to which the Shopee e-commerce platform affects the sales rate of clothes in Pasar 16 Ilir, Palembang, which is known as one of the largest clothing trading centers in South Sumatra. The background of this research departs from the phenomenon of the rapid development of e-commerce in Indonesia, where Shopee dominates the fashion category and is the main choice of consumers in online shopping. The change in consumer behavior from conventional to digital shopping patterns encourages businesses in traditional markets to adjust strategies to remain relevant and competitive in the increasingly dynamic era of digital transformation. This research method uses a combination of quantitative and qualitative approaches. A survey was conducted on 100 sellers and 150 consumers to collect data on shopping habits, perception of promotions, and the impact of using Shopee on clothing sales. In addition, in-depth interviews with several business actors at Pasar 16 Ilir were conducted to gain a more detailed understanding of the adaptation strategies they implemented. Data analysis shows that Shopee's promotional features, such as discounts, cashback, and flash sales, are the dominant factors that increase consumer interest. Hedonistic aspects, including the convenience and pleasure of online shopping, as well as customer reviews, also have a significant influence on purchasing decisions. The results of the study confirm that the integration of Shopee with the traditional market contributes to the increase in the volume and sales value of clothes in Pasar 16 Ilir. The online-to-offline (O2O) synergy model helps merchants reach a wider market and improve their competitiveness. In conclusion, optimizing e-commerce platforms through effective promotion strategies, review management, and customer service is the key for MSME actors in facing competition in the digital era.

The Mesak SME is a micro-enterprise in the food sector that still relies on conventional marketing strategies. This reliance on traditional promotional methods has prevented it from optimally reaching the digital market. However, utilizing digital technology is currently a crucial aspect of business development, particularly for increasing competitiveness and expanding market reach. Therefore, this community service activity was carried out with the primary goal of improving the Mesak SME's capacity to adopt digital marketing strategies. The community service program was designed in a structured and sustainable manner through several stages: an initial survey to determine the SME's existing condition, observation of existing marketing activities, and socialization of the benefits of digital technology in business development. Next, intensive training was conducted, covering the use of social media as a promotional tool, creating engaging digital content that aligns with the product's characteristics, and introducing e-commerce platforms to expand market access. The training focused on a practical approach that is easy for SMEs to understand. Furthermore, mentoring and evaluation were provided to ensure the sustainability of the digital strategy implementation after the program was completed. Through this series of activities, it is hoped that the Mesak SME will be able to actively utilize social media, produce engaging content, and market its products through various digital channels. The results of this activity are not only aimed at increasing sales volume but also at building a more professional and competitive business image, both in local and digital markets. With improved digital marketing capabilities, Mesak SMEs are expected to develop independently and sustainably in the era of digital transformation.

Indonesian people's shopping trends tend to shift from traditional markets to modern retail for reasons of convenience, location affordability, and speed of service. This study aims to determine whether Store Atmosphere and Experiential Marketing have a significant effect on consumer purchasing decisions at Alfamart Sadia I branch either partially or simultaneously. The data collection method uses a questionnaire with a Likert scale. The population in the study were all consumers of Alfamart Sadia I branch with a sample size of 96 people. Data analysis techniques used multiple linear regression, t-test and f-test. The results of the study showed that Experiential Marketing had no significant effect on purchasing decisions, Store Atmosphere had a significant effect on purchasing decisions and Experiential marketing and store atmosphere had a significant effect on purchasing decisions.

As a key source of animal protein in Indonesia with growing demand, this study examines the income levels of broiler chicken meat vendors at Tanjung Pura Market, Langkat Regency. Despite fluctuating prices and limited purchasing power among consumers, traditional markets continue to serve an essential function in meat distribution. The objective of this research is to assess the income of broiler chicken sellers by analyzing production costs, output, profits or losses, R/C ratio, and break-even point (BEP). Using a total sampling method, ten vendors at Tanjung Pura Market were chosen as the research subjects. A qualitative approach was applied through descriptive analysis.

Formalin is a 37% formaldehyde solution in water, commonly misused as a food preservative despite its toxicity and prohibition in food products. This study aimed to determine the presence and levels of formalin in wet noodles sold at Peunayong Market, Banda Aceh, using visible spectrophotometry. A descriptive design was applied to three randomly selected samples. Qualitative tests using multiple reagents (Schiff, Schryver, KMnO₄, and a test kit) showed negative results for formalin presence. However, quantitative analysis with Spectroquant Prove 300 revealed that all samples contained formalin levels exceeding the acceptable standard. The concentrations ranged from 0.7433 mg/L to 0.8766 mg/L, indicating that the products are unsafe for consumption. These findings underline the need for stricter monitoring and improved food safety awareness among producers and consumers in traditional markets.

This study investigates the forms and functions of language registers across diverse social contexts, including traditional markets, professional communities, digital media, and podcasts, through a literature review of ten scholarly articles published in accredited journals between 2021 and 2025. Employing a descriptive qualitative approach, the data were analyzed to identify linguistic variations that reflect specific social contexts, situations, and communicative purposes, aligned with Halliday’s (1978) concept of register, which emphasizes language adaptation to social contexts. The findings indicate that register forms encompass specific words, phrases, abbreviations, acronyms, and reduplications. Their communicative functions include instrumental, interactional, representational, and regulative roles, which enhance communication efficiency and preserve cultural identity. This study provides insights for researchers, educators, and practitioners to leverage registers in contextual communication.

This study aims to analyze the factors that influence the income of female traders in the informal sector, specifically at Amlapura Timur Market, Karangasem Regency. The research employs a quantitative associative method using multiple linear regression analysis to examine the effects of age, working hours, capital, business location, and transportation costs on the income of female traders. Data were collected from 93 respondents using purposive sampling. The results show that age, working hours, capital, business location, and transportation costs simultaneously have a significant effect on the income of female traders. Partially, age has a negative effect on income, while working hours, capital, business location, and transportation costs have positive effects. This study provides insights into the challenges and opportunities faced by female traders in traditional markets and offers recommendations for gender- and location-based economic empowerment strategies.  

In an effort to improve the quality of environmental sanitation in traditional markets, this community service program involves students as agents of change. Traditional markets are often a gathering place for various wastes and impurities, which can have a negative impact on public health. This activity aims to increase public awareness and knowledge, especially traders and market visitors, about the importance of environmental sanitation. Through the social services carried out, students provide information about good sanitation practices and how to maintain a clean environment. The results of this activity are expected to create positive changes, improve public health, and make traditional markets a clean and comfortable place. This program is not only beneficial to the community, but also a valuable experience for students in applying the knowledge they learn, as well as developing social concern and responsibility for the environment.

This studyaims to examine the economic activities of low-income communities and identify factors that influence these activities in Tamaila Utara Village,Tolangohula Sub-district,Gorontalo Regency. The study employed a qualitative method using a systematic approach. Data collection techniques included observation, interview, and source triangulation.Data analysis involved data reduction followed by drawing conclusions. The findings indicate that most low-income residents in Tamaila Utara rely on agriculture, particularly corn farming, as their primary livelihood. Farming activities are supported by family members due to limited financial capacity to hire labor, and the tools used are still very simple or traditional. For crop distribution,the community depends on local traders who offer prices significantly lower than market rates, due to limited transportation access to larger markets. In terms of consumption,residents can only meet their basic needs, with low nutritional intake due to minimal income. Other challenges to improving the local economy include water scarcity during the dry season, low educational attainment among farmers,lack of government-provided training, and unpredictable weather and environmental conditions. Therefore,government support is urgently needed,such as irrigation development, agricultural training, and the provision of modern tools or technology to enhance community welfare in the future.

This study aims to evaluate the financial feasibility of tempeh production using genetically modified soybeans (Genetically Modified Organisms/GMO) at the Annisa Tempe Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprise (MSME) in Kubu Raya Regency. GMO soybeans are the preferred choice for the business owner due to their stable availability and lower price compared to local soybeans. This research employs a case study approach and utilizes investment feasibility analysis methods, including Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), and Net Benefit-Cost Ratio (Net B/C). The results show that the business yields an NPV of IDR 779,241,805, an IRR of 20.82%, and a Net B/C of 78.92. These indicators demonstrate that the GMO-based tempeh business at Annisa Tempe MSME is highly feasible from a financial perspective. The study also identifies key challenges such as competition in traditional markets and highlights opportunities through direct distribution and stable raw material supply. These findings are expected to serve as a reference for MSME actors, academics, and policymakers in developing sustainable GMO-based local food businesses.

Tempe artisans in Teluk Betung District, Bandar Lampung City play an important role in providing soybean-based food products. However, the marketing of their products is still conducted conventionally, relying on traditional markets and simple promotional methods, which limits market reach and reduces product competitiveness. This community service activity aims to improve the knowledge and skills of tempe artisans in implementing effective marketing strategies, particularly through digital platforms and product packaging development. The methods used included interactive lectures, group discussions, social media simulations, and practical sessions on designing product labels using simple applications. The workshop results showed that most participants successfully created business social media accounts, designed product labels, and understood the importance of attractive packaging in increasing product value. This activity is expected to serve as a stimulus for developing tempe product marketing in Teluk Betung and surrounding areas.

This study aims to examine and compare the expenditure and income patterns between traditional market traders in Sukaramai Market and MMTC with street vendors operating around the State University of Medan (UNIMED). This study is based on the main differences between the two groups, especially related to business legality, sales location, and operational costs, which have the potential to affect business effectiveness and the economic welfare of the actors. The comparative quantitative method was used to collect data through questionnaires and Simple Random Sampling sampling techniques on 45 respondents, consisting of 30 market traders and 15 street vendors. The collected data were then analyzed using statistical inference techniques to obtain accurate and reliable parameter estimates. The results of the study show that market traders have an average income of IDR 9.37 million with expenses of IDR 6.7 million per month, so that the net profit obtained reaches IDR 2.67 million. Meanwhile, street vendors have an average income of IDR 7.2 million and expenses of IDR 5.53 million, so that their net profit is around IDR 1.67 million. Although market traders' expenses are higher, they still get a greater net profit. This study confirms that business location, legality, and management system factors significantly affect the efficiency and economic success of traders. This finding is very relevant as a basis for formulating fair and sustainable policies for empowering the informal sector, especially for small and micro traders in urban areas, in order to optimally improve their economic welfare.

This study aims to fine out how Islamic Business Ethics is applied to buying and selling transaction in Prumdam market, Bengkulu City. The purpose of this study is to explore the understanding and application of Islamic Business Ethics among traders in Traditional markets. The main issue raised was the lack of understanding of traders regarding the principles of Islamic Business Ethics and the challenges they face. The study used a qualitative method with a descriptive approach, involving structured interviews with traders who had at least five years of experience in the Prumdam Morning Market. The results of the study show that some of the traders have understood the importance of honesty and Amanah in transactions, however there are some traders who are not effective in communicating the quality of the goods they sell, which reflects the lack of awareness of Islamic Business Ethics principles. Therefore, there is a need for better education and socialization to traders about Ethical values ​​which are the foundation in doing business.