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Policies that are often taken by public officials sometimes give rise to major criticism committing a pattern of criminal acts of corruption. Policies that are considered can fall into the action category corruption is policies that could harm state finances. So it's a loss State finances are one of the elements of criminal acts of corruption in Article 2 paragraph (1) and Article 3 Act No. 31 Year 1999 jo Act No. 20 Year 2001 about Eradication Act Criminal Corruption. The formulation of elements that are detrimental to state finances in these two articles is at the evidentiary level still raises various obstacles because it is an unclear and unclear norm multiple interpretations. Results from study show that prove that element harm state finances in criminal acts of corruption are still understood as formal criminal acts so that the proof Enough with fulfil deed the And No need There is consequence, Good Which potential harm finance country nor loss Which Actually, perpetrator can convicted. After Court Constitution through Decision Number 25/PUU-XIV/2016 mention that the word "can" in Article 2 paragraph (1) and Article 3 is unconstitutional and is fundamentally change qualification corruption become become crime material, However in its implementation There are different views regarding law enforcement officials in proving that element This is detrimental to state finances, giving rise to legal uncertainty. In the upcoming corruption criminal law reform, the more appropriate model of proof is with use draft loss finance country in meaning  crime material. Through draft This, something deed new can seen fulfil elements follow criminal corruption with condition There must be a result of the state's loss being real and occurring (actual). lost). Proof concept loss state finances in meaning  material ensure law Which fair certainty.

The phenomenon of moral or moral decadence is often seen by a wide audience today, starting from violence, brawls, exclusivism, to the loss of respect for foster children towards teachers/caregivers. All forms of dysfunction are indicated because good interpersonal communication has not been established. This research aims to analyze the interpersonal communication developed by caregivers at the Putra Utama 3 Children's Orphanage in fostering noble morals, as well as the efforts carried out and the obstacles faced during the implementation of moral guidance. Researchers used a qualitative approach with a field study type of research involving orphanage caregivers and several foster children as research informants. Data collection uses three approaches, namely observation, interviews and documentation. Meanwhile, data analysis uses three models, namely data reduction, data exposure, and drawing conclusions. The results of the research concluded that interpersonal communication among caregivers at the Putra Utama 3 Children's Social Home is something that is fundamentally implemented and represents all forms of action carried out through moral development. This is realized by social care caregivers through moral development efforts, both verbal and nonverbal. So, the obstacles faced during moral development can be resolved well.

This research discusses study time (study period) in the book of Ta’lim Muta’allim, it has been stated that there are three recommended times for studying, namely: youth, sahur time, the time between maghrib and isya. Studying is a must or something that must be done for loyal Muslims and there is no age limit in the studying. In the book of Ta’lim Muta’allim by Imam al-Jarnuzi there is a phrase that says ‘demand knowledge from the cradle to the grave”. This sentence commands all of us that we are required to study from childhood until we reach the end of our lives, especially in the field of religious knowledge. Because the Prophet SAW said: “seeking knowledge is obligatory for every Muslim”. Si it is clear that we are obliged to learn as long as we are still alive and can still breathe in this world. This research is a type of library research, namely research that uses dataand information with the help of various materials contained in the library, such as books, journals, document, historical stories and others that can be used as reference sorces in research.

Early childhood development is something that will disrupt a child's life, which arises from a mismatch in their development. The research objective of this research is to understand the problems faced by young children, minimize the emergence and impact of these problems, and be able to provide appropriate assistance efforts. Therefore, it is important to know about early childhood development because at this time, children are in a golden age that only comes once and cannot be repeated. As educators and parents, it is mandatory to see children's growth and development from an early age, and what a loss it is for parents who don't care about their children's development. A child's problem is something that is disturbing. Language development disorders are the inability or limitations in using linguistic symbols to communicate verbally or delays in a child's ability to develop speech and language according to their age group, gender, customs and intelligence. Therefore, if speech and language disorders are not treated appropriately, there will be problems with reading ability, verbal ability, behavior, psychosocial adjustment and poor academic ability. Parents/teachers need to understand this problematic behavior because "problem children" are usually seen in the classroom and they even display problematic behavior in all interactions with their environment. Children's lives, which arise due to disharmony in their development.

Education is something that is considered important in everyone's life. Unfortunately, many people are not fortunate enough to receive an education. This is due to poverty. From this, the government finally set regulations through Law No. 12 of 2012 concerning Higher Education which authorizes the government to realize justice, affordability, and equity in obtaining quality higher education related to the benefits of social progress, prosperity, and independence. Therefore, the government finally issued the Indonesia Smart Card (KIP) policy to overcome this problem, because there are still many students who are still in school but drop out because of financial problems. The purpose of this research is to see how the management of the KIP Lecture scholarship at IAKN Tarutung. This research method was conducted with the philosophy of postpositivism, investigating the state of natural objects and using a descriptive qualitative approach with purposive sampling. The KIP college scholarship at IAKN Tarutung provides an opportunity for students who excel but have economic limitations to get higher education in college.

Basically, the term semiotics comes from the Greek word Semeion which means sign. The sign itself can be interpreted as something on the basis of a previously created social agreement that can be considered to represent something else. Previously, a sign could be interpreted as something that referred to the existence of another thing. Semiotic analysis here is an attempt to do something with the aim of feeling the presence or existence of something strange and foreign, something that we need to question more deeply when we observe the surrounding environment, read a text or certain narrative/discourse, observe the signs around us. We. Semiotics is also a scientific study which basically aims to understand and understand the existence of signs in human life. This can be interpreted as meaning that we must give everything that is in human life a meaning because we can see things related to human life as signs that have a meaning that has its own philosophical nature.    

Protection and supervision of the law from the perspective of human rights is something that must be realized in the justice and welfare of every individual. The existence of legal protection for this right aims to refer to a mechanism and procedure that has been provided by the state to ensure that this right can be respected and monitored. Supervision of the law, if seen on the other hand, includes several efforts to ensure that the law can be implemented as fairly as possible, without discrimination or abuse. This right to humans has the aim of protecting the dignity possessed by every human being, this right can guarantee that every person needs to be respected and their nature cannot be contested.

The purpose of this research is to analyze the criminological review of the forms and efforts to overcome violence against children in Kupang City. This research is an empirical juridical research that uses data collection techniques through interviews, documentation studies to obtain primary and secondary data on Criminology Review of Forms and Efforts to Overcome Violence Against Children in Kupang City, the data is descriptively qualitative. The results of this study indicate that the forms of violence that occur in Kupang City, physical violence, namely all acts of torture, beatings and abuse of children with or without the use of objects that cause physical injury or death to children, emotional / psychological violence, namely situations of feeling unsafe and comfortable experienced by children. Sexual violence is when children are sexually abused/treated and also involved or take part in or see activities of a sexual nature with the aim of pornography, body movements, movies or something that aims to exploit sex where someone satisfies their sexual appetite for others. Economic abuse is the abuse of a child's labor for work and other activities for the benefit of their parents or others. Child neglect/exploitation is the attitude and behavior of parents who do not provide proper attention to the child's growth and development process. Efforts made against cases of child abuse are preemptive efforts, initial efforts made by the police to prevent the occurrence of a criminal act, preventive efforts, preventive measures taken by the authorities before the occurrence of a criminal act, repressive efforts, countermeasures made by the authorities after a criminal act has occurred.      

The development of the times is constantly changing, marked by the existence of various applications that have online promotion and sales features. competition in online sales is getting tighter, making online business people look for the right strategy to market their products, such as in the TikTok strategy application so that consumers are easy to make a purchasing decision, namely with its latest feature, namely live streaming, which can be seen from direct marketing and trust. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of direct marketing on purchasing decisions with trust as a moderating variable in an Islamic business perspective. This research uses quantitative methods. Data collection techniques in literature review, questionnaires and Likert scales. The population used in this study is generation z in Bandar Lampung City. Sampling in this study using purposive sampling technique. The number of samples used, determined by the formula according to Widianto, amounted to 97 respondents. The data analysis method uses Partial Last Scructural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) and data processing using smartPLS software. The results of this study indicate that there is a positive and significant influence between direct marketing on purchasing decisions. And trust does not moderate the relationship between direct marketing and purchasing decisions. In the perspective of Islamic business direct marketing on purchasing decisions on live streaming tiktok has implemented the principles of Islamic business ethics, including unity, balance, free will, responsibility, and benevolence so that it is something that Muslim business people need to pay attention to.

In Indonesia, education cannot be separated from human life. One way to obtain knowledge is the teaching and learning process in schools and this is the implementation of education. To implement the materials or teaching materials used in schools requires something that covers it, namely the curriculum. In Indonesia, the curriculum changed a lot starting from 1947 until the independent curriculum. Hi, this is done to improve the previous curriculum and also to make the curriculum updated or keep up with the times. Likewise with the PPKN SD curriculum, which from the past until now has seen many good improvements. This is done so that good character values ​​remain and also makes Pancaila a way of life. This aims to face increasingly rapid changes in the times and enforce the law and comply with necessary regulations. applied since childhood. In this research, researchers used a literature study or literature review method. By utilizing this literature study, we succeeded in getting a comparison of PPKN learning in the 2013 curriculum with the independent curriculum.

The relationship between philosophy and Christianity is a complex subject that has been the focus of debate for centuries. Essentially, both philosophy and religion play important roles in shaping human thought and worldview. However, there are various views and approaches to the relationship between them. On one hand, there is a traditional view among some Christians who see philosophy as something potentially dubious or even threatening to faith. They may argue that Christianity is the primary source of truth, and therefore, efforts to understand reality through the lens of philosophy may lead to deviations from religious teachings. On the other hand, philosophers often question the compatibility between philosophical intellectualism and religious belief. They may emphasize the importance of using reason and rational methods to achieve a deeper understanding of the world and truth, which may not always align with religious dogmas.History records attempts to reconcile philosophy and Christianity. Some figures such as Justin Martyr and Clement of Alexandria sought to integrate ideas from classical Greek philosophy into the framework of Christian thought. They viewed philosophy as a useful tool for defending and explaining the truth of the Christian faith to skeptics or critical thinkers. However, not all Christians embraced this approach warmly. Some believe that such efforts could cause confusion or even undermine the authenticity of Christian teachings. This could lead to conflict between those who adhere to the traditional approach and those who are more open to dialogue between philosophy and religion. Nevertheless, the debate between philosophy and Christianity continues to this day. Despite tensions between them, this interaction has also enriched our understanding of both fields. Through continuous dialogue and reflection, we can gain deeper insights into the origins, meanings, and relevance of Christian teachings in the context of the modern world.    

This research aims to find out extracurricular activities in dance In Increasing Student Interest at SMK Negeri 1 Kuok. The theory that researchers use is extracurricular theory. According to Suryosubroto (2013:287) extracurricular activities are additional activities outside the program structure carried out outside normal class hours in order to enrich and expand students' knowledge and abilities, and interest theory. The definition of interest is also mentioned according to Hidayat (2013 in Pratiwi 2015), is something that originates from feelings in the form of a tendency towards something, giving rise to certain actions or activities. The method used in this research is descriptive analysis, with a qualitative approach. The data collection techniques used in this research are observation, interview and documentation data collection techniques. The results of this research conclude that in extracurricular activities students get more material and time to learn dance. In extracurricular activities, students receive material that is different from the learning they receive in class. Therefore, extracurricular activities play a very important role in increasing students' interest in dance. These activities can increase insight or knowledge in the arts, especially dance. Students' interest in dance extracurricular activities at SMK Negeri 1 Kuok can be seen from the evaluation results of the 15 samples in this study, including all those who took part in dance extracurricular activities expressed interest.

This research is based on looking at the ethics of adolescent communication with older people, where communication as a process of exchanging messages from communicators to communicants requires ethics as something that is used as a view and guideline to measure the good and bad deeds according to a habit in society. Communication ethics can be seen from the form of ethics starting a conversation, face-to-face communication and communication techniques used. This type of research is using descriptive qualitative research methods that describe what is about an event. In this study, the author describes the ethical use of adolescent communication focused on older people in Dusun III Padang Sari Jorong Limau Puruik, Kinali District, West Pasaman Regency. In collecting data, the authors used observation, interview and documentation techniques with informants related to the application of communication ethics between adolescents and older people in Dusun III Padang Sari.The results of the study were the use of adolescent communication ethics in hamlet III Padang Sari Jorong Limau Puruik, Kinali District, West Pasaman Regency which focused on communication ethics with older people, consisting of communication ethics in starting conversations, teenagers rarely saw the condition of the prospective interlocutor, second, friendly teenagers. and polite to the interlocutor depending on the level of familiarity, third, listening, teenagers are not good at listening especially when given advice. While the ethics of face-to- face communication, first, stay with the other person, teenagers tend to not focus and glance left and right, second, keep the intonation and speed of speech, teenagers use high intonation, the three teenagers often ask questions in the form of asking how they are. The communication technique used by adolescents when communicating with older people is to confirm when they feel they have misunderstood and pay less attention to non-verbal communication well, such as not bowing when walking in front of older people    

The verses of the Koran themselves contain absolute and final truth as when the book was revealed, while the truth of the interpretation of the text of the Koran is relative, so that the meanings of these verses can continue to be reproduced and developed according to the development of civilization and human needs themselves. Using library research methods, this research seeks to examine the function and meaning of the verses constructed from the form (ṣigah) fi'il 'alā Wazni Af'ala in Surah Al Mukminun. Based on the research results, several things can be concluded, First; 59 words or 59 places were found, both of isim and fi'il types whose word structure came from wazan af'ala. Second ; Of the 59 words originating from the wazan af'ala structure in Surah Al Mu'minun, it was found that 0.53% (32 words) contained the Lī Al Ta'diyyah function. Of the remainder, 2 words contain the meaning function للدخول في الشّيء (entering into something), 8 words contain the function لوجود مااشْتَقَّ منه الفعلُ في الفاعل (appearance origin of fi'il in fā'il), the next 4 words contain the function للمُبالَغَة (exaggerating the meaning of fi'il ), 2 words contain the function لوِجْدانِ الشيءِ في صِفةٍ (find something in nature), 6 words contain the function للصَّيْرُورة (change into), 3 words contain the function للتَّعْريْ ض (show off), 1 word contains the function للحَيْنونَة (arriving time), and 1 word contains للسَّلْب (withdraw or remove) function.  

Physiological and morphological changes are something that the elderly will experience due to changes in the musculoskeletal system. Degenerative conditions in the elderly include the emergence of Musculoskeletal Disorder (DMD), one of the DMDs in the elderly is shoulder pain or frozen shoulder. The role of physiotherapy in this case can include promotive, rehabilitative, curative and preventive. Physiotherapy can play a role in providing interventions in the form of modalities or exercise therapy. The method uses counseling using leaflets and lectures as well as demonstrations regarding shoulder pain in the Mojosongo compassionate elderly postal service. The evaluation is carried out by pre-test and post-test filling out a questionnaire containing 10 questions. The aim of this counseling is to increase the knowledge and understanding of elderly people regarding the meaning, signs and symptoms, treatment and exercises that can be done at home regarding shoulder pain. The results obtained were an increase in understanding regarding shoulder pain which was seen from the evaluation results, there was a significant improvement.

Students are not only required to be able to memorize but also have to understand and be interested, because if children are interested in the lesson they will naturally find out what they don't know. For this reason, learning using the learning while playing method is implemented so that it can motivate students in learning to become more creative individuals and also active in thinking and solving problems. Tutoring plays a very important role in children's learning development, because what children get is not only from school, with tutoring it can help children's difficulties while at school. Non-formal education is expected to increase students' interest or interest in learning. In non-formal education, students are invited to learn using different methods to formal education in general, non-formal education is more relaxed and fun by introducing something new or interesting things that they don't understand, different from formal education, learning is more fun by playing games. on the sidelines of learning when the child seems to be getting bored with learning.

Education is something that is very important and needed by every individual which can have a positive influence on a person's growth and development. Education is usually provided through the learning process at school. Learning is a process of interaction between teachers and students in forming the students' own character which involves cognitive, affective and psychomotor aspects. The success of the learning process can be seen from the learning outcomes obtained by students. The problem of low student learning outcomes became the attention of researchers in carrying out this research. The STAD learning model is an alternative solution in this research in order to improve student learning outcomes. So, the aim of this research is to improve student learning outcomes in dance subjects through the STAD model in class VIII A of SMP Negeri 34 Kerinci. The research method used in this research is classroom action research (PTK). The data collection technique used is a written test to determine student learning outcomes. The results of this research indicate that the STAD learning model can improve student learning outcomes. This is shown by the average student learning outcomes which were initially only 45.7, increasing to 92.8 after implementing the STAD model.

The importance of mastering English for students is something that needs to be considered, both by teaching staff and students themselves. This is because the ever-growing advances in science and technology require individuals to be able to master English language skills. This Community Service activity aims to provide training so that students can increase learning motivation, self-confidence, hone skills, increase knowledge and improve integrated abilities in English. Activities were carried out at the Muhammadiyah University of Jambi. This activity is aimed at students who are interested and want to improve their English language skills as many as 23 students. This English training received a positive response from students. It can also be concluded that this activity was successful and successful. This can be seen from changes in students' behavior and attitudes in dealing with English. Students begin to be confident and attractive in communicating using English.

According to the World Health Organization (WHO, 2006) waste is something that is not used, not used, not liked or something that is discarded that comes from human activities and does not occur by itself. The issue of waste in Ambon City has become a serious problem, because the volume of waste generated in Ambon City is 220 tons per day. Meanwhile, the waste transportation capacity that can be carried out by janitors is only 160 tons per day. This limited transport capacity will greatly affect the system and capacity of conventional waste management at the Integrated Waste Management Installation (IPST) in the Toisapu Ambon area. This study aims to determine the description of knowledge, attitudes, and community actions related to household waste management in the Kayu Tiga Cekdam Area, Sirimau District, Ambon City. The type of research used was descriptive survey, the population was 77 households (head of family), the sample was 77 households, the sample was taken using total sampling technique. Direct data collection, instrument The research used is a questionnaire, the data is processed manually and assisted by a computer, and the data obtained is presented in text and table form. The results of the study can be seen that the highest knowledge variable 33 (62%) is categorized as good, the highest attitude variable 27 (51%) is categorized as not good and the highest action variable 33 (62%) is categorized as not good. Based on the results of research conducted in the Kayu Tiga Cekdam Area, Sirimau District, Ambon City, it can be concluded that the knowledge behavior of 33 households (62%) is in the good category, the attitude behavior of 27 households (51%) is in the bad category and the action behavior of 33 households (62%) is in the bad category.

This paper aims to describe the sexual behavior of the five female characters in Cantik itu Luka by Eka Kurniawan using a psychoanalytic approach. These five female characters are related by blood, but have different sexual behaviors. Psychoanalysis brought this research to see the text in literary works as manifest texts, then the ideology of the author that is disguised and displayed in literary works is called latent text. Thus, this paper is expected to be able to present something that belongs to the subtext. Oedipus complex, narcissism, castration, dreams, fantasticism, and mythology greatly influence the sexuality behavior of these five figures.