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Based on the Man 2 Tapanuli Tengah researchers' observations, it was shown that teaching at Aqidah Akhlak was constrained by students' low motivation to learn. The purpose of this study is to elucidate the causes of students' low motivation to learn Akida Aflaq. The reasons for the low learning motivation of Akida-Aklak students are that teachers still use traditional models, students get bored quickly because teachers do not use media effectively in learning, and students do not participate actively in learning because they do not have the courage to discuss or express their opinions during learning. Various learning models and methods, such as the Student Times Achievement Division learning model, can be applied to these problems to motivate students to learn. This study is an experimental study aimed at checking some things and confirming their results in order to test something. Data collection techniques can also be measured using questionnaires, validity tests, reliability tests, etc. Therefore, the obtained research results show that the learning model is not correctly applied by the teachers when learning, so that the students with Akida-Aklak have low learning motivation, get bored easily, and lack the courage to discuss and express their opinions during learning. To overcome this problem, it is very important to pay attention to the models and media used for learning so that teachers can adequately achieve the learning objectives.

This research was conducted as a response to students' low interest in learning in English subjects at Al Amin Islamic Middle School, North Cikarang, Bekasi Regency. Several factors that cause this low interest include the lack of attractiveness of the material, monotonous teaching methods, and the lack of connection between English language material and students' daily lives. The impact is a decrease in students' interest in these subjects, which can affect their interest in learning. In an effort to increase students' interest in learning, the Problem Based Learning (PBL) learning model is used, where the teacher gives students ample opportunities to determine problem topics that are relevant to the learning material, even though the teacher has prepared the material that will be discussed in the lesson. The learning process is focused on students' abilities to solve problems systematically and logistically. This research uses a qualitative approach with descriptive methods. Through observation, interviews and documentation, the research results show that the application of the PBL learning model at Al Amin Islamic Middle School, North Cikarang, Bekasi Regency can increase students' interest in learning. English teachers who use the PBL model get good responses from students, where students are active in the teaching and learning process, ask questions actively, and are able to answer questions well and appropriately during discussions. The PBL learning model also encourages students to be more diligent in doing their assignments and provides high motivation to learn. Students find it easier to solve problems and are able to apply the knowledge they have.

The need for learning focuses on maximizing students' potential in facing today's global challenges. For this reason, a learning model that is in accordance with the demands is needed, one of which is to use the Problem Based Learning model and CTL-based teaching materials. The purpose of this study is to determine the increase in learning motivation and cognitive learning outcomes of students. This research is classroom action research. The subjects of this study were class X.1 students with a total of 36 students. While the object of this study is the motivation and cognitive learning outcomes of students after participating in learning by applying PBL learning models and CTL-based teaching materials. This type of research is Classroom Action Research (PTK) with a qualitative approach to students. The results showed that student motivation in Cycle 2 increased compared to Cycle 1, which was shown by the average value of Cycle 2 of 88.19% (very good), higher than Cycle 1 only reaching 77.07% (good). Likewise, the cognitive results of cycle 2 students also increased by 91.66% and cycle 1 by 83.33%.

The background of this research is that the learning process of the Aqidah Akhlak still tends to be passive, lack of motivation, interest in student learning, the mindset of students who are less open during the learning process, lack of student activity, students are less critical in the learning process, while the problems raised when learning begins are problems that are often encountered in everyday life. This study aims to determine whether there is an effect of using the Problem Based Learning (PBL) learning model on learning outcomes in the Aqidah Akhlak subject at MAN Kota Pariaman. This research is a quantitative research type of Quasi Experimental Design, the subject of this research is students of class XI IPS1 and XI IPS2 at MAN Kota Pariaman with a total sample of 59 students. The research sample is class XI IPS1 as the experimental class with the Problem Based Learning learning model, class XI IPS 2 as the control class using conventional methods. The sampling technique is the total sampling technique, which means that the sample taken is the same as the population. and with a research design of the type "The only posttest control group design". Based on the research results, it was found that there were significant differences in student learning outcomes between the application of the Problem Based Learning learning model and conventional learning models in the Akidah Akhlak subject. This can be seen from the posttest results of both classes. From the test results, it is illustrated that the average difference in the learning outcomes of students in the experimental class and the control class is illustrated. By implementing the Problem Based Learning learning model, it is high compared to the scores of students who do not use the Problem Based Learning learning model in the Learning control class on learning outcomes in the Aqidah Akhlak subject at MAN Kota Pariaman.

This research aims: (1) students' mathematical reasoning ability using the Discovery Learning learning model is higher than students' mathematical reasoning ability using conventional learning models in class VII MTs Yaspi Labuhan Deli, (2) the process of solving answers made by students in solving problems in the Discovery Learning learning model and Conventional learning model. This type of research is quantitative research with Quasi-Experimental methods. This research was conducted at MTs Yaspi Labuhan Deli. The sampling technique in this study uses Purposive Sampling techniques, namely class VII-A as a class taught with a Discovery Learning learning model and class VII-B as a class taught with a conventional learning model. The data collection instrument used was in the form of observation sheets and student mathematical reasoning ability test sheets in the form of 3 essay questions. Data analysis in this study used t-Test with Independent Sample t-Test technique with the help of SPSS 20 program. The results of this study showed that the average score of classes taught using the discovery learning model was 78,01 and classes taught using conventional learning models were 72,22. For hypothesis testing carried out using a t-test, from the calculation results obtained a value of  (2.664) >  (1.66757) with a Sig.2-tailed level of 0.010 < 0.05, which means that  rejected and  was accepted, so that it is concluded that there is a significant difference in the average mathematical reasoning ability of students using the Discovery Learning learning model and the Conventional learning model. Based on the analysis of the process of completing students' answers to the mathematical reasoning ability test that get Discovery Learning learning is better than students who get conventional learning.

In the era of education that continues to develop, learning models have become the focus of attention for educators. One learning model that has received widespread attention is Project Based Learning (PjBL). The aim of this research is to determine the effect of implementing the Project Based Learning (PjBL) learning model to increase student creativity so that they can solve problems in working on a project. Creativity not only allows students to solve a problem, but also has an impact on their mindset. This research was conducted using the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method. The results obtained from this research are that there is an increase in students' creative thinking abilities before and after implementing the Project Based Learning (PjBL) model during learning.

This study aims to determine whether there is an influence of the problem-based learning model (PBL) with a STEM approach on the mathematical problem solving ability of grade VIII students of SMP Negeri 17 Medan. This research was conducted at SMP N 17 Medan T.A 2023/2024. The research method used is a quasi-experimental method. The sample of this study consisted of two classes, namely class VIII-3 as an experimental class taught with a PBL model with a STEM approach and class VIII-4 as a control class taught with conventional models. Based on descriptive statistics and categorization of research results, it was found that the mathematical problem solving ability of experimental class students was 67,74% of students in the high category, 32.26% of other students in the medium category, and no students in the low category. Meanwhile, in the control class, 15,63% of students were in the high level of problem solving ability, 53,13% were in the medium level and 31,24% of students were in the category low category. Thus it can be seen that the mathematical problem solving ability of grade students taught with PBL with a STEM approach is better than conventional learning models. Furthermore, with inferential statistical analysis for the t test, calculated t value = 2,42 and ttable = 1,999623, thus t calculated > t table means that the problem-solving ability of students taught with PBL with a STEM approach is not the same as students who use the learning  conventional model. With further analysis, Fcalculated = 5,6847 and F table = 3,998494482, then  calculated F > F table so it can be concluded that problem-based learning models with a STEM approach have a significant effect on students' mathematical problem solving abilities.

This research aims: (1) the mathematical communication abilities of students using the think-talk-write (TTW) cooperative learning model are higher than the mathematical communication abilities of students using conventional learning models in class VIII SMP Negeri 19 Medan, (2) the process of completing answers is created by students in solving problems in the think-talk-write (TTW) cooperative learning model and conventional learning models. This type of research is quantitative research with a Quasi Experimental method. This research was conducted at SMP Negeri 19 Medan. The sampling technique in this research used the Purposive Sampling technique, namely class VIII-5 as a class taught using the think-talk-write type cooperative learning model and class VIII-6 as a class taught with a conventional learning model. The data collection instruments were an observation sheet and a test sheet for students' mathematical communication skills in the form of 4 essay questions. Data analysis in this study used a t-Test with the Independent sample t-Test technique with the help of the SPSS 22 program. The results of the research showed that the average score for the class taught using the think-talk-write cooperative learning model was 80.1 and the class taught with a conventional learning model of 74.6. Hypothesis testing was carried out using the t-test, from the calculation results it was obtained that tcount was 2.501 and ttable 1.67469, the significance level was 0.016<0.05, then H0 was rejected and Ha was accepted, so it was concluded that students' mathematical communication skills used the cooperative learning model type. think-talk-write is higher than students' mathematical communication skills using conventional learning models. Based on the analysis of the process of students' answers to the mathematical communication skills test, students who received think-talk-write cooperative learning were better than students who received conventional learning.

In the era of revolution 4.0, education does not only require intellectual abilities, but critical thinking, creative, communicative and collaboration skills. The problem with Civics learning is that it still prioritizes cognitive aspects, it has not been able to realize the goal of creating critical and responsible students. There needs to be innovation in Civics learning that combines problem-based learning models through games and is integrated with the use of technology in elementary schools. This research aims to find out the influence of problem based learning implemented through the QR code-assisted treasure hunt game on Civics learning. The research method used is descriptive qualitative. The analysis technique used is an interactive analysis model consisting of data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions or verification. The results of data analysis are presented in the form of descriptions supported by observations, interviews and literature studies. The results of the analysis and discussion can be concluded that critical thinking skills emerge in Civics learning using the PBL treasure hunt and QR code models. Critical thinking skills are demonstrated by the emergence of the following indicators: providing simple explanations, building basic skills, concluding, making further explanations, strategies and tactics. It is hoped that the results of this study can become a reference, especially in the field of education, to create a superior and characterful next generation.