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This research examines the impact of globalization on non-traditional security in Indonesia. Using a literature study approach, the research collects secondary data from various sources, including scientific journals, government reports, and publications from international institutions. Globalization has introduced several new challenges to Indonesia's non-traditional security, such as terrorism, transnational crime, environmental degradation, food and energy security, and cyber threats. This study explores different dimensions of non-traditional security risks, evaluates the effectiveness of current policy responses, and identifies potential strategies to strengthen Indonesia's national resilience in addressing contemporary security challenges. The research finds that globalization accelerates cross-border mobility, enhances extremist groups' access to the internet, and intensifies environmental damage. In response, the Indonesian government has implemented measures such as strengthening anti-terrorism laws, promoting deradicalization programs, enhancing border controls, fostering ASEAN regional cooperation, imposing a moratorium on land clearing, and supporting the REDD+ program. However, challenges remain, including limited resources, coordination issues between institutions, and low levels of digital literacy among the public, which hinder progress in improving non-traditional security in Indonesia.

This research examines the strategies implemented by the Batam City Government in improving illegal urban settlements, with a focus on informal housing areas. The rapid urbanization and migration to Batam have led to the development of informal settlements, which often lack proper infrastructure, housing quality, and access to basic services. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of government programs aimed at improving these areas, particularly through initiatives focused on housing quality enhancement and urban planning. Through a case study approach, the research explores policy frameworks, stakeholder involvement, and community participation in the improvement process. The findings highlight key challenges and opportunities in addressing informal settlements, providing recommendations for better integration of these areas into the formal urban fabric. Ultimately, the research seeks to contribute to the understanding of sustainable urban development strategies for cities facing similar issues of informal settlement growth.

Article 21 Income Tax Income Tax is one of the tax obligations that must be applied in companies. Many Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) have not applied proper tax treatment in running their business. This activity aims to provide accurate information to Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs), especially for Income Tax Article 21. The implementation of this community service activity is carried out using an interactive discussion approach. Therefore, ITB Ahmad Dahlan Lamongan D3 Tax Study Program implemented a Community Service program (PKM) with the activity title "Article 21 Income Tax Training for MSMEs in Lamongan". After this training, MSME actors can implement a self-assessment system, especially PPh Article 21 at the company.

This study evaluates the efficacy of Smart Governance implementation in enhancing public services in Batam City. Smart governance, a principal facet of the smart city paradigm, seeks to enhance efficiency, transparency, responsiveness, and accountability by the utilisation of information technology. Batam City, strategically positioned as an economic and trade hub, is dedicated to implementing smart governance concepts to enhance the quality of its public services. This research employs a descriptive methodology with qualitative analysis to assess the strategic measures implemented, including the digitalisation of public services, transparency and budget management, integrated data management, and enhanced community participation.The findings indicate that the adoption of smart governance in Batam has effectively enhanced administrative efficiency and transparency in public services. Nonetheless, difficulties such as the digital infrastructure deficit in remote regions and insufficient digital literacy within the population remain significant impediments. This research recommends enhancing digital infrastructure, creating more user-friendly applications, and implementing digital literacy training programs for the community.  With an appropriate strategy, Batam City may persist in advancing Smart Governance as a sustainable smart city paradigm.

This community service program aims to empower Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) through business development based on the sharia economy. MSMEs have a strategic role in the economy, but still face various challenges, especially in the application of sharia economic principles that can increase competitiveness and the desire to do business. This program is designed to improve Islamic financial literacy, introduce business contracts in accordance with sharia, and provide halal digital marketing training. The method of implementing the activity includes a participatory approach with various stages, ranging from problem identification, training, mentoring, to success evaluation. The target of the program is MSME actors in certain regions who have great potential to adopt the concept of sharia economics in their businesses. The results of this activity showed an increase in participants' understanding of the concept of sharia economics, followed by changes in business practices that are more in line with Islamic principles. Some participants began to implement sharia contracts in their transactions, access sharia financing, and take advantage of halal branding-based digital marketing. This program also found several obstacles, such as low initial understanding of the sharia economy, limited access to Islamic financial institutions, and resistance to changes in the business system. However, through intensive strategy education and support from various parties, most of these challenges can be overcome. The conclusion of this activity is that business development based on the sharia economy can be a solution for MSMEs in increasing their competitiveness in the wider market. The next program recommendations include strengthening digital-based education, increasing access to sharia capital, and establishing a sharia-based MSME community as a forum for collaboration and sustainable business development.

System dynamic models have been recognized as an effective approach in projecting and designing sustainable urban waste management systems. This study aims to explore the potential of system dynamic modeling in urban waste management. This study uses a literature study method with a qualitative descriptive approach that refers to various relevant previous studies. The results of the literature study show that the system dynamic model is able to map the complex relationships between variables in the waste management system, such as population growth, waste production, waste processing capacity, environmental impacts, and others. In addition, the system dynamic model can project future waste management conditions and prepare the most effective policy scenarios. Through simulations of various policy scenarios, the system dynamic model can provide insight into the impact of each scenario, both in terms of technical efficiency, operational costs, and reduction of waste generation in landfills. In implementing policy scenarios, collaboration between the government, community, and stakeholders is also needed in optimizing waste management programs.

The rise of mass surveillance technologies has raised significant concerns regarding digital privacy and human rights. This paper explores the legal implications of government surveillance programs and their impact on fundamental rights, such as freedom of expression and the right to privacy. Through a comparative analysis of data protection laws in different jurisdictions, this study assesses the balance between national security and individual rights in the digital age.

This research aims to analyze the implementation of legal protection for citizenship rights of former transnational terrorist Indonesian citizens within Indonesia's legal system. Using normative juridical method with statutory and conceptual approaches, this study examines secondary data from primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. The results show that Indonesia's legal system has an adequate legal framework to protect the citizenship rights of former transnational terrorists, although its implementation faces various challenges. The deradicalization program and status verification mechanism implemented by the government have not been fully effective due to inter-institutional coordination constraints and community resistance. Additionally, the study identifies that citizenship status cannot be automatically revoked without proper legal process according to Law No. 12 of 2006 on Citizenship, as terrorist groups cannot be categorized as "foreign military" as specified in the law. This research contributes significantly to the development of returnee handling policies by balancing aspects of national security and human rights protection.

This study examines the impact of Sri Mulyani’s inclusive leadership on human resource development (HRD) in the Indonesian Ministry of Finance, with a focus on gender equality policies and employee capacity-building programs. Using a literature review method, this research analyzes relevant studies on inclusive leadership and its application in the public sector. The findings indicate that Sri Mulyani’s inclusive leadership, which emphasizes openness, accessibility, and equality, has successfully increased women's participation in leadership positions and fostered a more collaborative work environment. The gender equality policies implemented have not only increased the number of women in strategic positions but also strengthened overall organizational performance. Additionally, capacity-building programsdesigned to enhance technical and managerial skills have proven effective in improving productivity and innovationwithin the Ministry of Finance. This study concludes that Sri Mulyani’s inclusive leadership can serve as a model for other public sector organizations, both in Indonesia and internationally, to promote gender equality and enhance organizational performance through inclusive HR development.

This activity aims to increase the capacity and competence of the Polling Station Supervisory Committee (PTPS) in Ranteangin District, North Kolaka Regency. PTPS plays an important role in ensuring the implementation of honest, fair, and transparent elections. However, limited understanding of election regulations and procedures is a challenge in carrying out supervisory duties. The method used in this program is debriefing, which includes providing structured material regarding election regulations, supervision techniques, handling violations, and reporting procedures. The debriefing was attended by 10 participants from all villages/sub-districts in Ranteangin District. The results of the evaluation showed a significant increase in the participants' understanding and skills related to their duties and responsibilities as PTPS. This program is expected to strengthen the role of PTPS in maintaining the integrity of the electoral process and supporting the realization of quality democracy at the local level

Mathematics anxiety can reduce students' ability to understand and solve mathematical problems, thus affecting their overall attitude towards mathematics. Mathematics anxiety, a psychological factor that can affect students' learning achievement in mathematics learning in high school, makes it the most challenging subject in school. This study aimed to identify the effect of mathematics anxiety on students' learning achievement at the high school level and to analyze strategic factors that can help reduce mathematics anxiety for students. This study used a quantitative method with an ex post facto research type with a correlational design. The population was grade X high school students in South Tangerang, with a sample size of 84. The side technique used cluster random sampling. Data collection used an instrument in the form of a mathematics anxiety and learning achievement questionnaire. Data analysis was carried out through partial correlation and multiple correlation with a significance level of 0.05, and the prerequisite test analysis used normality, linearity, and multicollinearity tests. The results showed that mathematics anxiety influenced by self-efficacy factors, classroom climate, and academic support from parents and peers significantly affected students' learning achievement in high school. Schools can facilitate a more conducive learning environment to minimize mathematics anxiety and improve learning outcomes. Implementing a learning program that is psychologically responsive and adaptive to students' needs is expected to improve students' mathematics achievement significantly..  

The background in this research was that the use of Operational Assistance Funds program must be taken into consideration for accountable and transparent financial governance. The research aimed to determine the accountability and transparency of the management of health operational assistance funds at the Watubaing Public Healt Center in Talibura subdistrict, Sikka regency. The research method employed descriptive qualitative while the analysis tool was carried out through data collection using observation, interview, and documentation techniques. The research findings indicated that the implementation of accountability and transparency principles had been well implemented, as seen from the reporting mechanism according to the Operational Assistance Funds Technical Guidelines. The principle of transparency was quite open which can be seen from the initial planning openness of MINILOK and POA drafting system which involves all staff at the Watubaing Health Center and the cross-sector community.

The MBKM (Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka) program is mandatory for every student at the Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Katolik Widya Mandira Kupang. The program aims to share new knowledge and provide direct experience through field activities that can enhance the competence of prospective teachers. One of the MBKM activities outside the classroom is choir training. The community service is conducted through assisting choir practice for students of SMPK St. Theresia Kupang at the Catholic Church of Santo Fransiskus Aisi BTN Kolhua, located at JL. Fetor Funay No. 8, Kolhua, Maulafa Subdistrict, Kupang City, East Nusa Tenggara. Choir training is a form of musical art that requires good teamwork and coordination among members to achieve perfect harmony. This article aims to explore effective methods in choir training, with the church as the venue for the students’ activities to fulfill the KKN or MBKM program based on extracurricular activities to enhance vocal quality and harmony. This research was conducted through observation, interviews with the choir trainer, and active participation in training sessions, focusing on Vocal techniques (Pitch, Phrasing, Harmonization, Articulation, and Intonation) and Expression (Tempo, Dynamics, Interpretation, Rhythm, and Resonance). The results of the study show that vocal warm-ups, clear voice division, and regular evaluations play a crucial role in the success of choir practice. By applying these methods, the choir group was able to achieve better musical quality. Additionally, this program successfully fostered social responsibility and teamwork. In conclusion, this extracurricular activity positively impacts the development of vocal skills and social awareness within the learning environment.

Tenggayun Village has great potential for the development of MSMEs (Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises), but many business owners have not yet utilized digital technology for marketing. This program aims to enhance the creativity of MSME actors through education and training in digital marketing. The training covers how to use digital platforms, manage social media accounts, and e-commerce. After completing the program, participants showed improved knowledge and skills in creating engaging content and leveraging online marketing to increase sales. As a result, many MSME owners were able to reach new customers and boost their revenue. The program also encourages creativity in product development, leading to more innovative products. Additionally, a community was formed among MSME actors who supported one another. The program increased public awareness of the importance of purchasing local products, strengthening the market for MSME products. Moving forward, the service team plans to conduct regular monitoring to ensure the sustainability of digital marketing practices. Overall, this program has had a positive impact on the local economy, strengthening the competitiveness of MSMEs in Tenggayun Village.

Hypertension and diabetes mellitus, which many elderly suffer from, are a significant problem in Indonesia because they pose a risk of serious complications and even death. At the Olak Kemang Community Health Center, the incidence of hypertension and diabetes mellitus in the elderly has increased. However, the scope of elderly people's active participation in various hypertension and diabetes mellitus management programs is still low. Based on the results of the team's research and initial observations, it is known that the main cause of this problem is a lack of family support and limited knowledge about the efforts that families must make in managing illnesses in the elderly. This situation indicates weak family functioning which has an impact on health. This community service activity aims to strengthen family functions and self-care behavior for elderly people with hypertension and diabetes mellitus in the work area of the Olak Kemang Community Health Center through the implementation of Posdaya (Family Empowerment Post). Posdaya activities include counseling about family functions, developing family skills to manage hypertension and diabetes mellitus in the elderly, as well as assisting families to be able to access various application-based health services for the elderly and families. The activity was attended by 20 elderly people and their families. The results of the activity showed that 80% of participants experienced increased knowledge. In addition, participants provided statements of attitude to improve family function and implement self-care behavior for elderly people with hypertension and diabetes mellitus.

Performance management is a strategy to improve individual and team performance through a structured evaluation process. This study aims to analyze the application of the Baron and Armstrong performance management model at the Regional Technical Implementation Unit (UPTD) for the Protection of Women and Children (PPA) in Tanjungpinang, Riau Islands. Baron and Armstrong's model includes a cycle of vision and mission, goal setting, planning, development, and feedback. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, data were obtained through interviews, documentation and observation, using purposive sampling techniques to select relevant resource persons. Data analysis was done thematically through the stages of reduction, presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results showed that the implementation of this model has strengths in building a systematic workflow, but also faces challenges related to limited resources. This research provides recommendations for additional programs that can improve the effectiveness of women and child protection services. The findings contribute to the development of performance management strategies in similar institutions.

The notary profession in Indonesia is experiencing a critical transformation driven by technological advancements, changing legal landscapes, and the imperative of modernization. This research comprehensively examines the current regulatory framework governing notaries, analyzing the multifaceted challenges and potential opportunities for substantive reform in the contemporary legal ecosystem.The study employs a mixed-method approach, integrating qualitative legal analysis, comparative research, and empirical investigation to provide a holistic understanding of the notary profession's evolving role. Through in-depth examination of existing regulations, stakeholder interviews, and comparative international perspectives, the research identifies key systemic barriers and innovative pathways for professional development.Critical findings reveal significant challenges, including technological adaptation gaps, regulatory inflexibility, and inconsistent professional standards. The research highlights the urgent need for a dynamic regulatory approach that balances traditional legal principles with emerging digital authentication technologies. Key opportunities emerge in areas such as blockchain-based document verification, comprehensive digital skills training, and adaptive professional development frameworks.The study proposes a comprehensive reformation strategy encompassing technological infrastructure development, professional skills enhancement, and regulatory modernization. Recommendations include establishing dedicated innovation units, implementing mandatory technology training programs, and creating flexible regulatory mechanisms that can rapidly respond to technological and professional landscape changes. By providing a nuanced analysis of the notary profession's current state and future potential, this research contributes critical insights to the discourse on legal professional modernization in Indonesia. The findings underscore the essential role of strategic, forward-looking reforms in ensuring the continued relevance, effectiveness, and integrity of notarial services in the digital era.

This latah trend phenomenon is inseparable from the development of the television entertainment world in comedy shows in Indonesia, which considers the disorder of latah speech to be something funny among the younger generation. So, students consider someone who is latah in class to be something that is considered funny. This study aimed to identify the echopraxia latah speech disorder in elementary school teacher education students with a psycholinguistic approach. This research method uses the Milles and Huberman model content analysis method with data collection techniques conducting observations, interviews, and documentation on students of the Elementary School Teacher Education Study Program at Esa Unggul University. The study results from three students who experienced echopraxia latah disorders. The sounds produced were categorized as moderate and caused noise during the learning process in class. This is because the noise created in the classroom is not from the latah utterances issued but because of the response of the classroom environment, which makes it noisy because someone who experiences echopraxia latah disorders does not only repeat their words but is followed by latah movements that are spoken. The causes of echopraxia latah disorders include spontaneity, daydreaming, being surprised when talking and being surprised from behind.

The National Educational Technology Talent Survey (NETTS) addresses the gap between Educational Technology graduates and private sector job opportunities in Indonesia. By connecting students, alumni, and industry practitioners, NETTS fosters professional readiness and promotes the recognition of Educational Technology in diverse fields. Using a research and development framework, NETTS developed activities including job market surveys, webinars, and training workshops to enhance graduate competencies. Findings indicate a lack of awareness among students regarding industry roles, despite existing market demand. Positive feedback from alumni and participants highlights NETTS’ potential to create a sustainable ecosystem for collaboration and knowledge exchange. Future initiatives should focus on expanding partnerships with industry stakeholders and student associations to maximize program impact.

This study explores the complex relationship between globalization, local languages, and the preservation of traditional cultures. As globalization accelerates, the dominance of major world languages poses significant challenges to the vitality of local languages, often leading to their decline or extinction. This research employs a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative data on language usage trends with qualitative interviews from community leaders, linguists, and cultural practitioners. The findings indicate that while globalization facilitates cultural exchange and access to information, it simultaneously threatens linguistic diversity and traditional cultural practices. The study highlights case studies from various regions, illustrating how local communities respond to these challenges through revitalization efforts, language education programs, and cultural initiatives aimed at preserving their heritage. Additionally, the research discusses the role of technology and social media in both promoting and endangering local languages. Ultimately, this study emphasizes the need for a balanced approach that embraces the benefits of globalization while actively safeguarding local languages and traditional cultures, advocating for policies that support linguistic diversity and cultural preservation in an increasingly interconnected world.