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This study aims to determine what types of traditional accessories are worn by Batak Toba brides and grooms during weddings and pre-weddings and to determine the aesthetic value and symbolic meaning of each accessory. This study uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. The techniques used in data collection are library studies, observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis is carried out by data tabulation, data triangulation, and data interpretation, as well as drawing conclusions. Based on the results of the study, the traditional accessories worn by Batak Toba brides have various types, and the form or style of use depends on the region. Each traditional accessory has an aesthetic value that can be seen from its physical form that can be sensed, such as its unique and attractive shape, color and shape. Each traditional Batak Toba accessory also contains a symbolic meaning that symbolizes prayer, and the hopes of the family and bride in starting a new life.

This study investigates the complexity of contextual meaning in political texts posted by public figures on the social media platform X (formerly Twitter). Grounded in Halliday and Hasan’s theory of situational context and Searle’s speech act theory, the research analyzes how political utterances function through locutionary, illocutionary, and perlocutionary acts. The data, drawn from tweets during the 2024 Indonesian presidential election period, were collected using documentation and structured observation methods. The findings indicate that political texts on X are highly layered, combining explicit facts with implicit criticism, ideological stance, and persuasive strategies. Through representative, expressive, and directive speech acts, public figures construct meaning that influences public perception, evokes emotional responses, and fosters political alignment. This study contributes to the understanding of digital political discourse by highlighting how pragmatic strategies shape the interpretation of meaning in online political communication.

This thesis is entitled “Analysis of Color Adjective Polysemy in Russian". The thesis contains research on polysemy analysis of several colors in the Russian language and explains the use of color adjectives polysemy meaning according to context in sentences. This study uses descriptive qualitative methods by taking primary data sources from the Russian-Indonesian dictionary by Victor Pogadaev (2010) and secondary data from ruscorpora.ru and udarenie.ru. The study was conducted by analyzing what meaning is contained in a color and what nouns can give rise to the meaning in question. The author uses the theories put forward by Russian linguists as a Research Foundation, including Valgina (2003), Rozental (2001), Novikov (2003), Bobrova (1993), Rozental’ et al (2010), Kobozeva (2000), dan Pulkina (1975). The purpose and results of this study will show that color adjectives in the Russian language have many meanings and the use of color polysemous meanings in a sentence.  

The ability to understand denotative and connotative meanings is important in supporting the development of students' literacy and critical thinking skills in elementary schools. However, in practice, students still have difficulty in distinguishing the two types of meanings, especially in the context of connotative sentences that are figurative and require contextual interpretation. This study aims to analyze the ability of sixth grade elementary school students to identify and understand denotative and connotative meanings through various forms of questions, namely multiple choice, fill-in-the-blank, and descriptive, with a qualitative approach using the case study method. The steps of the case study include determining the focus of the study, literature review, case selection, data collection, data processing, data analysis, negotiation of results, and conclusions. The subjects of the study consisted of five sixth grade elementary school students who were analyzed based on their answers to the instruments that had been prepared. The results of the study showed that students had a good basic understanding of denotative and connotative meanings in explicit form. However, they still had difficulty in interpreting connotative meanings contextually and figuratively. The novelty of this study lies in the use of a contextual learning approach that is relevant to students' social and cultural lives, which has been proven to improve students' ability to understand meaning reflectively and critically.  

Poetry is a form of literary expression that contains physical and mental elements that are interrelated in building deeper and more complex meanings. The problem studied in this study is the identification and analysis of the physical and mental elements contained in the poems of Heri Isnaini, which are known for their imaginative power and emotional depth. This research aims to examine how these elements contribute to the formation of the meaning and aesthetics of poetry, as well as how these poems are able to provide an aesthetic experience to the reader through the choice of words and distinctive language styles. The method used in this study is a literature study, with an approach to literary text analysis to understand the elements that form poetry, both in terms of language and the message conveyed. The results of the study show that the physical elements in these poems include the use of diction rich in imagery, metaphorical and personified majas, and rhyme patterns that strengthen emotional and aesthetic nuances in each stanza. Meanwhile, the inner element depicts universal themes, such as longing, loneliness, love, and reflection of life, which are meaningfully expressed through the use of symbols and implied meanings in each line of the poem.

This article discusses the lyrics of the song “Rasa Ini” by Vierratale as a representation of hidden feelings of love, emotional wounds, and doubts in relationships. Through a qualitative descriptive approach and Roland Barthes’ semiotic theory and Grice’s implicature theory, this article analyzes the figurative meaning in the song lyrics, especially the use of metaphor, symbolism, signs, connotation, denotation, and emotional narrative structures that emerge through a first-person perspective. The findings show that the lyrics of this song not only convey messages verbally, but also describe a strong inner mood through visualization of imagery, melody, musical nuances, and supporting poetic emotions. The presence of the background of the songwriter, Kevin Aprilio, also enriches the intertextual meaning that is manifested in the authenticity of emotions. This song is also a mirror of popular culture that reflects the dynamics of love in Indonesian society, especially love that is not conveyed directly, internalized in personal experiences, the psychology of the listener, and expressions of cultural identity.

Several titles of poems related to meditation by Heri Isnaini are exciting works to study, especially on the physical and inner elements of the poem. The inner elements are interrelated with the intrinsic elements contained in the poem, such as theme, feeling, tone, atmosphere, and the message to be conveyed. In contrast, the physical elements refer to the visual and auditory aspects of the poem, such as word choice, imagery, language style, typography, concrete language, and rhyme. This paper uses the literature study research method, namely by collecting data by reviewing books, as well as various reports related to the problem to be solved. This research aims to describe and examine the physical and mental elements, as well as understand the relationship between the two elements in building overall meaning in the poems “Meditation 1”, “Meditation 2”, “Time Meditation”, and “Rain Meditation” by Heri Isnaini. The results of this study show that the physical and mental elements in poetry have a complementary relationship in expressing a deep message, thus producing a complete meaning and touching emotionally and intellectually.

Poetry is a form of literary expression that contains physical and mental elements. Distance Poem 1, Distance 2, Pilgrimage Poem 1, and Pilgrimage Poem 2 by Heri Isnaini.   These four literary works are rich in physical and mental elements, and these two elements complement each other and build meaning. This research aims to analyze how the physical and mental elements in the poem form the meaning and aesthetics of literary works. and the physical elements studied include diction, imagery, language style, rhyme, and typography as an external form of poetry that builds a structure of beauty. Meanwhile, the inner elements analyzed include themes, feelings, tone, and mandates as the core meaning of the poem. The method used is the Literature Study method. Data was collected from written sources such as poetry theory books, scientific articles, and publications that discuss poetry and biographies of poets.  

The song "Hujan" is one of the songs popularized by the band Utopia, a band from Indonesia. The band Utopia is known as a pop-rock music genre and Utopia was formed in the 2000s and the song "Hujan" is a song released in 2007 which has strong vocals and a melancholic melody that makes it one of the musical works that is interpreted as an expression of feelings of sadness and longing that are hard to forget. In addition to its touching melody, the strength of the lyrics of this song also lies in the use of language style and figures of speech that enrich the meaning and emotions that are intended to be conveyed. Then the rain of Utopia itself describes the mood and feelings buried in sadness and silence accompanied by the falling rain. Through the lyrics, the singer expresses deep feelings for someone who has left, while reminiscing about the beautiful memories that once existed and this song describes how rain becomes a friend of loneliness and sadness and becomes a reminder of the unforgettable past

The research aims to describe the symbolic meaning and cultural values ​​in traditional ceremonies of the Abuy tribe, North Central Alor sub-district, West Lembur Village, Alor Regency. The Abuy traditional ceremony is the identity of West Lembur Village in general as a tourism process that must be preserved by the local community and is a tradition that still survives in the midst of modern progress like this. In this ceremony, there are various positions that are filled with symbolic meaning, such as a sarong woven cloth which has a moko motif which symbolizes the customs of marriage.  This research uses a qualitative descriptive approach. Data was collected through direct observation through interviews with traditional shops and local communities. The research results show that this ceremony not only functions as a religious and social rite, but also as a medium for cultural preservation that strengthens community identity. Values ​​such as togetherness, gratitude and spirituality contained in this ceremony play an important role in maintaining social harmony and establishing human relationships with nature. Preserving this ceremony is important to maintain cultural heritage which has relevance in modern social life.

Language is a communication tool in the form of a system of sound symbols produced from human speech. Changes in meaning in Indonesian can be classified into five as follows: widening meaning change, narrowing meaning change, refining meaning change, roughening meaning change and total change. This research uses a qualitative method, which is characterized by descriptive analysis. The data is sourced from the Instagram platform with the collection technique through the note-taking method.  After the data is collected, the data is processed, reducing data, presenting data and making conclusions based on the information that has been obtained. Based on the results and discussion, it can be concluded that there are 5 types of word meaning changes found on the Instagram social media platform. The five types of meaning changes include widespread/generalized meaning changes, narrowed/specialized meaning changes, refined/euphemia meaning changes, coarsening/dysfemia meaning changes and total meaning changes. The changes in meaning found on the Instagram social media platform are 29 words that experience changes in meaning with 16 words that experience changes in widespread meaning, 3 words that experience changes in narrow meaning, 4 words that experience changes in refinement meaning, 3 words that experience changes in coarsening meaning, and 3 words that experience changes in meaning in total

Language is a communication tool in the form of a system of sound symbols produced from human speech. Changes in meaning in Indonesian can be classified into five as follows: widening meaning change, narrowing meaning change, refining meaning change, roughening meaning change and total change. This research uses a qualitative method, which is characterized by descriptive analysis. The data is sourced from the Instagram platform with the collection technique through the note-taking method.  After the data is collected, the data is processed, reducing data, presenting data and making conclusions based on the information that has been obtained. Based on the results and discussion, it can be concluded that there are 5 types of word meaning changes found on the Instagram social media platform. The five types of meaning changes include widespread/generalized meaning changes, narrowed/specialized meaning changes, refined/euphemia meaning changes, coarsening/dysfemia meaning changes and total meaning changes. The changes in meaning found on the Instagram social media platform are 29 words that experience changes in meaning with 16 words that experience changes in widespread meaning, 3 words that experience changes in narrow meaning, 4 words that experience changes in refinement meaning, 3 words that experience changes in coarsening meaning, and 3 words that experience changes in meaning in total

This research contains a discussion of the use of language styles in the lyrics of the song by Nadin Amizah with the title "Rayuan Perempuan gila" and the meaning in the song lyrics. The aim of this research is to analyze the use of language styles and the meaning of language styles in the song "Rayuan perempuan gila". This research uses descriptive research and a qualitative approach which is guided by the theory of Gorys Keraf (2010). The song "Rayuan Perempuan Gila" was chosen as research material because the song's lyrics were written using a language style that was quite interesting and quite foreign to the ears of the wider community. However, this song by Nadin Amizah was well received by the wider community. The research was carried out using the literature study method, so that from this research it is hoped that results will be found in the form of discovering types of use of language style and meaning in the song entitled Mad Woman by Nadin Amizah. The results of this research are the discovery of language styles found in Nadin amizah is the eufimisme style of language, the simile style of language and the litotes style of language

The lyrics of the song that will be discussed in this study are Wildflower which is a pop song created by Billie Eilish which was released on May 17 2024 in her third studio album, Hit Me Hard and Soft. This song tells the story of Billie's experience of initially comforting a girl who is heartbroken after a breakup, but then she actually has a relationship with the girl's ex-lover. The purpose of this study is to describe the language style contained in the lyrics of the Wildflower song and explain the meaning of the language described. This research is qualitative research. The research for this study is to use data analysis, namely listening to the song to be analyzed, understanding the content of the lyrics, then looking for words that contain majas or language style. The method used is qualitative descriptive. The data of this study is an analysis of the use of metaphor, personification, repetition, hyperbole, and irony language styles contained in the lyrics of the Wildflower song. The results of this study show that there is the use of metaphor, personification, repetition, hyperbole, and irony language styles in the lyrics of Wildflower songs.

This study aims to analyze seven semantic meanings in Syi'ir Tanpo Waton by KH Muhammad Nizam As-Shofa using Leech's theory of meaning. The method used is descriptive qualitative, with data in the form of words, phrases, and sentences in the text of the poem accessed through the NU Online page. The results of the study indicate that Syi'ir Tanpo Waton contains various types of semantic meanings, namely conceptual, connotative, social, affective, reflective, collocative, and thematic meanings. The most dominant conceptual and connotative meanings describe the vertical relationship between humans and God, as well as deep spiritual values. The social meaning emphasizes inclusiveness and Javanese culture, while the affective meaning reflects religious emotions in the form of praise, prayer, and hope. The reflective meaning shows layers of multiple meanings, while the collocative meaning builds associations of related words. Thematic meaning emphasizes the urgency of worship, knowledge, and praise to God as the main themes.

This study aims to analyze seven semantic meanings in Syi'ir Tanpo Waton by KH Muhammad Nizam As-Shofa using Leech's theory of meaning. The method used is descriptive qualitative, with data in the form of words, phrases, and sentences in the text of the poem accessed through the NU Online page. The results of the study indicate that Syi'ir Tanpo Waton contains various types of semantic meanings, namely conceptual, connotative, social, affective, reflective, collocative, and thematic meanings. The most dominant conceptual and connotative meanings describe the vertical relationship between humans and God, as well as deep spiritual values. The social meaning emphasizes inclusiveness and Javanese culture, while the affective meaning reflects religious emotions in the form of praise, prayer, and hope. The reflective meaning shows layers of multiple meanings, while the collocative meaning builds associations of related words. Thematic meaning emphasizes the urgency of worship, knowledge, and praise to God as the main themes.

Literary work is an expression of the representation of the author's mind using language as a medium, where the human or author's feelings here are personal in the form of experiences, thoughts, feelings, ideas, enthusiasm and beliefs which are formed in a picture of life that can brings out the charm that uses language tools in written form. According to Teeuw (1988:23) in (Asria Fera Nurnazilia et al., 2022) literature comes from the root word "sas" (Sanskrit) which means to direct, teach, give guidance and instruction, while the suffix "tra" means tool, means. So, lexically, literature means a collection of tools for teaching, manuals or good teaching books, such as silpasastra (architectural manual), kamasastra (love manual). Literature is a form of representation of an author's thoughts. Literary works are an art that has a human element in it that involves feelings. This research uses a qualitative descriptive research method. The main data of this research is a literary work in the form of poetry in the form of the lyrics of the song "Nia Anak Surga" by Erwin Chan with research data in the form of words, quotes and sentences whose meanings are analyzed using a mimetic approach. Data collection techniques use documentary techniques. The data analysis technique uses content analysis techniques. The aim of this research is to describe the meaning and mimetic evidence contained in the song "Nia Anak Surga" by Erwin Chan seen from mimetic studies.

This study aims to determine the meaning of the song masak kopi popularized by Oesman in the Malay community in Bengkalis, Riau Province. The theory used in this study is the theory (Barthes, 1968) by describing the meaning of denotation as the first level meaning and connotation as the second level meaning. Also supported by the theory of sociology by Schmitt. It is an action of a person or group of people when interacting with something outside themselves and understanding information about their environment which is obtained through sight, hearing, appreciation, feelings, and experience and interpretation. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative. Data collection techniques in this study are observation, interviews and documentation. Data analysis techniques using data reduction, data presentation. Subjects in this study amounted to 4 people. The results of the research on the meaning of the masak kopi song in the Malay community in Bengkalis can be interpreted from 2 sides, namely from the music and from the lyrics. The Bengkalis Malay community interprets the music of the masak kopi song to reflect the characteristics of traditional Malay music which is very full of aesthetic and cultural values of the Malay community in Bengkalis, from the rhythm, melody and instruments used that strongly reflect the Malay identity of Bengkalis. The meaning of the lyrics can be concluded that the lyrics in the song masak kopi are related to the failure and fragility of love and hope caused by the influence of the establishment.

The emergence of social media has changed people's communication patterns from formal to more informal and interactive. However, these changes also pose challenges to the stability and uniformity of Indonesian as a national language. Massive shifts in the meaning of words on social media are often not in line with the standard rules of the Big Indonesian Dictionary (KBBI). The aim of this research is to analyze the influence of social media on shifts in the meaning of words in Indonesian. This research method uses a descriptive qualitative analysis approach. Based on the results analysis, five types of changes in meaning found in the use of comments and caption features by Indonesian netizens on Instagram. The large amount of data on changes in meaning found in comments and captions on Instagram is expected to provide insight to the wider community so they can choose and sort out good and correct words for them. used in everyday life.

The title of this study is the meaning of Oko Mama in the Sono Village Community, North Amanatun District, Sout Centeral Timor Regency. The purpose of this study is to find out and analyze the meaning of Oko Mama in the Sono Village Community. The theory used ini this research is using qualitative research method in analyzing data obtained in the field. In determining the informants who were interviewed, three people were used, consisting of the head of Sono Village, Traditional Elders and the Community. The results of this study indicate that the meaning of Oko Mama in the Sono Village Community, Oko Mama is a tradition inherited from ancestors that must be preserved and applied in everyday life. And in any activity, the community uses Oko Mama as the main media to open the activity. Based on the results of the study above, the author explains several things as follows: Through research, it is hoped that the people of Sono Village will love local culture more because culture has the identity of a region. And it is hoped that the community can provide knowledge for the next generation about the importance of preserving the Oko Mama culture.