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Cartography is a field that combines science and art in the creation of maps to present geographical information in a visual format. In this regard, cartography plays a vital role in simplifying complex and abstract geographical data, making it easier to understand and use. Maps allow for the representation of geographical phenomena through symbols, colors, and other visual elements, which facilitate analysis and decision-making. Furthermore, technological advancements, such as Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and satellite- based digital mapping, have enhanced cartography's ability to provide more accurate and dynamic data. This article discusses the role of cartography in presenting geographical data by highlighting visualization techniques, the use of the latest technologies, and its practical applications across various sectors. Therefore, cartography is not just a tool for creating maps but also an essential means of analyzing and understanding more complex geographical data.

This study aims to analyze the spatial distribution patterns and business characteristics of Coffee Shops in Wai Mhorock Sub-district, Abepura District, Jayapura City. The rapid growth of Coffee Shops in this area is influenced by its strategic location, situated near educational institutions, shopping centers, and social activity hubs. The research employs a quantitative approach with spatial mapping techniques using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and field surveys to identify the characteristics of each business. The results show that the spatial distribution of Coffee Shops in Wai Mhorock tends to be clustered, with a high concentration along main roads and community activity centers. The characteristics of the businesses vary in terms of venue concept, types of menus offered, operational hours, supporting facilities, and target consumers. Most Coffee Shops target young people such as students and university attendees by offering a cozy atmosphere and free internet access. In conclusion, understanding the spatial patterns and business characteristics of Coffee Shops can serve as a foundation for sustainable urban spatial planning and business development. This study also provides recommendations for entrepreneurs and local governments to consider location, accessibility, and environmental impacts in managing commercial space.

This study aims to examine the kinship between the Sabu, Sumba, and Rote languages, which are regional languages spoken in East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Geographically, these three languages are spoken in different areas, originating from three distinct islands, with each having its own unique linguistic characteristics. Based on linguistic classification, the Rote and Sabu languages belong to the Ambon–Timor subgroup, while the Sumba language is classified under the Bima–Sumbawa subgroup. Despite these differences, there are noticeable signs of linguistic kinship, including cultural elements such as similarities in the clan naming system, which suggests a potential historical connection among these languages. To investigate this further, the research gathered data from native speakers of the three languages, who provided verbal samples that were transcribed phonetically. Lexicostatistics was then applied to analyze the vocabulary and determine the percentage of kinship between the languages. This method involves comparing common words in each language and quantifying the level of similarity. The findings of this study are expected to contribute to a clearer understanding of the linguistic relationships between Sabu, Sumba, and Rote. The results will offer insights into whether these languages share a common ancestral root or if their similarities are due to cultural exchange and contact over time. This research also aims to highlight the importance of preserving these regional languages, as understanding their kinship could play a role in the revitalization of linguistic heritage in East Nusa Tenggara. The study's results are anticipated to enrich the field of comparative linguistics, particularly in relation to the Austronesian language family, and provide valuable information for future studies on language development in Indonesia.

Microplastics have emerged as a serious threat to tropical marine ecosystems in Indonesia, particularly in coastal areas with dense populations, major river estuaries, and busy shipping routes. This study aims to develop a predictive model of microplastic dispersion using partial differential equations based on ocean current data. The data set includes ocean currents derived from satellite imagery, global oceanographic models, and field observations, combined with information on microplastic sources from coastal human activities. The modeling process was conducted through numerical simulations using the finite difference method, taking into account geographic boundary conditions and numerical stability. The results indicate that the spatial distribution of microplastics is strongly influenced by seasonal current patterns closely associated with the Asian-Australian monsoon system. Microplastic concentrations tend to increase in areas with closed circulation and complex marine topography, with the highest accumulation identified in the Makassar Strait and the Java Sea. These findings highlight the critical role of ocean currents and other oceanographic factors in governing the transport and accumulation of microplastics in tropical seas. Ecologically, the outcomes suggest serious risks for coastal ecosystems, marine biodiversity, and the fisheries sector that supports Indonesia’s coastal communities. The implications of this study emphasize the need for more comprehensive marine environmental management strategies, strengthened field monitoring, and the integration of scientific models into plastic pollution control policies.

Cybercrime is an unlawful act committed using the internet based on sophisticated computer technology, networks and other information technologies. This crime not only affects individuals, but also financial institutions, critical infrastructure, and even national and international security. Cybercrime has characteristics that distinguish it from conventional forms of crime, namely the ability to cross geographical boundaries of countries without physical barriers so that in this case this cybercrime is referred to as transnational crime. The purpose of this study is to examine and analyze the position of cybercrime in the perspective of international law and to examine and analyze the position of cybercrime in the perspective of national law. The results of the study were obtained from the perspective of international law, cybercrime has a strategic position as a global threat that requires a cross-country legal approach. Meanwhile, from the perspective of national law, cybercrime has a central position in the reform of the Indonesian criminal law system. Through the formation and improvement of the ITE Law, as well as increasing the capacity of law enforcement and the community, the state seeks to create a safe, fair and responsible digital space

This study aims to analyze and visualize the distribution of COVID-19 cases in Indonesia throughout 2020 with a spatial-based quantitative approach. The data used was obtained from the official report of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia as of December 30, 2020, including the number of confirmed cases, recovered, and died. The analysis was carried out by integrating clustering methods and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) using Quantum GIS (QGIS) software. The visualization results show significant spatial variations between provinces, where provinces with high population density such as DKI Jakarta, West Java, East Java, and Central Java are recorded as areas with the highest caseload. In addition, areas with limited health facilities also show a high potential risk of transmission and death. Cluster patterns of positive and cured cases generally show similarities, while mortality rates show spatial inequalities that are important to look at. These findings emphasize the importance of spatial data integration in area-based policy planning for pandemic control. Spatial visualization not only facilitates understanding of distribution patterns, but also supports more effective and targeted decision-making.

Bali Province has a high population density, which has the potential to affect the distribution of infectious diseases such as diarrhea. However, mapping the distribution of diarrhea cases based on population density is still limited and does not meet good cartographic principles. Therefore, this study aims to present data on the distribution of diarrhea cases based on population density in Bali Province during the 2020-2022 period. This study used an analytic observational method with a cross-sectional design. The data used were secondary data from the Bali Province Health Profile and the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) for 2020-2022. Data analysis was carried out using geographic mapping with Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and statistical tests in the form of multiple linear regression and Spearman correlation. The results showed an increase in the strength of the relationship between population density and the number of diarrhea cases, as indicated by the rho value which increased from 0.1833 in 2020 to 0.6000 in 2022. However, this relationship was not statistically significant (p-value > 0.05), indicating that population density is not the only factor contributing to the increase in diarrhea cases. Other factors such as sanitation, access to clean water, and public awareness in maintaining hygiene also play a role in the spread of this disease. Although there is a trend that an increase in population density in Bali goes hand in hand with an increase in diarrhea cases, this relationship is not statistically strong enough. Therefore, a multidisciplinary approach is needed to address diarrhea cases, including improved sanitation facilities, public health education, as well as strengthening the spatial data-based disease monitoring system.

This study examines the effectiveness of Management Information Systems (MIS) in environmental permit administration within the Environmental Agency of Makassar City during the 2023-2024 period. Employing a qualitative case study approach, the research integrates several theoretical frameworks including Systems Theory, Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), Resource-Based View (RBV), Diffusion of Innovations, and Contingency Theory to comprehensively evaluate MIS performance. Through in-depth interviews with 35 respondents, direct observations, and documentation analysis over six months, the research identifies the impact of MIS implementation on environmental governance. Findings reveal significant improvements in processing efficiency (42% time reduction), administrative error reduction (67% decrease), and enhanced stakeholder engagement (53% increase in public participation). Nevertheless, challenges persist in regulatory alignment, technical reliability (12% system downtime), and user adaptation (23% of staff reporting usage difficulties). The study underscores the importance of continuous system optimization, targeted training, and cross-departmental integration for sustainable environmental governance. Theoretical contributions include an integrated MIS evaluation model for environmental administration contexts, while practical implications offer recommendations for technology-based permitting process improvements. Research limitations include a single geographic focus and relatively short observation period, suggesting the need for future longitudinal and comparative studies.

This study aims to produce a geographic information system based on a school mapping website in Entikong District. A total of 12 Elementary Schools (SD), 5 Junior High Schools (SMP), 1 Madrasah Tsanawiyah School (MTS) and 2 Vocational High Schools (SMK) were the subjects of this study. The process of creating a geographic information system goes through several stages, including system planning using flowcharts and unified modeling language (UML), at the design stage, the system is designed in a wireframe using mockflow tools wireframing, to creating a geographic information system using laravel, react. js, mapbox and progressive web apss. Then the system is tested using blackbox testing. This system makes it easy for users to find out the location of schools in Entikong District which is supported by the open direction feature. Based on this research, it allows users to search and find relevant information for each school in Entikong District.

This study aims to analyze the potential of local wisdom-based creative economy in Soaib Village, Kemtuk District, Jayapura Regency. Soaib Village has cultural wealth and abundant natural resources, including organic cocoa and orchids, which make it potential to be developed into a sustainable creative economy sector. This research used a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection through observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis was conducted using the SWOT method, explanatory analysis, and Geographic Information System (GIS) to map the potential of existing resources. The results showed that organic cocoa and orchids are leading sectors that can be the driving force of the local economy. However, there are significant challenges, such as limited infrastructure, lack of technical training, cocoa pests, and limited market access. Support from organizations such as WWF in providing training and mentoring has had a positive impact, especially in improving community skills related to forest product management and orchid cultivation. The SWOT analysis revealed several key factors: (1) strengths in the form of natural resources and active community participation; (2) weaknesses in the form of lack of infrastructure and capital; (3) opportunities in the form of global demand for organic products and government support; and (4) threats in the form of climate change and competition from other regions. With more structured and inclusive management, this potential can be maximized to support sustainable economic development. This research emphasizes the importance of local wisdom as a foundation in creative economic development, while maintaining environmental sustainability. The resulting strategic recommendations include improving infrastructure, strengthening technical training, strengthening local institutions, and promoting awareness about the importance of sustainability. With these steps, Soaib Village is expected to become an example of successful management of local wisdom-based creative economy that can be replicated in other areas.

WebGIS is a web-based Geographic Information System consisting of several interrelated components. WebGIS is a combination of graphic mapping design, digital maps with geographic analysis, computer programming, and a database that are interconnected into one part of web design and mapping web. WebGIS is a GIS application distributed in a computer network to integrate and disseminate geographic information visually on the world wide web. The objectives achieved in this study are to identify the types of tourism distribution on Sipora Island, Mentawai Islands Regency and to design and build a tourism object information system on Sipora Island, Mentawai Islands Regency based on webGIS. From the research conducted, it can be concluded that based on the survey results, there are 22 points. Waterfall tourism consists of 7 tours, cultural tourism consists of 2, beach tourism consists of 8 and marine tourism consists of 5. Where the tourism is spread across 2 sub-districts. Where in the North Sipora sub-district there are 15 points and South Sipora 7 points. Design and Build a tourism information system for Sipora Island, Mentawai Islands Regency using Quantum GIS as initial data processing. Then combined with a website that has been designed using the Visual Studio Code application.    

Road infrastructure is a vital element in supporting economic, social, and transportation activities in a region. Labuhan Batu Utara Regency faces challenges in managing and maintaining road conditions, especially in hard-to-reach areas. This article presents a recent literature review from the past five years on the application of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) for mapping and managing road conditions. The discussion covers technological innovations such as drone usage, machine learning, and crowdsourcing integration within GIS. Additionally, several international and national case studies are referenced to provide insights into the challenges and opportunities of GIS implementation. This article recommends strategies such as open-source GIS implementation, integration with mobile applications, and regular data updates to support efficient road condition management in Labuhan Batu Utara Regency. 

Current technological advances have made the need for information technology very necessary. With the existence of web-based geographic information system technology, it can help PT. Telkom Indonesia Tbk Prabumulih City Branch to digitize every Indibiz customer and target area for Indibiz products. The aim of this research is to create a web-based Indibiz customer mapping information system and to improve technician performance in matters concerning Indibiz. The research method used is descriptive qualitative, the Waterfall method as a system development method and UML as a design tool. The application was built using a website with the php programming language, a mysql database, and printing data using pdf files.

Education has a very important role in forming a generation that is intelligent, creative and has the ability to think critically. This research aims to improve the learning understanding of class 10 students at SMA Negeri 1 Galang on GIS material through a Project Based Learning (PBL) learning model. This research can provide new insights into the use of the Project Based Learning approach as an effective learning method in teaching complex material. This research uses the Kemmis and Mc model. Taggart as a PTK procedure, which consists of two cycles. Each cycle consists of implementation, action, observation and reflection. From this research, it was found that the Project-Based Learning (PBL) learning model can improve the understanding of class 10 students at SMAN 1 Galang in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) material in geography subjects. This increase in understanding can be seen from the increase in the average value in the cycle -1 and cycle-2 application of the Project-Based Learning (PBL) model. The average value of students in cycle-1 was 81.94 and in cycle-2 there was an increase in the average value of students by 91.94. The implementation of the Project-Based Learning (PBL) model is considered successful in increasing students' understanding because they have achieved the predetermined success indicators.

Geographic information systems are data placed in the context of space and time using computer systems used in the process of storing, manipulating, and analyzing geographic information. The purpose of this research is that the GIS application can help provide information on mapping the location of the economically weak population to the entire community quickly and easily. In addition, it can facilitate employees of the BPS Office of Southwest Sumba Regency in providing correct and accurate data information. The results of this study can help us find the location point quickly.

A geographic information system are highly valuable tools that help individuals or visitors explore noteworthy destinations. Implementing GIS for online restaurant searches within Southwest Sumba Regency aims to assist users in effortlessly obtaining detailed and accurate information about restaurant locations, enabling them to identify and reach these spots efficiently. The purpose of this project is to design a GIS application that leverages the capabilities of the Google Maps API. This API represents a sophisticated set of modern programming tools that facilitate seamless interaction between different software systems. The GIS application is developed using the waterfall methodology, which emphasizes a structured software development lifecycle to ensure uniformity and operational clarity. Therefore, the results of this study, with a geographic information system mapping the location of eating restaurants can provide information to tourists, as well as the community regarding the location of eating restaurants in the Southwest Sumba Regency area quickly and easily. 

GIS is a database system that has special features to process information related to the same space with operating system devices. GIS is also capable of integrating data, organizing information, and analyzing data that can ultimately produce outputs to support decision-making related to geographic issues. In this study, researchers plan to apply GIS to function as a digital map, which can certainly represent a particular area, and can be utilized through the availability of information by Google map as a wayfinding. In this study, it can be concluded that the benefits of GIS for mapping health centers to provide information about the location of health centers to the Health Office of Southwest Sumba Regency.

Urban farming is a modern form of adaptation that is responsive to food security challenges, especially in areas with limited space such as Banten Province. This study aims to examine the dynamics of food security in the agrarian region of Banten and offer innovative solutions through urban farming practices. The global food crisis, the shrinking of agricultural land due to development and land conversion, and the decreasing public interest in farming are crucial issues that threaten local food security. In Banten, land conversion has resulted in the loss of more than 9,869.61 hectares of productive rice fields, which has a direct impact on local production capacity and increased dependence on external supplies. As a solution, this study advocates urban farming innovations such as hydroponics, vertical farming, and the utilization of idle land and home gardens. This approach not only utilizes limited land efficiently but also aligns with the principles of wise food planning as exemplified in the story of the Prophet Joseph. Qualitative methods with literature studies and content analysis were used to gather in-depth information. To create sustainable food security, this study identified three main strategies: digitalization of agricultural spatial planning using geographic information systems (GIS) to prevent illegal land conversion; Integrating circular agriculture and urban farming to manage organic waste; and engaging the younger generation as drivers of innovation through technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT) and digital marketing. These efforts are expected to create high-quality and sustainable food security in Banten Province by combining social intelligence, technology, and environmental sustainability.

WebGis is a service that has geographic information. Geographic information systems have many spatial data types, namely points, lines, areas, and surfaces. GIS is a computer-based application whose data will be managed by spatial and attribute data. The distribution of graduates on Sumba Island is very large and has not been properly recorded so the data collection has not been properly recorded. Therefore, researchers conduct research and find solutions by recording alumni and managing the data into a system that can be recorded properly through spatial data information in the form of maps with databases so that the search for alumni distribution can be tracked properly.

The Sumba Christian Church (GKS) Jemaat Makamenggit, located in East Sumba Regency, has a substantial number of congregants, including 425 members at the central Makamenggit church. Financial management activities, such as revenue from Children's Offerings (PA), Diakonia, and building funds, are still carried using notebooks and calculators. This method is not only time-consuming and also prone to recording errors and reduces transparency in financial reporting. This poses challenges in meeting regulatory requirements and maintaining the trust of the congregation and related stakeholders. In the current digital era, transparency and accuracy in financial reporting are essential needs. To address this challenge, a web-based information system which aims to speed up the process of calculating incoming and outgoing money and financial reporting. With this new system, the recording process, which typically takes 1-2 days, can be simplified to just 10-15 minutes. The use of a web-based system also provides real-time access to financial data for various stakeholders, such as church administrators, congregation councils, and supervisory bodies, regardless of geographical constraints. The proposed system will enable the church treasurer to manage church finances more efficiently, reduce reporting time, and meet applicable regulatory demands.In an effort to speed up the financial calculation process at GKS Makamenggit, this financial information system was developed using the waterfall method. It is hoped that the results of this research will help financial treasurers to manage incoming and outgoing finances and with this system, financial reporting will be more transparent and efficient.