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As a developing country with one of the highest populations in the world, Indonesia possesses an abundant workforce in terms of its working-age population. Among the 38 provinces, Bali has consistently shown the highest labor force participation rate. However, a more detailed view from 2010 to 2024 reveals that the proportion of the working-age population classified as part of the labor force has experienced fluctuations. This study aims to analyze both the simultaneous and partial effects of the unemployment rate, education, and regional minimum wage on the labor force participation rate (LFPR) in Bali Province from 2010 to 2024. The study was conducted in Bali Province, using secondary data published by Statistics Indonesia (BPS). The analysis technique employed in this study is panel data regression. The results of the panel regression test indicate that the most appropriate model is the Fixed Effects Model. The findings show that the variables of unemployment rate, education, and regional minimum wage simultaneously have a significant effect on the labor force participation rate in Bali Province. Partially, the unemployment rate has a negative but insignificant effect, education has a positive and significant effect, and the regional minimum wage has a negative and significant effect on the labor force participation rate in Bali Province. It is recommended that the government and private sector collaborate in formulating appropriate policies to increase labor force participation by improving the quality of education and designing minimum wage policies that align with both labor needs and market capacity to pay wages.

This study aims to analyze the influence of leverage (DER), free cash flow (FCF), and operational efficiency using inventory turnover (ITO), and receivables turnover (RTO) on company value, with company size as a control variable, in food and beverage sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2018–2023 period. The method used is panel data regression with the Fixed Effect Model approach. The results of the study show that leverage has a significant negative effect, and inventory turnover has a significant positive effect on the company's value. Meanwhile, FCF and RTO had no significant effect, while company size had a negative effect. Robustness checks with PBV as proxy for alternative values showed relatively consistent results. These findings support the signal theory, that operational efficiency and a well-managed financial structure can strengthen investors' perception of a company's value.

This study investigates the influence of Provincial Minimum Wage (PMW), Labor Force Participation Rate (LFPR), and Population Growth Rate (PGR) on Employment Opportunities (EO) across 20 most populous provinces in Indonesia from 2017 to 2024. Using a quantitative approach and panel data sourced from the Central Statistics Agency, the analysis applies the Fixed Effect Model selected through Chow and Hausman tests. The Outcomes indicate that PMW has a significant negative effect on EO, implying that wage increases without corresponding productivity growth can reduce job absorption. Conversely, LFPR has a significant positive effect, reflecting that a higher labor force engagement boosts employment. PGR has a negative but statistically insignificant effect. The F-test confirms that all three variables jointly influence EO. These results highlight the need to harmonize wage regulations, human capital development (HDI), and population planning to support inclusive and sustainable employment in regions experiencing high demographic pressures.

This study aims to examine the influence of the number of poor people, average years of schooling, and labor force participation rate on the open unemployment rate (OUR) in Maluku Province from 2017 to 2023. The study uses panel data from 11 districts/cities and applies a regression model using a fixed effect approach. The results show that the average years of schooling have a positive and significant effect on the open unemployment rate. This implies that the longer an individual pursues education, the higher the likelihood of unemployment, as they tend to have higher job expectations and are less willing to accept available jobs. Meanwhile, the labor force participation rate has a negative and significant effect, indicating that a higher number of actively working individuals leads to a lower unemployment rate. The number of poor people does not have a significant effect on unemployment. Overall, the model explains approximately 53.5% of the variation in the open unemployment rate. These findings indicate that education and labor participation are crucial factors in reducing unemployment, but must be supported by the availability of suitable employment opportunities.

This study aims to analyze the influence of infrastructure and the quality of human resources (HR) on economic competitiveness in Central Java Province. In the era of globalization, competitiveness is an important indicator of regional progress. Infrastructure such as transportation, electricity, and digital connectivity support economic efficiency, while quality human resources increase productivity and innovation. Despite their importance, development imbalances remain a challenge in Central Java. This study uses panel data from BPS and is analyzed using the Fixed Effect Model (FEM) method based on Chow and Hausman tests. The results show that together, infrastructure and human capital have a significant effect on economic competitiveness. However, separately, both have a negative and insignificant influence, with regression coefficients of -0.000195 for infrastructure and -0.0176 for human capital. The Adjusted R-squared value of 0.3149 indicates that 31.49% of the variation in competitiveness is explained by these two variables. This finding is important for determining the direction of future regional development policies.

This study aims ti analyze the effect of the Human Development Index (HDI), Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP), and Open Unemployment Rate (OUR) on the poverty rate in Gorontalo Province. The study uses panel data from six districts/cities over the period 2017–2024 and is analyzed using panel data regression methods. Based on the results of the Chow test, Hausman test, and Lagrange Multiplier test, the best model used is the Fixed Effect Model (FEM). The analysis results show that simultaneously, the three independent variables have a significant effect on the poverty rate. However, partially, only the GRDP variable has a negative and significant effect on poverty. Meanwhile, the HDI and OUR variables show a negative but statistically insignificant effect on the poverty rate in Gorontalo Province.

This study aims to determine the influence of tourist arrivals, the number of tourist attractions, and the room occupancy rate on the regional original revenue (PAD) of regencies/municipalities in Bali Province from 2018 to 2023. The analysis is conducted using panel data regression with the Common Effects Model, Fixed Effects Model, and Random Effects Model approaches. Model selection is based on the Chow test, Hausman test, and Lagrange Multiplier test. The results show that tourist arrivals, the number of tourist attractions, and the room occupancy rate simultaneously affect the regional original revenue of regencies/municipalities in Bali Province. Partially, the variables of tourist arrivals, number of tourist attractions, and room occupancy rate have a positive and significant effect on the regional original revenue of regencies/municipalities in Bali Province.  

This study aims to analyze the influence of population size, Human Development Index (HDI), and Open Unemployment Rate (OUR) on poverty levels in regencies/cities of Special Region of Yogyakarta during 2018-2023 period. The research employed quantitative design with panel data regression analysis approach across five regencies/cities in DIY. Secondary data were obtained from official publications of Statistics Indonesia Yogyakarta Province and analyzed using Fixed Effect Model and Random Effect Model with Stata 17 software. The research findings indicate that HDI has negative and significant effect on poverty level, suggesting that improvement in human resource quality effectively reduces poverty. OUR proved to have positive and significant effect on poverty, confirming that increased unemployment raises poverty levels. Conversely, population size shows no significant influence on poverty in DIY. These findings provide strategic implications for local government to prioritize investment in education and health sectors as well as job creation programs in poverty alleviation efforts. High inter-regional heterogeneity indicates the necessity for policy approaches tailored to specific characteristics of each regency/city in DIY.

This study aims to analyze the effect of Farmer Exchange Rate (NTP), agricultural labor, and education on the rural poverty rate in western Indonesia during the 2019-2023 period. Using panel data from 17 provinces and the Fixed Effect Model (FEM) method, the results show that the three independent variables have a negative and significant effect on rural poverty. These findings identify that improving farmers' welfare, optimizing labor in the agricultural sector, and improving education can be effective strategies in reducing poverty in rural areas.

This study aims to analyze the effect of Agricultural GDP, Gini Ratio, and Education in influencing poverty in western Indonesia. A panel data model with Fixed Effect Model estimation was used for data of 17 provinces from 2019 to 2023. The results showed that partially the Agricultural sector GRDP had a significant negative effect, inequality with the Gini Ratio indicator had a significant positive effect, while education with the average years of schooling indicator had a negative but insignificant effect. These findings indicate that an increase in agricultural output and education can reduce poverty, while high income inequality can worsen poverty conditions in rural areas.

The human development index is a way to assess the extent of the welfare of society in an area. Human development in Lampung Province is ranked lowest among other provinces on the island of Sumatra with a percentage of 70.45% in 2022. Departing from the geographical context of Lampung Province which is a vital route for economic activity between the islands of Java and Sumatra, this province has the potential to become a center distribution of goods and services at the national level. It should be able to increase employment and income in Lampung Province. So, it can reduce poverty and reduce unemployment. However, in reality, Lampung Province is still far behind other provinces on the island of Sumatra. The formulation of the problem in this research is how poverty and unemployment influence the human development index in Lampung Province. This research uses a quantitative type of research with a descriptive approach using panel data with a fixed effect model approach. The population in this research is data from the Human Development Index contained in the Central Statistics Agency of Lampung Province. According to the research results, X1 has a significant negative effect, X2 has no significant effect. The results of statistical tests state that the value of Prob. (F-statistic) is 0.000000. This means 0.000000<0.05, so it can be concluded that the independent variable (X) has a significant effect on the dependent variable (Y) simultaneously (simultaneously). Based on the results of the statistical tests carried out, an R-squared value of 0.984344 was obtained. It can be concluded that the independent variable has an influence on the dependent variable of 98%, while 2% is influenced by other variables outside the model.

This study aims to analyze the influence of the Provincial Minimum Wage (UMP), Poverty Rate (TK), and Unemployment Rate (TPT) on the Human Development Index (HDI) in five provinces of Indonesia categorized as having moderate HDI from 2014 to 2023. The research employs a panel data regression method using the Fixed Effect Model (FEM) approach to capture variations across regions and time.The findings reveal that the UMP has a positive and significant impact on HDI, indicating that higher minimum wages contribute to improvements in human development. In contrast, the TPT negatively and significantly affects HDI, suggesting that higher unemployment rates hinder human development progress. Meanwhile, the TK variable shows no significant effect on HDI, implying that changes in poverty rates during the study period did not directly influence human development levels in these provinces.Furthermore, the results of the regression analysis show that UMP, TK, and TPT simultaneously have a significant impact on HDI, with an overall contribution of 98.65%. The remaining 1.35% is attributed to other factors not included in the research model.These results highlight the importance of policies aimed at increasing minimum wages and reducing unemployment to enhance community welfare and accelerate human development in provinces with moderate HDI. Policymakers are encouraged to design comprehensive strategies that prioritize employment creation and wage improvements as key levers for boosting human development outcomes across regions.

Fiscal decentralization is a tool to achieve maximum public welfare and the provision of essential public services. The essence of fiscal decentralization is the provision of transfer funds to local governments. In addition, through transfer funds, it is hoped that there will be equity and fiscal balance vertically and horizontally. However, the existence of transfer funds caused a response that the central government responded to as the main fund for regional spending. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of the flypaper effect on the balance fund and local revenue on education spending, health spending, and infrastructure spending. Using data from 2019-2023 in municipalities and cities on the island of Java and regression using a fixed effect model, it shows the occurrence of a flypaper effect on education and infrastructure spending through DAK. As a result, every increase in DAK will encourage an increase in education and infrastructure spending. Meanwhile, different results are shown in health spending, that every increase in DAU decreases health spending. Different tests were carried out using dummy variables in the year before and after the implementation of the latest policy. As a result, the regulation of the DAU Specific Grant was able to increase health spending, but not as much as the influence of PAD.

This study attempts to examine the influence of three economic factors, namely capital, wage rate, and output value in the context of labor absorption in the industrial sector operating in Java. The study uses a quantitative approach method by utilizing secondary data sourced from BPS during the period 2018-2023, where panel data regression analysis with the Fixed Effect Model (FEM) approach is applied to test the relationship between variables. The results of the analysis indicate that the capital factor does not have a significant impact on the labor absorption process. Meanwhile, the wage level shows a correlation in the same direction as labor absorption, this influence is not proven to be significant when tested statistically. On the other hand, the output value shows a significant positive influence on labor absorption. These findings reveal how complex the interactions between economic factors are in the Java region, which have important implications for the development of employment policies and inclusive development strategies. A comprehensive approach is needed to support the sustainability of industrial growth and improve the quality of human resources in the future.

Masita Wahyuni Asih 2024, The Effect of Non Performing Loan (NPL), Return on Asset (ROA), and Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) on Price to book value (PBV) at BUMN Banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2018-2023 Period. Makassar STIM-LPI Management Science Study Program (supervised by Fausiah, S.E., M.Si. and Andi Herman Tellu, S.E., M.M.). The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Non Performing Loan (NPL), Return on Asset (ROA), and Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) on Price to Book Value (PBV) at BUMN banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange both partially and simultaneously. Price to Book Value (PBV) is the dependent variable (Y), and three independent variables (X) are used, namely Non Performing Loan (NPL), Return on Asset (ROA), and Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR). Saturated sampling was used to obtain secondary data from a population of 4 banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Descriptive statistics and classical assumptions, such as multicollinearity assumption and heteroscedasticity assumption, have been tested in relation to the research findings. The data analysis approach uses panel data regression, hypothesis testing, and the Fixed Effect Model (FEM) test. The partially tested study results show that while non-performing loans (NPLs) do not affect price to book value (PBV) significantly, there are return on assets (ROA) and capital adequacy ratio (CAR) that do. The findings of this study also simultaneously show that PBV is significantly affected by NPL, ROA, and CAR.

The covid-19 pandemic has had a major impact on the economic and health sectors in indonesia. The health and technology sectors have experienced significant growth due to changes in economic behavior resulting in increased public demand for health and technology products. However, the challenge that arises is the financial resilience of companies in both sectors amid significant economic growth. This can be seen from capital structure policy of companies in both sectors. This study aims to analyze the effect of profitability, asset structure, company size, and growth opportunities on capital structure in health and technology companies listed on the IDX for the 2019-2022 period by taking into account the completeness and suitability of the data during that period. This study used purposive sampling technique to obtain 21 companies as research samples. This research was conducted using a quantitative method with a data panel data regression approach by adopting the Fixed Effect Model as the best model and processed using the Eviews 13 application. The results of the analysis show that profitability has a negative effect on capital structure, while company size and growth opportunities have a positive effect on capital structure, while asset structure has no effect on capital structure.

Indonesia sebagai negara berkembang juga masih dihinggapi oleh permasalahan kemiskinan. Pemerintah telah melakukan berbagai terobosan dalam pengentasasan kemiskinan, salah satunya melalui penyaluran dana desa. Dana desa (APBDesa) digunakan untuk: penyelenggaraan pemerintah desa, pelaksanaan pembangunan desa, pembinaan kemasyarakatan, pemberdayaan masyarakat desa, serta penanggulangan bencana. Hal ini sejalan dengan tujuan pembangunan desa, peningkatan kesejahteraan masyarakat serta pengentasan kemiskinan. Kemiskinan diindikasikan melalui Keluarga penerima manfaat (KPM) yang menerima Program Keluarga harapan (PKH) dan Bantuan Pangan Non Tunai (BPNT). Uji Chow dan Uji Hausman test merekomendasikan Fixed Effect Model, sedangkan Uji Lagrange Multiplier merekomendasikan Common Effect Model. Determinasi dari ketiganya menunjukkan bahwa belanja melalui APBDesa hanya relatif kecil dapat menjelaskan penurunan tingkat kemiskinan di Kota Lhokseumawe. Oleh karena itu, Pemerintah Kota Lhokseumawe harus lebih meningkatkan proses pendampingan kepada desa khususnya dalam perencanaan belanja yang berorientasi pada pengentasan kemiskinan karena masih terdapat belanja desa yang tidak bersentuhan langsung dengan program penanggulangan kemiskinan.

The aim of this research is to determine the influence of ownership structure on financial performance and the effect of ESG scores moderates the relationship between ownership structure and financial performance. The population in this study was companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2020-2022 period, resulting in a sample of 183. This study used Eviews 12.0 as an analysis tool. The analytical method used is Multiple Linear Regression with the Fixed Effect Model (FEM) panel data type. The results obtained in this research are that foreign ownership has a significant effect on financial performance and ESG scores can significantly moderates the relationship between foreign ownership and financial performance. Meanwhile institutional ownership, ESG scores does not had a significant affect on financial performance, and ESG scores cannot moderates the relationship between institutional ownership and financial performance.

The strength of a country can be measured through two elements, namely the military and the economy by looking at the aspect of the country's economic growth. National defense is not only useful for military needs, but also helps economic growth. Keynes stated that national defense is part of a public good so that if the country is defended, then someone will enjoy the benefits it gets. The purpose of this study is to compare and examine the effect of military and economic indicators on the country's economic growth rate. The study was conducted in five ASEAN countries, namely Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, the Philippines and Thailand using secondary data obtained by the World Bank from 2009 to 2020. This research method uses panel regression with fixed effect model testing. The results show that the defense budget and the exchange rate have a significant positive effect on economic growth, whereas imports of defense equipment have a significant negative effect on economic growth.

Lisnawaty Paje. 2024 "The Influence of the Smart Indonesia Program Cash Transfers and the Family Hope Program Cash Transfers in Overcoming Poverty in Gorontalo Province". Development Economics Study Program, Department of Economics, Faculty of Economics and Business, Gorontalo State University, With Supervisor I, Prof. Dr. Muhammad Amir Arham, M.E and Supervisor II Mrs. Fitri Hadi Yulia Akib, S.E, M.E. This research aims to determine the effect of cash transfers from the Smart Indonesia Program and the Family Hope Program on Poverty in Gorontalo Province. The data used in this research is secondary data obtained from the Central Statistics Agency and the Regional Government of Gorontalo Province for the 2018-2022 period. This research uses Panel Data Analysis using the Fixed Effect Model (FEM). The results of this research show (1) the Smart Indonesia Program Cash Transfer has a positive but not significant impact on poverty in Gorontalo Province. This is caused by inappropriate allocation and use of funds, limited beneficiary quotas so that not all underprivileged students receive assistance and there are still many individuals who have not been reached. (2) The Family Hope Program Cash Transfer has a negative but significant impact on poverty in Gorontalo Province. This is because the Family Hope Program has provided assistance to poor people to meet their basic needs, thus helping to reduce the burden of expenses they bear. As a result, many PKH participants can use their income for other purposes. In addition, the Family Hope Program has helped increase the income of poor people by providing financial assistance.