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The objective of the dissemination activity on managerial economic practices related to budgeting was to enhance the understanding and capacity of Karang Taruna administrators in managing organizational finances efficiently and responsibly.through training sessions and interviews, participants gained practical insights into planning, controlling, and evaluating budgets based on managerial economics principles. The outcomes of the activity demonstrated that applying efficiency and effectiveness principles in budgeting can improve accountability, transparency, and overall organizational performance.the budgeting process for the 2025 UMKM Bazaar served as a practical example, showing that structured and participatory financial management can enhance organizational governance and optimize the use of available resources.according to the final evaluation, the administrators showed significant improvement in budget planning and management skills, contributing to better performance and increased professionalism within Karang Taruna.this initiative represents a strategic step toward fostering the independence of community organizations in implementing sustainable programs.

This study aims to evaluate the financial performance of PT Jasa Marga (Persero) Tbk during the period 2021 to 2024 in an effort to assess the effectiveness of financial management within the infrastructure sector. The main focus of the study is to determine whether there has been an improvement in financial performance based on relevant financial indicators. The analysis was conducted using a descriptive quantitative approach based on the company’s published annual financial statements. The results indicate that, in general, PT Jasa Marga has experienced a significant improvement in financial performance over the past four years. This is reflected in improved liquidity, solvency, profitability, and activity ratios. The increase in toll revenue, as the company’s main source of income, along with profit growth and operational efficiency, serve as key indicators of the success of management strategies in addressing post-pandemic challenges and expanding national toll road projects. Additionally, improved debt management is evidenced by the declining leverage ratios year after year. These findings support the hypothesis that there has been an improvement in financial performance during the observation period.

This study aims to analyze financial statements as a tool to assess the financial performance of PT Unilever Indonesia Tbk for the period 2020–2023. Using a descriptive quantitative approach, this research calculates key financial ratios, including liquidity ratios (current ratio), solvency ratios (debt to equity ratio), activity ratios (total asset turnover), and profitability ratios (net profit margin). The results show that the current ratio experienced a declining trend from 66.09% in 2020 to 55.16% in 2023, reflecting a weakening ability of the company to meet its short-term liabilities. The debt to equity ratio increased from 315.90% in 2020 to 392.85% in 2023, indicating a high dependence on debt financing. Meanwhile, the total asset turnover improved from 315.90% in 2020 to 392.85% in 2023, suggesting better efficiency in utilizing assets to generate sales. However, the net profit margin declined from 16.42% in 2020 to 12.26% in 2023, signaling a decrease in the company's effectiveness in converting sales into net profit. Based on these findings, PT Unilever Indonesia Tbk is advised to enhance the management of current assets, strengthen its capital structure by reducing reliance on debt, and thoroughly evaluate cost control and marketing strategies to improve profitability and ensure business sustainability in the future.   

This study analyzes the financial performance and condition of the Sungai Penuh City Government from 2017 to 2023. Financial performance is measured using key ratios such as independence, effectiveness, efficiency, activity, growth, and solvency. Financial condition is assessed through the Brown Model (10-Point Test). Using a descriptive quantitative approach, the research is based on secondary data from APBD realization reports. The results show fluctuating performance, with high fiscal dependence on central government transfers and inconsistent growth in PAD and spending efficiency. The city's financial condition is categorized as moderate, with solvency as a critical concern. Supported by legitimacy and signaling theories, the study emphasizes the importance of transparency and financial strategy to build public trust and improve regional fiscal health.

Using a case study of the Food and Beverage industry listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) between 2017 and 2022, this study seeks to examine the partial impact of financial performance on stock prices through Earnings Per Share (EPS). Ratios like Return on Assets (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE), EPS, and share prices are used to gauge financial performance. Using a saturated sampling method, 18 firms were chosen for the sample. Using a quantitative technique with a descriptive approach, this study performs data analysis using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with the aid of SmartPLS version 3. 0. According to the study's findings, ROA has a considerable impact on EPS but not on share values. ROE has no discernible impact on stock prices or EPS. Nevertheless, EPS is shown to be a mediating variable between ROA and ROE, both of which have a substantial impact on share values. Improving the efficiency and effectiveness of financial management is one of the recommendations, particularly in areas that have an impact on EPS, such as capital structure and profitability. When making investment decisions, investors should pay attention to financial performance metrics like stock values, EPS, ROA, and ROE. To gain a more thorough analysis, future academics are urged to consider more variables, such the Price to Earnings Ratio, Dividend Payout Ratio, and external elements such as inflation and interest rates.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the Sarang Burung Village Government's financial performance for the fiscal year 2020–2023 in the Jambi Luar Kota District of the Muaro Jambi Regency. Six financial ratios—the Degree of Decentralization Ratio, Village Financial Independence Ratio, Village Financial Dependency Ratio, PADes Effectiveness Ratio, Expenditure Efficiency Ratio, and Revenue Growth Ratio—will be used in this study to examine Sarang Burung Village's financial performance. The Realization Report of the Village Revenue and Expenditure Budget (APBDes) of Sarang Burung Village, Jambi Luar Kota District, Muaro Jambi Regency, for the fiscal years 2020–2023 is the source of secondary data used in this quantitative descriptive study. The study's findings indicate that the Sarang Burung Village Government's financial performance is classified as extremely poor based on the Degree of Decentralization Ratio, very low for the Village Financial Independence Ratio, very high for the Village Financial Dependency Ratio, ineffective for the PADes Effectiveness Ratio, less efficient for the Spending Efficiency Ratio, and not good for the PADes Growth Ratio. The SWOT Analysis employs the S-T strategy, which leverages internal strengths to counter external threats.

The research titled "Analysis of the Effectiveness and Efficiency of the Use of the Parish Budget of the Holy Spirit Nelle" aims to analyze the level of effectiveness and efficiency in the use of the budget at the Holy Spirit Nelle Parish during a specific reporting period. The analysis is conducted by comparing the activity targets and budget with the actual realization. The results show that the average effectiveness of activities is only 45.95%, indicating that most activities have not been optimally achieved. Meanwhile, the efficiency of budget utilization is recorded at 29.48%, which shows a low level of spending compared to the allocated funds. These findings indicate a gap between the planning and implementation of parish programs. Some programs have not been realized at all despite having a budget allocated. Therefore, improvements are needed in program planning, adjustments in budget allocations according to implementation capacity, as well as strengthening the monitoring and evaluation system to enhance accountability and financial performance of the parish moving forward.

This research examines the governance of the National Amil Zakat Agency of Barito Kuala Regency as an effort to optimize transparent, professional, and sharia-compliant zakat management. Although South Kalimantan has the highest zakat potential in Kalimantan Island, its zakat realization is still far from the target, reflecting the challenges of public trust and the effectiveness of the institution's governance. This study aims to evaluate the governance of Barito Kuala National Amil Zakat Agency using three main indicators: Zakat Core Principles Index, Sharia Compliance Index of Zakat Management Organization, and Financial Ratio Analysis. Using a qualitative-descriptive approach, data was collected through observation and internal document analysis. The result shows that the implementation of Zakat Core Principle scores 0.44 (good enough category), while sharia compliance scores 0.72 (good category), and financial ratio shows high efficiency and effectiveness in collecting and distributing zakat. Important findings reveal that the suboptimal documentation of Operational Procedur Standard, absence of internal audit, and high operational burden become obstacles to ideal governance. Although the management of zakat in Barito Kuala National Amil Zakat Agency has been running according to regulations and sharia principles, improvement of institutional structure, documentation, efficiency of human resources, and transparency of financial statements are needed. This research provides a practical contribution as an internal evaluation of the institution and a scientific contribution in the development of accountable and sustainable zakat management in Indonesia.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis penilaian rasio profitabilitas pada kinerja keuangan PT Unilever Indonesia Tbk selama periode 2021 hingga 2023. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif deskriptif dengan menggunakan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari Bursa Efek Indonesia yaitu laporan keuangan tahunan PT Unilever Indonesia Tbk. Analisis dilakukan dengan menggunakan rasio profitabilitas seperti Gross Profit Margin (GPM), Net Profit Margin (NPM), Return on Assets (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE), dan dan Earning per Share of Common Stock (EPS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa GPM perusahaan konsisten di atas standar industri dan mencerminkan efisiensi produksi yang baik. Namun, NPM dan ROA menunjukkan tren penurunan dan berada di bawah standar industri, menunjukkan adanya tekanan pada laba bersih dan efisiensi penggunaa aset. ROE mengalami peningkatan signifikan yang berada di atas standar industri, menandakan efektivitas pengelolaan modal sendiri. Sementara itu, EPS mengalami penurunan sejalan dengan penurunan laba bersih. Secara keseluruhan, PT Unilever Indonesia Tbk menunjukkan kekuatan dalam efisiensi produksi dan pengelolaan ekuitas, namun menghadapi tantangan dalam mempertahankan laba bersih dan efektivitas aset. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan efisiensi biaya operasional, optimalisasi penggunaan aset, serta strategi penguatan ekuitas untuk memperbaiki kinerja keuangan di masa depan. This study aims to determine and analyze the assessment of profitability ratios on the financial performance of PT Unilever Indonesia Tbk during the period 2021 to 2023. The research method used is quantitative descriptive using secondary data obtained from the Indonesia Stock Exchange, namely the annual financial report of PT Unilever Indonesia Tbk. The analysis was carried out using profitability ratios such as Gross Profit Margin (GPM), Net Profit Margin (NPM), Return on Assets (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE), and Earning per Share of Common Stock (EPS). The results of the study show that the company's GPM is consistently above the industry standard and reflects good production efficiency. However, NPM and ROA show a downward trend and are below the industry standard, indicating pressure on net profit and asset use efficiency. ROE has increased significantly above the industry standard, indicating the effectiveness of equity management. Meanwhile, EPS has decreased in line with the decline in net profit. Overall, PT Unilever Indonesia Tbk shows strength in production efficiency and equity management, but faces challenges in maintaining net profit and asset effectiveness. This study recommends operational cost efficiency, optimization of asset utilization, and equity strengthening strategies to improve financial performance in the future.

This article aims to analyze the differences in stock performance before and after mergers and acquisitions in companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). The problem focuses on the impact of mergers and acquisitions on stock performance indicators, such as Stock Returns, Price Earnings Ratio (PER), Price to Book Value (PBV), and Earnings Per Share (EPS). In order to approach this problem, theoretical references from financial management and market efficiency theory are used. Data were collected through financial statements of companies undergoing mergers and acquisitions in the 2018-2020 period and analyzed quantitatively using normality tests and significant difference tests with paired sample t-tests. This study concludes that mergers and acquisitions have a significant effect on increasing several stock performance indicators, especially Stock Returns and PBV, although the impact on PER and EPS varies depending on the industry sector and market conditions. The results of this study are expected to provide insight for investors and business actors in assessing the effectiveness of mergers and acquisitions as a company growth strategy.

This study aims to measure the financial performance of the Regional Financial and Asset Management Agency (BPKAD) of Lamongan Regency in 2019–2023 based on the Value for Money concept which includes the principles of economy, efficiency, and effectiveness. The method used is descriptive qualitative with a case study approach, collecting primary data through interviews and observations and secondary data from the Budget Realization Report (LRA) and other supporting documents. The results of the ratio analysis show that the management of regional spending during this period is classified as economical with an average ratio of 93.61%, and balanced efficient with an average efficiency ratio of 100.70%. However, the effectiveness of regional revenue is still fluctuating and mostly ineffective, mainly due to the low realization of revenue from taxes, levies, and grants. The implications of this study emphasize the need to increase the utilization of regional potential and revenue management so that financial targets can be achieved optimally, so that public services and regional development can run more effectively and sustainably.

Introduction: The integration of Digital Twin (DT) technology and the Internet of Things (IoT) into Building Energy Management Systems (BEMS) offers a transformative approach to optimizing energy consumption in buildings. This study explores the development of a Digital Twin based BEMS prototype, which leverages real time data collection, predictive analytics, and machine learning to enhance energy efficiency, reduce costs, and support sustainability goals in modern buildings. The research also addresses key gaps in current energy management systems, including real time adaptive control and integration with smart grid platforms. Literature Review: Previous research highlights the limitations of traditional BEMS, which often rely on static control strategies and lack real time adaptability. Recent advancements, including predictive maintenance and machine learning integration, have improved energy optimization. However, challenges such as data interoperability, scalability, and cybersecurity remain. This review consolidates current approaches and identifies opportunities for enhancing BEMS through the integration of DT technology, IoT, and machine learning. Materials and Method: The methodology employed involves the design of a Digital Twin based BEMS prototype, incorporating IoT sensors for real time data collection on variables such as HVAC load, occupancy, and environmental factors. The system uses time series forecasting and adaptive control strategies to optimize energy consumption. A case study building is used for validation, with performance metrics such as energy savings, CO₂ footprint reduction, and peak load reduction assessed to evaluate the system's effectiveness. Results and Discussion: The results demonstrate a significant reduction in energy consumption (up to 50%) compared to traditional BEMS, along with improved forecasting accuracy and sustainability performance. The prototype achieved a high R² score in predicting energy usage, validated through real world application in the case study building. The economic feasibility analysis showed substantial cost savings and a strong return on investment, making the system a financially viable solution for energy efficient building management.

Budget planning in Islamic educational institutions is a crucial factor in ensuring the sustainability and effectiveness of financial management. This article analyzes the strategies for preparing budget plans in Islamic educational institutions from operational and technical perspectives. Proper planning ensures the optimal allocation of resources to support the learning process, facility maintenance, and quality improvement in education. This study highlights the importance of transparency, accountability, and the use of performance-based approaches in budget management. Additionally, government regulations, stakeholder involvement, and the utilization of technology are key factors in enhancing the efficiency and effectiveness of budget planning in Islamic education. The findings of this study are expected to provide insights for Islamic education administrators in developing a more structured and sustainable financial strategy.

North Kalimantan Province as one of the regions is required to prioritize capital expenditure to support community economic activities. The Budget Realization Report (LRA) as a form of government accountability in managing finances shows priorities on government operational expenditures. The purpose of this study is to examine the financial performance of the Regional Government of North Kalimantan Province for Fiscal Year 2018 – 2022 using 5 data analysis tools consisting of: 1) Regional Financial Independence Ratio, 2) Growth Ratio, 3) Regional Original Revenue Effectiveness Ratio, 4) Regional Financial Efficiency Ratio, and 5) Compatibility Ratio. This research includes quantitative research with a descriptive approach derived from secondary data, namely the North Kalimantan Provincial Government Budget Realization Report 2018 – 2022. The results of the study using the ratio of regional financial independence showed the value of independence classified as consultancy

This study aims to analyze the financial performance of CV Yanidilla Adilindo by using financial ratios, including liquidity, solvency, profitability, and activity ratios. The data used in this research consists of the company's financial statements for the last two years, including the income statement, balance sheet, and cash flow statement. Through the analysis of financial ratios, this study seeks to assess the effectiveness and efficiency of the company’s financial resource management and provide an overview of its strengths and weaknesses in financial aspects. The findings indicate that the company experienced fluctuations in financial performance, with some ratios showing improvement, while others exhibited a decline that requires further attention. Based on these findings, it is recommended that the company improve liquidity management and optimize its financing structure to support future financial stability.

The implementation of the Elektronik Barang Milik Daerah (e-BMD) system is crucial for improving the management and financial reporting of regional government assets. This study examines the effectiveness of e-BMD at the Badan Pengelola Keuangan dan Aset Daerah (BPKAD) of Sikka Regency in preparing financial reports, particularly for fixed and current assets. Using qualitative methods, data were collected through interviews, observation, and document analysis. The results show that e-BMD significantly enhances efficiency, accuracy, and accountability in asset management, although technical and resource limitations remain challenges. Recommendations include training enhancement and system optimization to improve performance.

This study examines the effective role played by corporate governance in promoting e-marketing strategies, through an applied study conducted on Al-Rasheed Bank - Palestine Street Branch. In light of the rapid developments in the digital field, organizations are increasingly relying on e-marketing tools to improve their performance, making it necessary to apply governance principles to ensure the highest levels of efficiency, transparency, and credibility. The study aims to illustrate how governance can contribute to improving the performance of e-marketing in financial institutions, With a focus on Al-Rasheed Bank as an applied model. The study seeks to achieve several objectives, including analyzing the impact of governance mechanisms on e-marketing strategies, and knowing the extent to which the application of governance is related to achieving institutional goals and improving marketing efficiency. It also aims to study how governance contributes to building a transparent and secure relationship between the organization and its customers, which enhances loyalty and expands the customer base. In addition, the study highlights the challenges that organizations may face in applying governance to e-marketing and proposes solutions to address them. The study showed that there is a strong relationship between corporate governance and e-marketing, as governance helps in defining the goals and vision of the organization, which ensures that e-marketing strategies are compatible with the general directions of the organization. Enhancing transparency and accountability also contributes to building customers' trust in the organization, which increases their positive interaction with its marketing strategies. Moreover, governance helps ensure compliance with legal and ethical standards, which enhances the organization's reputation in the market and reduces the legal risks it may face. The study relied on the descriptive and analytical approach to analyze the relationship between governance and e-marketing, with a focus on data related to Al-Rasheed Bank - Palestine Street Branch. A simple random sample of 50 employees from different departments within the bank was selected. Statistical analysis was also used to measure the impact of governance on the efficiency of e-marketing within the organization. The results of the study showed that 84% of employees believe that corporate governance plays a key role in the success of digital marketing campaigns, reflecting a broad awareness of the importance of regulatory frameworks and corporate policies in guiding digital marketing operations. 73% of employees also confirmed that there are clear governance policies within the bank, which enhances confidence in the corporate system. With regard to customer trust, 79% of employees indicated that governance contributes to improving the level of trust in the electronic services provided by the bank, while 73% of them believe that governance positively affects the process of strategic decision-making in e-marketing. Also, 71% of employees reported that there is an effective system to monitor the performance of digital marketing campaigns, which helps to evaluate performance and improve strategies based on the results achieved. However, the study noted that there are some challenges facing the implementation of governance in the field of e-marketing. 33% of employees indicated that there is a lack of regular training programs on governance practices, which may negatively affect the effectiveness of their implementation. 38% of respondents also showed weakness in the mechanisms for evaluating the effectiveness of governance in improving e-marketing. In addition, 45% of employees indicated that there are gaps in communication between the governance department and the e-marketing department, which calls for improving channels Communication to ensure the integration of efforts between different departments. Based on these results, the study provided a set of recommendations aimed at improving the application of governance in e-marketing. Among these recommendations is the need to organize training workshops to familiarize employees with governance practices and their importance in improving marketing performance. The study also recommended the use of key performance indicators (KPIs) to conduct periodic evaluations and improve marketing strategies based on the results of these evaluations. In addition, the study stressed the importance of strengthening coordination between governance and e-marketing departments to ensure the integration of efforts and achieve Better results. It also recommended updating governance policies to keep pace with developments in the field of e-marketing, in order to contribute to supporting innovation and creativity in digital marketing strategies. In conclusion, the study confirmed that corporate governance plays a vital role in improving the efficiency of e-marketing, which contributes to enhancing customer confidence, achieving regulatory compliance, and increasing the effectiveness of marketing campaigns in financial institutions, especially in Rasheed Bank. She also stressed the importance of developing periodic training and evaluation strategies to ensure the optimal application of governance principles, in a way that enhances the performance of institutions in the changing digital environment.

research with the title Analysis of Financial Performance in Langir Village in 2022 and 2023. The aim of this research is to determine the performance of the Langir Village Government for the 2022 and 2024 fiscal years based on the decentralization ratio, Independence Ratio, Dependency Ratio, and Expenditure Effectiveness Ratio. The analytical method used is a qualitative approach. The research results show that the financial performance of the Langir Village Government for the 2022 and 2023 budget years based on the Decentralization ratio is still very low, the financial independence ratio is still very low, the dependency ratio shows that the level of dependence on the central and provincial governments is still very high, while based on the efficiency ratio it is still less efficient. This is caused by delays in signing and spending is still greater than income.

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of green accounting, operational efficiency, and marketing effectiveness on financial performance in mining companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in 2021-2023. This study uses a quantitative method based on annual financial report data and annual reports for 3 years (2021-2023) from Mining Companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). The research sample includes 83 companies with a total of 249 observation data for (3) periods. Data analysis was carried out using Eviews 12 software with the Multiple Regression Analysis method based on panel data with the Common Effect Model (CEM) method. The results of the study show that Green Accounting has a positive and significant effect on financial performance. Conversely, Operational Efficiency does not have a significant effect on financial performance, while Marketing Effectiveness has a positive and significant effect on financial performance.

This study aims to compare the performance of PT Metro Healthcare Indonesia, PT Kalbe Farma Tbk, PT Indocement Tunggal Prakarsa Tbk, PT Siloam International Hospitals Tbk, and PT Hetzer Medical Indonesia Tbk. The focus of the research is the analysis of financial and operational performance to provide an in-depth understanding of the companies' competitiveness and efficiency within their respective sectors. The study employs a quantitative method with a descriptive-comparative approach. Secondary data were collected from the annual financial reports of each company over a specific period. The analysis was conducted using key financial ratios such as Return on Equity (ROE), Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), and Current Ratio (CR). Additionally, an operational performance trend analysis was performed to understand the comparative effectiveness of the companies in resource management. The results of the analysis indicate significant differences in financial performance between companies operating in the healthcare sector (PT Metro Healthcare Indonesia, PT Kalbe Farma Tbk, PT Siloam International Hospitals Tbk, and PT Hetzer Medical Indonesia Tbk) and those in the building materials sector (PT Indocement Tunggal Prakarsa Tbk). Companies in the healthcare sector tend to have higher profitability ratios compared to those in the building materials sector, although there are variations in debt and asset management efficiency. These performance differences can be attributed to underlying industry factors such as market demand, levels of innovation, and government policies. Companies in the healthcare sector benefit from growth driven by increasing public demand for healthcare services. In contrast, the building materials sector is more vulnerable to economic fluctuations and infrastructure investments. This study concludes that industry sectors and business models have a significant impact on companies' financial performance. Healthcare sector companies demonstrate more stable and promising performance compared to the building materials sector. This study is expected to provide insights for investors in selecting suitable investment portfolios.