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The study aims to analyze the role of digital media as a distracting factor affecting the faith loyalty of Catholic adolescents in their relationship with God amid religious pluralism in Indonesia. The development of digital media has transformed how adolescents understand, express, and live out their faith, while simultaneously presenting both opportunities and ambivalent challenges. This research employs a qualitative approach using a library research method, analyzing various theological, sociological sources, and Church documents. The findings indicate that digital media can serve as a broad and participatory space for expressing faith, but it also has the potential to create distractions in three main dimensions: cognitive, affective, and practical. Cognitively, adolescents experience confusion in understanding faith teachings due to the diversity of information available. Affectively, there is a shift in orientation from a relationship with God toward the pursuit of emotional gratification in digital spaces. Practically, there is a decline in engagement in concrete religious practices. Within the context of religious pluralism, this complexity intensifies and influences the formation of adolescents’ faith identity. This study also finds that digital media does not only have negative impacts but also holds positive potential as a means of deepening faith when used critically and reflectively. Therefore, the role of the Church is essential through contextual, dialogical, and integrative pastoral accompaniment combined with critical digital literacy. Through this approach, adolescents are expected to integrate their digital experiences into a more mature, authentic faith life rooted in a deeper relationship with God.

Sleep duration and sleep quality are essential physiological needs that play a significant role in the emotional and behavioral development of children aged 3–6 years. Adequate sleep supports brain development, cognitive functioning, emotional regulation, and social interaction skills in early childhood. Conversely, poor sleep duration and low sleep quality may negatively affect children’s attention, mood stability, and ability to interact socially with peers and caregivers. This article is a literature review using a systematic review approach that analyzes 10 scientific articles published between 2016–2026 to evaluate the relationship between sleep duration and sleep quality with emotional and behavioral problems in preschool children. The article selection process followed the PRISMA flow diagram, with articles sourced from Google Scholar, PubMed, and ScienceDirect databases. The findings consistently indicate that inadequate sleep duration and poor sleep quality are associated with increased emotional and behavioral problems, including hyperactivity, anxiety, emotional dysregulation, and difficulties in social interaction among children. Furthermore, sleep disturbances were found to negatively influence children’s emotional self-regulation abilities, which are crucial for adaptive behavior. Therefore, ensuring adequate sleep duration and improving sleep quality are important strategies to support optimal emotional and behavioral development in preschool-aged children.

The Tandak Timang tradition in Batu Badinding Village, Central Katingan District, plays an important role in fostering the faith of children aged 1-5 years, which is carried out by parents. From an early age, children are introduced to faith values through Tandak Timang verses that contain advice, prayers, and praise to God. This study aims to (1) describe the role of parents in fostering the faith of children aged 1-5 years through the Tandak Timang tradition in Batu Badinding Village, Central Katingan District; and (2) describe the values implemented by parents for children aged 1-5 years in Batu Badinding Village, Central Katingan District. The research used a qualitative descriptive method with data collection techniques including observation, interviews, and documentation.The results show that Tandak Timang plays a significant role in shaping children's spiritual foundation. Parents' roles are manifested through daily practices, such as singing, storytelling, and rocking children while chanting verses in the Dayak Ngaju language. This practice not only builds strong emotional bonds but also serves as an effective medium for instilling noble values. These values include cultural values, moral and ethical values, ancestral values, and spiritual values that teach children about the importance of prayer and hope in God.The conclusion of this study is that parents act not only as cultural inheritors but also as educators, role models, and facilitators. They utilize intimate moments when putting children to sleep—through singing, storytelling, and rocking—to instill faith values. The strong physical and emotional interaction builds a solid bond, making it easier for children to accept and internalize a deep understanding of the teachings conveyed. The Tandak Timang tradition is rich in noble values that serve as the foundation for faith formation. These values include cultural values, moral and ethical values, ancestral values, and spiritual values. The suggestions put forward are that parents should further understand the meaning of Tandak Timang for fostering children's faith from an early age, and pass on and preserve the character of children through this Central Kalimantan Dayak culture. For subsequent researchers conducting similar studies, it is recommended to develop the research objectives and focus more specifically on the research topics.

This study discusses the practice of morning prayer as a form of lived religion within the school culture of a public elementary school. Morning prayer is understood not only as a formal religious activity, but also as a daily ritual that shapes students’ emotional experiences, religious habits, and social interactions. This study aims to explain the empirical practice of morning prayer, the social relationships formed through it, and its implications for religious education and school culture. The research employs a qualitative approach using school ethnography methods. Data were collected through observations, interviews with the principal, Islamic Religious Education (PAI) teachers, classroom teachers, and students, as well as documentation of the school’s religious activities. The findings show that students participate in morning prayer routinely every day before lessons begin, followed by the collective recitation of short surahs from Juz 30. The daily practice of morning prayer gradually becomes a habit for students in starting their learning activities, both at school and at home. Teachers perceive morning prayer as an opening activity for learning, as well as a means of fostering emotional calmness, discipline, and students’ religious character. Students also reported feeling calmer, happier, and more prepared to learn after praying. In addition, the presence of Juz Amma books, Asmaul Husna texts, the school prayer room (mushola), and the habituation of congregational dhuha prayer indicate the institutionalization of a religious culture within the school, even though these practices are not yet fully included in the official schedule. The findings indicate that morning prayer has become part of students’ daily school experience. Through routine collective prayer activities, students gradually develop emotional readiness, discipline, and religious habits before learning begins.

The World Health Organization (WHO) states that mental health issues frequently arise during late childhood and early adolescence. Adolescence is  a transitional phase marked by physical, emotional, and social changes, which can impact an individual's psychological well-being. Data from the 2022 Indonesia-National Adolescent Mental Health Survey (I-NAMHS) showed that approximately 15.5 million adolescents (34.9%) experienced mental health problems, while 2.45 million adolescents (5.5%) were identified as having mental disorders. This confirms that adolescent mental health is an issue that requires serious attention. This study aimed to determine the mental health status of adolescents at SMA Negeri 1 Sokaraja. The research method used a quantitative descriptive design with a cross-sectional approach. The population included all 12th-grade students at SMA Negeri 1 Sokaraja, with 188 students selected as samples using a proportional random sampling technique. Data collection was conducted using the Mental Health Inventory (MHI-38) questionnaire and was analyzed using univariate analysis. The results of the study showed that the majority of respondents were in the good category, amounting to 114 (60.6%). Based on gender characteristics, the majority of respondents were female, amounting to 110 (58.5%), while based on residential status, most respondents lived with their parents/family, amounting to 187 (99.5%). These findings indicated that, in general, the mental health of adolescents at SMA Negeri 1 Sokaraja was in a fairly good condition.

The World Health Organization (WHO) states that mental health issues frequently arise during late childhood and early adolescence. Adolescence is  a transitional phase marked by physical, emotional, and social changes, which can impact an individual's psychological well-being. Data from the 2022 Indonesia-National Adolescent Mental Health Survey (I-NAMHS) showed that approximately 15.5 million adolescents (34.9%) experienced mental health problems, while 2.45 million adolescents (5.5%) were identified as having mental disorders. This confirms that adolescent mental health is an issue that requires serious attention. This study aimed to determine the mental health status of adolescents at SMA Negeri 1 Sokaraja. The research method used a quantitative descriptive design with a cross-sectional approach. The population included all 12th-grade students at SMA Negeri 1 Sokaraja, with 188 students selected as samples using a proportional random sampling technique. Data collection was conducted using the Mental Health Inventory (MHI-38) questionnaire and was analyzed using univariate analysis. The results of the study showed that the majority of respondents were in the good category, amounting to 114 (60.6%). Based on gender characteristics, the majority of respondents were female, amounting to 110 (58.5%), while based on residential status, most respondents lived with their parents/family, amounting to 187 (99.5%). These findings indicated that, in general, the mental health of adolescents at SMA Negeri 1 Sokaraja was in a fairly good condition.

An appropriate strategy has become a crucial factor for Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in maintaining customer loyalty. This study focuses on analyzing the implementation of marketing communication strategies adopted by Nasi Goreng Barokah Jaya, an MSME located in Cikampek, to retain its loyal customers. This study employed a descriptive qualitative approach based on the 7P Marketing Mix theory developed by Kotler and Keller (2016). Data were collected through in-depth interviews, field observations, and documentation involving the business owner, employees, and loyal customers. The data were subsequently analyzed using the Miles and Huberman interactive model, while data validity was ensured through triangulation. The findings reveal that direct interaction, responsive and friendly service, word-of-mouth promotional activities, and personalized approaches serve as the main pillars in building customer loyalty. Customer loyalty is significantly influenced by product quality, price affordability, service reliability, and the emotional bond established between the business and its customers. These findings confirm that simple yet consistently implemented marketing communication strategies are effective in maintaining a loyal customer base in the culinary MSME sector.

Women who simultaneously assume dual roles as employees and household managers face complex social and structural pressures, particularly in urban areas such as Dago Subdistrict, Bandung City. Spousal social support serves as a crucial factor in sustaining the continuity of these dual roles. This study aims to identify the forms and intensity of social support provided by husbands to their wives within the context of dual-role management. A descriptive survey was conducted involving 50 married working women, selected through a two-stage cluster random sampling technique across five neighborhood units (RW), complemented by in-depth interviews with five husband–wife pairs using purposive sampling. The findings indicate that most husbands provide a high level of social support, encompassing emotional, instrumental, informational, and appraisal dimensions. Such support plays a significant role in reducing role conflict, strengthening psychological resilience, and enhancing women’s adaptive capacity in balancing domestic and public responsibilities. In conclusion, the active involvement of husbands reflects a shift toward a more egalitarian household partnership model, contributing to well-being and fostering family resilience.

This study analyzes the formation of a digital brand community through Persib Bandung fan interactions on social media. The research aims to examine how content distribution, message functions, and engagement patterns contribute to the construction of collective identity and digital rituals among supporters. Using a qualitative-interpretative content analysis supported by quantitative descriptive data, this study analyzes 418 posts published on Persib Bandung's official Instagram, TikTok, Facebook, X/Twitter, and YouTube accounts from November 27 to December 10, 2025. The findings reveal that Persib Bandung generated 29,543,663 total interactions, with Instagram and TikTok emerging as the most affective platforms for engagement. Non-match content (41.4%) and emotional or motivational messages (40.2%) dominate communication. Despite high public engagement, no evidence of two-way talkback from the official account was found, indicating a predominantly one-way communication model. The study concludes that Bobotoh function as a digital brand community characterized by collective identity, digital rituals, loyalty, symbolic ownership, and co-creation of brand meaning through measurable public interactions. This research contributes to the understanding of sports communication and digital brand communities in emerging football markets.

The development of artificial intelligence (AI) has fundamentally transformed digital marketing communication, while emerging as a strategic instrument in public relations practices of global corporations. This study aims to examine the construction of meaning around artificial intelligence as a financial solution within the cultural context of Lebaran, while analyzing the PR communication strategy employed by Google Indonesia in building persuasive messages for its public on digital platforms. The research object is a video advertisement posted on the official Instagram account @googleindonesia on March 7, 2025, promoting the Gemini Canvas feature for managing Tunjangan Hari Raya (THR) budgets. This study employs a descriptive qualitative approach with an interpretive paradigm, integrating two complementary analytical perspectives: first, Roland Barthes three-level semiotic analysis — denotation, connotation, and myth — to deconstruct meaning constructed through visual, verbal, and auditory signs in the advertisement; second, the PR communication strategy framework from Smith (2021) to identify how the choices of mascot, emotional message, and cultural appeal represent strategically planned communication decisions by Google Indonesia. The findings reveal that Google Indonesia constructs Gemini Canvas as an empathetic and culturally aware entity through three key elements: anthropomorphic symbolism in the form of a bespectacled cat functioning as brand mascot, local cultural markers of ketupat and THR, and Arabic-nuanced music that aurally reinforces the Lebaran atmosphere — all representing deliberate strategic PR decisions. From Smith’s (2021) perspective, the advertisement applies a proactive communication strategy combining negative emotional appeal — financial anxiety ahead of THR — immediately followed by positive emotional appeal as a concrete solution through Gemini Canvas, representing a structured form of public perception shaping. At the myth level, the advertisement normalizes reliance on digital platforms through systematic cultural localization. This study contributes to understanding AI-based digital marketing communication strategies and the shaping of public perception on AI technology by global corporations in the Indonesian market.  

Contemporary Javanese music, particularly Campursari, blends traditional gamelan instruments with modern genres such as pop, dangdut, and keroncong. This hybrid style has gained popularity among Millennials and Generation Z, who often perceive it as familiar, calming, and emotionally comforting. This study examines whether listening to contemporary Javanese music influences the sleep quality of Generation Z in Yogyakarta. A quantitative research approach was employed using a survey distributed through Google Forms to 50 participants aged 19–26 years. The questionnaire measured listening frequency, emotional responses to the music, and perceived sleep quality using a Likert scale. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS with descriptive statistics, including the Kolmogorov–Smirnov normality test, linear regression, and tests for heteroscedasticity and multicollinearity. The results indicate a positive relationship between listening to contemporary Javanese music and improved sleep quality. The familiar and emotionally soothing characteristics of Campursari appear to help listeners relax and reduce stress before sleep. These findings suggest that culturally rooted music may serve as a simple, non-pharmacological approach to supporting better sleep and emotional well-being among young adults..  

This study was motivated by the phenomenon of increasing anti-feminism and digital misogyny in Germany, where constitutionally guaranteed equality has suffered a practical setback in the form of a decline in female representation in the Bundestag to 32,4%. This situation has triggered an urgent need for persuasive communication through state addresses. This study aims to analyze the emotional rhetoric (pathos) and intonation strategies in the Ansprache zum Welt-Frauentag in order to raise audience awareness. The method used is a mixed method of qualitative analysis of rhetoric by Aristoteles (2007) and quantitative digital acoustic analysis using Praat software supported theory by Kohler (1995). The data for this analysis are transcripts and audio recordings of the Ansprache zum Welt-Frauentag delivered by Bundespräsident Steinmeier. The results of the study identified three typologies of relationships between diction and intonation, namely contradiction, in which emotional diction is delivered in a flat tone to maintain objectivity; compensation, in which neutral legal references are given emotional weight through a rise in tone (late peak); and parallelism, which is the harmony between emotional diction and the highest voice frequency to build strong authority. Thus, this study confirms that the effectiveness of persuasion in a speech does not only depend on the text, but also on the flexibility of manipulating voice frequency, which strategically functions as an instrument for navigating the audience’s emotions.

Nurse workload is the total number or volume of tasks that must be completed by nurses during their professional practice in hospitals, including both physical and mental responsibilities in providing nursing care to patients. Meanwhile, nurse burnout is a condition of emotional and mental fatigue experienced by nurses due to prolonged work pressure and the high intensity of emotional demands in the hospital environment. However, workload problems are still commonly found in hospitals, with one of the main contributing factors being work stress caused by excessive job demands and continuous pressure during work activities. The population in this study were outpatient, inpatient and emergency nurses at Ibnu Sina Islamic Hospital, Bukittinggi in 2025 This study used a quantitative method with a cross-sectional approach, analyzing the relationship between one variable and another. This study had 130 samples consisting of outpatient nurses, inpatient nurses, and emergency room nurses. Sampling was carried out using a total sampling technique. The results of this study indicate a significant relationship between workload and burnout at a significance level of 0.00 (≤ 0.05). There is a significant relationship between workload and nurse fatigue at Ibnu Sina Islamic Hospital Bukittinggi in 2025.

This study aims to examine the effectiveness of assertive communication techniques in cross-cultural counseling for reducing avoidance behavior among students experiencing interpersonal friendship conflicts. Cultural differences between counselors and clients may influence communication patterns, emotional expression, and conflict resolution processes during counseling sessions. Friendship conflicts among university students commonly arise from jealousy, misunderstanding, social comparison, and ineffective interpersonal communication. These conditions often encourage students to avoid direct interaction to prevent further conflict. This study employed an experimental method using a One Group Pretest-Posttest Design. The participants were students who experienced friendship conflicts and demonstrated avoidance behavior tendencies. Data were collected through counseling individual. The intervention was delivered through counseling sessions that used assertive communication techniques and combined behavioral and humanistic approaches in a cross-cultural counseling setting. The findings revealed that assertive communication techniques were effective in reducing students’ avoidance behavior. After receiving the intervention, participants demonstrated greater confidence in expressing opinions, improved emotional regulation, increased openness in communication, and healthier interpersonal relationships. The study indicates that assertive communication in cross-cultural counseling can serve as an effective counseling strategy to help students manage interpersonal conflicts and improve social adjustment in higher education environments.

This study aims to analyze the dynamics of adolescent love conflict in the film One Fine Day (2018), directed by Asep Kusdinar, through the lens of Sigmund Freud's psychoanalysis. The main focus of the study is the interaction of the three personality structures: the Id, Ego, and Superego, which shape the main characters' decision-making and behavior when facing romantic dilemmas. Using qualitative research methods with A content analysis approach, this study highlights how the characters Mahesa and Alana experience tension between impulsive drives (Id), demands of reality (Ego), and internalized moral norms (Superego). The results of this analysis indicate that the adolescent love conflict in this film is not merely a matter of superficial emotions, but rather a reflection of psychological struggles in the process of searching for identity. The film effectively visualizes how its characters negotiate desires, social rules, and moral principles, ultimately leading to character growth and emotional maturity. This study confirms the relevance of Freud's theory in understanding the psychological complexity of young people, especially as represented through cinema. 

Effective communication is an important element in the early childhood learning process because it plays a significant role in children’s social, emotional, and cognitive development. This study aims to determine the influence of teachers’ roles in developing effective communication among early childhood children aged 4–5 years at TK Damhil, Kota Selatan, Gorontalo Province. The research used a quantitative method with a descriptive research design. The research subjects consisted of 5 children aged 4–5 years selected through purposive sampling techniques. Data collection techniques were carried out through direct observation of children’s communication activities during the learning process. The results showed that the teacher’s role is very important in building effective communication through the use of simple language, responsive attitudes, active listening skills, and the use of verbal and nonverbal communication that is appropriate to children’s developmental characteristics. The implementation of effective communication was proven to improve children’s self-confidence, social interaction skills, and readiness to face formal education. Therefore, effective communication applied by teachers provides a positive contribution to optimizing early childhood development.

The rapid development of globalization has significantly influenced modern education systems, requiring not only the advancement of knowledge but also the strengthening of moral and spiritual values. This study aims to analyze the integration of Islamic values within modern education systems in the era of globalization. The research employs a qualitative approach with a library research method, utilizing various academic sources such as books, journals, and relevant documents. Data are collected through documentation techniques and analyzed using content analysis to interpret and synthesize existing theories and findings. The results indicate that the integration of Islamic values can be effectively implemented through curriculum development, teaching methods, digital technology utilization, and the role of educators as value transmitters. Furthermore, the study reveals that a holistic and systematic integration approach is essential to balance intellectual, emotional, and spiritual development in learners. The implications of this research highlight the importance of developing an integrative education model that aligns Islamic principles with modern scientific and technological advancements, in order to produce individuals who are not only academically competent but also possess strong moral character in facing global challenges.

The rapid growth of digital technology and social media has reshaped communication practices, consumer behavior, and marketing approaches, particularly among Generation Z, who are widely recognized as digital natives. For this generation, social media serves as a major channel for obtaining information and exploring product references before making purchase decisions. In this environment, influencer marketing has emerged as a prominent promotional approach because it can foster audience interaction, emotional connection, and trust more effectively than conventional advertising. This study examines the role of influencer marketing in shaping the digital behavior of Generation Z in Indonesia. A qualitative literature review method was employed by analyzing secondary sources drawn from academic journals, books, and related publications. The findings indicate that influencer marketing has a meaningful influence on information-seeking behavior, decision-making processes, and the level of digital engagement among Generation Z. Influencers are commonly viewed as more credible, relatable, and authentic sources of information. Furthermore, the effectiveness of influencer marketing is determined more by credibility, authenticity, and the quality of interaction than by follower count alone. These findings suggest that companies should adopt digital marketing strategies that are more interactive, personalized, and relationship-oriented in order to engage Generation Z more effectively.

Teenage students in secondary school face a critical period in making career decisions, but many of them experience confusion and anxiety during this phase. This study aims to explore how self-efficacy and family support influence career decision-making among high school students or their equivalents. Qualitative research methods were used through a literature review, collecting data from various sources including journals, scientific studies, and related books. The results of the study show that self-efficacy significantly increases students' maturity and clarity in choosing their career paths. In addition, family support, both emotional and practical, plays an important role in increasing students' confidence and determination in choosing a career. The interaction between internal elements (self-efficacy) and external factors (family support) greatly influences the career decision-making process. This study highlights the importance of collaboration between schools and families in providing career guidance, social skills development, and effective communication so that students can make appropriate and realistic career decisions in line with their abilities and the demands of the job market. Students' willingness is shaped by internal influences such as self-efficacy and external influences such as family support. This study is important for understanding the role of these two factors in the career decision-making of high school students.

This study endeavors to elucidate the application of educational videos pertaining to Heroes' Day in fostering the social communication competencies of early childhood learners at Kindergarten 001 Bunguran Timur Laut. Social communication skills are essential for young children as they support language development, social interaction, emotional expression, and the ability to build positive relationships with others. Therefore, educators are encouraged to utilize innovative and engaging learning media that can effectively stimulate children's communication abilities. The methodological framework employed in this investigation was qualitative in nature, utilizing a descriptive approach. The participant cohort comprised 15 children from Group B, aged between 5–6 years. Data were gathered through systematic observation, structured interviews, and comprehensive documentation to obtain a thorough understanding of the learning process and its outcomes. The findings revealed that the integration of educational videos concerning Heroes' Day facilitated the development of social communication skills among children, including verbal expression, responsive inquiry, collaborative engagement, and interactive discourse with peers and educators. The participants demonstrated heightened enthusiasm, greater confidence in expressing their opinions, and increased active participation throughout the instructional sequence. Moreover, the visual and auditory elements of the videos helped children better understand the learning material and encouraged meaningful discussions. Consequently, educational videos pertaining to Heroes' Day may serve as an effective pedagogical medium for nurturing the social communication competencies of early childhood learners at Kindergarten 001 Bunguran Timur Laut.