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Menstrual stress is a common reproductive health problem among adolescent girls, which can interfere with learning activities, concentration, and overall quality of life. This community service activity aimed to improve the ability of female students to manage menstrual stress through education and practice of deep breathing techniques at SMPN 2 Rambutan, Banyuasin Regency. The activity used a one-group pretest–posttest pre-experimental design involving 30 female students who had experienced menstruation. Health education was delivered through interactive lectures, discussions, and practical demonstrations of deep breathing techniques, while evaluation was conducted using pre-test and post-test questionnaires on menstrual stress levels. The results showed a reduction in menstrual stress, with most participants shifting from moderate stress before education to mild stress after the intervention. These findings indicate that deep breathing techniques are effective in helping students independently manage menstrual stress. Therefore, health education combined with practical deep breathing exercises is recommended to be implemented continuously in schools as a promotive and preventive strategy for adolescent reproductive health.

Menstrual stress is a common reproductive health problem among adolescent girls, which can interfere with learning activities, concentration, and overall quality of life. This community service activity aimed to improve the ability of female students to manage menstrual stress through education and practice of deep breathing techniques at SMPN 2 Rambutan, Banyuasin Regency. The activity used a one-group pretest–posttest pre-experimental design involving 30 female students who had experienced menstruation. Health education was delivered through interactive lectures, discussions, and practical demonstrations of deep breathing techniques, while evaluation was conducted using pre-test and post-test questionnaires on menstrual stress levels. The results showed a reduction in menstrual stress, with most participants shifting from moderate stress before education to mild stress after the intervention. These findings indicate that deep breathing techniques are effective in helping students independently manage menstrual stress. Therefore, health education combined with practical deep breathing exercises is recommended to be implemented continuously in schools as a promotive and preventive strategy for adolescent reproductive health.

This study discusses the opportunities for the development of Islamic education from the perspective of solutions offered by the philosophy of science in the era of technological advancement. Islamic educational institutions are confronted with complex problems that cannot always be resolved independently. The philosophy of science offers several solutions on how to address the challenges commonly faced by educational institutions. Often, educational institutions focus excessively on analyzing the challenges or problems they encounter, whereas there are other aspects that can be utilized as supporting factors for the development of Islamic education, namely by examining existing opportunities and implementing them effectively. This research employs a literature review method with a qualitative approach, complemented by case study analysis across various educational institutions. Many Islamic educational institutions, both formal and non-formal, have utilized opportunities as a primary strategy for developing Islamic education. Various solutions are proposed, including curriculum integration, strengthening institutional organizational structures, improving human resources as well as facilities and infrastructure, and presenting innovative ideas implemented by institutions in developing Islamic education.

This study is motivated by the importance of financial and asset management strategies in supporting the operational effectiveness of the Regional Disaster Management Agency (BPBD) of Central Sulawesi, which plays a strategic role in disaster mitigation, preparedness, emergency response, and post-disaster recovery. The main problems addressed are how financial and asset management strategies are implemented, to what extent they affect operational effectiveness. The objectives of this research are to analyze the applied strategies, assess their influence on operational effectiveness, and identify challenges as well as relevant solutions.The literature review refers to public financial management theories, regional asset management, and previous studies highlighting the relationship between financial governance, accountability, and public sector performance. This study employs a quantitative approach with a descriptive design. Data were collected through literature study, observation, interviews, and questionnaires distributed to BPBD staff in finance and asset divisions. The analysis included validity and reliability tests, along with multiple linear regression to examine the effect of independent variables on operational effectiveness. The findings show that BPBD Central Sulawesi’s financial management strategy in 2024 achieved a realization rate of 89–100% in most programs, although imbalances were found in certain activities such as the disaster management system arrangement, which only reached 38%. In terms of asset management, fixed assets dominate with a book value of IDR 19.6 billion, with significant growth in equipment and machinery. Regression analysis results indicate an R² value of 0.817, meaning that 81.7% of operational effectiveness is influenced by financial and asset management strategies, while the remaining 18.3% is explained by other factors.The study concludes that financial and asset management strategies significantly affect BPBD’s operational effectiveness. Nevertheless, challenges such as limited human resources, inadequate information systems, and discrepancies in budget realization require solutions through capacity building, technology utilization, and improved planning mechanisms to optimize disaster management effectiveness.

Stunting is a chronic nutritional problem that is still prevalent in the community and has long-term impacts on physical growth, cognitive development, and the quality of human resources. One effort to prevent stunting is through a community service-based nutrition education program. This activity aims to analyze the implementation of a nutrition education program as a stunting prevention effort in Pasar Rawa Village, Gebang District, Langkat Regency, North Sumatra. The method used was a descriptive qualitative approach with a community service approach. The target group included PKK mothers and local mothers with toddlers. The activity was carried out through the delivery of balanced nutrition education materials, an introduction to stunting, and a discussion and question-and-answer session. The results of the activity showed active participant participation and increased awareness of the importance of fulfilling children's nutritional needs. However, some mothers still did not fully understand the concept of stunting, and some toddlers still experienced stunting. Therefore, nutrition education needs to be carried out sustainably and integrated with other health programs.

The strategic role of SMEs in the Indonesian economy and the phenomena of declining performance as a result of the Covid-19 pandemic motivated author to research this sector. Various internal problems make it difficult for SMEs to improve their performance and competitiveness in a competitive business environment. Using the dynamic capability perspective, this study examines the influence of human resource configuration through employee training and organizational culture which is able to encourage innovation that improves SME performance. This study uses purposive sampling technique and data collection is done through questionnaires and interviews with 122 SMEs in East Java. Data analysis is carried out using PLS SEM. The research results show that employee training does not have a direct effect on SME performance, however employee training is able to encourage innovation which has an impact on improving SME performance On the other hand, organizational culture has a significant direct and indirect effect on SME performance trough innovation. Results of this study can be used as a consideration by SME owners in making business decisions in order to improve their performance. From the theoretical side, the results of this study confirm the dynamic capability theory by Teece and Pisano regarding the key role of innovation and Becker's opinion from a human resource management perspective which states that employee training must be designed systematically according to the long-term needs of the organization in order to have an impact on improving organizational performance.

In this era of ongoing digitalization, the use of information technology in records management is becoming increasingly crucial to ensure work efficiency and effectiveness. This study aims to examine the implementation of a dynamic archive storage system in the General Ledger Accounting Division of PT KPN Plantation. Specifically, this study identifies the obstacles encountered and analyzes the efforts made to overcome these challenges. Using a qualitative approach, primary data was collected through observation, interviews, and documentation studies with informants from General Ledger Accounting employees. Data analysis was carried out through a series of processes, including data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results of the study show that although the stages of archive management have been carried out systematically through a combination of physical procedures and digitization using E-Archive, its implementation still faces significant obstacles. The problems identified include managerial aspects such as high transaction volumes that cause document backlogs and space limitations, technical aspects such as the instability of the E-Archive system, and limited human resources with expertise in archiving. Collectively, these obstacles reduce the effectiveness and efficiency of the system, requiring a comprehensive and integrated improvement strategy to achieve reliable and sustainable archive management

This research has a crucial objective to facilitate primary school (SD) teachers so they are able to effectively and efficiently integrate and present Social Studies (IPS) material enriched with the content of local wisdom. Local wisdom is defined as a treasure inherited through generations, encompassing in-depth knowledge, real practices, and fundamental values that have developed and been firmly held within the local community. This foundation makes the learning process not only informative but also highly relevant and meaningful for students’ lives. This article specifically highlights that the integration of values, culture, and knowledge sourced from the local area can produce significant positive impacts. These impacts include improving students' conceptual understanding of Social Studies material, fostering their active participation in the classroom, and honing essential critical thinking skills. Teachers are encouraged to use a contextual approach or a real-life-based approach, so the material taught feels close to the students' experiences and is easier to grasp. The values embedded in local wisdom will function as a strong bridge in understanding every material concept. Thus, the knowledge acquired by students does not only stop at the cognitive level (merely theoretical knowledge), but can also be implemented concretely in the form of real actions and behavior outside the school environment. This local wisdom-based learning approach will ultimately become an important connection that guides students to act appropriately, ethically, and solution-oriented in responding to various problems they face in their daily lives.

The creative economy industry serves as a strategic pillar of the national economy, experiencing significant transformation in the digital era. This study aims to comprehensively analyze the pattern of human resource (HR) competency gaps within priority subsectors of Indonesia's creative economy and formulate effective, multi-stakeholder development strategies. Employing a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) methodology, this research rigorously analyzes 30 scientific journal articles, government reports, and publications from global institutions published between 2014 and 2024. The findings delineate three primary clusters of competency gaps: (1) The Digital-Technical Competency Gap, encompassing deficiencies in data analytics, specialized software mastery, and digital content creation tools; (2) The Digital-Business Competency Gap, which includes shortcomings in digital financial literacy, online business model development, and management of digital intellectual property rights; and (3) The Social-Cognitive Competency Gap, highlighting needs in adaptability, complex problem-solving, and effective virtual collaboration. In response, this paper proposes an integrative strategic framework grounded in a collaborative multi-stakeholder approach. Key recommendations include revitalizing educational curricula through industry-embedded learning and micro-credential integration, developing agile and accessible training ecosystems featuring bootcamps and digital platforms, and fostering supportive policies through fiscal incentives and the alignment of national qualification frameworks with digital skill standards. The successful implementation of this synergistic strategy is expected to significantly enhance the adaptability, innovation capacity, and global competitiveness of Indonesia's creative workforce, thereby ensuring the sustainable growth of the creative economy sector in the face of rapid digital disruption.

This community service program is entitled Improving Microcontroller Competence of Students of SMK Negeri 3 Pematangsiantar through Arduino Training Based on Industrial Practice and is implemented as a follow-up to the school's official request to invite university practitioners as guest teachers in order to strengthen industry-based vocational learning. The activity was carried out on November 27, 2025 at the Computer Laboratory of SMK Negeri 3 Pematangsiantar involving 50 grade XI students, and guided by Andi Setiadi Manalu, S.Kom., M.Ti as the main instructor of Arduino material which focuses on the introduction of microcontrollers, basic programming, sensor integration, and simple automation project design. The purpose of this activity is to improve students' technical competence in the field of embedded systems while fostering work readiness through real-world practice-based learning experiences. The implementation method uses an experiential learning and project-based learning approach, which combines brief conceptual explanations with direct practice, technical discussions, and problem-based project assignment completion. The evaluation results show an increase in students' understanding of microcontroller functions, programming logic structures, and the ability to connect hardware and software in one work system. In addition, students demonstrated increased motivation, confidence, and interest in industrial technology, as reflected in their active participation during the practicum and their successful independent completion of functional prototypes. Overall, this activity proved effective in strengthening the technical competencies of vocational high school students and supporting the implementation of the link and match policy between vocational education and the needs of the industrial world, while also emphasizing the strategic role of higher education institutions in supporting the improvement of human resource quality at the vocational high school level.

Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) producing bags play an important role in the regional economy, but still face problems in financial management, particularly cash flow planning. The main problem faced by SME partners producing bags in Cipamokolan Village, Rancasari District, Bandung City, is the lack of comprehensive cash flow planning, which has the potential to cause liquidity problems. This community service activity aims to improve the understanding and skills of bag SME  in preparing a simple cash budget and encouraging its sustainable implementation. The methods used include training and mentoring with stages of problem identification, material delivery, cash budget preparation practice, and evaluation. The results of the activity show an increase in partners' understanding of cash planning, their ability to prepare a simple cash budget, and their commitment to implementing a cash budget in their daily business financial management. This activity is expected to improve cash flow control and support the sustainability of bag SME businesses

This study aims to explain the application of normative legal research methods in analyzing corruption in Indonesia. The normative legal research method is used because the main focus of this study lies in the study of laws and regulations, legal doctrine, and court decisions related to corruption. Through this approach, the study highlights how written legal norms are implemented in law enforcement practices, as well as their effectiveness in tackling corruption, which has become a systemic problem in Indonesia. This study also evaluates the role of existing regulations in providing legal protection for the interests of the state and society, and identifies weaknesses in the legal system that are often exploited by perpetrators of corruption to avoid punishment. By focusing on the application of legal norms in enforcing corruption laws, this study also analyzes the development of jurisprudence related to corruption and the contribution of legal doctrine to more effective law enforcement. This study is expected to provide deeper insight into the strengths and weaknesses of the legal system in Indonesia, as well as provide recommendations for improving the judicial system in handling corruption cases. The results of this study are expected to enrich legal studies in Indonesia, especially in the field of criminal law and legislation related to corruption.

Chronic liver disease is a significant health problem and places a significant burden on healthcare services. Deaths from complications of chronic liver disease (cirrhosis and cancer) account for approximately 3.5% of all deaths worldwide each year. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a primary liver tumor, accounting for 90% of all liver tumors. Due to limitations in liver transplantation, liver resection is considered the treatment of choice for HCC patients with a single tumor and sufficient liver function reserve. Liver resection and transplantation are the only curative treatment options available for HCC patients. Surgical procedures require anesthesia. General anesthesia is the preferred method for liver tumor resection. There are five main classes of anesthetic agents: intravenous (IV) anesthetics, inhalational anesthetics, IV sedatives, synthetic opioids, and neuromuscular blocking agents. Estimated health risks depend on the extent or severity of liver disease, the nature and timing of surgery, the type of anesthesia, and other comorbidities.

The Frankfurt School represents one of the most influential traditions of critical thought in the development of twentieth-century social theory and philosophy. This article aims to examine the impact of Frankfurt School thought particularly the ideas of key figures such as Max Horkheimer, Theodor W. Adorno, Herbert Marcuse, and Jürgen Habermas and to analyze the relevance of their ideas within contemporary social contexts. Using a qualitative approach through an extensive literature review, this study examines key concepts such as critical theory, instrumental rationality, and the culture industry, as well as their implications for power relations, advanced capitalism, mass media, and modern democracy. The findings demonstrate that the Frankfurt School’s critique of instrumental rationality and cultural commodification remains highly relevant for understanding contemporary social problems, including digital media dominance, consumerism, and the crisis of the public sphere. This article argues that Frankfurt School thought continues to provide an essential analytical framework for critically engaging with the contradictions of modern and postmodern societies in the era of globalization and digital technology.

This study aims to determine the effect of implementing the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model on student learning outcomes in the Ignition System competency at SMKN 1 Katapang. The background of this study stems from the low understanding of students regarding the ignition system material due to the dominant use of the Teacher-Centered Learning (TCL) model, which tends to make students passive and only memorize concepts without understanding the overall working process. PBL is considered more relevant because it emphasizes real problem-solving, critical thinking, collaboration, and analysis according to constructivist theory. The method used is a quasi-experiment with a Nonequivalent Control Group Design. The research subjects consist of two classes of 11th-grade Light Vehicle Engineering students: an experimental group using the PBL model and a control group using TCL, with a total population of 70 students. Data collection was done through pretests and posttests using a validated multiple-choice objective test instrument. Data analysis includes comparing the learning outcome improvements of both groups to determine the effectiveness of PBL. The results show a more significant improvement in learning outcomes in the class using the PBL model compared to the TCL class. This proves that the implementation of PBL is effective in improving analysis skills and diagnostic skills in the ignition system. Therefore, PBL is recommended as a more suitable teaching model for practice-based subjects in vocational schools, especially in automotive electrical competencies.

Learning is the process of children getting to know knowledge that aims to increase knowledge as a basis for forming behavior. The learning process is carried out so that children experience behavioral changes and gain an overall improvement in knowledge, skills, and attitudes. Learning is very closely related to daily life, therefore it is important for children to learn continuously, one of which is through learning mathematics. Mathematics learning has a very important role in the sustainability of children's education because mathematics is one of the fundamental non-physical tools in the world of education and daily life. Through mathematics learning, children are trained to think logically, systematically, critically, and creatively in solving various problems. In addition, mathematics helps children solve calculation problems that are often encountered in daily activities, such as counting money, measuring length, time, and distance, and interpreting simple data. Mathematics learning also plays a role in developing the ability to reason and make appropriate decisions. Therefore, mathematics learning is a subject that must be followed because it has a great influence on thinking skills, learning independence, and children's readiness to face life challenges and scientific development in the future.

Public relations management is a strategic approach employed by the Ministry of Tourism and Creative Economy (Kemenparekraf) in providing public information related to tourism. This study aims to analyze the public relations management process of Kemenparekraf in disseminating tourism-related public information by using a descriptive qualitative approach and the public relations management theory proposed by Cutlip, Center, and Broom. Research data were obtained through in-depth interviews, literature review, and observation. The results indicate that Kemenparekraf implements the four stages of public relations management comprehensively: defining public relations problems, planning and programming, taking action and communicating, and evaluating the program. Kemenparekraf utilizes various digital and conventional platforms to disseminate tourism information, with an emphasis on transparency, accuracy, and information accessibility. The implementation of the Public Information Disclosure Act is also a major focus, including the provision of information that must be periodically disclosed, immediately announced, and available at all times. Effective public relations management enables Kemenparekraf to address challenges in the dissemination of complex and dynamic tourism information and to ensure equitable access to tourism information for various stakeholders, thereby supporting sustainable tourism development in Indonesia.

The purpose of this community service (PkM) is to provide training on Emotional Management for PKK mothers to increase their understanding of the importance of self-compassion related to emotions so that they can maintain their physical and mental health. This Emotional Management Training is a practical method in managing emotions, such as relaxation techniques, effective communication, and solving daily problems experienced by individuals when interacting with their environment, both family and social environments. PKK mothers RT.02/RW.05, Gemah sub-district, Pedurungan district, are mostly housewives. Emotional management is very necessary so that it does not last long, which in the end can affect the mother's mental health, so that the impact becomes even greater. To prevent these things from happening continuously, the PkM team of the psychology faculty provides assistance to the mothers by holding Emotional Management training which aims to maintain the mothers' mental health from pressures that arise both in the environment and from home. This input made the PkM team want to help find solutions regarding the development of self-skills for mothers through Emotional Management Training. The team's outreach to these mothers resulted in a 40% increase in their understanding of emotional management. By improving these mothers' skills, it is hoped that they will find it easier to control their emotions, focus, and better understand themselves and their surroundings, enabling them to overcome the challenges and obstacles they encounter in their daily lives.

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global public health problem and is one of the leading causes of death after HIV/AIDS. This disease has a high transmission rate, especially among children. This study aims to identify and analyze the determinants contributing to the incidence of tuberculosis in children based on previous studies. The method used was a literature review, which analyzed scientific articles related to the determinants of TB in children. Articles were searched through databases such as Google Scholar, Crossref, and Sinta using related keywords. Of the five articles that met the inclusion criteria, it was found that a history of contact with an adult TB patient was the main factor in transmission in children. Children are highly susceptible to contracting TB germs transmitted through droplets from coughing or talking. In addition, BCG immunization can provide protection against TB infection in children by developing antibodies. A scoring system was used to examine the history of contact in children at risk. In conclusion, there is a significant relationship between history of contact and the incidence of TB in children. Therefore, it is important for adult TB sufferers who live with children to practice preventive behaviors, such as cough etiquette, wearing masks, and proper phlegm disposal.

This community service program aims to enhance the understanding and awareness of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) regarding the importance of Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) certification as a form of legal protection and a means to improve business competitiveness. The activity was conducted in RW 04, Pondok Rajeg Village, Cibinong District, Bogor Regency, targeting local MSME actors. The program employed a Community Based Research (CBR) approach, emphasizing active community participation through problem analysis, target assessment, program development, and implementation stages. The main activity consisted of counseling sessions covering the concept of IPR, types of IPR, benefits of ownership, and online registration procedures through the Directorate General of Intellectual Property (DGIP). Evaluation was carried out using pre- and post-activity questionnaires. The results indicate that although all participants recognized the importance of IPR protection, their initial level of understanding was relatively low. Following the counseling session, there was a significant improvement in participants’ knowledge of IPR types and registration procedures. This program is expected to encourage MSMEs to register their intellectual property to protect innovation and enhance sustainable business competitiveness.