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Effective network management is the main need in the world of information technology, especially for companies engaged in network infrastructure. One of the devices that is often used to support network connectivity is MikroTik. This journal aims to design MikroTik configuration learning based on the OSI Layer Model at PT Proxi Jaringan Nusantara, focusing on setting MikroTik so that it can be connected to the internet. The learning method is designed using theoretical and simulation approaches, including the introduction of the OSI Layer Model as the basis of network communication and the technical steps of MikroTik configuration, such as IP Address settings, NAT (Network Address Translation), DHCP Server, and basic Firewall. The simulation results show that the configuration carried out in accordance with the OSI Layer Model can improve network stability and efficiency. This learning is designed to provide practical and in-depth solutions for authors in understanding MicroTik-based network management.

This study aims to identify the problems faced by students in implementing learning. This study used a quantitative approach with a survey method, involving 30 students from two high schools in Yogyakarta. Data were collected through questionnaires about students' learning difficulties, interests, and needs for learning media. The results showed that 96% of the students considered chemistry as a difficult subject to understand because of the abstract nature of the material. As many as 64% of the students felt bored due to the uninteresting presentation of the material, while 72% of the students indicated the need for varied learning methods and interactive learning media to facilitate understanding. The results of the study showed that an innovation was needed to support chemistry learning activities to make learning more active and enjoyable so that it does not lead to student boredom. The developed virtual laboratory media provides flexible, safe and economical simulation of chemical experiments. This application is designed to be accessible without an internet connection using an Android device, allowing students to learn anytime and anywhere. The use of this virtual lab is expected to increase students' motivation, understanding of concepts, and learning experience.

This study aims to analyze the maintenance strategy of railway lines in West Sumatra using the Life Cycle Cost (LCC) approach to determine the most economically efficient and sustainable maintenance option. The main issues raised are the high cost of reactive maintenance and the risk of operational disruption due to track damage. The research method involved collecting construction, operational, and maintenance cost data from railway operators, as well as LCC-based scenario simulations to compare preventive and reactive maintenance strategies. The results of the analysis show that the preventive maintenance strategy results in lower total life cycle costs, compared to the reactive strategy. In addition, the preventive strategy also supports operational sustainability by minimizing the risk of service disruption and improving user safety. SWOT analysis shows that LCC implementation has great potential to improve budget efficiency and support local economic growth, although challenges such as data limitations and natural disaster risks need to be mitigated. This research concludes that an LCC-based approach can be the basis for designing more effective, efficient and sustainable railway maintenance policies. Recommendations include prioritizing preventive maintenance, using monitoring technology, and strengthening supporting policies.

In increasingly advanced digital era, the professionalism of Christian Religious Education (CRE) teachers has become extremely important. CRE teachers must not only possess strong academic abilities but also be prepared to face new challenges in the implementation of technology in the teaching and learning process. The Society 5.0 era demands integration between the virtual and real worlds, where advancements in information and communication technology have transformed the way education is delivered, including in CRE practices. The professionalism of CRE teachers in this era is determined by their mastery of 21st-century competencies, which include critical thinking, creativity, innovation, collaboration, and digital literacy. Therefore, CRE teachers must be able to develop innovative and engaging learning materials. This can be achieved by utilizing video tutorials, virtual simulations, and technology-based interactive games to enhance student engagement and the quality of learning. Thus, strengthening the professionalism of CRE teachers not only focuses on academic aspects but also on the application of Christian ethical values within a dynamic and digital learning environment.

Microteaching is a simulation or training for prospective teachers to explore the ability of skills in teaching that combines the components of learning. The purpose of this study was to analyse the implementation of microteaching learning in terms of the use of various biology learning media with a touch of technology. The method used is descriptive quantitative with observation sheets and interviews. This research uses a squential explanatory design that combines quantitative and qualitative methods sequentially the first stage of collecting and analysing quantitative data followed by collecting and analysing qualitative data to help explain quantitative results. The results of the study regarding the pattern of using technology-based learning media showed that PowerPoint 92% and learning videos 78% were the most widely used media in microteaching practice. While the level of effectiveness of the media used varies. The 4.6% digital microscope showed a high level of effectiveness even though the frequency of use was still low. This indicates that high technology-based learning media has considerable potential in improving the quality of learning. Furthermore, the analysis of students' digital competence shows that 70% of students have good to very good mastery of technology. Furthermore, creativity in media development shows an even distribution while time management is still a challenge for 35% of students at a sufficient or insufficient level. The use of technology-based learning media in micro teaching has considerable potential, but still faces several challenges. A systematic and comprehensive approach is needed to optimise the use of technology in developing the teaching competence of prospective biology teachers.

System dynamic models have been recognized as an effective approach in projecting and designing sustainable urban waste management systems. This study aims to explore the potential of system dynamic modeling in urban waste management. This study uses a literature study method with a qualitative descriptive approach that refers to various relevant previous studies. The results of the literature study show that the system dynamic model is able to map the complex relationships between variables in the waste management system, such as population growth, waste production, waste processing capacity, environmental impacts, and others. In addition, the system dynamic model can project future waste management conditions and prepare the most effective policy scenarios. Through simulations of various policy scenarios, the system dynamic model can provide insight into the impact of each scenario, both in terms of technical efficiency, operational costs, and reduction of waste generation in landfills. In implementing policy scenarios, collaboration between the government, community, and stakeholders is also needed in optimizing waste management programs.

The training for MDA/TPA teachers in Guguak Tabek Sarojo Village, Agam Regency, aims to improve teachers' ability to manage classes effectively and efficiently. This ability is very important in creating a good learning process, especially in non-formal educational institutions, namely MDA/TPA, which often experience problems with facilities, learning methods and time management. The method used in this training activity was carried out through the delivery of material on class management, discussions, questions and answers and teaching practice simulations. The results showed that after participating in the training, teachers had a better understanding of class management strategies, the use of interesting learning methods and the positive impact was seen from the increase in teacher participation during the training process.

mproving financial literacy in elementary school students is an important step in building early financial management skills, which will positively impact the financial well-being of individuals and communities in the future. This community service program aims to introduce the basic concept of financial literacy to fifth-grade students of MI Bilingual Roudlotul Jannah, Sidoarjo, through an educational and interactive approach. The activity was carried out on December 9, 2024, using lecture methods, simulations, educational games, and group discussions.The program's results showed increased students' understanding of saving, distinguishing between needs and wants and simple financial planning. Several students began implementing positive habits, such as saving independently and reducing unnecessary expenses. Despite obstacles like varying student concentration levels and limited time, this program proved that financial literacy can be taught effectively through relevant and fun methods. This program is expected to be the first step in preparing students to face future financial challenges wisely.

This research aims to examine the impact of using technology-based learning media on class X Software Engineering (RPL) students at SMKN 7 Serang City. In the ever-growing digital era, technology has become an important part of education, offering various forms of learning media that are more interactive and interesting. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study method to explore the challenges and impacts of using technology-based learning media on student learning outcomes. Data collection techniques were carried out through literature studies, interviews and direct observation. The research results show that the use of technology-based learning media can improve the quality of learning and understanding of the material by students, as well as motivate them to be more active in learning. Media such as digital tutorials, e-learning, and simulations allow students to learn independently and gain practical skills relevant to the world of work. However, there are significant challenges, such as limited technological facilities and gaps in access between students who have devices and those who do not. Therefore, efforts are needed to improve technological facilities and equalize access for all students. This research contributes to understanding the role of technology in education, especially at SMKN 7 Serang City, as well as providing recommendations for maximizing the implementation of technology-based learning media in vocational education in Indonesia.

Drug abuse is a significant public health issue in Indonesia, especially in rural areas such as Mandangin Island Village, Sampang Regency. This study aims to evaluate the implementation of a legal education program as a preventive measure for drug abuse at MI Miftahul Ulum. The six-month program involved lectures, interactive discussions, and legal case simulations. The research methodology included data collection through questionnaires, interviews, and observations to assess improvements in students' knowledge and attitudes towards drugs. The results showed that there was a significant increase in students' knowledge regarding the legal aspects of drug abuse, with the average score increasing by 30% after attending the program. Participant responses showed high enthusiasm and a better understanding of the legal consequences. However, challenges such as limited time and resources need to be addressed to improve the effectiveness of the program. Recommendations for improvement include expanding time and resource allocation and integrating the program with other prevention efforts. The program is expected to serve as a model for the implementation of legal education in other educational settings to increase drug awareness and prevention more broadly.

The educational program “Strengthening Awareness of Rights and Obligations through an Educational Program at Class IIA Pamekasan Narcotics Prison” aims to improve the understanding of prisoners regarding their rights and obligations in the context of prison guidance. Implemented at Class IIA Pamekasan Narcotics Prison, the program integrates a participatory-based educational approach with materials covering basic rights, legal protection, and responsibilities as prisoners. Methods used include lectures, group discussions, and case simulations, with evaluation conducted through surveys and interviews. The results of the program showed a significant increase in prisoners' awareness of their rights and obligations, as well as positive changes in behavior and participation in prison activities. Challenges encountered include limited resources and initial resistance from some participants. However, the success of this program shows great potential for improving the quality of rehabilitation in prisons. Recommendations for similar programs include improved educational materials and adaptation for other prisons to expand the positive impact. This program makes an important contribution to the development of more effective and humane coaching practices in prison settings.

Drug abuse is a significant public health issue in Indonesia, especially in rural areas such as Mandangin Island Village, Sampang Regency. This study aims to evaluate the implementation of a legal education program as a preventive measure for drug abuse at MI Miftahul Ulum. The six-month program involved lectures, interactive discussions, and legal case simulations. The research methodology included data collection through questionnaires, interviews, and observations to assess improvements in students' knowledge and attitudes towards drugs. The results showed that there was a significant increase in students' knowledge regarding the legal aspects of drug abuse, with the average score increasing by 30% after attending the program. Participant responses showed high enthusiasm and a better understanding of the legal consequences. However, challenges such as limited time and resources need to be addressed to improve the effectiveness of the program. Recommendations for improvement include expanding time and resource allocation and integrating the program with other prevention efforts. The program is expected to serve as a model for the implementation of legal education in other educational settings to increase drug awareness and prevention more broadly.

The educational program “Strengthening Awareness of Rights and Obligations through an Educational Program at Class IIA Pamekasan Narcotics Prison” aims to improve the understanding of prisoners regarding their rights and obligations in the context of prison guidance. Implemented at Class IIA Pamekasan Narcotics Prison, the program integrates a participatory-based educational approach with materials covering basic rights, legal protection, and responsibilities as prisoners. Methods used include lectures, group discussions, and case simulations, with evaluation conducted through surveys and interviews. The results of the program showed a significant increase in prisoners' awareness of their rights and obligations, as well as positive changes in behavior and participation in prison activities. Challenges encountered include limited resources and initial resistance from some participants. However, the success of this program shows great potential for improving the quality of rehabilitation in prisons. Recommendations for similar programs include improved educational materials and adaptation for other prisons to expand the positive impact. This program makes an important contribution to the development of more effective and humane coaching practices in prison settings.

With the advancement of technology and computing capabilities of computers, various applications and algorithms that were previously not applicable to portable devices such as laptops and smartphones can now be applied. Artificial intelligence (AI) is one of the increasingly popular techniques that are now a part of everyday life. AI is an umbrella term that refers to the simulation of human intelligence by machines that use big data to perform various tasks. AI has benefited many aspects of human life, including education. However, AI also has significant negative effects. This study aims to study the influence of artificial intelligence on students' critical thinking skills. This study uses qualitative research and literature analysis. However, the study also identified several negative impacts, including reliance on technology, unassured information quality, social isolation, and ethical and privacy concerns. Therefore, a balanced and strategic approach is needed in integrating AI in education to ensure that its benefits can be maximized, while its negative impact is minimized.

The development of empathy character in Madrasah Ibtidaiyah students plays a crucial role in shaping a generation that is not only intellectually intelligent but also socially sensitive. This study aims to explore effective learning strategies to instill empathy in students. The method employed is a literature review by analyzing various sources related to Islamic value-based learning strategies. The findings indicate that strategies such as project-based learning, simulations, reflective discussions, story-based learning, collaborative activities, and social actions effectively foster empathy. These strategies provide profound emotional and social experiences while aligning with Islamic teachings. For example, storytelling about prophets and charity activities effectively instill empathy through direct and contextual experiences. In conclusion, fostering empathy requires a holistic approach integrating practical experiences with Islamic values. Educators are advised to receive training on implementing these strategies, while parents should model empathetic behavior at home. Future research is recommended to empirically evaluate the effectiveness of these strategies in various educational settings.

This short study describes about the behavior of a simple hypoplastic equation proposed by Wu Wei (1992) with applying modified stress update algorithm routine. Details of the model and the modified algorithm are described in Section 2. Motivation of this modification is to have a more stable solution algorithm than original one. The “more stable solution” here means only homogeneous deformation may occur during oedometric and plane strain compression test on single element. The inhomogeneous deformation of single element might be triggered by the evolution of shear stress. In the Sections 3 the finite element modeling of oedometric and plain strain compression test is described, followed by the comparison of the result of modified and original algorithm routine.  In addition, the simulation of the penetration of footing into sand specimen is also simulated by applying the modified algorithm routine on the hypoplastic model. The result is compared with those using elasto-plastic Drucker Prager model.

Induction motors are components that convert electrical energy into mechanical energy and are very much in demand among industries, with low prices, sturdy construction and easy maintenance making these induction motors used for heavy industrial applications. However, the 3-phase induction motor at this time chooses a low torque and speed so that it affects the efficiency of the induction motor performance, which will decrease.  This study examines the effect of unsymmetrical 2-layer 6-phase induction motor design on the torque and speed of 3-phase induction motors using the finite element method. This research was conducted using Ansys software, which aims to see the magnetic flux density and the effect of 6-phase induction motor design on the torque and speed of a 3-phase induction motor using the finite element method. The induction motor that is the reference for this research has specifications of a 3-phase induction motor: 0.75 KW, 1 HP, 220/380 V, 3.5/2 A, 50 Hz, 1390 rpm. From the results of this study, the simulation results of the shape of the flux density ... which is designed with the parameters of a 3-phase induction motor with an unsymmetrical 6-phase 2-layer induction motor coil design.

 Central Java was recorded as the area with the highest fire rate in the period from January 1 to July 24 2023, with 637 cases recorded. In 2018, a fire hit Agustinus Junior High School, at Semarang City. The aim of the research is to determine the effect of implementing a fire disaster preparedness simulation in increasing the knowledge and attitudes of Agustinus Middle School residents regarding fire disasters. The research design used was a quasi experiment with a quantitative approach. This research used a one group pretest-posttest design. In this research design, the entire population is used as research respondents. The pretest was given before the fire disaster simulation activity began and the posttest was given after all respondents carried out the fire disaster simulation activity. The research instrument used a questionnaire sheet. Data were analyzed with wilcoxon test. The results of the research show that there is an effect of implementing a fire disaster preparedness simulation on the knowledge and attitudes of Agustinius Junior High School residents with a wilcoxon p value of 0.000 and there is an increase in the knowledge of the school community by 24.3% and the attitude of the school community by 34% compared to before the simulation. This research suggests that schools should hold regular disaster preparedness simulations at least once a year and collaborate with related professional institutions to increase the capability and effectiveness of school emergency response teams in handling emergency situations.

Assistance with digital financial reports using the Jaraya application for culinary MSMEs aims to increase the understanding and skills of MSME players in managing financial reports in a more efficient and structured way. Culinary MSMEs often face challenges in accurate and transparent financial records, which can affect their business decisions and business growth. In this program, the Jaraya application is introduced as a practical solution to simplify the process of recording transactions and creating digital financial reports. Assistance is provided through direct training, application usage simulations, and discussions to overcome problems faced by business actors. The results of this assistance show an increase in MSME players' understanding of the importance of organized financial reports and their ability to use the Jaraya application to monitor cash flow, manage profit and loss, and make better business decisions. This program is expected to have a positive impact on more efficient financial management and support the growth of culinary MSMEs in the future.

This article presents a systematic review of pragmatic competence in second language acquisition (SLA), emphasizing its critical role in effective communication and intercultural understanding. Pragmatic competence encompasses the ability to understand and use language appropriately in diverse social and cultural contexts, including mastering speech acts, politeness strategies, conversational implicatures, and intercultural pragmatics. Despite its importance, pragmatic competence often receives less attention in language instruction compared to grammar and vocabulary. The review highlights the effectiveness of explicit and implicit teaching methods, authentic interaction, and cultural immersion in developing pragmatic skills. It also underscores the role of technology, such as digital platforms and simulations, in enhancing learners’ ability to navigate real-life communication scenarios. The findings reveal significant challenges, including cultural variability in pragmatic norms, difficulties in standardizing assessments, and the influence of learners’ individual differences. The study calls for innovative teaching and evaluation methods, focusing on personalized approaches and the integration of pragmatic learning with emotional intelligence. By synthesizing current research and practices, this article provides valuable insights for educators, curriculum developers, and researchers, advocating for adaptive, culturally informed, and technology-supported strategies to enhance pragmatic competence in SLA.