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Crop rotation is one of the most effective agricultural and has significant benefits in improving soil fertility, assessing health and disease, and increasing the efficiency of natural resource utilization. Agricultural strategies that have important benefits in improving soil fertility, assessing health and disease, and increasing the efficiency of natural resource utilization. To maximize nutrient utilization and reduce the risk of certain pests associated with a crop, this practice involves reducing the types of crops grown on the same land in the relevant cycle. To maximize nutrient utilization and reduce the risk of certain pests associated with a crop, this practice involves reducing the types of crops grown on the same land in the relevant cycle. In addition, crop rotation helps improve soil structure, increase cation exchange capacity (CEC), and reduce dependence on chemicals and pests. The study employed a library analysis method by reviewing several previous studies on the impact of crop rotation on agricultural productivity and soil ecology. The results showed that crop rotation can increase nitrogen levels in the soil by up to 20%, reduce pesticide use by up to 50%, and increase air use efficiency, especially in areas with limited air supply. In addition, this practice helps create a more stable agricultural ecosystem by increasing biodiversity, such as reducing the number of natural enemies of pests. The findings of this study indicate that crop rotation is a practice that not only increases crop yields but also strengthens the principle of sustainability. With proper maintenance, crop rotation can be an effective solution to reduce land degradation, improve food security, and improve ecological balance in modern food systems. resilience, and improve ecological balance in modern agricultural systems.

Career mentoring will help students prepare their intellectual capacity and skills for career advancement. Students need to be guided to explore the careers they are interested so that they can achieve their full potential. Writing a Curriculum Vitae can be used as a medium for career advancement. This program takes the form of training for students of SMA Yapend 45 Entrop who will become a new workforce in the future. The purpose of this service is to provide students with CV writing skills to help them prepare for their dream careers even more as a mean for self-promotion.

Indonesia's democracy, despite over two decades of progress since the fall of the New Order regime, has faced stagnation and democratic backsliding in recent years. Indicators from institutions such as the Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU), Freedom House, and Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem) consistently highlight a decline in democratic quality. Contributing factors include identity politics, declining electoral integrity, political dynasties, and weak institutional capacities, described as "Low-Capacity Democracy." This study employs a qualitative approach to explore these challenges, including literature reviews, document analysis, and interviews. The findings reveal systemic issues at both institutional and societal levels, including weakened oversight bodies like the Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK), the dominance of executive power, and the rise of transactional politics and political dynasties. Digital challenges, such as disinformation and low digital literacy, also exacerbate these issues. This study recommends comprehensive reforms, such as strengthening independent institutions, enhancing transparency in public fund management, and improving political education to reduce transactional practices. Digital media regulations and technology-based electoral monitoring are also proposed to increase transparency. By addressing these issues, Indonesia can reinforce democratic resilience and foster an inclusive, accountable political system.

Organic farming is increasingly being looked at as a solution to improve soil quality and produce sustainable agriculture. This study aims to explore the impact of organic farming on soil quality and yields of wet-rice farming in Nias Islands. Based on existing research, organic farming systems are proven to provide great benefits to soil fertility, including by increasing organic matter content, boosting soil microbial activity, and improving soil structure. The use of techniques such as crop rotation, organic fertilizers and mulching have been shown to improve soil quality, increase its ability to store water and reduce erosion. In addition, more diverse and active soil microbes also contribute to more efficient nutrient cycling, reducing dependence on synthetic fertilizers and helping to control pests naturally. While the initial adoption of organic farming may result in lower yields, research shows that in the long run, yields increase as soil quality improves. Organic farming also offers better resilience to climate change, especially in terms of the soil's ability to retain water and reduce the impact of drought. Thus, organic farming in Nias Islands can not only increase agricultural productivity, but also support environmental sustainability. Therefore, the application of organic farming is the right choice to improve food security and preserve nature in Nias Islands

This study explores the factors influencing customer satisfaction in Indonesia's IT talent provider industry through a qualitative empirical analysis. Employing secondary data sources such as academic literature, industry reports, and customer feedback, the research identifies key drivers of satisfaction, including project-based work setups, client involvement, teamwork dynamics, the nature of work, and employee engagement. Findings suggest that customer satisfaction is a multifaceted concept influenced by effective communication, cohesive teamwork, and robust talent management strategies. The study underscores the need for IT talent providers to adopt comprehensive approaches to enhance service quality, retain skilled professionals, and meet evolving client demands, thereby strengthening their competitive position.

This study explores the role of spiritual eco-leadership within religious communities and its potential for fostering climate resilience and sustainability. Religious communities, guided by spiritual values such as stewardship, social justice, and care for creation, have a unique position to contribute significantly to addressing climate change. Through qualitative case studies of religious communities engaged in climate-resilient practices, this research identifies key personal qualities of effective eco-leaders, examines the theological foundations driving eco-leadership, and investigates how community structures can support sustainable practices. The findings highlight the importance of qualities such as compassion, integrity, and vision in eco-leaders, which enable them to inspire collective action towards environmental sustainability. Additionally, the study uncovers the centrality of theological principles, particularly those rooted in stewardship and social justice, in guiding eco-leadership within faith-based contexts. The research also discusses the challenges these communities face, including institutional conservatism, resource constraints, and the marginalization of eco-leaders. Strategies for overcoming these barriers are proposed, emphasizing the need for education, advocacy, and interfaith collaboration. The study concludes that spiritual eco-leadership, when supported by strong theological foundations and community structures, can serve as a powerful force in driving climate resilience and promoting sustainability, both locally and globally. By fostering eco-leadership, religious communities can play a transformative role in addressing climate change and enhancing community adaptation to environmental challenges.

The maritime industry requires financially literate and strategically competent professionals to navigate challenges in shipping management, business sustainability, and economic resilience. However, vocational maritime education often lacks practical financial training and sustainability-driven business strategies, creating gaps between academic learning and industry needs. This research addresses these gaps by analyzing how maritime education aligns with financial sustainability and business competency development. Unlike previous studies that separately examine maritime education or financial sustainability, this research integrates expert insights, graduate experiences, and educator perspectives to develop a holistic framework for maritime business and financial training. The findings contribute to policy discussions on improving vocational curricula and bridging industry-academia gaps. This study investigates the effectiveness of maritime vocational education in developing competencies in financial decision-making, economic resilience, and business sustainability. It evaluates curriculum alignment with industry demands and identifies key areas for enhancement. A qualitative research design was used, incorporating semi-structured interviews with 13 maritime professionals, 4 educators, and 33 graduates. Thematic analysis was applied to assess vocational training effectiveness in financial sustainability and business resilience. Findings reveal strong technical competency but gaps in financial literacy and sustainability-driven business strategies. Maritime education programs scored 9/10 in effectiveness, but practical applications of financial decision-making and risk management need reinforcement. This study provides actionable insights for vocational training reforms, emphasizing applied financial education, industry collaboration, and sustainability-driven business strategies. The findings support future curriculum development to equip maritime professionals with enhanced financial and managerial competencies for industry leadership.

Stress and burnout among healthcare workers represent a global crisis with significant implications for psychological and physical health, job performance, and interpersonal skills. These conditions are linked to anxiety, depression, suicidal ideation, substance use, poor quality of life, digestive disorders, and cardiovascular diseases. Burnout is characterized by emotional fatigue, depersonalization, and reduced personal accomplishment, often caused by chronic workplace stress. Factors such as demographics, fatigue, and resilience influence its development and severity. Traditional stress management interventions, such as counselling and leave, often prove insufficient in addressing these challenges. Recent advancements in Artificial Intelligence (AI) provide innovative tools for stress and burnout management, including mobile applications offering mindfulness, meditation, and self-care resources. AI systems like IBM Watson and Google DeepMind are being tested to enhance accessibility and effectiveness in stress management. Additionally, Stress Inoculation Training (SIT), involving methods such as meditation, yoga, cognitive-behavioural therapy, and biofeedback, has been recognized as a proactive approach to mitigating stress. This review explores the factors contributing to stress and burnout in healthcare workers and evaluates interventions aimed at improving well-being and productivity, emphasizing the potential of AI and SIT in preventing and managing these conditions.

This study evaluates the impact of distributed solar-battery systems on urban electricity resilience and community carbon emissions reduction. As urban areas continue to grow, the demand for electricity has placed considerable strain on traditional centralized grids, resulting in increased vulnerabilities. The integration of decentralized energy resources (DERs), particularly solar photovoltaic (PV) systems paired with battery energy storage systems (BESS), has emerged as a promising solution to enhance grid resilience, reduce carbon emissions, and support the transition to more sustainable energy systems. This research uses a simulation-based approach to model the integration of solar-battery systems into residential blocks, assessing their impact on grid reliability, downtime reduction, and the frequency of power outages. Additionally, the study estimates the reduction in carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions achieved by shifting from fossil-fuel-based energy generation to renewable sources such as solar PV. The results demonstrate that solar-battery systems significantly improve electricity reliability by providing backup power during outages, while also reducing CO₂ emissions by decreasing reliance on conventional grids. The study also discusses the technical and financial challenges associated with the integration of these systems, such as energy storage capacity, system efficiency, and upfront installation costs. Policy recommendations emphasize the importance of government incentives, grid modernization, and long-term financial benefits to encourage the adoption of decentralized energy solutions. Finally, the study highlights areas for future research, including advanced storage technologies and the integration of electric vehicles with solar-battery systems to further enhance energy resilience and sustainability.

This study aims to address the challenges and propose solutions for the Optimization of Blockchain-Based Cybersecurity Systems to Enhance Resilience Against Ransomware Attacks using a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach. Blockchain is increasingly recognized as a transformative technology in cybersecurity due to its decentralized structure, transparency, and robustness in securing data. Despite these advantages, its widespread adoption is hindered by several challenges, including scalability, interoperability, high energy consumption, and limited access to representative ransomware datasets. This research highlights that integrating blockchain with advanced technologies such as data analytics, machine learning, and Explainable AI (XAI) can significantly enhance its effectiveness in combating ransomware.The findings reveal that Graph Convolutional Neural Networks (GCN) enable real-time detection of ransomware patterns in network traffic with an accuracy of up to 95%. Furthermore, Layer-2 solutions like the Lightning Network and sharding effectively alleviate the load on main blockchains, thereby increasing transaction throughput. Efficient consensus mechanisms, including Proof of Stake (PoS) and Delegated Proof of Stake (DPoS), address energy consumption issues, making blockchain more adaptable to IoT and resource-constrained environments. These approaches have proven successful in enabling early detection, mitigation, and prevention of ransomware in IoT systems, cloud infrastructures, and smart grid networks. The implications of this study underscore the potential of blockchain as a critical component of proactive and adaptive cybersecurity systems. However, overcoming existing challenges requires further development of hybrid frameworks that integrate blockchain with data analytics and machine learning technologies. In addition, efforts should focus on standardizing global security protocols to enhance interoperability and creating robust, diverse ransomware datasets to support more accurate detection systems. Future research should also explore methods to minimize latency and improve blockchain efficiency in real-time cybersecurity applications.

The Next-Gen Global Health 6.0 initiative offers an integrative model employing genomics, nano-immunotherapies, and artificial intelligence (AI) to address the escalating complexity of global health issues, particularly the convergence of infectious and chronic diseases. This framework advances precision medicine by integrating real-time genomic surveillance with AI algorithms, enabling timely prediction and response to outbreaks, as well as tailored therapeutic approaches. Nano-immunotherapies play a critical role in modulating immune responses with high specificity, especially in chronic infections and diseases resistant to conventional treatments. Through these synergistic technologies, the Next-Gen Global Health 6.0 approach aims to transcend traditional healthcare boundaries, offering scalable, data-driven interventions that are adaptable to varying resource levels worldwide. Emphasizing accessibility and equity, this framework highlights the necessity for innovative health policies and interdisciplinary collaboration to optimize deployment in underserved regions, ultimately contributing to sustainable, resilient healthcare systems prepared for evolving global health challenges.

As industries increasingly integrate cloud-based Industrial Control Systems (ICS), the cyber threat landscape expands. While cloud computing offers scalability, cost efficiency, and remote accessibility, it also introduces security vulnerabilities that adversaries can exploit. This study explores AI-driven threat detection models, encryption techniques, and best practices to enhance ICS resilience. Key security measures, including intrusion detection systems, anomaly detection, and robust encryption mechanisms, are analyzed to mitigate cyber risks. The findings highlight the effectiveness of AI-based security solutions in identifying and preventing attacks, ensuring the reliability and integrity of ICS in cloud environments.  

This qualitative literature review examines the role of Christian education in building spiritual resilience among adolescents amid peer influence. Spiritual resilience is defined as the ability to maintain one's faith and moral values in the face of external influences during adolescence, particularly peer pressure. Through an analysis of existing studies, the review explores how Christian education helps adolescents develop a strong spiritual foundation, providing them with tools to resist negative peer influences and make ethical decisions. The study highlights key factors such as the role of faith-based communities, family involvement, and consistent spiritual guidance in nurturing resilience. The review also emphasizes the importance of creating supportive environments within Christian educational settings, where adolescents can reflect on their beliefs, engage in positive peer relationships, and grow in their faith. It identifies both supporting and hindering factors that influence spiritual resilience, suggesting that effective Christian education programs can foster healthy moral and emotional strength..

This study examines the efforts of National Defense carried out by referring to the management of reserve components in the form of indigenous communities in managing the pandemic and natural disasters. Many indigenous institutions have shown extraordinary abilities in responding to crises quickly and effectively. The purpose of this study is to show that local indigenous institutions play a key role in coordinating aid and reconstruction efforts. The mutual cooperation system that is deeply embedded in the indigenous social structure allows for the rapid mobilization of community resources to help victims and begin the recovery process. Qualitative research uses a descriptive approach to collect data systematically, factually, and quickly according to the description when the research was conducted. The results of this study indicate that the integration of local wisdom in disaster mitigation also has the potential to strengthen the resilience of the community as a whole. By respecting and utilizing local knowledge, disaster mitigation efforts are not only more effective but also more accepted and supported by the local community in order to maintain state sovereignty.

This qualitative literature review examines the key predictors of SME recovery from severe financial distress, focusing on financial blockages, employee dynamics, and turnaround success. The study synthesizes findings from various sources to highlight how financial challenges such as liquidity shortages and limited access to credit hinder recovery, while government support and alternative financing offer potential solutions. Additionally, employee engagement, organizational culture, and strategic leadership are identified as critical factors in successful turnaround efforts. SMEs that foster innovation, adaptability, and retain key employees are more likely to overcome financial crises. The review emphasizes the importance of a holistic approach, combining financial relief, strategic leadership, and organizational resilience, for long-term SME recovery. The findings suggest avenues for future research on the interaction of these factors and their context-specific impacts.

Developing identity is one of the fundamental elements in building a person's character. Strong character plays an important role in facing various life challenges, both in the family, education and community environments. One aspect that can lead to optimal development of identity is through intention and encouragement to achieve clear life goals. Sincere intentions and strong drive are the driving forces that will help individuals stay focused and consistent in achieving their goals, even when faced with various obstacles and temptations. In this context, a well-defined life goal not only provides direction, but also provides deep meaning in every step taken by the individual. The process of developing identity, which is influenced by intentions and encouragement, is closely related to character formation. The character that is formed is not only visible from a person's attitudes and behavior, but also from the ability to manage emotions, make wise decisions, and be responsible for the actions taken. Over time, developing your identity will increase self-confidence, strengthen mental resilience, and foster a sense of responsibility towards yourself and others. This article aims to explain the importance of intention and drive in developing one's identity to build one's character, as well as how this process is related to achieving larger life goals. In its implementation, a supportive environment such as family, school and community plays a significant role in forming and strengthening a person's identity. Character education, in this case, has an important role in guiding individuals to develop positive intentions and providing the encouragement needed to achieve their life goals. Therefore, it is important for each individual to have strong intentions and the right encouragement in the process of developing their identity, in order to achieve life goals that are in line with positive values ​​that can enrich their lives and those of the surrounding community.

Pig farming is crucial in local economies and food security, providing a vital protein source and economic opportunities. In Samarinda City, East Kalimantan, the sector demonstrates significant potential due to abundant natural resources and rising market demand, contributing 15% of the province’s pork production in 2024. This study examines strategies for developing pig farming businesses in Samarinda City using a mixed-methods approach, integrating descriptive and analytical methods. Data were collected through surveys and interviews with 50 respondents, including farmers, traders, and policymakers, complemented by secondary data from government agencies. Analytical tools such as SWOT, Location Quotient (LQ), and multiple regression were employed. The findings reveal that Samarinda Utara and Palaran have the highest specialization in pig farming, with LQ values of 1.8 and 1.7, supported by ample land and feed resources. Key drivers of farmer income include production scale and policy support, while high feed costs, comprising up to 70% of production expenses, remain a significant challenge. Recommendations include diversifying pork-based products, adopting modern technologies, strengthening policies, and improving distribution infrastructure. This research provides actionable insights to enhance the sustainability and competitiveness of pig farming, contributing to regional economic development and agricultural resilience.

Toyomarto Village is a tourist village in Malang Regency with the concept of ecotourism. Toyomarto Village has an interesting culture to visit, namely the Kirab Tirta Amerta Sari. Kirab Tirta Amerta Sari tradition is a water source ‘selametan’ which is part of the village alms, which is held once a year in the month of ‘Suro’. To maintain the resilience of the tradition, it is necessary to develop a tradition based on the principles of ecotourism. This research was conducted to find out the implementation of ecotourism principles in the development of the Kirab Tirta Amerta Sari Tradition, development steps and the impact of ecotourism on the development of the Kirab Tirta Amerta Sari Tradition. The research used a qualitative method of case study approach by collecting data through observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis used Miles and Huberman’s theory through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. Based on the field result obtained, it is shown that the implementation of ecotourism principles in the development of the Kirab Tirta Amerta Sari Tradition in Toyomarto Village, because the development of kirab has been conceptualised by the community, so that activities can provide benefits and positive impact for local communities and visitors. There are two development steps to developing the kirab, namely educational development and promotion strategies, and the impacts included the formation of social cohesion, the preservation of culture and the environment, and the development of the local economy.

The formation of a strong identity is a complex process involving the harmonisation of cognitive, affective and conative aspects within the individual. This research aims to examine how the concept of ‘cipta, rasa, karsa, and self-control’ in Javanese philosophy can be a relevant framework in building a strong identity in the modern era. Through literature study and qualitative analysis, this research reveals that ‘cipta’ refers to the ability to think critically and creatively, ‘rasa’ is related to emotional intelligence and empathy, ‘karsa’ refers to the will and goal-oriented actions, and ‘self-control’ relates to the ability to regulate emotions, thoughts, and behaviour. These four aspects are interrelated and mutually reinforcing in forming the foundation of a strong identity. The results of the study show that the integration of creation, rasa, karsa, and self-control can equip individuals with high adaptability, strong resilience, and solid moral values. Individuals with a strong identity tend to have clear life goals, are able to make wise decisions, and are able to establish positive social relationships. This research also highlights the importance of cultural context in the formation of identity. The concept of ‘cipta, rasa, karsa, and self-control’ derived from Javanese philosophy can provide a unique and relevant perspective for Indonesian society. However, further adaptation and development is needed so that this concept can be effectively implemented in the context of modern life.

Mergers and acquisitions (M&A) are widely recognized as strategic instruments for corporate growth, restructuring, and competitive advantage. This semantic review synthesizes recent Scopus‑indexed literature to examine the strategic implications and performance outcomes of M&A. The study highlights that strategic alignment between acquiring and target firms is fundamental to synergy realization, operational efficiency, and innovation. Managerial expertise emerges as a decisive factor, with effective leadership ensuring smooth integration and long‑term value creation. Market dynamics, including economic volatility, regulatory changes, and geopolitical tensions, significantly influence M&A strategies and outcomes, while technological integration accelerates digital transformation and enhances competitive positioning. Cultural fit is identified as a critical determinant of organizational cohesion, with misalignment often leading to employee resistance and reduced productivity. Financial outcomes vary, ranging from profitability improvements through economies of scale to underperformance caused by overestimated synergies or poor integration. Furthermore, environmental, social, and governance (ESG) considerations are increasingly shaping M&A strategies, reinforcing stakeholder trust and sustainable value creation. By adopting a holistic approach that integrates strategic foresight, managerial acumen, market awareness, technological innovation, and sustainability, firms can optimize M&A as a tool for growth and resilience in dynamic global markets.