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Indonesian students' character is greatly shaped by Christian Religious Education, but in an age of globalisation and religious diversity, PAK practices must be updated and adjusted to the changing social environment. This study applies insights from educational sociology to analyse successful PAK tactics. The ideas of Christian education and sociological theories of education are used to emphasise difficulties and barriers in putting the PAK strategy into practice through qualitative library study methodologies. The results highlight the significance of comprehending ideological disputes in societies, changing curricula to reflect cultural and technological advances, and focusing on the symbolic interaction between teachers and students. The findings lay the groundwork for the creation of more pertinent and potent religious instruction.

The model of Jesus' transformative dialogue in the Gospel of John 1-4, describes the interaction of Jesus Christ conducting evangelism consistently through dialogues in John 1-4 with various figures in different contexts that lead to changes in understanding and spiritual transformation both individually and in the groups He faces. This study aims to identify and analyze the model of transformational dialogue carried out by Jesus Christ in John 1-4 to achieve the transformative goal of building relationships that enable the growth of faith among His listeners and bring people to faith in Him. The research method uses qualitative descriptive and exploratory text analysis with a hermeneutical approach to understand the cultural and theological contexts that underlie each effective missiological dialogue. This study analyzes six dialogues in John 1-4, involving Jesus Christ in conversation with four different groups of people. Dialogues as a means of communication to bring about change and deeper understanding of spiritual truth. The results of this study illustrate that Jesus Christ uses various dialogical strategies to convey the gospel message effectively to people from diverse social backgrounds to build relationships that enable the growth of faith. The transformational dialogue model of Jesus Christ in John 1-4, demonstrates wise and open dialogue in the context of evangelism and provides valuable teaching and guidance for modern evangelism practice and emphasizes the need for adaptation to the individual's social context to achieve maximum effectiveness in bringing people to Christ.

The execution of the rehabilitation of military prisoners is carried out through a communicative and accommodating approach, involving direct interaction between officers and military prisoners via counseling or interviews. This aims to listen, accept, discover, regulate emotions, strengthen spirituality, and resolve personal and official issues while fostering dedication, sincerity, responsibility, and loyalty within the Indonesian National Armed Forces environment. The objective of this study is to demonstrate the existing challenges in implementing military prisoner development that need to be addressed and overcome. In this study, the author applied qualitative research employing a descriptive approach to systematically, factually, and promptly gather data in line with the research’s context. The findings of this study demonstrated that the success of rehabilitating military prisoners in military correctional institutions is not solely within the responsibility of the Center for Military Correctional Institutions and the Military Correctional Institution itself. It is also affected by external factors, including the attention and moral support offered by the unit commander from the origin place of the military prisoners. This influence aims to facilitate military prisoners’ transformation into soldiers embodying Sapta Marga values, ensuring their readiness for forthcoming unit responsibilities.

Islamic education holds a strategic position in shaping students’ moral character and social attitudes within multicultural societies. However, Islamic educational curricula are frequently perceived as prioritizing normative-textual transmission and doctrinal compliance, leaving limited room for interfaith dialogue and the cultivation of inclusive dispositions. This study critically assesses Islamic educational curriculum orientations and examines how sharia-based moral pedagogy can foster interfaith tolerance among students. The study also responds to the limited empirical linkage between sharia moral education and measurable developments in tolerance, inclusivity, and dialogic competence in Islamic schooling contexts. Using a qualitative design with descriptive-critical analysis, the research draws on curriculum document analysis and classroom observations across several Islamic educational institutions. Data are analyzed thematically to identify how three key curricular dimensions-akhlak (ethical conduct), maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah (higher moral objectives), and Islamic civilization history-are embedded and enacted in teaching practices, as well as how these elements shape students’ attitudes toward religious difference. The results indicate that akhlak-centered learning supports empathy, mutual respect, and non-discriminatory behavior by framing morality as lived practice rather than abstract instruction. Integrating maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah strengthens students’ inclusive orientation by emphasizing public good, justice, and human dignity as guiding principles for social relations. Additionally, teaching Islamic civilization history-especially narratives of coexistence-enhances students’ awareness of interfaith engagement and positions dialogue as compatible with Islamic identity. A comparative analysis suggests that sharia-based moral pedagogy is more effective than normative-textual curricula in building tolerant and inclusive student dispositions, mainly because it enables reflective learning, contextual moral reasoning, and dialogic interaction.

This study examines the impact of structured online collaborative learning (OCL) on foreign language skills in multinational higher education settings. As digital platforms become integral to global education systems, OCL has proven effective in enhancing language proficiency, especially in speaking, writing, and interaction. Using a quasi-experimental design, the study employed pre-test and post-test assessments to measure language improvements before and after engaging in OCL activities. The results demonstrated significant progress in all areas of language proficiency, particularly in speaking and interactional skills, owing to continuous peer interaction, structured feedback, and collaborative tasks mimicking real-world communication scenarios. The study emphasizes the importance of synchronous collaboration in fostering fluency and confidence, particularly through real-time communication and peer feedback. However, challenges such as technological disparities and cultural differences were observed, occasionally limiting full participation. Despite these obstacles, the findings suggest that OCL is an effective method for improving foreign language skills. The study advocates for the integration of collaborative online learning tools in language education curricula, particularly in diverse, multicultural environments. Future research should explore the long-term effects of OCL on language acquisition, address technological barriers, and investigate the effectiveness of various collaborative models in enhancing specific language skills.

This article aims to determine the interactions that exist between dancers and the audience in the Tor-Tor performance at Pasar Kamu, Pantai Labu District. This performance is performed between dancers and the audience by interacting through communication by attracting the attention of the audience to join in dancing together. Research in this article uses qualitative methods with data collection techniques by means of observation, interviews and documentation. The research results show that in the Tor-Tor performance there is social interaction between the public as spectators and the Tor-Tor dancers, and intrapersonal communication is established through movements as conveyance of messages and recipients of messages carried out by the audience and dancers in the Tor-Tor performance. Through this article, it is hoped that it can raise a positive image that traditional dance is worth preserving.

The cause of the low learning outcomes of students on matrix material is the lack of understanding of concepts and communication skills. A learning model that overcomes these problems is needed. The STAD type cooperative learning model can increase the interaction between students so that students can communicate and collaborate to understand matrix concepts. This class action research aims to improve students' learning outcomes on matrix material by applying the STAD type cooperative learning model in class XI-2 SMA Negeri 6 Surabaya. The data collection techniques used were observation, learning outcomes test, and documentation. The results showed that by applying the STAD type cooperative learning model can improve the learning outcomes of students of class XI-2 SMAN 6 Surabaya on matrix material. This is indicated by an increase in the value of learning outcomes and completeness of students after being given action in each cycle. There was an increase in learning outcomes by 39.39% from pre-cycle to cycle I and 54.54% from cycle I to cycle II. Learning completeness reached 54.54% in cycle I and 100% in cycle II.    

Generative artificial intelligence tools have recently attracted a great deal of attention. This is because of their huge advantages, which include ease of usage, quick generation of answers to requests, and the human-like intelligence they possess. This paper presents a vivid comparative analysis of the top 9 generative artificial intelligence (AI) tools, namely ChatGPT, Perplexity AI, YouChat, ChatSonic, Google's Bard, Microsoft Bing Assistant, HuggingChat, Jasper AI, and Quora's Poe, paying attention to the Pros and Cons each of the AI tools presents. This comparative analysis shows that the generative AI tools have several Pros that outweigh the Cons. Further, we explore the transformative impact of generative AI in Natural Language Processing (NLP), focusing on its integration with search engines, privacy concerns, and ethical implications. A comparative analysis categorizes generative AI tools based on popularity and evaluates challenges in development, including data limitations and computational costs. The study highlights ethical considerations such as technology misuse and regulatory challenges. Additionally, we delved into AI Planning techniques in NLP, covering classical planning, probabilistic planning, hierarchical planning, temporal planning, knowledge-driven planning, and neural planning models. These planning approaches are vital in achieving specific goals in NLP tasks. In conclusion, we provide a concise overview of the current state of generative AI, including its challenges, ethical considerations, and potential applications, contributing to the academic discourse on human-computer interaction.

This research explores the impact of marketing strategies that use social media on consumers' interest in making repeat purchases. Social media has become a significant platform in influencing consumer behavior. By integrating effective marketing strategies on social media, this research aims to understand how consumers' interactions with advertising and promotional content on social media influence their desire to make repeat purchases. Quantitative and qualitative research methods were used to analyze data from surveys and interviews with consumers who actively use social media. The results show a significant relationship between exposure to social media advertising and consumers' interest in repeat transactions, with factors such as brand trust and consumer engagement playing an important role in this process.

Education is something that is very important and needed by every individual which can have a positive influence on a person's growth and development. Education is usually provided through the learning process at school. Learning is a process of interaction between teachers and students in forming the students' own character which involves cognitive, affective and psychomotor aspects. The success of the learning process can be seen from the learning outcomes obtained by students. The problem of low student learning outcomes became the attention of researchers in carrying out this research. The STAD learning model is an alternative solution in this research in order to improve student learning outcomes. So, the aim of this research is to improve student learning outcomes in dance subjects through the STAD model in class VIII A of SMP Negeri 34 Kerinci. The research method used in this research is classroom action research (PTK). The data collection technique used is a written test to determine student learning outcomes. The results of this research indicate that the STAD learning model can improve student learning outcomes. This is shown by the average student learning outcomes which were initially only 45.7, increasing to 92.8 after implementing the STAD model.

Social Services include activities and interactions that occur between social workers or caregivers and the elderly while they are in the orphanage. This research aims to determine the main problems in service, the form of service implemented as well as supporting and inhibiting factors. This research uses a library study method by utilizing literature materials in the form of books, journals and articles that are in line with the title or theme of the research. The results of the research show that the main problem in social services for the elderly is that it is difficult to manage the activities provided by social workers. The form of social services for the elderly after the Covid-19 pandemic implemented by Tresna Werdha nursing house Budi Mulia 3 includes physical changes and social changes for the elderly and provides four types of social services, namely food services, religious services, entertainment services and recreation services. In Religious Services, social workers use religious approaches such as reciting the newspaper, reading the newspaper, reading Surah Yasin.

This research investigates the implications of the Human Development Index (HDI) and unemployment rate on a country's economic growth. Using empirical data and sophisticated analytical methods, this research evaluates the relationship between HDI, unemployment rate, and economic growth dynamics. We use a variety of econometric techniques to understand the complex interactions among these factors. It is hoped that the findings from this research will provide a deeper view of the factors that influence economic growth, enabling the formulation of more effective policies in terms of human development and unemployment reduction strategies.  

Ergonomics is a science that studies the interaction between humans and other elements in the form of a system, as well as a profession that practices theories, principles, data and methods in design to optimize suitability for human needs. High school students spend a lot of time at school in daily activities covering ± 6 hours with teaching and learning activities that dominate in the classroom. In the learning process students are more in a sitting position, as well as those experienced by SMA N 4 Takengon students. In this activity, the increase in knowledge in students increased by 74%.

Religious communities like Indonesia often discuss religious issues. Determining the Eid al-Adha holiday in 2022 is one of the issues that is receiving attention. As is known, the Indonesian government determines the Eid al-Adha holiday in two ways: rukyat and reckoning. On the Instagram account @kemenag_ri, the Ministry of Religion of the Republic of Indonesia held an Isbat Session Teleconference on June 29 2022, and the results showed that the date set on the calendar had to be changed from July 9 2022 to July 10 2022. Instagram users provided this decision directly. This shows that the religious community has participated and there is agreement in handling the results of the Isbat Session. As an effort to explore the interactions that exist within religious communities, this research uses netnography techniques.

This article presents an analysis of the latest trends in communication science in Indonesia, with a focus on the interaction between digital transformation and cultural dynamics. Through a multidimensional approach, we identify how digital technology has changed the communication landscape, influenced people’s communication practices, and triggered changes in communication culture in Indonesia. We also explore the implications of this phenomenon for various aspects of social, political and economic life in Indonesia. Thus, this article provides in-depth insight into how recent developments in communication science represent significant changes in the Indonesian context.

This research raises the issue of the lack of facilities for learning media, the lack of student interaction in the learning process, and the disruption caused by students who often go in and out of class. These inadequacies can hinder the learning process and affect the teacher's creativity in managing learning. The purpose of this research is to find out how to create and maintain a maximum Islamic religious education learning atmosphere at SMPN 29 Sijunjung. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with a focus on teacher creativity in managing Islamic learning. Data were collected through observation and interviews, then analyzed through data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results showed that the creativity of teachers in managing Islamic learning has been done well, but has not reached the maximum level because there are still some things that need to be improved. Factors that influence creating a maximum learning atmosphere include forgetting to convey learning objectives, interference in managing time and learning activities, lack of student involvement in learning, and limited learning media. To improve the effectiveness of learning, there needs to be more attention in managing learning in order to create an optimal learning atmosphere for students in understanding Islamic religious education.

This research aims to determine the implications of collaborating group discussion methods with Problem Solving Learning in improving students' problem solving skills at SDN Pelita Jaya. This research uses qualitative research methods with a mini research approach to gain in-depth insight into interactions between students in structured learning. For three weeks, research was conducted at SDN Pelita Jaya involving sixth grade students. The group discussion method is used to facilitate student interaction in discussing Islamic ethical and moral values. Students are also given ethical situations or problems that require them to find solutions based on Islamic moral principles through the Problem Solving Learning approach. Qualitative data was collected through participant observation, interviews with students, and document analysis. The results of the analysis show a significant increase in students' ability to identify, analyze and overcome problems with a structured and directed approach. Apart from that, this collaborative learning method also strengthens student involvement in the learning process. This research provides in-depth insight into the positive potential of collaborative group discussion methods with Problem Solving Learning in improving students' problem solving skills. The results of these findings can provide a valuable contribution to the development of more effective learning strategies, especially in Islamic Religious Education subjects.

The development of ethnic diversity in Indonesia poses challenges in social interactions. This study aims to identify the factors influencing inter-ethnic harmony in the Jalan Gajah Mada area, Denpasar. Using a qualitative approach, data were obtained through observations and interviews. The results show that intense inter-ethnic interactions support cultural acculturation, reduce conflicts, and enhance harmony. Factors such as tolerance, cultural exchange, and economic harmonization play crucial roles in creating a harmonious environment. In conclusion, understanding these factors is important for maintaining progress and harmony in multi-ethnic areas like Jalan Gajah Mada, Denpasar, and can be applied in other regions facing similar conflicts. The research findings indicate two factors in each dimension, with the general cooperation factor being the most dominant at 49.176%, followed by non-religious tolerance at 42.351%, freedom of religion at 41.858%, support for inter-ethnic humanitarianism at 26.290%, inter-ethnic cooperation at 20.838%, and finally inter-religious tolerance at 20.107%.

This study investigates the impact of digital tools on collaborative learning among secondary school students. By analyzing various online platforms and educational apps, we examine how these tools foster teamwork, communication, and problem-solving skills. Data were collected from a sample of 300 students across five schools, using surveys and focus groups. Results show that students who used digital tools for collaboration demonstrated significant improvements in engagement, critical thinking, and peer interaction. The study concludes that integrating digital tools into classroom activities can enhance the effectiveness of collaborative learning.

The Real Work Lecture (Kuliah Kerja Nyata or KKN) at STIE Bima is a community empowerment activity carried out by students and Field Supervisors (DPL). This KKN program at STIE Bima took place from August 18 to October 18, 2023, in the Kolo Sub-District. It is undeniable that the Kolo Sub-District has natural potential that needs to be developed through tourism and marine resources by promoting Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) and creative industries to be more innovative. The method used in the implementation of the KKN at STIE Bima is through participatory approaches and community involvement in interactions and data collection with MSME actors at the Kolo Sub-District Office. The results obtained from this KKN program include the enhancement of the local community's knowledge in Kolo Sub-District in improving MSMEs and creative industries, thus creating new job opportunities for the community through the application of digital marketing and providing local tourism needs to attract both domestic and international tourists.