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The Protestant Reformation, initiated by Martin Luther in the 16th century, was a pivotal event in Christian history that shook the structure of the Catholic Church and had a profound impact on many aspects of life. This movement arose from dissatisfaction with church practices believed to be in conflict with Biblical teachings, such as the sale of indulgences. Through his 95 Theses, Luther emphasized that salvation could only be achieved through faith (sola fide) and that the Bible was the sole source of authority (sola scriptura). These teachings led to a split between the Catholic Church and Protestantism, sparking a broader theological reformation across Europe. Beyond its theological influence, the Protestant Reformation also brought about significant social, political, and cultural changes. Luther's teachings on the importance of education and literacy encouraged the translation of the Bible into local languages, allowing the faithful to access the Scriptures directly. The Reformation also introduced the concept of religious freedom and reshaped the relationship between church and state, with several countries adopting Protestantism as their official religion. Overall, the Protestant Reformation not only transformed the church's structure but also had a major impact on the development of Western social and political systems, creating new concepts of individual freedom and religious authority.

This research discusses the traditional dance Dikee Pam from Tuwi Eumpek village, Panga subdistrict, Aceh Jaya Regency, which has become one of the cultural heritage of Indonesia. The Dikee Pam traditional dance has been transformed from religious rituals into a performing art by having 16 likkok or movement variations and 16 male players and 2 radat. The basis of this research is motivated by the importance of preserving the traditional Dikee Pam dance. The main focus of the research is the performance, history, development, function and efforts to preserve Dikee Pam. This dance originally functioned as a ritual to celebrate the birthday of the Prophet Muhammad and has now developed into a performing art form that is performed at various official and entertainment events. The research method is a descriptive approach using interviews, observation and documentation. The results showed that interest in Dikee Pam is declining due to lack of financial support and lack of interest among the younger generation, which is the main challenge to its preservation. However, the local community is still trying to preserve this dance through the Aneuk Nanggroe studio. This research recommends the importance of documentation, integration into local education and the development of Dikee Pam as a potential cultural tourism to maintain sustainability,

This article discusses Jesus Christ's sacrifice on the cross as evidence of human atonement and its relevance to believers today. From the perspective of Christian faith, this event is considered a central point in the history of salvation, demonstrating divine grace and justice. Through a search of the meaning of Christ's sacrifice, this article provides a broad understanding of the meaning of Christ's suffering for man's atonement and explains how Christ's sacrifice is concrete evidence of unconditional love and the divine will to blot out human sin. Through the analysis of the meaning of redemption worked out by Jesus Christ, which will expand the theoretical basis of the purpose of Jesus' sacrifice on the cross. This article also provides a theory of the importance of understanding Christ's sacrifice on the cross, thus becoming a reference for believers in terms of faith and belief that through Christ's sacrifice brings redemption to believers. Meanwhile, the relevance of Christ's sacrifice on the cross will also affect several aspects of the believer's life, namely in terms of faith, confession, and holy living. In writing this article, a qualitative approach method is used with a literature study method. The search for the meaning of Christ's sacrifice can be studied from several perspectives, namely the theological perspective, the moral perspective and the psychologist's perspective. From a theological perspective, Christ's sacrifice is a form of God's love for man, so He sent His Son, Jesus Christ, as a sacrifice to redeem believers. So that the work of salvation done by Jesus Christ leads to a victory for believers because they have been redeemed and freed from the power of death, and also becomes a means of improving the relationship between man and God. From a moral perspective, it can be understood that Christ's sacrifice on the cross is an example of sacrifice and an example of love for believers. Thus, this article contributes to the understanding of Christ's sacrifice on the cross as a form of human atonement, and enriches the spiritual life of believers and strengthens faith, motivates spiritual life, and clarifies the moral principles underlying the Christian life.

The increasing divorce rate in South Sulawesi, particularly in Makassar, poses significant challenges to the protection of children's and women's rights. This study aims to enhance community understanding in Panampu Village regarding these rights post-divorce through legal counseling. The method used is Asset Based Community Development (ABCD), which involves the community in every stage of the activity, from problem identification to evaluation. The counseling event was held on November 15, 2024, attended by 50 participants, and the pre-test results indicated a low level of understanding. However, after the counseling, the post-test results showed a significant improvement in understanding, with all participants answering correctly regarding the rights of children and women. This activity is expected to contribute to increased legal awareness and the protection of children's and women's rights in the community

Children who do not want to go to school and cannot complete their schooling and cannot finish their schooling or in other words do not get a diploma. There are various reasons why children can drop out of school, such as lack of attention from parents, economic problems, low interest in going to school, helping parents at work, being involved in juvenile delinquency cases, low intelligence levels, socialization and also the school zoning system. The purpose of the observation is to obtain information from the consequences of the child leaving school and to help the child to accept himself that he is a child who dropped out of school, so as not to be inferior and lose hope and convince the client (counselee) that the counselee can return to school and achieve his goals. This observation uses a qualitative method, in this case collecting data about events or phenomena that occur, and using a client-focused approach (psychotherapy that focuses on the client to solve his own problems), the counselor's presence is to listen empathetically and be fully present, and a rational-emotive behavioral therapy approach (an approach that aims to help someone overcome emotional disturbances and think rationally). From the results of the study, pastoral counseling assistance with a client-centered approach and rational emotive behavior therapy can help people who drop out of school not lose confidence, if they see their peers going to school, can open up, be more diligent in worship and more eager to prepare themselves to return to school.

This study is motivated by several previous studies that conducted motivational research related to teenagers' visits to various types of events. The aim of this research is to validate the findings of previous studies by correlating external and internal motivations in the case study of the East Java Wayang Week (PWJ) event held at the “Taman Budaya Jawa Timur Cak Durasim” in Surabaya from November 6 to November 8, 2024. This study uses a mixed-method approach with an explanatory sequential design, where the researcher will analyze quantitative data regarding the general external motivations for attending the event. The findings from this quantitative analysis will then be further explored using a qualitative method to gain insights into the internal motivations of visitors to the event. Through the t-test results, a new finding was discovered, which differs from previous studies, where external motivation does not necessarily have a direct influence on the decision to attend the event. Interviews with several attendees of the East Java Wayang Week (PWJ) revealed that internal motivations also significantly influenced their decision to attend the event.

This research aims to optimize cross-cultural property marketing through the implementation of Integrated Marketing Communication (IMC) and competency training for the sales team at Central Group, one of the leading property developers in Batam. The main challenges faced by the company are the lack of cross-cultural communication skills in the sales team and a marketing strategy that is not yet fully integrated. Therefore, this program is designed to increase marketing effectiveness while strengthening brand image in the multicultural market. This research uses a descriptive-analytical method by collecting data through observation, interviews and documentation analysis. Research stages include planning, implementing training, implementing IMC strategies, monitoring and evaluation. The IMC strategy is implemented through various channels, including social media, paid advertising, traditional media, as well as organizing events such as the Central Property Festival. The research results show significant improvements in marketing strategy coordination, sales team skills, and synergy between the company and the local community. Apart from that, the implementation of IMC has been proven to be able to increase company brand awareness and support the growth of property sales in domestic and international markets. This research makes a practical and academic contribution by offering an integrated marketing strategy model that can be replicated in other property industry contexts. 

The wedding feast or yuamul farah in each tradition certainly has its distensing or uniqueness that gives birth to the characteristics of each region. The traditions carried out by each tribe of the community are certainly different from one another, one of which is the phenomenon practiced in the traditional events of the Mandailing tribe of North Sumatra which is still attached to this day is the tuor tradition in the Mandailing traditional marriage. Tuor is the name of the marriage dowry in the Mandailing customary agreement. The general description of tuor is: a man is obliged to give tuor to the woman he is going to marry. Tuor is a custom that has existed for a long time. For the people of Mandailing, the practice is as a form of preserving estavet tradition, although some of them do not know the origin of this tradition before. The author's observation on the area can be said that some people agree with the existence of this tuor tradition, but it is undeniable that there are other parts of the community who contradict the practice of the tuor because it can burden the party who will carry out the marriage. The party who feels burdened is the young man who is about to get married. Because sometimes the nominal size of the tuor results in delays in the marriage procession due to economic problems. The result of this study is that the Islamic perspective related to the tour inherited by the Mandailing community is not contradictory, because it is carried out on the basis that it both have aspects of willingness between one party and another. In addition, there is also a sense of family, agreement and also a sense of sincerity between the two sides of the family. The amount of the tuor is no longer a benchmark in Islamic considerations Because the form of the agreement between the two sides became the main foundation in establishing the tour.

Oeletsala Village Regulation Number 3 of 2020 Oeletsala Village Revenue and Expenditure Budget for Fiscal Year 2020, Oeletsala Village Regulation Number 3 of 2021 Oeletsala Village Revenue and Expenditure Budget for Fiscal Year 2021, Oeletsala Village Regulation Number 02 of 2022 Oeletsala Village Medium-Term Development Plan (RPJM-DESA) for 2022-2027, Oeletsala Village Regulation Number 01 of 2022 Accountability Report on the Realization of the Oeletsala Village Revenue and Expenditure Budget for Fiscal Year 2021,  Oeletsala Village Regulation Number 01 of 2023 Accountability Report on the Realization of the Oeletsala Village Revenue and Expenditure Budget for the 2022 Fiscal Year. This research is an empirical legal research based on events that occur in the field and research conducted directly. The sources of research data are primary data, secondary data and tertiary data. The analysis of legal materials uses analysis to test data from specific to general which is carried out in a juridical-qualitative manner and presented in a descriptive form. The results of the study show that: (1). Community participation is the active participation of community members as individuals, groups, or communities in joint decision-making, program planning and implementation, as well as the process of community development inside and outside the community. The basics of emotional awareness and responsibility. (2). internal obstacles to community participation in the formation of Oeletsala Village Regulations, related to low knowledge and education factors and community work factors that take up a lot of time, external community participation in the formation of Village Regulations, namely related to the role of the Oletsala Village government in building relationships with the community.

Sport tourism is an increasingly popular phenomenon, where individuals travel to participate in or watch sporting events. It represents a significant aspect of the modern tourism industry, merging interests in sports and travel. This article aims to explore the contributions of sport tourism to the local economy and its impacts on society and the environment. The findings indicate that sport tourism not only drives economic growth through increased tourist spending but also enhances social interactions and introduces local culture to visitors. The study emphasizes the need for sustainable practices to maximize benefits while addressing potential challenges.

Background: Menstruation is the discharge of blood from the genitals. At the time of menstruation, the blood vessels in the uterus are very susceptible to infection. In areas that are hot enough to make the body sweat, this sweat increases the body's moisture levels, especially in the closed and multiplied sexual and reproductive organs. Purpose: For this reason, this community service activity aims to socialize personal hygiene education during menstruation. Method: This community service activity uses the lecture method, and question and answer. The lecture method is carried out by delivering material about personal hygiene during menstruation. Meanwhile, the question and answer method is carried out by asking participants about the material that has been presented. Results: The results of this community service activity were obtained that participants were able to understand and apply the material that had been delivered. Conclusion: Based on the community service activities that have been carried out, many of the participants enthusiastically received the entire series of events ranging from material presentations to question and answer interactions.

Background : Nurses play an important role in providing nursing care to Space Occupying Lession (SOL) patients. Nurses directly assist patients and educate them about their disease and prevent rehospitalization. During hospitalization, patients require hemodynamic stabilization monitoring, use of various monitoring and life support devices, postoperative patient care, and crisis management in the event of loss of consciousness or sedation programs.  Purpose : This case study aims to perform 30ᵒ head elevation with SOL Intracranial o/t (L) Temporoparietal who has head pain. Methods : This research is a case report where the source of research data comes from the patient and the patient's family using interview techniques, observation, physical examination, and documentation study of nursing management prioritized according to the SDKI (Indonesian Nursing Diagnosis Standard), SLKI (Indonesian Nursing Outcomes Standard), and SIKI (Indonesian Nursing Intervention Standard): acute pain, decreased intracranial adaptive capacity and impaired physical mobility. Results : Decreased pain quality, increased intracranial adaptive capacity, and decreased physical mobility impairment indicate improvement in the patient's condition along with the nursing care provided. Conclusion : The results of routine nursing implementation coupled with the application of evidence-based nursing practice 30ᵒ head elevation intervention (30ᵒ head position intervention) to reduce pain along with the collaboration of pharmacological therapy administration of ketorolac injections were found to reduce the pain scale from a scale of 3 - 4 (mild - moderate) NRS to a pain scale of 2 (mild) NRS.

Character education is essential to foster good attitudes and habits among students, including social awareness (philanthropy). This study aims to explore more deeply how schools internalize philanthropic values through their programs. The research approach used is qualitative research with a case study type. The researcher used structured interviews, documentation, and observation with teachers and students to collect data. The results of the study show that efforts to foster a philanthropic spirit through school programs at SMA Muhammadiyah 1 Blitar have been successfully implemented, with programs such as the Friday Infaq, Smamone Cares, and the Blessing Can aimed at fostering empathy for others and instilling a habit of social care. These results are reinforced by changes in student attitudes, such as increased responsiveness and initiative in events requiring social assistance.    

This research aims to analyze the branding strategy through the Public Relations (PR) approach implemented by Janji Jiwa in increasing brand awareness in the local Indonesian coffee market. PR strategies have an important role in strengthening brand identity, creating emotional connections with audiences, and building customer loyalty. This research method uses a descriptive qualitative approach by collecting data through literature studies, interviews, and analysis of social media and the Janji Jiwa PR campaign. The research results show that Janji Jiwa utilizes consistent brand communication, strategic collaboration with influencers and communities, as well as creative campaigns based on authentic stories to create consumer engagement. Additionally, the integration of digital and offline activities, such as product launches, interactive content, and community events, successfully increases brand visibility and appeal. Continuous monitoring and evaluation of market trends and the effectiveness of PR campaigns is also key to the success of this branding strategy. This research provides practical insights for business people in developing PR strategies to build brand awareness in competitive industries.  

National Sports Week (PON) is the biggest sporting event in Indonesia, which brings together the best athletes from all provinces. In 2024, it will be the 21st PON which will take place in Aceh and North Sumatra. This research aims to analyze the framing of the editorial reporting on the Aceh-North Sumatra National Sports Week (PON) from two national media, namely Media Indonesia.com and Kompas.id using Robert Entman's framing analysis model. This analysis was carried out to find out how the two media frame the issue, highlight certain aspects, and their impact on readers. Based on research, it was found that the two media have different approaches in framing the 2024 Aceh-North Sumatra PON.

Islamic education reached its peak during the Abbasid Dynasty, precisely from the eighth to the thirteenth centuries AD. This period is often referred to as the "Islamic Golden Age", during which Baghdad, the capital of the Abbasids, became the center of world knowledge and culture. The purpose of this study is to analyze the glory of Islamic education before the collapse of Baghdad, the factors that caused the collapse of Baghdad, and analyze the impact and efforts to revive Islamic education. The benefits of this article are expected to provide an in-depth understanding of the relationship between the collapse of the center of Islamic civilization and the decline of education, as well as provide relevant historical insights to rebuild the glory of Islamic education in modern times. The author uses a qualitative method with the type of library research, the main sources of data in this research are books and websites relevant to Islamic history, as well as scientific journal articles that discuss Islamic history from various perspectives, both published in national and international journals. The data obtained will be analyzed qualitatively with a descriptive approach to identify the main themes and gain a better understanding of the Decline of Islamic Education: An Analysis of the Impact of the Fall of Baghdad in 1258 AD. The fall of Baghdad in 1258 AD became one of the most tragic events in the history of Islamic civilization, especially in the field of education. The destruction of the city resulted in the loss of educational centers, such as Baitul Hikmah, as well as valuable manuscripts and scientific works. The disconnected scientific tradition and intellectual stagnation are a long-term impact felt by the Islamic world. After the fall of Baghdad, many scholars took an important role in efforts to revitalize Islamic education. They moved to new territories, bringing with them the science and scientific traditions of Baghdad.

The existence of a myth in a society is not only a story, the existence of a myth in a society can also shape moral values and norms for that society. The aim of this research is to find out the morals and behavior of the Sukau village community regarding the myth of the Naga Mas Lake Ranau. This research method is a qualitative descriptive method. This research uses literature study analysis theory, namely by collecting data by understanding and studying theories from various literature related to research. In conclusion, moral values and norms in society can be formed based on an incident or event that develops in a particular society. As happened in Sukau Village, the result of the presence of the golden dragon gave them restrictions on all their activities and the way they behaved, because there was a reciprocal relationship that occurred in all the behavior they carried out.

The word bullying comes from English, namely from the word bull, which means a bull who likes to butt heads here and there. this term was eventually taken to describe a destructive act. Meanwhile, according to the Big Indonesian Dictionary (KBBI), the term bullying is the equivalent of bullying. Bullying comes from the word rundung which means to disturb, constantly bother, make trouble. Bullying means the process, method, act of bullying which can be interpreted as someone who uses force to hurt or intimidate people who are weaker than the perpetrator of the bullying (Sripurwaningsih, 2017). According to Kim et al (Anhar, 2014) online games are games where people can play at the same time via an online communication network (LAN or internet). Young (Andrew, 2017) stated that online games are games that are played online via the internet.

This research aims to determine the existence of the Rebana Annisa Music Group in Kasikan village, Tapung Hulu District, Kampar Regency, Riau Province. The theories used in this research are M. Save Dagun's theory (in Gracia Destari Mujianto and Eko Raharjo, 2019: 129) and the book by Drs. Save M. Dagun with the title Philosophy of Existentialism, Rineka created 1990, with indicators namely Work Activities, Having Facts, and Efforts to Maintain Existence. The method used in this research is qualitative with data collection techniques in the form of observation, interviews and documentation. In accordance with the title, this research was conducted in Kasikan village, Tapung Hulu District, Kampar Regency, Riau Province. The subjects in this research were 10 people. The findings of this research are (i) In view of the work activities of the Annisa Tambourine Music Group in Kasikan Village, it is still well known in the village and there are still many who use this Tambourine Music Group for events in Kasikan Village, marked with the practice schedule and implementation of the music group. (ii) Having facts, this Tambourine music group is recognized for its existence by performing songs which often contain songs that have educational elements in them as well as Islamic values ​​in them. (iii) The efforts made to maintain its existence, this Tambourine music group performs at events in Kasikan villages and adapts the songs they perform for these events, inviting successors such as young people or housewives to join in becoming members of Tambourine. and increasing interest among citizens, especially women, to join in establishing other tambourine music groups, so that the existing tambourine groups in Kaksian village continue to exist.

When it comes to crime, evidence is an issue that plays an important role in the legal process. This evidence determines the fate of the accused. In the event that the results of the examination of evidence based on the evidence provided by law are not sufficient to prove the guilt of the accused, if the guilt of the accused can be proven based on evidence, the accused is acquitted. According to Article 184 of the Criminal Procedure Code, a defendant must be punished first before being sentenced. Expert testimony is valid evidence, and Visum et Repertum can also be used as evidence to replace a manuscript in the form of a letter because Visum et Repertum is one aspect of the role of experts and/or expert testimony, so the relationship between the two cannot be separated. This study aims to determine the role of forensic legal experts in proving the cause of death and the position of evidence to reveal the cause of death of the victim. The method used in this study is normative legal research, using a statute approach and a case approach. The results of this study indicate that the role of forensic legal experts and the regulation of criminal law based on the evidentiary power of the visum et repertum in proving the cause of the victim's death.