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This study aims to analyze the importance of regulating property division agreements as a requirement in polygamy permit applications, using the approach of Aristotle's theory of justice, as well as maqā ṣ id al- syarī'ah in Islamic law. The type of research is normative, which includes conceptual and philosophical analysis of law, as well as comparative research on property regulation practices in the family law system. The study shows that the practice of polygamy tends to result in economic inequality, neglect of the rights of the first wife and children, and legal conflicts related to the ownership and division of joint property. There are two approaches to property division: equal distribution of property and division of property based on contribution. The results indicate that the contribution-based approach is fairer and more relevant to modern society, especially since women are increasingly involved in household expenses. The principle of sadd al-dzarī'ah also states that this agreement is very important as a preventive measure against possible damage that occurs in the household. Practically, this study proposes the implementation of regulations in state law to require property division agreements as a formal requirement in polygamy permit applications. Combining western and Islamic values of justice within a socially just family law framework is the main focus of this research.

Background: Patient safety in hospitals is a crucial aspect in efforts to prevent unwanted events (KTD) that can endanger patients. Unwanted events (KTD) often occur during the patient transfer process in hospitalized patients. Objective: To determine nurses' compliance with the implementation of the sbar method in patient transfers to improve patient safety. Method: This study is a quantitative study with a descriptive approach. The study was conducted in the inpatient ward of Murni Teguh Hospital Medan. The population, namely 252 implementing nurses and 50 samples were obtained. Sampling was carried out using purposive sampling. Analysis was carried out univariately in a frequency distribution table. Results: This study shows that the characteristics of nurses at Murni Teguh Hospital Medan are mostly female (92.0%), aged 20-35 years (52.0%), with a Bachelor's degree in Nursing (76.0%). Nurses' compliance in carrying out SBAR communication during patient transfers at Murni Teguh Hospital Medan is in the compliant category (60.0%), fairly compliant category (34.0%), and less compliant category (6.0%). Conclusion: Nurses are compliant in implementing the SBAR method during patient transfers to improve patient safety. Suggestion: Nurses at Murni Teguh Hospital Medan are advised to continue to improve their competence in using SBAR communication, especially in critical patient transfer situations.

This study aims to analyze variations in flood inundation heights in Medan City through 2024 using a quantitative approach based on Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The data used include field surveys, flood hazard maps, rainfall data, land use, and regional topography. The results show that flood heights vary between 0 and 100 cm, with distribution influenced by a combination of rainfall intensity, land use changes, drainage capacity, and topographic characteristics. The northern area of ​​the city has the highest flood heights and risk, driven by low elevation, inadequate drainage systems, and proximity to the coast and major rivers. This study emphasizes the importance of drainage management, river normalization, and spatial utilization control as effective and sustainable flood mitigation measures in Medan City. The findings of this study recommend improvements to the drainage system, river normalization, spatial utilization control, and the use of spatial data as a basis for more effective and sustainable flood mitigation planning in Medan City.

The livestock sector in Gowa Regency, South Sulawesi, has great potential but is often threatened by outbreaks of Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD), which cause significant economic losses. This study aims to evaluate the FMD control policies implemented by the Gowa Regency Government based on William Dunn's six policy evaluation criteria: effectiveness, efficiency, adequacy, equity, responsiveness, and accuracy. The study used a qualitative approach with primary data collected through in-depth interviews with key informants from the Livestock and Animal Health Division of the Gowa Regency Livestock and Plantation Service and supporting data from various literature. The findings show that the FMD control policy is effective in achieving zero cases, but efficiency is hampered by limited medical personnel (only two veterinarians) and operational budget dependence entirely on the Central Government. Vaccine adequacy is a pull sistem (demand-driven) and compensation distribution is carried out fairly. Community responsiveness increased after severe losses, and policy accuracy was considered most optimal in the implementation of biosecurity and sanitation while promoting vaccination. As a recommendation, the Gowa Government needs to recruit contract workers in the field of animal health, allocate funds for the procurement of operational vehicles and equipment to support laboratory facilities, and issue a Regent Regulation that strictly regulates the implementation of biosecurity and livestock housing patterns in high-risk areas.

The growth in the number of vehicles in Surabaya has led to increased traffic congestion, particularly on the Perak Timur–Perak Barat road section, which serves as a major distribution route to the port and industrial areas. Problems arise at U-Turn points, where vehicle accumulation hampers traffic flow. This study analyzes traffic volume, travel time, queue length, and queue ratio at two U-Turn points on this section. The method used was a field survey with direct observation of vehicle volume every 15 minutes, vehicle classification, and queue length. Traffic volume was calculated using the Passenger Car Equivalent (PCE) factor based on the 1997 MKJI standards. The study results show that at Point 1, east–west direction, the highest queue ratio occurred on Tuesday from 11:00 to 12:00 (p = 4.84), while the lowest was on Sunday from 06:00 to 07:00 (p = 0.21). At Point 2, west–east direction, the highest queue ratio occurred on Tuesday from 08:00 to 09:00 (p = 6.18), and the lowest from 06:00 to 07:00 (p = 0.41). These findings indicate that during peak hours, traffic congestion increases (p > 1), causing long queues, particularly in the west–east direction in the morning. The performance of the U-Turn on the Perak Timur–Perak Barat road section needs improvement, with recommendations such as temporarily closing U-Turns during high volumes, providing alternative U-Turn lanes, and adding signs to minimize the potential for vehicle conflicts.

This study analyzes the practice of staple food price manipulation at Cik Puan Market in Pekanbaru, which is alleged to be carried out by a group of traders through stockpiling, supply coordination, and price regulation that could potentially cause market distortions. This phenomenon has led to unreasonable price increases in strategic commodities such as chili, onions, rice, cooking oil, and chicken, thereby negatively affecting consumers and regional economic stability. This research uses a normative juridical approach with descriptive qualitative analysis methods, supported by empirical data from local government reports, official news, and findings from trade department supervision. The results of the study indicate that these price manipulation practices are in violation of Articles 5, 11, and 19 of Law No. 5 of 1999 about Consumer Protection. This study emphasizes that the weak supervision of the supply chain in traditional markets, as well as the minimal coordination between agencies, causes price manipulation practices to continue repeatedly. It is necessary to strengthen law enforcement, ensure transparency in the distribution of basic necessities, and enhance the role of local governments and the KPPU in order to create stable, competitive, and fair prices for the public.

This study aims to analyze the spatial patterns of ambulance transport demand in Semarang City based on patients’ origin subdistricts, origin villages, and destination healthcare facilities. The analysis employed the K-Means Clustering algorithm as a data mining method to group areas according to similarities in the volume of ambulance requests. The dataset consisted of ambulance transport service records from January 2024 to September 2025, obtained from the Semarang City Health Office. The analytical procedures included data cleaning, normalization, determination of the optimal number of clusters using the Elbow Method, and cluster formation using K-Means. The results show two main clusters for subdistricts and destination healthcare facilities. High-demand subdistricts were generally densely populated areas such as Banyumanik and Pedurungan, with an average of 1,256 requests, while RSUP Dr. Kariadi emerged as the dominant referral facility with 3,893 requests. Meanwhile, village-level origins formed three clusters, with average demands of 549 (high), 190 (medium), and 36 (low). These findings are expected to support strategic planning for equitable ambulance fleet distribution and improved efficiency of patient transportation services in Semarang City.

This study aimed to analyze the level of understanding of fraction concepts among fourth-grade students at SDIT Al Hidayah Pekanbaru and to identify effective learning strategies. Mathematics, particularly the concept of fractions, often poses a significant challenge at the primary education level. The research employed a descriptive quantitative approach, with primary data collected through the distribution of a questionnaire to 30 students. This questionnaire was designed to measure the students' mastery level of basic concepts, operations, and application of fractions.The findings indicate that the students' level of understanding of fraction concepts is in the very good category. This is evidenced by the questionnaire data, where 63.33% of respondents selected the "Strongly Agree" category and 25.71% selected "Agree," resulting in a cumulative total of 89.04% positive responses. This strong positive dominance suggests that the majority of students have mastered the fundamental concepts and can apply them. The results support the idea that contextual, interactive teaching methods, coupled with the use of manipulative media (as also suggested by relevant studies), are highly effective in facilitating students' deep conceptual understanding. The main conclusion is that implementing learning approaches oriented toward real-world contexts, combined with the use of instructional media, significantly improves student comprehension of fraction material. These findings are expected to serve as a valuable reference for teachers and stakeholders in developing more innovative and effective teaching methods in Primary Schools.

The coffee industry in Indonesia is growing rapidly and encouraging coffee shops, including MSMEs, to strengthen their branding strategies through digital media. This study aims to design and evaluate Instagram social media content to increase brand awareness of Kamala Kopi, a local coffee shop in Gunungpati, Semarang. The method used is the Multimedia Development Life Cycle (MDLC) with stages of concept, design, material collection, assembly, testing, and distribution. The content produced consists of music videos, promotional posters, and menu visuals, which were then tested through internal and external validation, as well as a questionnaire administered to 68 respondents. The research results showed a positive and significant influence of Instagram content on brand awareness of 1.007 with a coefficient of determination of 90.4%. These findings confirm that content on Instagram social media plays an important role in strengthening the visibility of SME brands and can be an effective strategy to increase brand awareness.

This study aims to analyze the implementation of Total Quality Management (TQM) in improving service quality at KPUD Tani Wilis, particularly in the supply and distribution of livestock feed. The research employs a descriptive qualitative approach with data collected through in-depth interviews and direct observations involving cooperative management, employees, and customers. Data were analyzed using an interactive model consisting of data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings indicate that TQM implementation has been relatively effective, reflected through three key components: customer value strategy, organizational systems, and continuous quality improvement. Services are perceived as responsive, polite, and informative, supported by adequate delivery facilities. The main challenge lies in occasional delays in feed delivery caused by weather conditions, which affect customer perceptions of reliability. Overall, TQM contributes positively to service quality, customer satisfaction, and operational effectiveness, although further improvements in risk management and service consistency are needed to achieve optimal quality.

This community service program aims to describe the implementation and impact of “Persekutuan Hamba Tuhan,” a diaconal initiative conducted by GBI Jemaat Kasih Surabaya to support 80 pastors serving in small congregations around the M3 area of Surabaya. The background of the program stems from ongoing socioeconomic challenges affecting church ministers in the post-pandemic period, particularly those serving in churches with limited resources and unstable financial support. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, data were collected through observation of the program activities, documentation of the distribution process, and testimonies from both recipients and church members. The results show three major outcomes. First, the distribution of food packages and basic daily necessities significantly reduced the economic burden of the participating pastors, providing a sense of relief and stability for their households. Second, the program strengthened congregational solidarity, as more than fifty church members actively engaged in fundraising, packaging, and direct service, building a stronger culture of compassion and shared responsibility. Third, the fellowship activities—consisting of worship, preaching, prayer, and personal encouragement—provided emotional and spiritual strengthening that renewed the pastors’ motivation and confidence in their ministry. Overall, this program demonstrates that integrated diaconal service combining material aid, spiritual encouragement, and relational support can offer meaningful impact for vulnerable church ministers. The findings also highlight the potential of this model to be replicated in other church settings as a holistic, community-based ministry approach. It is recommended that future programs expand coverage, incorporate long-term follow-up, and explore empowerment components to enhance sustainable impact.

Pancur Batu District, as one of the areas in Deli Serdang Regency, is experiencing the dynamics of regional development and pressure on land. The total area of ​​Pancur Batu District in Deli Serdang Regency is 122.53 km2. Information on the current land use conditions is essential to support spatial planning and sustainable development policy making. This study aims to identify, map, and analyze the distribution of Sustainable development. This study aims to identify, map and analyze the distribution of land use in Pancur Batu sub-district by utilizing remote sensing technology. The method used is visual interpretation and on-screen digitization using high-resolution satellite imagery from Google Earth in 2024. Land use classification is divided into several main classes, such as settlements, open land and road networks. The main result of this study is a land use map of Pancur Batu sub-district with a 1: 63,360 map that presents a special distribution of each land use class. From the results of the map analysis, it is known that land use is dominated by open land. Meanwhile, identified residential areas are growing rapidly along the main road network. The resulting map can be accurate and up-to-date basic data for the Deli Serdang district government for monitoring, evaluating land suitability, and controlling space use in Pancur Batu sub-district.

This research seeks to assess the impact of Leadership Style and Work Discipline on Employee Performance at CV Nusa Indah 10 located in Solok City, utilizing a sample of 32 respondents and adopting quantitative methods. The sampling technique employed is Total Sampling. Data collection was carried out through the distribution of a questionnaire. Multiple regression analysis revealed the equation for the variables Leadership Style and Work Discipline's effect on Employee Performance to be Y = 12.024 + 0.220 X1 + 0.482 X2 + e. The t-test indicated that Leadership Style (X1) significantly affects Employee Performance, as demonstrated by a t-count of 2.201, which is greater than the t-table value of 2.04523, with a significance level of 0.036, which is less than 0.05. Consequently, Ha was accepted while H0 was rejected. Additionally, Work Discipline (X2) significantly influences Employee Performance, with a t-count of 5.409 surpassing the t-table value of 2.04523, and a significance level of 0.000, which is also below 0.05. This led to the acceptance of Ha and rejection of H0. The F test results showed that both Leadership Style and Work Discipline jointly affect Employee Performance, with an f count of 51.591 exceeding the f table value of 3.33, and a significance level of 0.000, which is under 0.05. Furthermore, the R Square value obtained is 0.781, indicating that Leadership Style and Work Discipline collectively account for 78.1% of the variance in Employee Performance at CV Nusa Indah 10 in Solok City, with the remaining variance attributed to other factors not examined in this study.

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of natural resource management, particularly water and soil, in increasing agricultural production in Sampali Village, Percut Sei Tuan District, Deli Serdang Regency. The research approach used was descriptive qualitative through field observations, in-depth interviews with farmers and village officials, and documentation studies from relevant agencies. The results indicate that the irrigation system in Sampali Village is not operating effectively, characterized by shallowing of canals, damaged irrigation walls, and blockages that cause uneven water distribution. This condition has a significant impact on crop yields, with a difference in production between upstream and downstream areas reaching 1.9 tons/ha. Furthermore, soil quality has also declined due to the excessive use of chemical fertilizers, as indicated by a soil pH that tends to be acidic (5.4–6.0), low organic matter content (1.2–1.8%), and decreased soil biological activity. Factors influencing the effectiveness of water and soil management include technical, environmental, socio-economic, and institutional aspects. This study concludes that natural resource management in Sampali Village is still suboptimal, necessitating improvements to irrigation infrastructure, increased use of organic fertilizers, and institutional strengthening and farmer mentoring. These efforts are expected to support sustainable agricultural productivity gains.  

Blood pressure is the pressure exerted by blood pumped by the heart against the walls of the arteries. Abnormalities in blood pressure can take the form of high blood pressure or hypertension and low blood pressure or hypotension. Hypertension is a non-communicable disease that is one of the risk factors for cardiovascular disease, and sufferers often do not show any symptoms. This community service activity aimed to examine the results of blood pressure measurements among inmates at the Class IIB Detention Center in Masohi City. This study used a descriptive observational design with a cross-sectional approach. There were 95 inmates who participated in this activity. Data analysis was conducted using quantitative descriptive methods to describe the blood pressure measurement results based on demographic data such as age, gender, education level, occupation, height, and weight. The results showed that most respondents were in the 20-30 age range (44.2%) and male (91.6%). The level of education shows that most respondents only completed high school (54.7%) and the majority worked as farmers (30.5%). Anthropometric characteristics in terms of height show that most respondents were between 140-160 cm (47.4%) and weighed between 51-60 kg (43.2%). The distribution of blood pressure shows that most respondents are in the pre-hypertension (40%), normal (29.5%), grade 1 hypertension (17.9%), and grade 2 hypertension (10.5%). Therefore, routine blood pressure checks need to be carried out so that inmates in detention centers can avoid hypertension, which can be a risk factor for cardiovascular disease.

This study aims to analyze in depth the role of drumband extracurricular activities in developing motor and cognitive abilities of early childhood at Aisyiyah Bustanul Athfal 50 Kindergarten, Surabaya. This study uses a qualitative approach with data collection methods through direct observation, in-depth interviews, and the distribution of questionnaires involving teachers, parents, and students as research subjects. The results show that drumband activities provide a positive contribution to the development of gross and fine motor skills of children, especially through rhythmic movement exercises, hand-eye coordination, and body control when playing musical instruments. In addition to motor aspects, drumband activities also play a role in improving children's cognitive abilities, such as concentration, memory, the ability to follow instructions, and understanding musical patterns and rhythms. Children's active participation in drumband activities also helps shape discipline, the ability to work together in groups, and increases children's self-confidence. Thus, drumband extracurricular activities can be used as an effective and enjoyable learning medium to support the motor and cognitive development of early childhood holistically and sustainably.  

This study aims to analyze the effect of welfare inequality on poverty levels on the island of Sumatra. Welfare inequality is measured using the Gini Index, while poverty levels are measured by the percentage of the poor population at the provincial level. This study uses a quantitative method with a panel data approach covering ten provinces on the island of Sumatra during the period 2020–2024. The analytical techniques used include panel data regression with fixed and random effects models, as well as classical assumption testing to ensure model validity. The results show that welfare inequality has a positive and significant effect on poverty levels, meaning that increasing inequality in income distribution tends to increase the number of poor people. This finding indicates that uneven economic growth can worsen the welfare of the community, especially low-income groups. Therefore, more inclusive and sustainable development policies are needed, particularly in increasing equitable access to education, health services, and productive employment opportunities to reduce inequality and poverty levels on the island of Sumatra.

The development of information technology (IT) has become a crucial element in improving operational efficiency and business competitiveness in the digital era. This study aims to design an information technology infrastructure strategy for a local skincare company that currently still faces obstacles due to fragmented communication processes and manual data recording. The research method uses the Ward and Peppard framework, supported by SWOT and Value Chain analysis to identify the internal and external business environment and formulate an IS/IT strategy that aligns with the business strategy. The research approach is descriptive qualitative through interviews, observations, and literature studies. The analysis results indicate that the main problem lies in the lack of infrastructure capable of integrating production, distribution, and inventory management processes. Based on these findings, this study recommends designing an infrastructure strategy that supports the implementation of the integrated system "Sivendor". This system functions as a hub that connects workflows between production vendors, warehouses, and sales departments. In conclusion, this study produces a blueprint for an adaptive IT infrastructure strategy as a technical foundation to minimize data errors, improve operational efficiency, and support real-time decision-making.

This study discusses consumer protection in the circulation of illegal cosmetic products through electronic commerce systems, focusing on the implementation of Law Number 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection. The main problems of the research include legal regulations related to illegal cosmetics, legal provisions regarding electronic commerce, and consumer protection mechanisms against the circulation of illegal cosmetics on e-commerce platforms. This study uses a qualitative method with a normative legal research approach through literature studies, which involves primary, secondary, and tertiary data sources. The results of the study show that cosmetic distribution permits are regulated in the Regulation of the Food and Drug Supervisory Agency Number 12 of 2023 concerning the Supervision of the Manufacture and Circulation of Cosmetics. In electronic commerce, transactions occur electronically between sellers and buyers by involving a third party as the platform provider. Dispute resolution between consumers and business actors is regulated in the Consumer Protection Law through two channels, namely litigation and out-of-court dispute resolution. The research concluded that every cosmetic in circulation must have a distribution permit in the form of a BPOM Notification, and business actors are responsible for providing compensation in the form of refunds or product replacements. The research recommendations emphasize the importance of consumer prudence, honesty of business actors, and the government's firmness in handling consumer problems.

This study explores the implementation of e-Government within the context of Bawaslu (Election Supervisory Agency) and its impact on governance and public trust. The results reveal that, from the support aspect, the success of e-Government implementation is largely driven by the commitment of leadership, which provides essential policies, human resources (HR) training, and technological facilities. However, challenges remain in terms of limited infrastructure and budget constraints at the district and city levels. Regarding the capacity aspect, Bawaslu already possesses competent HR, particularly among the younger generation, and adequate infrastructure. Nevertheless, there is still a need for improvement in the distribution of employee capabilities through continuous training and mentoring. Lastly, from the value perspective, e-Government has proven to deliver tangible benefits, such as increased efficiency, transparency, accountability, and an enhanced public trust in the institution. However, further efforts are required in areas such as system socialization, maintenance, and data security to maximize these benefits. This research highlights the importance of continuous development in both human and technological resources to ensure the optimal success of e-Government initiatives in enhancing governance and service delivery.