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Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) is a manifestation of malnutrition characterized by an inadequate energy intake over a prolonged period in pregnant women, resulting in adverse health outcomes due to a relative or absolute deficiency of one or more essential nutrients. The 2023 SKI results indicate that malnutrition among pregnant women remains a problem, with nearly 3 out of 10 pregnant women experiencing anemia and 17% at risk of CED. According to data from the Jambi City Health Office, Putri Ayu Public Health Center (Puskesmas Putri Ayu) has the highest number of CED cases, with 67 affected pregnant women. The main objective of this study is to explain the underlying factors contributing to the high prevalence of Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) and to inform the development of evidence-based health interventions aimed at reducing this condition. This study employed a quantitative research method with a case-control design. The sampling technique used was purposive total sampling, involving 78 pregnant women in the Putri Ayu Public Health Center area, Jambi City. Data collection was conducted in October 2024, using a questionnaire as the research instrument. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test. The results showed a significant relationship between CED and parity (p=0.034), anemia (p=0.013), attitude (p=0.000), and the role of health workers (p=0.000). No significant relationship was found between CED and age (p=1.000), pregnancy spacing (p=0.615), and knowledge (p=0.359) in pregnant women. The findings indicate that parity, anemia, attitude, and the role of health workers are significantly associated with the occurrence of CED in pregnant women, while age, pregnancy spacing, and knowledge are not significantly associated.

This study aims to examine the investment performance of the Financial Institution Pension Fund (DPLK) and the associated challenges, utilizing investment performance data analysis. The findings indicate that the aggregate return on investment for DPLK over the past six years (2019-2024) has reached 6.09%. This is lower than the industry average of 6.99% during the same period. The annual investment performance of DPLK shows the following: 6.18% in 2024, 5.88% in 2023, 3.41% in 2022, 4.06% in 2021, 8.89% in 2020, and 8.17% in 2019. Despite some fluctuations, these results are still considered suboptimal. Key challenges facing DPLK include market volatility, interest rate risk, longevity risk (longer participant lifespan), balancing return and risk, regulatory compliance, inflation, limited education and financial literacy, changing investment trends, and human resource competencies. To improve performance, DPLK must enhance its investment management quality by addressing these challenges and adopting strategies that optimize returns while managing risks.

Fever is a condition characterized by an increase in body temperature as a response to infection or inflammation, and it is one of the most common clinical symptoms in various diseases. The excessive use of synthetic antipyretics such as paracetamol can lead to side effects; therefore, safer and natural-based alternatives are needed. This study aims to determine the antipyretic activity of betel leaf and to compare its effectiveness with that of paracetamol.This research was conducted using an experimental laboratory method with a completely randomized design. The test subjects were male white rats (Rattus norvegicus) of the Wistar strain, induced with fever using a 20% yeast suspension. The rats were divided into five groups: negative control, positive control (paracetamol), and three treatment groups with low, medium, and high doses of the extract. Body temperature was measured every 30 minutes for 180 minutes after treatment. The data were statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc test.The results showed that the [plant extract] exhibited significant antipyretic activity (p < 0.05) compared to the negative control, especially at medium and high doses. The effectiveness of the highest dose was comparable to that of paracetamol. This antipyretic effect is presumed to be associated with the presence of flavonoids and tannins that may inhibit the synthesis of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), a key mediator in the fever response.In conclusion,betel leaf has potential as an effective natural antipyretic agent and may be developed as a safer herbal-based alternative for fever treatment.

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrine disorder affecting reproductive-age women and is closely associated with metabolic disturbances such as overweight and insulin resistance. More than 50% of women with PCOS are overweight, which exacerbates ovulatory dysfunction and increases androgen levels. Insulin resistance, found in approximately 50% of PCOS patients—even those with normal body weight—triggers hyperinsulinemia that stimulates androgen production and suppresses ovulation. This study aims to analyze the contribution of overweight and insulin resistance to the development of PCOS through a literature review approach. Scientific articles were retrieved from databases such as PubMed and Google Scholar, focusing on publications from the last five years. The findings indicate that overweight and insulin resistance mutually reinforce hormonal and ovulatory dysfunction typical in PCOS patients. Recent studies show that higher body mass index (BMI) and elevated HOMA-IR levels are strongly associated with menstrual irregularities, hyperandrogenism, and reduced quality of life. In conclusion, overweight and insulin resistance are two major contributing factors to PCOS pathogenesis and influence reproductive success. Clinical management should consider a comprehensive approach targeting both factors through lifestyle interventions and pharmacological therapy.

Diabetes Mellitus is a disease characterized by hyperglycemia and metabolic disorders in the body which are associated with a lack of insulin secretion. Generally, DM therapy can be carried out using pharmacology and non-pharmacology. Non-pharmacological therapy that can be carried out is AAROM therapy and a low carbohydrate diet. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of AAROM therapy and a low carbohydrate diet on reducing blood glucose levels in elderly people suffering from type 2 DM in Ngepoh Village. This type of research isPre-experimentalby designTwo groups pre-post test. The total population was 90 respondents and the sample size was 33 elderly respondents suffering from type 2 DM in Ngepoh Village which were taken by purposive sampling. Data collection in this research used questionnaires and observation sheets. Analyzed with SPSS 20 using testsMan Whitney. The results of this study showed that the average blood glucose value in the control group was 282 mg/dl pre glucose and 177 mg/dl post glucose. Meanwhile, the mean blood glucose value in the treatment group with pre glucose was 295 mg/dl and post glucose was 144 mg/dl and there was an effect of AAROM therapy and a low carbohydrate diet on reducing blood glucose levels in elderly people suffering from type 2 DM in Ngepoh Village (ρ = 0.000 < α= 0.005) So type 2 DM sufferers are expected to be able to control blood glucose, one of them is by doing AAROM Therapy and a low carbohydrate diet. AAROM therapy can reduce insulin resistance, making it easier for glucose to enter cells, preventing obesity, and improving venous blood flow.

Based on observations, several cases of Needle Stick Injury (NSI) were found in nurses in the inpatient unit of RSUD H. Abdul Manap Jambi City during the vulnerable years 2022 to 2024. The risk of Needle Stick Injury (NSI) can cause infections such as HBV (Hepatitis B), HCV (Hepatitis C), and HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus). The purpose of this study was to determine the factors associated with the incidence of NSI in nurses in the inpatient unit of RSUD H. Abdul Manap Jambi City. This study is a quantitative study using an analytic survey with a cross sectional approach. The instruments used were structured questionnaires and observation sheets that were prepared based on literature review and had been tested for validity and reliability. This instrument selection was carried out to obtain data in accordance with the research objectives. The population in this study were 78 executive nurses in the inpatient unit with sampling using sampling techniques (total sampling). Data analysis used the chi-squre test to identify the determinants of the incidence of NSI. The results of this study showed the incidence of Needle Stick Injury (NSI) in nurses in the inpatient unit of RSUD H. Abdul Manap Jambi City who had experienced (43.6%) and who had not (56.4%). There is a relationship between K3 training and the incidence of Needle Stick Injury (NSI) (p = 0.000), work shifts with the incidence of NSI (p = 0.000), and there is no relationship between the use of PPE with the incidence of NSI (p = 0.278). It is concluded that there is a relationship between the incidence of Needle Stick Injury (NSI) in nurses at the inpatient unit of RSUD H. Abdul Manap Jambi City, namely K3 training and work shifts. While those that are not related, namely the use of PPE because it is not statistically significant.

This study aims to analyze the legal implications of the luxury goods Value Added Tax (VAT) increase policy in Indonesia, which will take effect in January 2025. This policy is based on Law Number 7 of 2021 on the Harmonization of Tax Regulations and its derivative regulations, with the objective of increasing state revenue and reducing the consumption of luxury goods, which is often associated with economic inequality. This research employs a normative method with a literature study approach, analyzing tax regulations, academic journals, and relevant literature. The findings indicate that while this policy may enhance tax revenue and reduce economic disparity, its implementation faces challenges related to legal certainty, tax compliance, and its impact on consumer purchasing power and investment in the luxury goods sector. Additionally, the potential rise in tax disputes due to differing interpretations of luxury goods classification is a major concern. Therefore, clear regulations, a more transparent tax administration mechanism, and economic impact mitigation strategies are necessary to ensure the effectiveness and fairness of this policy implementation.This study aims to analyze the legal implications of the luxury goods Value Added Tax (VAT) increase policy in Indonesia, which will take effect in January 2025. This policy is based on Law Number 7 of 2021 on the Harmonization of Tax Regulations and its derivative regulations, with the objective of increasing state revenue and reducing the consumption of luxury goods, which is often associated with economic inequality. This research employs a normative method with a literature study approach, analyzing tax regulations, academic journals, and relevant literature. The findings indicate that while this policy may enhance tax revenue and reduce economic disparity, its implementation faces challenges related to legal certainty, tax compliance, and its impact on consumer purchasing power and investment in the luxury goods sector. Additionally, the potential rise in tax disputes due to differing interpretations of luxury goods classification is a major concern. Therefore, clear regulations, a more transparent tax administration mechanism, and economic impact mitigation strategies are necessary to ensure the effectiveness and fairness of this policy implementation.

Work fatigue and Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) are common health issues among workers in the weaving industry. Fatigue often results from excessive workload, while MSD complaints typically include pain in the back, neck, wrists, elbows, and legs. This study used a cross-sectional design with a total sample of 45 active weavers in Numponi Village. The results showed significant associations between work fatigue and age (p=0.003), work duration (p=0.007), working posture (p=0.002), workload (p=0.014), and working hours (p=0.017), but not with temperature (p=0.561). Similarly, MSD complaints were significantly associated with age (p=0.001), work duration (p=0.003), working posture (p=0.025), workload (p=0.003), and working hours (p=0.002), with no significant link to temperature (p=0.826). It is recommended that weavers apply proper ergonomic principles to reduce the risk of fatigue and MSDs.

The use of criminal law in crime prevention efforts tends to only function as a treatment step for symptoms that appear, not as a tool that is able to eliminate the root causes of crime itself. Criminal law focuses on imposing sanctions on perpetrators as a form of retribution and special prevention, but often does not touch on the underlying factors that drive a person to commit a crime, such as economic conditions, social environment, and education. One of the most frequent forms of crime in society is theft, which reflects the existence of structural problems that have not been fully resolved This research uses a descriptive method of analysis. Where the analysis is carried out in accordance with the provisions of the rule of law with a conceptual approach, which refers to the provisions of the law and other legal disciplines. The type of approach in this research is carried out through normative juridical means. By doing legal interpretation associated with legislation, it also examines and tests secondary data, namely primary legal material in the form of the Criminal Code Article 362 concerning Theft, secondary legal material in the form of doctrine or expert opinion, and tertiary legal material in the form of papers, articles and others, The conclusion of this research is that theft is a criminal offense in the Criminal Code which is classified based on the method, place and conditions of its implementation. Article 362 of the Criminal Code defines theft as the act of taking property belonging to another person unlawfully for possession. In addition, there are other types of theft, such as theft with aggravation (Article 363), theft with violence (Article 365), petty theft (Article 364), and theft in the family (Article 367), each with different sanctions. Keywords : Responsibility, theft, Criminal Code.

Learning strategies are very important to be applied in preparation for the implementation of learning in its implementation can be attributed to local wisdom which is a concept that refers to the culture of the surrounding community. This study aims to analyze learning strategies based on local wisdom and its integration with the improvement of narrative writing skills in Indonesian language learning over the last 10 years which have been published in SINTA-indexed journals. This research is a qualitative research using a literature review of 20 articles. The writing of this article is assisted by several applications such as publish or perish and mendeley. Learning strategies can be associated with local wisdom that is adapted to the culture in the local environment. The results of the literature review are in the form of a classification of learning strategies in improving the ability to write narratives based on local wisdom. The results of the analysis show that local wisdom can be integrated into learning models, learning media, and the development of teaching materials. Based on the research, the application of learning strategies based on local wisdom can improve the ability to write narrative texts and can train critical thinking, creativity and cultural literacy.

Learning strategies are very important to be applied in preparation for the implementation of learning in its implementation can be attributed to local wisdom which is a concept that refers to the culture of the surrounding community. This study aims to analyze learning strategies based on local wisdom and its integration with the improvement of narrative writing skills in Indonesian language learning over the last 10 years which have been published in SINTA-indexed journals. This research is a qualitative research using a literature review of 20 articles. The writing of this article is assisted by several applications such as publish or perish and mendeley. Learning strategies can be associated with local wisdom that is adapted to the culture in the local environment. The results of the literature review are in the form of a classification of learning strategies in improving the ability to write narratives based on local wisdom. The results of the analysis show that local wisdom can be integrated into learning models, learning media, and the development of teaching materials. Based on the research, the application of learning strategies based on local wisdom can improve the ability to write narrative texts and can train critical thinking, creativity and cultural literacy.

These tests assessed the electorate's degree of disinterest in voting. It investigated the reasons behind voters' indifference to voting. It also established the voting remedies disinterest from the viewpoints of the voters and, lastly, investigated how factors including socioeconomic position, political party affiliations, and educational attainment affected the voters' degree of voting apathy. The survey research design was used in the study. Using a purposive sampling technique, 350 electorates from seven faculties at Obafemi Awolowo University in Ile-Ife made up the sample size. Before being used, a tool called the Voting Apathy Questionnaire (VAQ) was created and verified. Three hypotheses were investigated and confirmed, and three research questions were posed and addressed. Among other things, the results indicated that 50.3% of voters were indifferent to voting. Additionally, the degree of voting indifference among the electorate was significantly influenced by educational levels (² = 161.969a, p < 0.05). Rational Choice Theory was selected as the theoretical underpinning, and the study used both survey research design and secondary sources of data collection as information gathering techniques. The results showed that low levels of education and illiteracy are associated with poor political and voter education, particularly when it comes to the fact that the majority of voters (roughly 50%) fail to pick up their permanent voter cards and are therefore unable to be accredited to vote; that Nigerian politics is another factor, as it is known as a bitter and acrimonious politics; and that because elected officials have failed to fulfill their campaign promises, the electorate has lost faith in the government and finds it difficult to participate in the electoral process.

Acute respiratory infection (ARI) is a condition that occurs in one or more areas of the human respiratory tract and is associated with the environmental conditions in which the patient resides. The most frequent cause of ARI is infection with Streptococcus pneumonia or Haemophilus influenza. In order to diagnose ARI by identifying the infectious agent responsible for its development, laboratory tests can be conducted on throat swab samples from patient who exhibit symptoms of ARI.. One of the objectives of this investigation was to ascertain the bacterial profile of children with ARI. This study is a descriptive cross-sectional investigation that utilised specimens from throat swabs of ARI patients in elementary school-age children who visited the Tamalanrea Makassar Health Centre between October 10, 2022, and November 10, 2022. The biopsy results were subsequently subjected to gramme staining and identification tests to ascertain the species of causative bacteria. In the 57 children, which consisted of 38 boys and 19 girls, the percentage of monobacterial findings was 49 (85.96%) and 8 (14.04) polymicrobial. Gram-positive bacteria were found 50.8% and gram-negative bacteria 49.2%, with Staphylococcus aureus being the most common cause. 

A healthy latrine is one of the essential sanitation facilities aimed at maintaining environmental health and improving public health in general. This research was conducted because the use of healthy latrines in Webetun Village remains low, where defecating in the forest has become a common practice among the community. This habit triggers the emergence of diseases such as diarrhea, malnutrition, undernutrition, dengue fever, and respiratory infections. This study aims to examine the behavior of latrine use in households in Webetun Village, Rinhat Subdistrict, Malaka Regency. This research uses a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional design. The study involved 66 housewives who owned healthy latrines, selected through simple random sampling. Data analysis was conducted using the chi-square test. The results showed that variables such as latrine ownership (p=0.000) and water availability (p=0.000) were significantly associated with latrine use, while knowledge (p=0.681), attitude (p=0.588), actions (p=0.007), community leader support (p=0.081), and health worker support (p=0.069) were not significantly associated with latrine use. The findings revealed that water availability significantly influences latrine use. The availability of water facilitates family members in utilizing latrine facilities for activities such as flushing and maintaining cleanliness. Water availability also contributes to user comfort in maintaining latrine hygiene. Conversely, water scarcity hinders optimal latrine use by family members, potentially reducing utilization levels. The study findings also identified a correlation between latrine ownership and its use. Families are considered critical factors in shaping individual health behavior. The relationship between proper latrine ownership and usage behavior can be seen through the role of education in increasing awareness levels for adopting a healthy and clean lifestyle. 

The impact of social media on Generation Z has resulted in the development of self-perception standards based on influencers' appearance. Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is characterized by individuals' negative thoughts about their physical appearance. Individuals with positive self-esteem and body image are less likely to experience body-related disorders. This study aims to examine the impact of body image and self-esteem on the tendency of BDD among young adults. The study utilized a quantitative approach, employing a multiple linear regression analysis on data collected from young adults. The findings of the study revealed a significant negative relationship between self-esteem and BDD, indicating that higher self-esteem is associated with lower BDD tendencies. Furthermore, body image was also found to have a significant impact on BDD. The study concludes that both self-esteem and body image play crucial roles in influencing the likelihood of BDD development, with self-esteem having a greater impact. These findings highlight the importance of promoting positive body image and self-esteem in order to mitigate the prevalence of BDD among young adults.    

Reading ability is an important basic skill for elementary school student. However, not all students can master it well due to various factors, such as delayed language development, lack of stimulus, and specific learning disorders such as dyslexia.This research aims to determine Ultilization impact technology in supporting reading literacy for students with reading difficulties. The method employed is a literature review by analyzing many  previous studies Associated with the utlization of technology in improving reading skills.the findings of the study show that digital-based digital innovation , such as interactive learning applications, Text-to-Speech (TTS), Augmented Reality (AR), and QR-Code technology,can improve students’ reading skills. The main obstacles in implementing technologies that are less relevant to learning. Recommendations provided include increasing technology, and integrating digital methods with conventional learning approaches. This research is expected to be a reference for educators and stakeholders in the developing  process more effective strategies to improve elementary school students’ reading skills by optimally utilizing technology.

Reading ability is an important basic skill for elementary school student. However, not all students can master it well due to various factors, such as delayed language development, lack of stimulus, and specific learning disorders such as dyslexia.This research aims to determine Ultilization impact technology in supporting reading literacy for students with reading difficulties. The method employed is a literature review by analyzing many  previous studies Associated with the utlization of technology in improving reading skills.the findings of the study show that digital-based digital innovation , such as interactive learning applications, Text-to-Speech (TTS), Augmented Reality (AR), and QR-Code technology,can improve students’ reading skills. The main obstacles in implementing technologies that are less relevant to learning. Recommendations provided include increasing technology, and integrating digital methods with conventional learning approaches. This research is expected to be a reference for educators and stakeholders in the developing  process more effective strategies to improve elementary school students’ reading skills by optimally utilizing technology.

Clinical skills are essential competencies that serve as foundational provisions in medical education, particularly in shaping students’ readiness for professional practice. Two important psychological and behavioral attributes that influence the development of clinical skills are self-efficacy and self-directed learning readiness (SDLR). Self-efficacy refers to an individual's belief in their own ability to execute behaviors necessary to produce specific performance attainments, emphasizing the role of self-confidence in clinical tasks. Meanwhile, SDLR reflects a student's willingness and preparedness to take responsibility for their own learning, which is critical in the context of self-regulated and lifelong learning in medical education. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between self-efficacy and SDLR on the clinical skill competencies of first-year medical students at the Faculty of Medicine, Muhammadiyah University Semarang (UNIMUS). A quantitative, observational analytic study was conducted using a cross-sectional approach. The instruments used were the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) and Self-Directed Learning Readiness Scale (SDLRS). The study involved 120 first-year medical students, selected through total sampling. Data were analyzed using the Spearman correlation test. The results indicated a significant positive relationship between self-efficacy and clinical skills (p = 0.005; r = 0.254), and between SDLR and clinical skills (p = 0.009; r = 0.238). Although the correlation strength was weak, the direction was positive, suggesting that higher levels of self-efficacy and SDLR are associated with better clinical skills performance. These findings highlight the importance of fostering psychological readiness and self-directed learning habits among medical students to support the development of essential clinical competencies.

Reported that hypertension contributes to around 9.4 million deaths worldwide each year. This makes it one of the main risk factors for cardiovascular disease and related deaths. The prevalence of hypertension in individuals aged 18-39 years shows a figure of around 7.5%. At the global level, stroke, heart disease, and hypertension rank first, second, and twenty-ninth in causes of death. In Indonesia, the percentage of deaths from 50 diseases that cause death shows that stroke contributes 23.48%, heart disease 9.89%, and hypertension 3.02%. This study is a quantitative descriptive study with a cross-sectional approach that aims to describe the blood pressure profile in students. The population in this study were active students aged 18-23 years. The sampling technique used the purposive sampling method. The results showed that the average blood pressure in men tended to be higher than in women. Blood pressure in male students was an average of 128.9 / 83.25 mmHg and women 118.25 / 76 mmHg. The average blood pressure in men is included in the pre-hypertension category. Various factors cause hypertension at a young age, mainly caused by lifestyle, diet, smoking behavior and lack of physical activity. High blood pressure in young adults is strongly associated with an increased risk of heart and kidney disease later in life. Therefore, various forms of prevention are needed, especially related to behavioral changes so that complications do not occur in the future.

This study aimed to explore the impact of classical piano music on emotional responses among professional pianists compared to non-professionals. The piano, known for its extensive pitch range and dynamic versatility, serves as a pivotal instrument in both classical and popular music. Previous research has examined how music influences individual’s styles and behaviors. In our investigation, we analyzed electroencephalogram (EEG) signals to assess emotional responses in both groups, employing coherence measures. Listening tests were conducted to evaluate the effects of pitch and dynamics on emotional characteristics. Findings revealed that all ten emotional categories were significantly influenced by variations in pitch and dynamics. Specifically, emotions such as Happy, Romantic, Comic, Calm, Mysterious, and Shy generally increased with pitch, though a decline was observed at the highest pitches. Conversely, Heroic, Angry, and Sad emotions tended to decrease with rising pitch levels, while Scary emotions were pronounced at extreme low and high pitches. Regarding dynamics, emotions like Heroic, Comic, Angry, and Scary were more intense with loud notes, whereas Romantic, Calm, Mysterious, Shy, and Sad emotions were enhanced with softer notes. Notably, the emotion Happy showed no sensitivity to dynamic changes. These results provide valuable insights into the quantification of emotional characteristics associated with piano music.