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This community service activity aims to strengthen the character development of elementary school students through training in creating digital applications using the Thunkable platform. In the midst of the digital era and the challenges of the Industrial Revolution 4.0, character education is an essential aspect that must be instilled from an early age, alongside cognitive competence. Elementary schools, as the foundation of education, play a strategic role in shaping children’s personalities, including embedding positive character values. This activity was conducted at SD Moria in Sorong City and involved 24 students from grades 5 and 6, selected based on their interest and readiness. The training used a Project-Based Learning approach, where students were actively engaged in creating simple application projects. Throughout the process, students not only learned basic programming skills using Thunkable but also developed key values such as teamwork, responsibility, independence, creativity, and curiosity. Despite facing challenges such as limited devices and internet access, the students demonstrated remarkable enthusiasm. Thunkable proved to be an effective tool for interactive and enjoyable learning. Students were able to directly develop their creative ideas through designing user interfaces and application functions. This provided a meaningful learning experience that motivated students to continue exploring and trying new things. The activity showed that technology-based learning can serve as a strategic means to holistically shape students' character. Overall, this initiative demonstrated that digital application development training can serve as a character education model based on technology that is highly relevant for elementary education. This program is expected to serve as an educational innovation example that encourages the integration of digital literacy and character education in Indonesian elementary schools.

The role of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) teachers in shaping students' religious moderation is highly needed. The very diverse religious diversity in public schools is a challenge for PAI teachers compared to religious-based schools. The purpose of this study is to identify PAI learning based on Problem Based Learning (PBL) to improve students' moderate attitudes and national insight which includes; planning, implementation, evaluation, supporting and inhibiting factors as well as the impact of problem-based PAI learning to shape students' moderate attitudes and national insight. This study uses a qualitative approach using the case study method. Data collection techniques are carried out through interviews, observations and documentation analysis. The data analysis technique uses the Miles and Huberman analysis technique using the ATLAS.ti analysis tool. The results of the study found that: First, PBL learning planning is carried out by; setting learning objectives, compiling learning steps and learning evaluation. Second, implementation is carried out by; orientation stage, guiding stage, developing stage and conclusion stage. Third, evaluation is carried out by; holistic, diagnostic, formative and summative evaluation stages. Fourth, supporting factors include; student involvement, high teacher creativity, student collaborative learning, program collaboration, contextualization of issues in learning, support for infrastructure and school culture. Inhibiting factors include; difficulty in determining relevant problems, time availability, lack of teacher understanding, student diversity, difficulty generating ideas, social and cultural barriers, and resistance to change. Fifth, a moderate attitude is demonstrated by; tolerance, openness, respect for diversity, good ethics in interactions, wasathiyah, social harmony, critical and objective.

This study aims to empirically analyze the influence of product quality and service quality on customer satisfaction, with purchase decisions as a mediating variable, specifically among Alfamart consumers in the Singosari area, Malang Regency. The background of this research stems from the increasing competition in the modern retail sector, which requires companies to understand the key factors influencing customer satisfaction and loyalty. In this context, product quality and service quality are considered essential elements that shape customer perceptions and influence their purchasing decisions. A quantitative approach with an explanatory research design was used in this study. The sample was selected using purposive sampling, involving 97 respondents who had made purchases at Alfamart at least twice within the last three months. Data collection was conducted through the distribution of structured questionnaires, which included items measuring perceptions of product quality, service quality, purchase decisions, and customer satisfaction. The data were analyzed using the Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) method to examine the relationships among variables comprehensively and simultaneously. The results of the analysis show that both product quality and service quality have a significant and positive effect on purchase decisions and customer satisfaction. Moreover, purchase decisions are proven to significantly mediate the influence of both product and service quality on customer satisfaction. This indicates that the purchase decision acts as a crucial mechanism linking the effect of quality to overall satisfaction. These findings contribute theoretically to the consumer behavior literature in the modern retail context and offer practical implications for retail management, such as Alfamart. Retailers are encouraged to focus on improving both product offerings and service delivery as strategic efforts to enhance customer experience. By doing so, they can effectively increase customer satisfaction and strengthen customer loyalty in the long term.

The film Prisoners (2013), directed by Denis Villeneuve, presents a complex portrayal of emotional intensity, moral ambiguity, and psychological struggle in the aftermath of a child kidnapping. Conflict becomes the central element that shapes the characters, drives the storyline, and raises important questions about justice, resilience, and ethical boundaries. This study aims to explore the internal and external conflicts found in Prisoners, and how these tensions reflect challenges often encountered in real life. Using a descriptive qualitative method and based on William Kenney’s theory of conflict, the research closely analyzes key scenes and character interactions to identify patterns of tension and confrontation. The results show that Prisoners features 15 conflict events: internal conflict (26.67%), man vs. man (33.33%),man vs. society (26.67%), and man vs. nature (13.33%), with with man vs. man emerging as the most dominant, emphasizing the focus on intense personal struggles and confrontations between characters. The findings suggest that Prisoners (2013) uses conflict not just as a narrative device, but also as a way to invite the audience to reflect on moral choices, human limits, and the emotional cost of seeking justice in moments of crisis.

This study investigates the implementation of the discovery learning model to enhance the learning independence of Grade V students in the IPAS subject at MIS Nurul Yaqin. The problem arises from limited learning facilities, which reduce opportunities for activities that stimulate creativity, as well as students’ limited ability to recognize and describe shapes and colors in detail. This Classroom Action Research applied the Kemmis and McTaggart model with Grade V students as the research subjects. Data were collected through observation, questionnaires, interviews, and documentation, and analyzed descriptively in both quantitative and qualitative forms. The results show that Discovery Learning effectively improved students’ independence in learning. Through its exploratory approach, students actively engaged in questioning, observing, experimenting, and drawing conclusions in meaningful activities. Improvements were noted in self-confidence, task discipline, initiative in managing learning, motivation to understand material, and responsibility for outcomes. Active participation at each stage—from problem formulation to reflection—enhanced mastery of the properties of light and their applications, while also fostering critical, creative, and responsible learning behavior. Furthermore, the study found that the implementation of Discovery Learning encouraged collaborative interaction among students, allowing them to share ideas, test hypotheses, and provide peer feedback. This created a more student-centered learning atmosphere, shifting the focus from teacher instruction to student exploration. Quantitative results showed that student independence increased significantly, with success rates rising from 47.80% in Cycle I, when learning was still teacher-centered, to 84.76% in Cycle II, as students became more actively engaged both physically and mentally. These findings highlight the importance of using student-centered approaches such as Discovery Learning to develop independence, critical thinking, and motivation. The model not only supported better academic outcomes but also prepared students with essential lifelong learning skills that can be applied across subjects and in real-life problem solving.

The Batanghari River is a vital water source in Jambi Province, used by the community for various purposes, including domestic, agricultural, and fisheries needs. However, with increasing human activities, such as the discharge of household waste, industrial waste, and agricultural waste, the river's water quality is at risk of microbiological contamination that can endanger public health and the environment. This study aims to identify the presence of bacteria in the Batanghari River water, in order to assess the potential for biological contamination that can negatively impact public health and the surrounding ecosystem. The method used in this study included taking water samples from several locations along the river. After sampling, bacterial isolation and identification were carried out using Nutrient Agar (NA) media using the pour method. The results of the isolation process showed the growth of bacterial colonies that varied in shape, size, and color, indicating microbiological contamination, especially by heterotrophic bacteria. These findings indicate that the Batanghari River water contains microorganisms that reflect the potential for microbiological contamination. Therefore, this study emphasizes the importance of regular water quality monitoring and the need for sustainable management measures to maintain the health of the ecosystem and surrounding community. With routine monitoring, it is hoped that potential contamination that could be harmful to health can be detected early. Furthermore, the results of this study are expected to form the basis for better policy-making in water resource management and increase public awareness of the importance of maintaining water quality for sustainable life and environmental health. This study provides a preliminary overview of the microbiological condition of the Batanghari River water and emphasizes the need for greater attention in water resource management to prevent negative impacts on health and the environment.

In promoting a cultural arts performance, the success of an event is determined not only by the quality of the performance itself but also by the effectiveness of the marketing communication strategy implemented. In today’s digital era, organizers of cultural art performances face increasingly complex challenges, including shifts in audience media consumption behavior, rapid developments in communication technology, and the need to build sustained digital engagement between organizers and stakeholders.This study adopts the Integrated Marketing Communication (IMC) theory to examine the marketing communication strategies implemented by the Department of Culture and Tourism of Surakarta City in promoting the Solo International Performing Arts (SIPA) event in 2024. The research methodology includes in-depth interviews with organizers and document analysis of promotional materials and publication activities.The findings indicate that the department applied eight elements of integrated marketing communication: advertising, sales promotion, events and experiences, public relations and publicity, direct marketing, interactive marketing, mobile marketing, and personal selling. Each element was carried out synergistically to build awareness, attract public interest, and shape a positive image of the SIPA event in society.The implemented strategy has successfully reached a broader audience through digital channels such as social media and official websites, as well as through direct approaches like local media publications and collaboration with art communities. However, challenges remain in delivering more innovative and creative promotional content to enhance the event’s appeal. These findings offer important implications for cultural event managers, emphasizing the need for structured, consistent, and audience-relevant promotional strategies in the digital era. A well-integrated marketing communication approach not only strengthens public engagement but also reinforces the identity and sustainability of cultural events like SIPA on both local and international levels.

Photogrammetry is a technique for measuring and modeling three-dimensional objects by utilizing digital imagery from various perspectives. In the context of reverse engineering, this technique serves to duplicate, reconstruct, and analyze the dimensions of physical objects with a high degree of accuracy. The main advantage of photogrammetry lies in its ability to capture the details of the shape and texture of objects without the need for physical contact. However, the quality of photogrammetry scan results is greatly influenced by a number of technical factors, especially lighting and camera sensor sensitivity (ISO) settings. Variations in these two parameters can cause deviations or dimensional deviations in the resulting 3D model. This study aims to quantitatively evaluate the influence of lighting intensity and camera ISO setting on dimensional deviation in photogrammetry scan results. The research method used is experimental, where the dimensions of the scanned object are compared to the original dimensions using precision measuring instruments. The results showed that both the lighting level and the ISO setting had a significant influence on the accuracy level of the 3D model. The ideal lighting intensity range was found to be in the range of 125–150 lux, where shadows and light reflections could be minimized. Meanwhile, the use of low ISO (around 200) is able to produce cleaner image textures and minimize noise, resulting in smaller dimensional deviations. Additionally, the interaction between moderate lighting and low ISO is proven to provide the best scanning accuracy. This combination is able to maintain a balance between image quality and surface detail of the object. These findings not only provide practical recommendations regarding the regulation of scanning conditions, but can also serve as a guideline for industry practitioners and academics in improving the quality of reverse engineering results. With a proper understanding of lighting and ISO variables, the photogrammetry process can be optimized to produce more accurate and efficient 3D models.

This article discusses the dynamics of Islamic education during the Sultanate of Banten, an Islamic kingdom that developed since the 16th century and became one of the centers of Islamic civilization in the archipelago. Islamic education in Banten not only shapes the Islamic identity of the community, but also strengthens morality, social solidarity, and cultural resilience. Islamic boarding schools are the main pillars of education that integrate the teaching of religious science, character education, and socio-religious practices. The role of pesantren expands, not only as a learning center, but also as a da'wah institution that instills the values of independence, justice, and brotherhood in the midst of a multicultural society. Great scholars such as Sheikh Nawawi al-Bantani and Sheikh Yusuf al-Makassari have an important role in strengthening the scientific network between Banten, the Middle East, and the Islamic world. Their profound works in the fields of jurisprudence, Sufism, and morals had a great influence on the development of Islamic thought in Southeast Asia. The pesantren curriculum that focuses on the yellow book, with the teaching methods of sorogan, bandongan, and wetonan, produces students who are not only knowledgeable, but also disciplined, moral, and sensitive to social problems. The Dutch colonial period brought severe challenges with secular policies and restrictions on Islamic education. However, pesantren still exist as spiritual and intellectual fortresses. This success is supported by the ability of pesantren to develop economic independence and expand scientific networks through the overseas migration of students to various Islamic study centers abroad. Until now, Banten's Islamic education heritage has transformed into a modern Islamic boarding school that is able to combine classical traditions with technology and global insights. This study confirms that traditional Islamic education in Banten has a strategic role in shaping the social, spiritual, and identity structure of the Muslim community, which persists across generations.

This research investigates the underlying factors that shape the interest of students from the 2024 cohort in enrolling in the Bachelor of Mechanical Engineering Education Program at the Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Negeri Padang. Utilizing a descriptive quantitative methodology, data were gathered through a structured, closed-ended questionnaire administered to the entire cohort, which consisted of 89 students. The analysis reveals that the overall level of student interest is categorized as high, with a notable percentage of 55%. Several key variables were identified as influential: (1) self-awareness factors encompassing physical capabilities, intellectual aptitude, intrinsic motivation, and innate talent were rated in the very high category at 56%; (2) familial influences such as the provision of information, emotional support, and parenting styles also ranked very high at 46%; (3) school-related elements including the accessibility of school information systems, teacher roles, peer dynamics, and hands on learning experiences were classified in the high category with 44%; and (4) social media engagement specifically the frequency of use and the quality of educational content was likewise in the high category, scoring 48%. These findings underscore the multifaceted nature of student decision-making, with self-awareness emerging as the most prominent determinant in shaping academic program choices. The study highlights the need for educational institutions to consider these interrelated dimensions when developing recruitment strategies and academic guidance frameworks.

This study aims to determine the effect of entrepreneurship education and the school environment on the entrepreneurial interest of Vocational High School (SMK) students in South Jakarta. The background of this study is based on the importance of developing an entrepreneurial spirit among the younger generation as a strategic effort in facing employment challenges and encouraging the creation of new jobs. SMK students are seen as potential entrepreneurs who need to be equipped with entrepreneurial knowledge, skills, and attitudes from an early age. Therefore, entrepreneurship education and the school environment are two crucial factors that can shape entrepreneurial mindsets and motivations. This study uses a quantitative approach with an associative research type. The study population was students from five vocational high schools spread across South Jakarta. A sample of 173 respondents was selected through a stratified random sampling technique based on school strata and gender to obtain representative data. Data were collected using a closed questionnaire instrument that has been tested for validity and reliability. The data analysis technique used was multiple linear regression, which began with classical assumption tests such as normality, multicollinearity, heteroscedasticity, and linearity. The results of the study indicate that partially, entrepreneurship education has a positive and significant influence on students' entrepreneurial interest. Similarly, the school environment also has a positive and significant influence. Simultaneously, both variables contribute to increasing entrepreneurial interest, with an Adjusted R Square value of 0.412. This means that 41.2% of the variation in entrepreneurial interest can be explained by entrepreneurship education and the school environment, while 58.8% is influenced by other factors. These findings emphasize the important role of schools in creating a learning ecosystem that encourages innovation, independence, and an entrepreneurial spirit among students.

In the era of globalization, the world is increasingly developing rapidly, humans no longer pay attention to ethics, morals, and human character. The author sees the role of various parties as very necessary, namely from  parents and especially from a shepherd who is entrusted by God in controlling children who have fallen into the current of the development of the era. So in this case, the role of a serious shepherd is very necessary to educate and shape the character of good children. This article offers how a shepherd can play a role in the formation of a child’s character. The author is aware that currently most children are experiencing a character crisis that is not controlled by the influence of the era of technological and scientific development. Therefore, the shepherd is expected to carry out his duties well, earnestly and in accordance with the teachings and learning of the Christian faith. The goal is to form and create a good generation, with noble morals, responsible and has a character like Christ.

This community engagement initiative aimed to enhance students’ awareness of the strategic role of madrasahs in developing spiritually grounded, intellectually capable, and socially responsible individuals. Conducted at MA Darut Taqwa Semarang on July 17, 2024, the program employed a motivational and participatory approach, integrating lectures, reflective discussions, and storytelling centered on Islamic values and success narratives of madrasah alumni. Participants included 86 Grade X students. Post-session evaluations revealed significant positive shifts in student perceptions. Among Grade X students, 82% expressed increased pride in their madrasah identity, and 76% developed greater optimism about their future success through madrasah education. Motivational gains were also observed as students redefined academic effort as part of spiritual devotion. These results suggest that when learning is contextualized within a value-based framework, it fosters intrinsic motivation and future-oriented thinking. Theoretically, the program supports expectancy-value and purpose-based education models by demonstrating how spiritual framing can shape motivation and aspiration. Practically, it offers a replicable model for enhancing student engagement in faith-based schools. On a broader level, the program contributes to the reframing of madrasahs as centers of leadership development and ethical formation in a morally uncertain world. This activity affirms that madrasahs, when supported by strategic communication and reflective pedagogy, can serve as transformative educational spaces for youth, particularly those from underserved backgrounds

Children in orphanages often face unique challenges in character formation due to limited educational stimulation and diverse social interactions, despite their basic needs being met. The interactive education model applied in the "Devotion in Action, Love in Education: Weaving Character with the Nation's Children" project focuses on a participatory approach through activities such as Story Telling, "Tree of Goodness," Ball Relay, and Water Balloon Volleyball. This research aims to analyze the effectiveness of implementing an interactive education model in the character development of children at Sabilul Muhtadien Orphanage in Plosokerep, Sananwetan District, Blitar City. The research method employed is a case study with a qualitative approach, reinforced by participatory observation and informal interviews with caregivers and children from the orphanage. The results indicate high enthusiasm from the children and positive responses from caregivers, signifying the program's success in instilling character values such as critical thinking, mutual cooperation, creativity, independence, and solidarity. The implications of this research highlight the importance of adopting dynamic and activity-based education models in efforts to shape children's character in orphanages, focusing not only on knowledge transfer but also on direct experience and holistic potential development. holistik.

The development of social media has transformed institutional communication strategies, including those of the Indonesian Army (TNI AD) in building a more humanized image. This study aims to analyze how visual and narrative elements in the disaster relief content related to the eruption of Mount Lewotobi, as published by TNI AD on Instagram, are constructed and conveyed to the public. The research employs a qualitative descriptive method using Robert N. Entman’s framing analysis model, which includes problem definition, causal interpretation, moral evaluation, and treatment recommendation. Data were collected through observation and documentation of TNI AD’s Instagram post dated January 13, 2024. The findings indicate that both visual and narrative framing effectively shape public perception of the TNI AD as a responsive, compassionate, and empathetic emergency actor that presents itself as a solution during humanitarian crises. The humanistic image is emphasized through visuals depicting aid distribution, warm interactions with residents, and the provision of healthcare services. The implications of this study suggest that social media can serve as a strategic tool to strengthen public trust and expand the military's communication role in the civilian sphere, particularly during disaster situations.

This study aims to explore the behavioral dynamics of Generation Z (Gen Z) toward digital culinary brands on TikTok, a platform increasingly central to youth consumer engagement. The research investigates how Gen Z interacts with, interprets, and forms relationships with culinary content in a digital environment shaped by algorithmic trends and participatory culture. Employing a qualitative phenomenological approach, data were collected through in-depth interviews with 12 Gen Z participants aged 18–24 years who actively engage with culinary brand content on TikTok. Additional data were obtained from observational analysis of brand-related content and user interactions on the platform. Thematic analysis revealed three core themes: emotional engagement with sensory-rich food content, digital consumption as identity performance, and expectations of brand authenticity and interactivity. Participants expressed strong affective responses to visually appealing and immersive content, linked their brand preferences to personal values and social identity, and favored brands that demonstrated responsiveness, humor, and human-like interaction. These findings highlight the role of TikTok not only as a marketing tool but as a cultural space where brand perception and loyalty are socially constructed. This study contributes to the theoretical understanding of consumer engagement by situating Gen Z’s behavior within a sociocultural and digital framework. Practically, it offers insights for culinary brands to develop more authentic, interactive, and value-driven content strategies. The findings also suggest implications for digital marketing policies and content regulation. Future research is recommended to explore cross-platform behaviors and cultural variations in digital brand engagement.

This study aims to examine the influence of trust and promotions on repurchase intention on the Tokopedia e-commerce platform among students of Mulawarman University. E-commerce is increasingly becoming the primary platform for buying and selling activities, and understanding the factors that influence repurchase intention is crucial for business sustainability. Trust and promotions are two key variables believed to significantly shape consumer behavior. This research employs a quantitative method by distributing questionnaires to 100 Mulawarman University students who have previously shopped on Tokopedia. The collected data were analyzed using multiple linear regression techniques to test theinfluence of trust and promotions on repurchase intention. The analysis results indicate that both trust and promotions significantly influence repurchase intention on Tokopedia. Trust is found to be the most dominant factor, followed by promotions, which also have a positive impact. These findings imply that increasing trust through secure transactions, reliable products, and responsive customer service, along with effective promotional strategies, can enhance consumers' repurchase intention. This study provides practical contributions for Tokopedia management in designing strategies to maintain and increase repurchase intention among students. Additionally, it offers theoretical insights for further research on consumer behavior in e-commerce platforms

Cultural diversity demands communication skills that extend beyond verbal communication and encompass an understanding of cross-cultural values, emotions, and identities. This article examines cultural communication in a pluralistic society through a psychological approach, focusing on perception, stereotypes, empathy, and cognitive openness. Cultural perception shapes how individuals interpret social reality, but often results in stereotypes that simplify the characteristics of a group, which can hinder healthy communication. On the other hand, empathy—both affective and cognitive—plays a crucial role in building emotional understanding and perspectives toward people from different cultural backgrounds. Cognitive openness strengthens the ability to accept differences, avoid quick judgments, and increase awareness of social complexity. This combination of empathy and openness is the primary foundation for building effective and inclusive intercultural communication competencies. This article emphasizes that these competencies can be developed through education, cross-cultural experiences, and psychosocial training. In the era of globalization and digitalization, cross-cultural understanding is crucial for creating a harmonious environment in educational settings, organizations, and communities. Therefore, building empathetic, open, and stereotype-free communication is key to successful interactions in a multicultural society.  

Bekasam is a traditional Indonesian fermented food produced through spontaneous fermentation involving microorganisms, particularly lactic acid bacteria (LAB). LAB plays a crucial role in the fermentation process by producing lactic acid, which lowers pH, inhibits pathogenic microbial growth, and enhances flavor and food safety. This study aimed to identify and characterize LAB isolated from fermented snakehead fish (Channa striata) based on Gram staining and colony morphology. The research began with bacterial isolation using NA Nutrient Agar, followed by macroscopic observation of colony characteristics including shape, edge, elevation, color, and size. Subsequently, Gram staining was performed to determine the cell wall structure and microscopic morphology of the bacteria. The results showed that the bacterial isolates from bekasam generally had circular colonies, white to cream in color, smooth surface, and were Gram-positive rod-shaped cells. In conclusion, bekasam from snakehead fish contains dominant lactic acid bacteria with distinctive colony morphology and Gram-positive characteristics, indicating potential as a natural starter culture for food fermentation.

Cinnamon bark (Cinnamomum burmannii) is known to contain antibacterial active compounds such as cinnamaldehyde and eugenol. However, as a natural material collected from open environments, it can become a habitat for various microorganisms, including bacteria. This study aimed to isolate and observe bacterial growth found on cinnamon bark originating from Kerinci. Samples were collected from a local market and processed using serial dilution, then cultured on Nutrient Agar (NA) and incubated for 24–48 hours at room temperature. The results revealed the growth of bacterial colonies with diverse morphological characteristics, such as round shape, smooth edges, and cream to cloudy white colors. Gram staining indicated the presence of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Preliminary biochemical tests showed both catalase-positive and catalase-negative isolates. These findings suggest that despite the antibacterial properties of cinnamon bark, certain microorganisms are capable of surviving. The detected bacteria are likely to be either endophytic or environmental contaminants that have adapted. These results provide an initial insight into the local microbial diversity and open opportunities for further exploration of bacteria with biotechnological potential, while also supporting post-harvest quality control of spice products.