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This study examines the role of digital church music as a medium for evangelism and discipleship within the digital ecosystem. It employs a mixed methods approach using a sequential explanatory design, in which quantitative data collection is followed by qualitative exploration. Quantitative data were gathered through an online survey of at least 200 respondents to measure the intensity of digital worship music consumption, perceived gospel understanding, faith reflection, and spiritual engagement. Qualitative data were obtained through in-depth interviews with 15–20 key informants and digital content analysis of worship songs, service videos, and social media interactions. The findings indicate that digital church music contributes to strengthening gospel understanding, encouraging faith reflection, and expanding discipleship practices through online spaces. A moderate positive correlation between music consumption intensity and spiritual engagement suggests that music functions as a contextual medium for faith formation. This study highlights the importance of adaptive theological and pastoral strategies for church music ministry in the digital era.

This study explores the integration of Science, Technology, and the Arts (IPTEKS) within an educational psychology framework to support the development of creativity, innovation, and collaboration among prospective Christian religious education teachers in West Java. Using a mixed-methods approach with a sequential explanatory design, the research combines quantitative and qualitative perspectives to obtain a comprehensive understanding of the phenomenon. Quantitative data were gathered through questionnaires distributed to prospective teachers, while qualitative data were obtained through in-depth interviews and participatory observations involving selected informants. The findings indicate that meaningful integration of IPTEKS contributes positively to the development of creative thinking, innovative teaching practices, and collaborative learning skills. Qualitative insights further reveal that institutional support, continuous professional development, and contextualized learning environments play a crucial role in optimizing the impact of IPTEKS integration. The study highlights the importance of aligning technological integration with psychological and pedagogical principles. It concludes that teacher education programs need to redesign curricula and training models that holistically integrate IPTEKS and educational psychology to foster relevant, transformative, and value-based learning in Christian education contexts.

This paper reviews the role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Islamic education within secondary schools, emphasizing both its practical uses and the ethical challenges it presents. The review looks into the current trends, tools, and the impact of AI on the learning experience, as well as its ethical implications from an Islamic perspective. The study follows a systematic literature review (SLR) approach based on the PRISMA guidelines and includes research from 2022 to 2025, sourced from platforms like Google Scholar. After a thorough selection process, 15 articles were included in the review, offering valuable insights into the technological and ethical aspects of AI in Islamic secondary education. The use of AI has notably enhanced learning outcomes in Islamic education by allowing personalized learning, boosting student engagement, and streamlining feedback mechanisms. Tools like intelligent tutoring systems and educational chatbots have been widely adopted. However, challenges around data privacy, algorithmic bias, and technology access persist. Additionally, incorporating Islamic ethical values into AI-driven educational platforms presents both opportunities and challenges. Addressing these ethical implications is vital, requiring frameworks that align with Islamic principles such as maṣlaḥa (public welfare), justice, and human dignity. Education policies and teacher training programs should concentrate on promoting the responsible use of AI, ensuring it improves educational experiences while preserving ethical and cultural integrity.

The development of information technology has given rise to a new form of business transaction: the electronic contract. This contract form replaces the traditional process that requires a physical meeting between the parties. However, questions arise regarding the validity of e-contracts from the perspective of Indonesian civil law, specifically based on Article 1320 of the Indonesian Civil Code (KUHPerdata) and the provisions of Law Number 11 of 2008 concerning Electronic Information and Transactions (UU ITE). This research aims to analyze the validity of electronic contracts as legally binding agreements and to assess the extent to which the ITE Law can serve as their legal basis. Using a normative juridical legal research method, the research results show that e-contracts are valid and binding as long as they meet the requirements for the validity of an agreement under Article 1320 of the Civil Code, namely consent, capacity, a specific object, and a lawful cause. The ITE Law expands the recognition of electronic evidence and digital signatures as valid evidence in civil law. Thus, electronic contracts have the same legal force as conventional contracts, as long as they meet the principles of free will and the integrity of a reliable electronic system.

This research analyzes the legal status of zakat within the state financial system and explores its potential integration as a sharia-based fiscal instrument in Indonesia through a comparative study with Malaysia. In Islamic law, zakat functions both as a religious obligation and as a mechanism for wealth redistribution aimed at achieving social justice. However, under Indonesia’s positive law framework, zakat is still treated as a socio-religious institution outside the formal state fiscal system, as stipulated in Law Number 23 of 2011 on Zakat Management. In contrast, Malaysia has successfully integrated zakat into its Islamic fiscal policy through the authority of the State Islamic Religious Council (MAIN), which holds legal legitimacy as a regional public body. This study adopts a normative and comparative legal approach by examining statutory regulations, Islamic legal doctrines, and zakat institutional practices in both countries. The findings indicate that the integration of zakat into Indonesia’s fiscal system is constitutionally permissible and does not conflict with Article 23A and Article 34 paragraph (1) of the 1945 Constitution, as it aligns with welfare state principles and the state’s responsibility toward poverty alleviation. The legal implications of such integration include the establishment of lex specialis regulating zakat as a sharia fiscal instrument, harmonization with state finance laws, and the strengthening of institutional legitimacy and accountability in zakat management. Therefore, zakat holds significant potential to become a core pillar of Islamic economic law that supports economic equity and enhances national fiscal resilience.

This study aims to analyse the development and compare the legal politics of the Religious Court in Indonesia and Turkey. This study is library research with an interdisciplinary approach to historical-legal and comparative law research. This study presents a historical-legal perspective and a comparative analysis of the law to obtain similarities and differences in the legal politics of the Religious Court in Indonesia and Turkey. The legal politics of the Religious Court in Indonesia are divided into pre-Colonial, independence, and reform periods. In Turkey, the Religious Court is divided into three periods: before the Tanzimat, after the Tanzimat, and during Mustafa Kemal Atatürk's reforms. A comparative analysis of the law found that the Religious Courts in Indonesia and Turkey initially applied Islamic law. Still, later restrictions were placed on it in an attempt to abolish it. The difference is that the Religious Court in Indonesia still enforces Islamic law as a positive law in certain fields and regions. The Religious Court in Turkey was abolished and replaced by a regular Court based on European law. The existence of the Religious Court in Indonesia demonstrates the success of legal pluralism, while legal secularism has shifted legal pluralism in Turkey.

This study analyzes online fraud as one of the most common forms of cybercrime in Indonesia, which has expanded alongside rapid advances in information and communication technology. These crimes utilize digital platforms such as social media, online marketplaces, and fraudulent websites to deceive victims for unlawful financial gain. The research aims to examine online fraud from a criminological perspective by identifying its causes, patterns, and relevance to routine activity theory and differential association theory. A normative juridical method is employed, using statutory, conceptual, and case-based approaches, with qualitative and descriptive analysis. The findings show that online fraud reflects a shift from conventional fraud to digital-based crimes, driven by low public awareness of cybersecurity, easy access to technology, and weak online supervision. Several fraud schemes were identified, including online investment scams, phishing, and identity impersonation. This study highlights the need for an integrated approach that goes beyond law enforcement by emphasizing digital literacy, public education, and cross-sector collaboration to reduce cybercrime in Indonesia.

The phenomenon of the dual role of wives is a complex social reality amidst the patriarchal culture that is still deeply rooted in Indonesian society. In this social system, women often bear the double burden of domestic responsibilities as well as public roles, which often gives rise to gender inequality, role conflict, and psychological stress. This article aims to analyze the dual role of wives in a patriarchal culture using a gender perspective and maqasid sharia as an analytical framework. The research method used is a literature study with a qualitative-descriptive approach to various relevant literature. The results of the study indicate that patriarchal culture tends to limit access and recognition of women's roles, thus contradicting the principle of gender justice. Meanwhile, maqasid sharia emphasizes the values ​​of balance, justice, and benefit in husband-wife relations. The principles of hifz ad-din, hifz an-nafs, hifz al-aql, hifz an-nasl, and hifz al-mal provide theological legitimacy for women's social and economic roles as long as they are carried out within the framework of justice, shared responsibility, and family harmony.  

This study analyzes the process of construction and resistance to the double burden experienced by the character Kaluna in the film Home Sweet Loan (2024) through the perspective of Judith Butler's gender performativity. Using qualitative content analysis on 13 key scenes, it was found that Kaluna's double burden of office work and bearing the economic and domestic responsibilities of an extended family was constructed through stylized repetition of acts. The results show that Kaluna experiences a double burden of professional and domestic work shaped by social norms and family expectations. However, the film also depicts Kaluna's resistance to this construction through verbal and emotional actions and personal decisions that challenge the patriarchal structure. This study concludes that Home Sweet Loan not only represents the double burden of modern women, but also shows women's agency in resisting and negotiating their gender identity. These actions deconstruct oppressive gender identities and form a new, independent subjectivity. The film emphasizes that the double burden of women is not a natural law, but rather a social performance that can be resisted.

The wedding walimah is a religious tradition that has strong roots in Islamic teachings and continues to thrive in social practices. In the West Cengkareng area, the walimah tradition is not only understood as an expression of gratitude for the marriage contract, but also as a means of strengthening social solidarity and maintaining relationships. This study aims to analyze the wedding walimah tradition of the Cengkareng Barat community from the perspective of living hadith, which is to see how the Prophet's hadith is understood and manifested in the context of local culture. This study uses a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of the study show that the practice of walimah is based on the hadith of the Prophet Muhammad, which encourages the holding of walimah, even if it is simple. In practice, walimah has undergone local cultural acculturation, both in terms of the form of the banquet and the series of events. This study concludes that the tradition of wedding walimah in West Cengkareng is a form of hadith that is alive and dynamic in the community.

The tradition of mohataman Al-Qur'an is one of the religious practices that is alive and thriving among Indonesian Muslims, especially during Ramadan in preparation for Eid al-Fitr. In Kampung Pos Sentul, this tradition is carried out collectively by the community as a form of gratitude for the completion of fasting and as a means of strengthening Islamic brotherhood. This study aims to examine the tradition of mohataman Al-Qur'an from the perspective of living hadith, which is to see how the hadith of the Prophet Muhammad is understood, internalized, and manifested in the social-religious practices of the community. The research method used is qualitative with a descriptive approach, through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of the study show that the tradition of mohataman Al-Qur'an is based on the community's understanding of the hadiths about the virtues of reading the Qur'an, the encouragement to increase acts of worship during Ramadan, and the importance of togetherness in doing good. This tradition is not only ritualistic in nature, but also has social, educational, and spiritual dimensions that strengthen the religious identity of the Pos Sentul Village community. Thus, mohataman Al-Qur'an can be understood as a form of actualization of hadith in real life that continues to live on and is passed down from generation to generation.

To improve the competitiveness and well-being of local communities, the growth of community-based village tourism requires the assistance of digital technology. Although Sugihen Village has significant potential for natural and cultural tourism, the use of digital technology in tourism administration and promotion is still minimal. The objective of this community service project is to utilize digital technology to transform community-based tourism in Sugihen Village. The approach used was Participatory Action Research (PAR), which included the stages of needs analysis, digital literacy training and capacity building, implementation of digital tourism technology, mentoring, monitoring, and evaluation. The results of the community service included increased community digital literacy, a stronger position of the Pokdarwis institution in tourism management, and a shift in community perspectives on the use of digital technology as a consequence of the community service activities. In addition to being a marketing tool, digital technology also empowers the community in independent and sustainable tourism management. This activity concluded that the independence of the Sugihen Village community can be strengthened and community-based tourism can be transformed through the use of digital technology accompanied by a participatory approach.

This community engagement program was initiated in response to the predominance of academically oriented perceptions among parents regarding children’s intelligence, which tend to limit the recognition of children’s potential to cognitive achievement alone. The program aimed to enhance parents’ literacy and awareness of the Multiple Intelligences framework as a foundational basis for holistic child education in an Islamic elementary school context. A Participatory Action Research (PAR) approach was employed, encompassing participatory planning, conceptual socialization sessions, child potential mapping workshops, collective reflection, and continuous evaluation. The findings highlight substantive outcomes. Parents experienced a significant paradigm shift in understanding the diversity of children’s intelligences, moving from a single-dimensional academic perspective toward a more comprehensive and appreciative view of individual potential. Parenting practices became more supportive, dialogical, and less comparative. In addition, a parents’ communication forum emerged as a new social institution within the school community, accompanied by the rise of local leadership that contributes to program sustainability. These results demonstrate that educational mentoring grounded in the Multiple Intelligences framework effectively promotes social transformation in Islamic elementary education through strengthened collaboration between school and family.

This article explores legal accountability for flood disasters occurring in several regions of Sumatra, which are widely alleged to result from large-scale logging activities. The analysis is conducted within the framework of the Indonesian legal system, with particular emphasis on contract law. This study adopts a literature-based research method by examining statutory provisions, legal doctrines, and relevant scholarly publications. The analysis demonstrates that flood events should not be understood solely as natural occurrences, but rather as ecological consequences arising from the failure to fulfill contractual obligations embedded in forest utilization permits. From a contract law perspective, forestry concessions establish binding legal relationships that impose environmental protection duties on permit holders in accordance with the principle of pacta sunt servanda. Logging activities that exceed authorized limits may therefore be classified as contractual default (wanprestasi) and, at the same time, constitute unlawful acts that cause harm to the state and affected communities. Accordingly, this study underscores the necessity of strengthening environmental protection clauses within concession agreements and applying strict liability principles to enhance legal responsibility and prevent recurring environmental harm.

An employment relationship is a relationship between a worker and an employer or entrepreneur involving work, wages, and orders. One outcome of this employment relationship is termination of employment. To create a just and prosperous society based on Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution, the government has enacted laws concerning termination of employment, such as Law No. 13 of 2003 concerning Manpower, Law No. 11 of 2020 concerning Job Creation, and Government Regulation No. 35 of 2021 concerning Fixed-Term Employment Agreements, Outsourcing, Working and Rest Hours, and Termination of Employment. This research uses a normative legal method, namely examining the law as it exists or should exist, or the law in books. The research was conducted by analyzing applicable laws and regulations, using library materials or secondary data covering primary, secondary, and tertiary law. Termination of employment is the right of both parties, namely workers and employers. Both parties can terminate the employment relationship according to their respective situations or conditions. This issue often generates debate because each party has different perspectives and arguments regarding termination of employment. As a result, the amount of compensation workers receive in practice also varies. Comparing Law No. 13 of 2003, Law No. 11 of 2020, and Government Regulation No. 35 of 2021 concerning termination of employment, it is clear that the Employee Rights Act No. 13 of 2003 provides more compensation than the Job Creation Law. Therefore, in practice, many companies, including PT Kuoni Indonesia, seek ways to reduce their compensation obligations under the pretext of negotiating with employees.

This study explores how the drafting process of the Bill (RUU) for the Revision of the Indonesian National Armed Forces (TNI), which was approved to become Law Number 3 of 2025, occurred amidst massive public protests, with an emphasis on violations of the principles of openness, participation, and accountability as regulated in the 1945 Constitution and Law Number 12 of 2011 concerning the Formation of Legislative Regulations. The public's rejection illustrates the potential for abusive law making, threats to civilian dominance, and the possibility of a return to the dual function of the military from the New Order period, supported by protests, petitions from civil society organizations such as NU, WALHI, and KONTRAS, as well as an application for constitutional review to the Constitutional Court. Adopting the perspective of Habermas’s theory of deliberative democracy and Weber’s concept of legitimacy, this research asserts that the argument for the annulment of this Bill is growing stronger, in order to uphold democratic law making and the protection of human rights.

Education in Islam plays a vital role in developing human potential holistically, where knowledge serves as the primary indicator of an individual's quality. This study aims to examine the virtue of knowledgeable people from the Quranic perspective, focusing on the theological and pedagogical analysis of Surah Al-Mujadalah verse 11. The method employed is descriptive qualitative through library research with a thematic exegesis (tafsir) approach. The results indicate that QS. Al-Mujadalah verse 11 establishes a hierarchy of human dignity based on the integration of faith and knowledge, rather than social or material status. These findings confirm that the elevation of rank encompasses a worldly dimension in the form of moral authority and an otherworldly dimension in the form of high positions before Allah. The implications of this research for contemporary Islamic education emphasize the importance of eliminating the dichotomy between religious and general sciences to cultivate the insan kamil (perfect human), who possesses a balance of intellectual intelligence, spiritual depth, and social responsibility. The study concludes that the virtue of knowledge in Islam is always grounded in transcendental values that bridge theory, faith, and practical deeds.

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into educational settings, particularly in formative assessments, offers significant benefits in terms of personalized learning, real time feedback, and increased efficiency. However, the successful implementation of AI driven formative assessments depends not only on technological capabilities but also on socio cultural and organizational factors that shape its adoption. This study explores the socio technical factors influencing the use of AI in formative assessments, emphasizing the importance of considering cultural diversity, institutional culture, and educators' beliefs. AI technologies, while powerful in automating grading and providing personalized assessments, often face limitations in addressing complex student responses that require human judgment. Furthermore, cultural factors, such as students' prior exposure to technology and different cultural attitudes towards AI, play a critical role in the acceptance and effectiveness of these tools. Organizational factors, including leadership support, digital literacy, and the readiness of institutions to adopt AI, are also key determinants in the successful implementation of AI systems in education. Teachers’ beliefs about assessment influence their acceptance and use of AI tools, highlighting the need for professional development and training to ensure that AI enhances pedagogical goals rather than replacing human expertise. The study concludes that the alignment of technology, culture, and assessment beliefs is essential for the effective use of AI driven formative assessments in educational settings. Recommendations for educational institutions include adopting a socio technical approach to AI integration, with a focus on providing resources, training, and fostering a culture of innovation. Future research directions should focus on expanding studies to diverse educational contexts, conducting longitudinal research on AI’s impact on learning outcomes, and exploring additional socio technical frameworks to guide AI adoption in education.

. Film as a mass communication medium not only functions as entertainment, but also as a means of representing power relations in society. Miracle in Cell No. 7 works by Hanung Bramantyo show various forms of official domination and legal inequality which are relevant to be studied through a hegemony perspective. This research aims to describe the forms of hegemony that appear in the film and interpret the social criticism conveyed through the narrative and visualization. The research uses qualitative methods with listening and note-taking techniques, then the data is analyzed through reduction, presentation and drawing conclusions based on Antonio Gramsci's theory of hegemony. The research results show that this film contains four forms of hegemony: ideological hegemony through the instillation of disciplinary values; hegemony of power through apparatus domination and abuse of authority; cultural hegemony through the imposition of a single standard of behavior; and moral hegemony through the formation of ethical judgments that benefit those in power. These findings indicate that films not only present emotional stories, but also present criticism of legal injustice and structural domination. This research confirms that visual media plays an important role in forming public awareness regarding the practice of power in social life.

Journal this paper explores the concepts of honorarium, salary, and allowances in the field of educantion from the perspective of Prophentic tradition (hadith). The study is grounded in the undertanding that education plays a central role in shaping future generations, and teachers, as key contributors, deserve fair and proper compensation for their service. Despite their crucial role, many educators especially honorary teachers often face challenges due to insuffient financial recognition. This research examines various hadiths that emphasize the virtue of lawful work, the obligation to provide wages fairly and on time, and the importance of upholding justice and benevolence in human relationships. This study emplos qualitative library research by analyzing classical hadith compilation and scholarly interpretation. The findings  highlight that fair compensation is not merely an economic issue but a moral and religious oblagation, reinforcing the need for enducational institutions to ensure teachers welfare in accordance with Islamic ethical principles.