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Febi Dena Ashari; Toto Sugito; Nurmaya Prahatmaja

SENIMAN: Jurnal Publikasi Desain Komunikasi Visual 2025 International Forum of Researchers and Lecturers

Traditional arts as part of cultural heritage face significant challenges in maintaining their relevance amid social and cultural changes. One example is Calung Jinjing, a Sundanese bamboo-based performing art that originated from the creative process of students at Universitas Padjadjaran and later developed into a cultural reference within the wider community. This study examines the implementation of the Three-Act Structure in the scriptwriting process of the feature video “Suara dari Unpad: Jejak Calung Jinjing” as a strategy for conveying cultural messages effectively. The research aims to explain how the Three-Act Structure is applied to organize narrative flow, build emotional engagement, and strengthen the delivery of cultural meanings within a feature video format. This study employs a qualitative descriptive approach based on creative practice, supported by field research, observations, interviews with key cultural figures, and analysis of archival materials related to the history and development of Calung Jinjing. The findings indicate that the application of the Three-Act Structure—consisting of the beginning, middle, and ending acts—enables the scriptwriter to construct a coherent and communicative narrative that integrates historical context, cultural dynamics, and contemporary relevance. The structure helps transform research data into a compelling storyline while maintaining factual accuracy and cultural authenticity. This study implies that the Three-Act Structure can serve as an effective narrative framework for scriptwriting in cultural feature videos, particularly in presenting traditional arts as living social phenomena. Furthermore, the findings highlight the strategic role of scriptwriters in bridging cultural heritage and modern audiovisual storytelling.  

Muhamad Muhamad; Shifany Maulida Hijjah

International Journal of Islamic Religious Studies and Sharia 2025 International Forum of Researchers and Lecturers

This study explores the integration of Qur'anic ethical values in modern educational settings, focusing on how philosophical hermeneutics, combined with reflective pedagogy, can enhance students' ethical consciousness. The Qur'an, with its emphasis on key ethical principles such as justice (adl), compassion (rahmah), and responsibility (amanah), provides a foundational framework for cultivating moral behavior in students. The study highlights the potential of reflective pedagogy to contextualize these ethical teachings, ensuring they remain relevant to contemporary issues. The findings suggest that when Qur'anic values are approached through an interpretative and dialogical lens, they can be effectively internalized by students, promoting not only theoretical knowledge but also practical ethical behavior. This study also examines the challenges of integrating religiously oriented ethical frameworks in secular educational systems and the complexities of making Qur'anic teachings resonate with diverse student populations. The implications for educational practice are significant, suggesting that the incorporation of Qur'anic values can bridge the gap between religious teachings and moral actions, fostering a more ethically aware and responsible student body. The research concludes with recommendations for further exploration into the practical implementation of this approach in varied educational contexts, especially in multicultural and multi-faith settings, and highlights the need for long-term studies to assess the impact on students' ethical development.

Syarifudin Syarifudin; Aan Kudrotulloh; Ade Imun Romadan

International Journal of Islamic Religious Studies and Sharia 2025 International Forum of Researchers and Lecturers

This study examines the convergence between classical Islamic philosophy and contemporary digital theory, emphasizing how foundational Islamic concepts can respond to social fragmentation in post-digital Muslim societies. As digital technologies increasingly mediate religious learning, identity formation, and communal interaction, Muslim communities face growing challenges, including the weakening of social bonds and the decentralization of religious authority. Online platforms encourage individualized interpretations of faith and pluralistic expressions of religiosity, which, while expanding participation, often contribute to fragmented identities and diminished communal cohesion.Drawing upon core classical concepts such as ummah (community), akhlaq (ethics), and asabiyya (social solidarity), this research argues that Islamic intellectual heritage offers a normative framework capable of addressing these disruptions. These concepts underscore collective responsibility, moral discipline, and the cultivation of shared values as the foundation of a stable and just society. Using a qualitative approach grounded in textual analysis of classical Islamic scholarship and contemporary digital sociology, the study recontextualizes these principles within present-day digital environments.The findings suggest that adapting traditional values to online engagement can strengthen ethical conduct, mutual accountability, and constructive dialogue in virtual spaces. The notion of a “cyber ummah” further illustrates how transnational digital networks may foster solidarity across geographic and ideological boundaries. Ultimately, this study affirms the continuing relevance of classical Islamic philosophy in guiding the development of an inclusive, morally grounded, and socially cohesive digital society.

Anindya Gustria Nirwasita; Adis Dewanti Rachmanda

Filosofi : Publikasi Ilmu Komunikasi, Desain, Seni Budaya 2025 Asosiasi Seni Desain dan Komunikasi Visual Indonesia

This study aims to analyze gender representation in the L’Oréal Paris Elvive Extraordinary Oil advertisement using Sara Mills’ Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) approach. The advertisement functions not only as a promotional medium for hair-care products but also as a site of meaning production that shapes social constructions of beauty, women’s roles, and power relations within society. Through the visuals and narrative presented, women are portrayed as the central focus as well as symbols of ideal beauty, characterized by shiny hair, an elegant appearance, and a confident demeanor. The analysis shows that women in the advertisement are positioned primarily as visual objects, while the L’Oréal Paris brand takes the role of the subject that provides solutions to women’s problems—specifically damaged hair. The use of the iconic slogan “Because you’re worth it” constructs a discourse suggesting that women’s self-worth and personal value are closely tied to physical appearance, especially the condition of their hair. Thus, the advertisement not only delivers commercial messages but also carries ideological implications about beauty standards that women are expected to meet. This study concludes that advertising plays a crucial role in reproducing contemporary gender norms and influences how society interprets women’s identity and value through the visual representations it presents.

Abdul Husain Natsir; St Halimang

IJLS (International Journal of Law and Society) 2025 Asosiasi Penelitian dan Pengajar Ilmu Hukum Indonesia

This research examines the complex dynamics of Islam-West interactions through a historical-analytical approach, focusing on the evolution of these relations from medieval encounters to contemporary developments. Using qualitative methods through extensive literature review and critical discourse analysis, this study analyzes the multifaceted nature of Islam-West relations across historical periods, contemporary contexts, and emerging paradigms of engagement. Findings reveal that Islam-West interactions have evolved through distinct historical phases: medieval encounters characterized by both intellectual exchange and military conflicts, colonial experiences that created lasting power asymmetries, and contemporary dynamics shaped by geopolitical tensions, migration patterns, and globalization. The research identifies three major contemporary challenges: persistent Orientalist and Islamophobic discourses, geopolitical conflicts intensifying civilizational narratives, and internal diversity within both civilizational spheres that complicates unified engagement. The study proposes a transformative model of Islam-West relations founded on shared ethical values, contextual understanding of religious texts, collaborative approaches to global challenges, and recognition of internal pluralism within both traditions. This research contributes to intercultural understanding by offering a nuanced historical perspective on Islam-West relations and establishing a theoretical framework for constructive engagement in an increasingly interconnected world

Radita Astried Rizkya; Vinjellina Batubara; Sophie Meilatifah; Trivera Hana; Dian Marisha Putri

Jurnal Riset Rumpun Ilmu Bahasa 2025 Pusat riset dan Inovasi Nasional

Here, it is examined how language is employed as a weapon on the internet by means of the illocutionary acts in Bhad Bhabie's 2023 diss track "Ms. Whitman." According to J.L. Austin's and John Searle's Speech Act Theory, the paper categorizes the lyrics of the song into the various kinds of illocutionary acts-assertives, directives, commissives, expressives, and declaratives to determine how word aggression is an instrument of cyberbullying. Through qualitative text analysis, the study reveals expressive and assertive acts most prominent in the lyrics to disseminate defamatory claims, insults, and emotional harm against the object of attack Alabama Barker. Commissive and directive acts, on the other hand, serve to threaten, command, and dominate. The analysis shows how these speech acts collectively construct a model of systematic online verbal attack under the guise of musical performance. The findings show how music culture will tend to normalize aggression, make boundaries between entertainment and harassment opaque, and place audiences' understanding of digital communication ethics. The conclusion synthesizes the recommendation of media education as a means to enable listeners to critically understand the linguistic power of such content.     

‘Afiah Bima Putriani

Konstruksi: Publikasi Ilmu Teknik, Perencanaan Tata Ruang dan Teknik Sipil 2025 Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Teknik Indonesia

The limited urban land in Greater Jakarta demands the emergence of a residential approach that is more adaptive to the growing needs of space. This study examines the application of the concept of a growing house in the residence of Rumah Swatantra by Studio Dasar. The research method uses a qualitative-descriptive approach through literature studies and direct interviews with the designer architects. The results of the study show that the application of modular patterns and concrete hollow infill structure systems provides the flexibility of space growth without the need to dismantle the basic structure. The process of space growth occurred gradually following the development of the family from 2017 to 2024, and showed that the quality of space can still be maintained even though the building is built in stages. These findings confirm that the concept of growing houses can be an alternative strategy for sustainable housing in urban areas that experience limited land. In addition, this study highlights the importance of careful spatial planning from the early stages of development so that spatial expansion can be carried out efficiently, measurably, and in harmony with the needs of residents. This approach not only improves the comfort and functionality of the space, but also minimizes construction waste and future renovation costs.

Cahya Isna; Nurul Hafizah; Marlita Andhika Rahman

Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Umum, Psikolog, Keperawatan dan Kebidanan 2025 Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Kesehatan Indonesia

The high incidence of risky sexual behavior among adolescents is caused by several factors, such as the environment and low selfcontrol. Adolescents living in former red-light districts are at higher risk of risky sexual behavior due to environmental factors and a lack of self-control. Therefore, appropriate psychoeducational media are needed to help improve adolescents' selfcontrol so that risky sexual behavior can be prevented. This study aims to determine the content validity of the ‘SCOUPER’ self-control psychoeducation module as a preventive measure against risky sexual behavior among adolescents in former red-light districts. This study used the Research and Development (R&D) method with a 3D model (Define, Design, and Develop). The define stage analyzed the needs of adolescents, the design stage developed the self-control psychoeducation module, and the develop stage included validity testing with rating scores by experts or validators. The data analysis used in this study was descriptive analysis with Aiken's V formula and validator input. The validity test results showed that the SCOUPER self-control psychoeducation module scored between 0.75 and 1,00 in the high – very high category. Based on the validity test results, the SCOUPER module can be concluded to be valid for use with some suggestions and improvements from the validator. The SCOUPER self-control psychoeducation module is valid in terms of content, construct, and language, and has the potential to be used as a preventive medium in preventing risky sexual behavior among adolescents, especially in former red-light districts.

Susilowati, Susilowati; Dyah Ari Wulandari; Nor Hidayati

Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology Sciences 2025 Faculty Of Engineering University 17 August 1945 Semarang

Logung Reservoir in Kudus Regency is one of the reservoirs with priority for flood management. The threat of sedimentation in the reservoir is extremely high. To prevent sedimentation in the reservoir, it is necessary to prepare an efficient sediment control method that is affordable, easy, and yields optimal results. This research will compare the economic efficiency of two sediment control methods in the reservoir: the construction of Check Dams (CD) upstream and sediment dredging in the reservoir using heavy equipment. The smallest Future Value Cost (FVc) value for 50 years between the CD construction method and Reservoir Dredging is an indication of a more efficient control method. FVc CD analysis is based on construction value, Operation, and maintenance every year, and Rehabilitation assumption every 3 years, and FVc Reservoir dredging is the operational cost of dredging once every 5 years and Rehabilitation assumption every 4 years, with the same volume of sediment. The analysis results based on a 5% internal rate show that the FVc for Check Dams is Rp. 8,584.72 billion, and the FVc for reservoir dredging, including crop losses, is Rp. 55,858.1 billion. Thus, sediment control using the construction and operation of check dams is more efficient.

Halimatu Sa’diah; Jarir Jarir

Folklore is a cultural artifact that stores local wisdom and timeless character education value. One of the folk tales from the Malay coast of Bengkalis that is full of meaning is Merbau Bersiram Blood, a legend about betrayal, slander and a fight for honor between two royal commanders. Using a qualitative-descriptive approach, this article traces the story as a representation of moral education in the construction of Malay culture. Narrative analysis of story line, characters, and symbolism shows how values ​​such as honesty, loyalty, and the consequences of injustice are subtly but powerfully embedded in the structure of the story. This story not only tells of a bloody tragedy, but also reflects the social mechanisms of Malay society in responding to betrayal and cultivating ethics. By re-exploring this story, this article raises the urgency of revitalizing oral traditions as a contextual and meaningful character learning medium, especially in local culture-based education ecosystems. Blood-Drenched Merbau is not just a legend, but a moral voice that echoes from the past for the future generation of Malays.  

Sifiyana, Selfi; Rudiyanto, Arif Rifan; Mustagfirin, Mustagfirin; Arifiani, Rina; Sifiyana, Selfi +3 more

JUISI : Jurnal Ilmiah Sistem Informasi 2025 LPPM Universitas Sains dan Teknologi Komputer

Learning Hijaiyah letters is an essential foundation for studying the Qur’an, especially in early childhood. Traditional learning methods are often considered less engaging because they tend to be monotonous and non-interactive. This study aims to design and develop an Android-based Hijaiyah letter learning application using the Kodular platform by implementing the Multimedia Development Life Cycle (MDLC) method. The MDLC stages include concept, design, material collection, construction, testing, and distribution. This application has several prominent features, including an introduction to Hijaiyah letters, illustrated practice questions with a randomisation system, and automatic assessment displaying learning scores. Test results show that the application runs well on various Android devices and all functions, such as navigation between screens, question randomisation, and score display, work as expected. Based on user trials, this application is practical at increasing students’ interest and understanding of Hijaiyah letters through interactive, enjoyable learning.

Oktovianti Pratiwi; Cecep Kustandi; Dwi Kusumawardani; Imam Fitri Rahmadi

Prosiding Seminar Nasional Ilmu Pendidikan 2025 Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Pendidikan Indonesia

This study aims to explore the role of digital storytelling (DST) as a 21st-century learning strategy in strengthening character education. The rapid development of digital technology and the growing emphasis on student-centered learning have made DST a relevant pedagogical approach that integrates creativity, critical thinking, collaboration, and communication with values-based education. Using a simple systematic literature review (SLR) approach, this study analyzed eight peer-reviewed journal articles published between 2020 and 2024, obtained from international academic databases Scopus. Thematic content analysis was used to synthesize findings and map the contribution of DST to 21st-century learning competencies and character development. The results identified eight key themes: increased student engagement, improved collaboration and communication, enhanced critical thinking and decision-making, creativity and multimodal expression, self-reflection and identity building, empathy and social awareness, interdisciplinary and authentic learning, and the formation of moral values. These findings support constructivist and experiential learning theories and suggest that DST not only enhances cognitive skills but also facilitates affective and ethical development. The study concludes that DST can be a transformative instructional tool in modern education. Practical implications include integrating DST into curricula across disciplines and levels, and equipping educators with training in digital pedagogy and reflective teaching design. Further research is recommended to explore DST implementation in primary and secondary schools and to evaluate its impact using mixed methods.

Candra Oftriyana; Ropita Ropita; Syahrul Ramadhan; Elfia Sukma; Norliza Jamaluddin

This study discusses the phenomenon of language interference on the Instagram account of public figure Cinta Laura Kiehl. Language interference is a language phenomenon characterized by the entry of elements from one language into another language commonly used by bilingual or multilingual speakers. In this context, the interference of Indonesian and English on Cinta Laura's Instagram account is interesting to study because of its consistent and striking use in various uploads and digital interactions. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach with a content analysis method on data in the form of image captions uploaded by Cinta Laura at a certain time. The results of the study show that the interference that appears can be classified into several linguistic levels, namely lexical, morphological, syntactic, and semantic levels. Lexical interference appears in the use of English vocabulary in Indonesian sentences. Meanwhile, morphological interference is seen from the structure of mixed word formation that does not comply with the rules in Indonesian. Syntactic interference appears in the form of sentence structures that follow the structure of English. Factors that cause interference include the speaker's bilingual background, the habit of using foreign languages ​​in everyday life, the influence of an international social environment, and expressive and modern communication styles on social media. This study shows that interference in the context of social media is not merely a form of language deviation, but can also be seen as part of the construction of self-identity and digital communication strategies. These findings are expected to contribute to contemporary sociolinguistic studies and enrich understanding of the dynamics of language use in digital public spaces.

MonalisaMonalisa; Asriah Syam; Cindy Yoel Tanesa; Gracela Marisa; Carolina Mustikarini +1 more

Proceeding of the International Conference on Management, Entrepreneurship, and Business 2025 Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Manajemen Kewirausahaan dan Bisnis Indonesia

The blue economy is widely promoted as a pathway to sustainable development, yet women’s enterprises remain marginalized by structural barriers. This study investigates whether support systems directly influence the sustainability of coastal women’s businesses in Bulukumba South Sulawesi, Indonesia, while applying the Quintuple Bottom Line (QBL) and Theory of Change (Toc) frameworks. A quantitative design using survey data from women-led micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) was analyzed through structural equation modeling (SEM). The model assessed the reliability of constructs and tested the hypothesized effect of support systems including access to finance, social support, and public policy on sustainability outcomes. Findings reveal that although the measurement model demonstrated reliability and validity, support systems showed no significant direct effect on sustainability. This result contrasts with much of the existing literature but aligns with recent studies emphasizing mediation through financial literacy, managerial capacity, and institutional scaffolding. The study thus adds nuance by demonstrating that external interventions, in isolation, are insufficient for sustaining women’s enterprises in coastal contexts. The research contributes theoretically by extending QBL and Toc to gendered coastal entrepreneurship and practically by highlighting the need for integrated, gender-sensitive policies. Future research should examine mediating and moderating mechanisms that translate support into long term sustainability.

NapisahNapisah; Fina Fitriyana; JulianaJuliana

Proceeding of the International Conference on Management, Entrepreneurship, and Business 2025 Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Manajemen Kewirausahaan dan Bisnis Indonesia

Green accounting procedures have been adopted by numerous companies in response to the growing global focus on environmental responsibility. Nonetheless, monetary instability is still a major obstacle that can reduce productivity in Indonesia's manufacturing sector. The purpose of this research is to analyze industrial businesses listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2019 to 2023 and see how green accounting, financial crisis, and earnings management affect financial performance. The population in this study consists of 68 industrial sector companies, with a sample of 7 companies selected through purposive sampling based on 4 criteria. We used EViews software and Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) for a quantitative approach. First, financial distress has a significant impact on financial performance. Second, green accounting has a significant positive effect on financial performance. Third, earnings management does not moderate the relationship between financial distress and financial performance. Fourth, earnings management does not moderate the relationship between green accounting and financial performance. With an Adjusted R-Square value of 79.73%, the study model has a high level of explanatory power. It may be used to explain the majority of the variation in financial performance. This shows that the constructed model is applicable and fits the empirical data well. Transparent reporting and real sustainability initiatives are still vital for improving company results, according to these results, as profits management methods do not change the impact of environmental and financial variables, which are important drivers of performance.

Yuantomi Rohmat Udin; Dika Puspitaningrum

Prosiding Seminar Nasional Ilmu Manajemen Kewirausahaan dan Bisnis 2025 Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Manajemen Kewirausahaan dan Bisnis Indonesia

The construction industry faces major challenges in managing material inventory, particularly among start-up companies that still rely on paper-based manual records. Such practices often lead to data inconsistencies, delays in decision-making, and project inefficiencies. This study aims to analyze the implementation of a cloud-based and real-time inventory management system utilizing spreadsheets at PT X, a start-up contractor located in Karanganyar, Central Java. The research employs a qualitative case study approach, with data collected through direct observation, semi-structured interviews with finance staff, logistics administration staff, and the project manager, as well as documentation of material inflows and outflows. The findings reveal that the use of cloud-based spreadsheets enhances data transparency, facilitates real-time monitoring between field and office, and accelerates stock opname validation. The system also supports more responsive decision-making regarding material reordering and request postponements. Nevertheless, several obstacles remain, including limited digital literacy among staff, potential input errors, and reliance on internet connectivity. Theoretically, this research contributes to the literature on accounting information systems and inventory management in small-scale construction sectors. Practically, it demonstrates that low-cost cloud solutions can improve operational efficiency and serve as a foundation for developing more integrated systems in the future.

Aan Mirkan; Agum Pinanda; Ditha Olivia; Andri Nata Nael; Novi Arianti +1 more

Anugerah : Jurnal Pendidikan Kristiani dan Kateketik Katolik 2025 Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Pendidikan Agama dan Filsafat Indonesia

This study aims to analyze the multidimensional integration between theology and management in developing an ethical, holistic, and human-centered paradigm of Christian leadership. The research employs a qualitative descriptive method through a comprehensive literature analysis of contemporary theological and managerial works. The findings demonstrate that theology serves as a normative foundation that shapes managerial decision-making processes and guides the moral direction of organizations. The integration of spiritual, social, and practical dimensions produces a leadership model emphasizing love, honesty, justice, responsibility, and service. These results indicate that theology functions not merely as a reflection of faith but also as a conceptual framework that directs management practices toward sustainability and social balance. The multidimensional theological approach bridges faith values with concrete actions in modern organizations, offering substantial contributions to the development of character-based, humanistic, and transformative management. Consequently, this study enriches the academic discourse on theology-management integration and provides a conceptual reference for constructing ethical leadership models in the global era.

Suryo Bayu Tirto Aji

World Journal of Islamic Learning and Teaching 2025 Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Pendidkan Agama dan Filsafat Indonesia

This study aims to develop a social media-based learning platform, specifically an Instagram account (@AIK_Muh5), for Islamic Religious Education (AIK) at Muhammadiyah Junior High School, using the first two stages of the ADDIE model (Analysis and Design). The study is based on theoretical frameworks such as social media-based learning, the challenges of AIK in the 21st century, and educational theories like constructivism and connectivism. The platform is designed to offer interactive and engaging learning through visual content like infographics, educational videos, and Instagram’s interactive features (polls, stories, comments, and live sessions). This approach aims to enhance students' digital literacy, provide relevant content, and strengthen Islamic character. While the platform has potential, it faces limitations, including a lack of empirical data to measure its effectiveness, the risk of oversimplifying complex AIK material, and an unclear evaluation system. Additionally, access issues and age restrictions hinder its use. The study suggests continuous development, integration with face-to-face learning, and inclusive strategies to ensure equitable access for all students, positioning this platform as a model for AIK learning in the digital age.

Salam, Salam

Dinamika Pembelajaran : Jurnal Pendidikan dan bahasa 2025 Lembaga Pengembangan Kinerja Dosen

This study aims to improve students' understanding of figurative language material through the application of the Bus Stop cooperative learning model combined with the Frayer Diagram media. The subjects of the study were sixth-grade students of Muhammadiyah 1 Bontang Elementary School. The method used was descriptive qualitative with observation, interview, and documentation techniques. The results of the study showed that the Bus Stop strategy encouraged active interaction between students, allowing them to discuss and provide feedback to each other. Meanwhile, the Frayer Diagram helped students map the concept of figurative language visually and systematically, thus facilitating their understanding of the four types of figurative language taught, namely personification, metaphor, hyperbole, and simile. The combination of these two methods proved effective, with 90% of students showing an increase in their ability to identify and construct figurative sentences. Based on these results, the study recommends the use of cooperative strategies combined with visual media as a more meaningful and enjoyable approach to learning Indonesian, and able to increase student engagement and understanding of figurative language material.

Fahreza Irghi Budi Saputra; Michella Beatrix

Prosiding Seminar Nasional Ilmu Teknik 2025 Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Teknik Indonesia

E-Tendering is an electronic-based procurement method that integrates all parties involved in construction projects through a digital platform, simplifying communication, document exchange, and transactions from the initial stage to project completion. The primary objective of implementing E-Tendering in the construction sector is to improve efficiency and transparency in the procurement process of goods and services. However, construction service providers often face obstacles in E-Tendering, such as limited technological proficiency, administrative errors that may disqualify bids, and technical issues like internet connectivity and platform system reliability. Therefore, this research aims to identify the barriers and level of understanding of E-Tendering among construction service providers in Surabaya. A total of 51 respondents were selected using snowball sampling, based on their participation in the E-Tendering system. Data processing in this study employed a quantitative approach using the Fuzzy AHP method to analyze the criteria and sub-criteria related to understanding and obstacles in participating in electronic construction service tenders (E-Tendering). The results of the analysis of service providers’ understanding of the E-Tendering system using the AHP method showed a λmax value of 9.09, a Consistency Index (CI) of 0.01, and a Consistency Ratio (CR) of 0.007. The CR value, which is far below the threshold of 0.10, indicates that the respondents’ assessments are consistent, meaning that the pairwise comparison results of the nine criteria can be considered valid and reliable.