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The rapid evolution of smart cities, driven by the integration of technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT) and blockchain, has brought about significant advancements in urban infrastructure and services. However, these developments also introduce new cybersecurity challenges. Introduction: Smart cities are increasingly vulnerable to cyber threats due to the extensive use of interconnected devices and systems. A key security concern is the management of digital identities, which is essential for maintaining the integrity and reliability of city services. Literature Review: Traditional centralized identity management systems face significant security issues, including a single point of failure, data breaches, and limited user control over personal information. In contrast, decentralized solutions, particularly blockchain-based systems, offer enhanced security through their distributed nature, eliminating vulnerabilities associated with centralized models. Materials and Method: This research focuses on blockchain technology’s application in smart city identity management. A decentralized framework is proposed, leveraging cryptographic techniques, consensus mechanisms, and smart contracts to ensure data security, integrity, and privacy. Results and Discussion: The implementation of blockchain for identity management significantly improves attack tolerance, data integrity, and transparency. The decentralized approach mitigates the risks associated with central authorities, ensuring that user data remains secure and verifiable. However, scalability, interoperability, and regulatory compliance challenges remain. Blockchain solutions must be optimized for large-scale smart city applications and aligned with legal standards to achieve widespread adoption. Future research should focus on overcoming these challenges to create a more secure and resilient smart city infrastructure.

The growing environmental crisis underscores the need for education systems to foster ecological responsibility among students. This study explores the potential for multifaith schools to cultivate environmental moral education through an interreligious pedagogical model. By integrating diverse religious teachings on ecology, the proposed model aims to promote shared moral values for environmental protection and sustainability. The research addresses the gap in existing environmental education, which often lacks an integrated approach that incorporates various religious perspectives. Through a qualitative research design, the study analyzes curricula, observes classroom practices, conducts interviews with educators, and evaluates existing environmental education frameworks in multifaith schools. The study identifies key strategies, including the incorporation of eco-ethics from different religious traditions, project-based learning, and interfaith dialogues, as effective means of fostering ecological responsibility. However, challenges such as balancing doctrinal differences, overcoming biases, and developing inclusive pedagogy remain. The study emphasizes the importance of designing educational content that respects all faiths and promotes intercultural dialogue, thereby encouraging a collective commitment to sustainability. The findings suggest that multifaith schools can serve as powerful platforms for environmental moral education, highlighting the value of integrating religious perspectives into sustainability education. The study concludes with recommendations for incorporating interreligious eco-ethics into curricula and teacher training programs and suggests future research on the long-term impact of interreligious environmental education and its applicability in diverse cultural contexts.

Semarang, the capital of Central Java, is one of the big cities in Indonesia. However, the city still experiences significant education gaps. Moved by concern and enthusiasm for educating the nation, several physics education students at UIN Walisongo Semarang University together with the login house community carried out a joint learning program by introducing physics with children under the Semarang Cakrawal flyover bridge. This activity aims to improve children's knowledge and skills in physics subjects. This activity is not only about documenting a joint learning program but it is a moral movement to fight for the right to education for all children in Indonesia. This research was conducted in the urban area under the Cakrawala Flyover Bridge, Tawangsari, West Semarang. The method used in this service activity uses a classical approach. Children's enthusiasm and motivation for learning physics seems to be getting higher after being given motivation and fun learning methods from physics students.

Floods are disasters that often occur in Indonesia. Disasters caused by hydrometeorological factors always increase every year. Even though sometimes it doesn't cause many casualties, this disaster still damages infrastructure and significantly disrupts the economic stability of the community. The characteristics of floods are very diverse, floods can be caused by high rainfall without adequate soil absorption or can occur in the form of flash irrigation failures. South Kalimantan is a city known as the "City of a Thousand Rivers", which of course cannot be separated from flooding situations every rainy season. One of them is quite common in urban areas, especially the city of Banjarbaru. The dense population and the presence of rivers sometimes cause flooding, especially if the intensity of rainfall lasts long enough. Likewise, what often happens in the Kemuning Banjarbaru sub-district, floods that often come suddenly have become a normal activity for local residents. Without hesitation, there were even (9) RTs that were affected by the flash flood. Even though they are used to facing floods, especially when the rainy season arrives, residents are still advised to always be alert.

The diversity in societal exercise preferences has increased significantly, with fitness emerging as a favored modern activity, particularly in urban areas of Indonesia. Fitness is valued for its effectiveness in restoring body fitness and achieving ideal body shapes swiftly. However, in the era of Industry 4.0, technological advancements have revolutionized the approach to fitness. Smartphone fitness applications have replaced the role of personal trainers by providing tailored exercise and dietary programs. User Interface (UI) plays a pivotal role in fitness applications, influencing User Experience (UX). The challenge lies in designing UI to accommodate user heterogeneity, both internally and externally. Adaptive UI emerges as a solution, capable of altering layout and content according to user characteristics. Kernwerk® Functional Fitness exemplifies a fitness application utilizing AI to optimize fitness routines. To enhance Kernwerk's UI adaptability, UX evaluation is conducted using UEQ+ modular extension, a comprehensive instrument for effectively and efficiently measuring user experience. Through this evaluation, components of UI and UX requiring further development to enhance Kernwerk's adaptability can be identified.

Environmental laws play a critical role in shaping sustainable urban development by setting guidelines and regulations for managing natural resources, waste, and pollution. This study explores the influence of environmental law on sustainable city planning, examining case studies from various urban areas to assess the efficacy of these laws in promoting green spaces, reducing carbon emissions, and enhancing public health. The research highlights legal challenges and provides recommendations for policymakers aiming to balance urban expansion with environmental preservation.  

This research examines the relationship between air quality and respiratory health in urban populations. By analyzing data on air pollution levels and health outcomes such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the study identifies significant correlations between poor air quality and increased respiratory issues. The findings underscore the need for policy changes aimed at improving air quality to enhance public health in urban settings.

This study aims to determine the effect of price and product quality on purchasing decisions for infinix smarthphone products in Shopee e-commerce, with a case study of the Isola urban community in Bandung. The research method used is quantitative with data collection techniques through questionnaires distributed to 100 respondents. The data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression analysis. The results showed that price and price significantly influenced the decision to purchase infinix smarthphone products in Shopee e-commerce. Price makes a greater contribution than product quality in influencing purchasing decisions. This research is expected to provide benefits for e-commerce businesses in increasing competitive pricing and product quality to increase consumer purchasing decisions.

The growth of the urban population has led to a shortage of agricultural land. This has led to an increase in urban agriculture, including hydroponics. The purpose of this research is to find out the partnership mechanism between hydroponic family farm and PT Puspa Agro Farm Sukabumi. This research uses descriptive analysis method found that the partnership between hydroponic family farm and PT Puspa Agro Farm is plasma core pattern. This pattern describes the assistance to hydroponic family farms from PT Puspa Agro farm. This is done to produce high quality plants and meet the criteria.  The types of plants are pakcoy mustard, pagoda mustard, curly lettuce, and romaine lettuce for each plant. Family farms establish partnership relationships through the Inti-plasma mechanism. The partner company guides the production process of partner farmers so that they can provide quality vegetables in accordance with the SOPs that are applied. The partnership pattern between Family Farm and PT Puspa Agro is a core-plasma mechanism. The plants produced are pakcoy mustard, pagoda mustard, curly lettuce and roamine lettuce. The benefits of the nucleus-plasma partnership pattern are that it can improve in economic and technical terms. Family Farm plants are of high quality and can meet consumer criteria.

The digital transformation within the public sector has shifted from an optional advancement to a primary parameter for local government success in managing dynamic metropolitan areas. This research examines the acceleration of Smart Governance in Surabaya through the implementation of the mandatory non-cash parking policy on public roads. Using a qualitative approach with a descriptive-analytical design, the study explores how this transition redefine the relationship between the government, parking attendants, and citizens. Findings indicate that the policy effectively minimizes budget leakage and enhances fiscal transparency. The integration of digital payment systems has transformed traditional parking management into a data-driven service, fostering public trust through accountable financial tracking. Furthermore, the shift from cash to digital transactions has successfully professionalized the role of parking attendants within the urban ecosystem. However, success relies heavily on consistent infrastructure readiness and public literacy. The study concludes that Surabaya's non-cash parking model serves as a vital instrument for strengthening Regional Original Revenue (PAD) while modernizing urban governance. These implications suggest that digital integration is not merely a technical change but a fundamental shift in bureaucratic culture. This model provides a strategic framework for other Indonesian metropolitan cities aiming to implement similar digital-based public service innovations and sustainable smart city governance.

Fraudsters increasingly exploit unauthorized credit card information for financial gain, targeting un-suspecting users, especially as financial institutions expand their services to semi-urban and rural areas. This, in turn, has continued to ripple across society, causing huge financial losses and lowering user trust implications for all cardholders. Thus, banks cum financial institutions are today poised to implement fraud detection schemes. Five algorithms were trained with and without the application of the Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique (SMOTE) to assess their performance. These algorithms included Random Forest (RF), K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Naïve Bayes (NB), Support Vector Machines (SVM), and Logistic Regression (LR). The methodology was implemented and tested through an API using Flask and Streamlit in Python. Before applying SMOTE, the RF classifier outperformed the others with an accuracy of 0.9802, while the accuracies for LR, KNN, NB, and SVM were 0.9219, 0.9435, 0.9508, and 0.9008, respectively. Conversely, after the application of SMOTE, RF achieved a prediction accuracy of 0.9919, whereas LR, KNN, NB, and SVM attained accuracies of 0.9805, 0.9210, 0.9125, and 0.8145, respectively. These results highlight the effectiveness of combining RF with SMOTE to enhance prediction accuracy in credit card fraud detection.

Special stopping space for motorbikes is one of the facilities for motorbikes to stop at intersections during the red phase. This special stopping space has been tested on a limited scale to support the movement of motorbikes at signalized intersections in large cities in Indonesia. This research aims to evaluate the intersection and then plan a special stopping room according to the number of motorbikes piling up during the red phase at the intersection. Intersection evaluation is carried out based on primary data and secondary data. The calculation method is guided by the 1997 Indonesian Road Capacity Manual (MKJI) and Technical Planning Guidelines for Special Stop Spaces (RHK) for Motorcycles at Signalized Intersections in Urban Areas.The traffic behavior of the existing intersection is, west approach capacity 335 pcu/hour, DS (Degree of Saturation) 1,878, queue length 97 m and average delay 157 sec/pcu. East approach capacity is 342 pcu/hour, DS (Degree of Saturation) is 2,295, queue length is 97 m, and average delay is 169.3 sec/pcu. North approach capacity is 600 pcu/hour, DS (Degree of Saturation) is 0.546, queue length is 157 m, and average delay is 69.2 sec/pcu. South approach capacity is 941 pcu/hour, DS (Degree of Saturation) 0.987, queue length 245 m, and average delay 111.6 sec/pcu.The special stopping space design on the northern approach is 2 lanes with an approach lane and an area of ​​84 m2; on the southern approach, namely 2 lanes with an approach lane and an area of ​​84 m2; on the western and eastern approaches do not meet the 2012 Age Work Department Service standards in RHK planning.

Banyuanyar Village is located in Banjarsari District, Surakarta City. Banyuanyar Village is included in the status of urban areas and has a Puskesmas which plays an important role in public health. Patient visits at the Banyuanyar Health Center physiotherapy clinic for shoulder pain cases from 2022 were 25 patients while in 2023 they increased to 50 patients. The most common case is shoulder pain with the third highest case. Characterized by complaints of pain in the shoulder that hinder daily activities. The purpose of this program is to provide education and demonstrate exercises in cases of shoulder pain in order to reduce and prevent complaints. The method used was education in the form of counseling and distributing leaflets to the elderly at the Banyuanyar RW 03 elderly post. The results obtained from measuring the increase in understanding using the pre-test and post-test questionnaires were a significant increase in understanding regarding exercise with a pre-test average value of 10 and a post-test average value of 85.5

This study aims to explore the influence of the social environment on the communication patterns of adolescents in urban areas. A qualitative approach is used to understand how factors such as family, peers, school environment, social media, local culture, socioeconomic status, globalization, and physical environment influence the way adolescents communicate. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, focus group discussions and case studies. The respondents in this study were 100 respondents from teenagers in Bandung city.The results showed that family has a central role in shaping adolescents' communication skills, with supportive parenting increasing openness and communication effectiveness. Peers also have a significant influence, where adolescents adjust their communication style to gain social acceptance. School environments that support open and participatory communication have been shown to improve adolescents' communication skills, while the use of social media and modern technology changes the mode and frequency of communication, although sometimes reducing face-to-face interactions.Local culture and urbanization introduce adolescents to more modern and dynamic communication styles, while socioeconomic status affects access to education and technology, which in turn affects communication skills. Globalization and exposure to foreign cultures broaden adolescents' communication horizons, allowing interaction with various groups. Finally, the urban physical environment, including public facilities and population density, affects adolescents' interaction and communication patterns.  The findings provide implications for policies and interventions aimed at improving adolescents' communication skills through a holistic approach involving family, school, community, and management of social media use.

The prevalence of cardiovascular disease in Indonesia continues to increase and is one of the leading causes of death. Some of the risk factors for cardiovascular disease are hypertension, dyslipidemia and diabetes mellitus. These risk factors are not only experienced by urban communities but also occur in people living in rural areas. The purpose of this activity is to determine the incidence of hypertension, diabetes mellitus and cholesterol.Data collection on cardiovascular disease risk factors was carried out by measuring blood pressure, blood sugar levels and total cholesterol levels. This activity was attended by 40 total respondents with an age range of 40-60 years, 14 men and 26 women. Data analysis showed that 72% of respondents had blood pressure above normal. Respondents with normal blood sugar were only 13%, and the rest needed further examination. Cholesterol levels in the high category were 80% and slightly high were found in 20% of respondents. The data shows that the prevalence of risk factors for cardiovascular disease is quite large in the pre-elderly and elderly community in RT 01 RW 21 Tangkerang Tengah, Marpoyan Damai District, Pekanbaru.

 Temulawak is a cosmetic brand in Indonesia. Temulawak cosmetic products must compete so that their flagship products are able to attract consumer buying interest and dominate market share. The aim of this research is to analyze the quality of ginger cosmetic products on the decision to purchase these products. The research was carried out by distributing questionnaires online via Google Form to 100 respondents as a sample. The collected primary data will be tested for validity and readability and then analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis and processed using SPSS version 26 software. The results of the research show that product quality has a positive effect on purchasing decisions. The research results provide implications for ginger cosmetic products to improve product quality. By implementing this strategy, it is hoped that consumer purchasing decisions for ginger cosmetic products can be improved.  

This study explores the relationship between teachers' digital pedagogical competency and student learning outcomes in both rural and urban schools. A descriptive survey design, utilizing correlational and regression analyses, was employed to examine this relationship. Data were collected from teachers using a structured questionnaire assessing their digital competence, while student learning outcomes were measured through academic performance records. The results revealed significant differences between urban and rural schools in terms of teachers’ digital competence, with urban teachers demonstrating higher levels of digital skills. A positive correlation was found between teachers' digital competence and student learning outcomes, particularly in urban schools, where digital tools were more readily available. The regression analysis further confirmed that digital competence was a significant predictor of student achievement, with urban schools outperforming rural ones even after controlling for teacher experience. The study suggests that infrastructure availability, teacher training, and institutional support play crucial roles in enhancing digital competence, particularly in rural schools, where such resources are often limited. These findings underscore the need for policy reforms that ensure equitable access to digital tools and professional development opportunities for teachers across both rural and urban settings. Recommendations include targeted interventions for rural schools to bridge the digital divide and improve student learning outcomes through enhanced teacher digital competencies.

The problem currently faced is that the amount of green open space that must be provided by the government has not yet reached 30% of the city area. The problems are as follows: 1) What are the responsibilities of the Semarang City Government in fulfilling green open space in urban areas based on Semarang City Regional Regulation Number 14 of 2011 concerning Semarang City Regional Spatial Planning for 2011-2031 as amended by the Semarang City Regional Regulation Number 5 of 2021? 2) What obstacles does the Semarang City Government face in fulfilling green open space in urban areas? 3) What solutions can the Semarang City Government implement to face obstacles in providing green open space in urban areas? This research uses a normative juridical approach (normative legal research). The data analysis used is a qualitative approach to secondary data as main data and primary data as supporting data. The research results show that the responsibility of the Semarang City Government in fulfilling green open space in urban areas is in accordance with the plan for the distribution of regional service facilities in each part of the city area (BWK). The obstacles faced by the Semarang City Government, namely: juridical obstacles, technical obstacles. Solutions that can be implemented by the Semarang City Government are: enforcing regulations with punishment regarding local building regulations, including the Basic Building Coefficient (KDB) for all buildings so that there is open space in each site which will be useful for planting trees or reforestation, propose an additional budget in the Expenditure Budget Activity Plan (RKAB) according to real needs as well as plans for additional city park development. The proposal for additions outside the routine budget is intended to maximize the implementation of medium and long term work programs. recruiting honorary/contract workers to help with the maintenance of existing city parks.    

This community service activity was carried out to members of Aisyiyah Karang Bahagia Branch. The purpose of this activity is to improve the skills of Aisyiyah members of Karang Bahagia Branch, especially in utilising the environment as a place for vegetable cultivation. This activity was carried out using two methods, namely face-to-face and online via zoom meet. This activity was carried out on 19 July 2021 to 25 July 2021. From the activities that have been carried out, the participants are very enthusiastic about the material presented by the speaker and are eager to practice farming with the hydroponic method.

This study explores the impact of community health workers (CHWs) on improving healthcare access for vulnerable populations. By examining programs in urban and rural settings, the research highlights how CHWs facilitate education, outreach, and navigation of healthcare services. The findings indicate that CHWs play a vital role in bridging gaps in healthcare access, ultimately leading to better health outcomes for underserved communities.