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Education is a fundamental element in an individual's life that aims to optimize human potential across cognitive, affective, and psychomotor domains. This research is motivated by the importance of students' ability to manage their study time effectively to support optimal learning outcomes. The purpose of this study is to describe and compare students' study time management based on gender. This study used a descriptive comparative method, with a sample of several eighth-grade students at Islamic Boarding School X. Data were collected using a Likert scale instrument, then analyzed using descriptive techniques and an independent-samples t-test using the (Jeffreys’s Amazing Statistics Program) JASP application. The results indicate that several students are able to manage their study time well. Furthermore, no significant differences were found between male and female students in managing their study time. These findings indicate that the ability to manage study time is relatively even and is not influenced by gender.

This qualitative literature review explores how digital activism is transforming stakeholder influence and corporate responsiveness. Contrary to traditional models emphasizing unified collective action, recent evidence reveals that heterogeneous stakeholders now mobilize through fragmented yet emotionally resonant digital narratives. This form of "heterogeneous convergence" enables diverse publics to exert pressure on firms despite lacking organizational coherence. Drawing from contemporary cases such as #MeToo and #DeleteUber, the review highlights how digital platforms facilitate dynamic stakeholder engagement, enabling rapid reputational impacts. The findings suggest that organizations must adapt to increasingly polyphonic and contested stakeholder environments, where legitimacy is shaped not by static engagement models but by real-time digital responsiveness. This review contributes to stakeholder theory by integrating digital mobilization dynamics and calls for expanded theoretical and empirical research into digitally mediated stakeholder influence

This study aims to analyze the influence of domestic and global factors on Indonesia’s economic growth, with variables including inflation, world oil prices, and geopolitical risk. The research employs a quantitative approach using a regression model combined with the Engle–Granger Error Correction Model (ECM) to capture both short-run and long-run dynamics among variables. The data used are time series data from 1986 to 2024, sourced from the World Bank and the Geopolitical Risk Index. The results show that in the short run, inflation and world oil prices have a positive and significant effect on economic growth, while geopolitical risk has a negative and significant effect. In the long run, inflation remains positive and significant, whereas geopolitical risk continues to have a negative and significant impact on economic growth. The error correction term coefficient (ECT(-1)), which is negative and significant, indicates the presence of a relatively fast adjustment mechanism toward long-run equilibrium. These findings confirm that the ECM approach is effective in explaining the dynamic relationship between domestic and global factors and Indonesia’s economic growth.

This study explores how litigation risk influences valuation techniques in mergers and acquisitions (M&A), focusing on discounted cash flow (DCF) models and peer comparables. Through a qualitative synthesis of recent literature, it finds that legal exposure significantly alters valuation strategies—particularly in fairness opinions—prompting conservative estimates to mitigate shareholder lawsuits and regulatory scrutiny. The analysis reveals that litigation risk can distort valuation objectivity, reduce deal premiums, and shift the role of valuation from economic justification to legal protection. This paper contributes to a deeper understanding of the intersection between legal risk and financial valuation in corporate transactions

This study aims to analyze the effect of service quality and customer experience on consumer satisfaction at Iky Salon Waioti. This research employs a quantitative approach using primary data collected through questionnaires distributed to 100 respondents. The data were analyzed using validity and reliability tests, classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression analysis, as well as t-tests and F-tests. The results indicate that service quality has a positive and significant effect on consumer satisfaction. Customer experience also has a positive and significant effect on consumer satisfaction. Simultaneously, both variables significantly influence consumer satisfaction. These findings suggest that improving service quality and creating positive customer experiences are important factors in enhancing consumer satisfaction and strengthening the competitiveness of Iky Salon Waioti.

This study aims to analyze the influence of product quality and price on customer satisfaction at Kopirates Coffee Shop in Sikka Regency. The research employed a quantitative approach using a survey method involving 100 respondents selected through purposive sampling. Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression with the assistance of SPSS software. The results indicate that both product quality and price have a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction, both partially and simultaneously. The coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.700 shows that 70% of the variation in customer satisfaction can be explained by product quality and price, while the remaining 30% is influenced by other factors outside the research model. These findings emphasize the importance of maintaining high product quality and implementing appropriate pricing strategies to enhance customer satisfaction.

This research aims to obtain empirical evidence about the influence of company growth, financial distress, opinion shopping, and political costs on going concern audit opinion with earnings management as a moderating variable. This research uses a quantitative type of research. The sample in this study was 33 banking sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2014-2023. The analysis technique used to test the hypothesis is multiple regression analysis using Eviews 9 software. The results of this study found that Company Growth has a negative and statistically significant effect on Going Concern Audit Opinion, as well as Financial Distress has a negative and statistically significant effect on Going Concern. Audit Opinion, while Opinion Shopping has a positive and statistically insignificant effect on Going Concern Audit Opinion, Political Cost has a positive and statistically significant effect on Going Concern Audit Opinion, and Earnings Management has a negative and statistically significant effect on Going Concern Audit Opinion. Then, Earnings Management strengthens the influence of Company Growth on Going Concern Audit Opinion, likewise Earnings Management does not strengthen the influence of Financial Distress on Going Concern Audit Opinion, besides that, Earnings Management strengthens the influence of Opinion Shopping on Going Concern Audit Opinion, and Earnings Management does not strengthen the influence of Company Growth towards Going Concern Audit Opinion

This study examines the role of spiritual intelligence in shaping students’ understanding of happiness in the digital era from an Islamic psychology perspective. Employing a qualitative phenomenological approach, the research involves university students who actively engage with social media. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation, and analyzed using thematic analysis. The findings reveal a significant shift in the meaning of happiness, from a substantive and intrinsic concept to a more symbolic and externally driven construct influenced by digital culture and online validation. Nevertheless, spiritual intelligence functions as a reflective and stabilizing mechanism, enabling students to reinterpret happiness as a deeper, more meaningful inner state. From the perspective of Islamic psychology, true happiness (sa’adah) is grounded in closeness to God and the internalization of spiritual values in daily life. This study underscores the importance of spiritual intelligence in addressing psychological challenges in the digital age and fostering a more balanced and authentic sense of well-being among students.

The dominance of digital technology in contemporary society has led to a shift in human values. Technology no longer serves merely as a tool but has evolved into a crucial system shaping interaction, communication, and behavior. This study uses qualitative methods to examine how digital technology influences human values in modern society. For this purpose, a literature review was carried out, incorporating thematic analysis of relevant sources. According to this study, the prevalence of digital technology has significantly transformed many aspects of social life. This includes the transition from a user-centered paradigm to a more automated system-centered paradigm; the conversion of human identity into data representation in digital systems; as well as the move from in-person to online communication within social exchanges. These effects undermine the quality of social relationships, reduce empathy and interpersonal interaction, increase dependence on technology, and lead to dehumanization. Furthermore, changes in information perception have the potential to improve digital literacy but simultaneously reduce the quality of critical public reflection. Nevertheless, digital technology continues to offer advantages such as easier access to information and productivity gains. Therefore, strategic efforts are needed to improve user-centered technology, digital skills, and adaptable regulations.

Exclusive breastfeeding during the first six months of a baby's life is an important effort in improving children's health and growth and development. However, the success of exclusive breastfeeding still faces various challenges, one of which is influenced by socio-cultural factors that develop in society. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between socio-cultural factors and the success of exclusive breastfeeding at Grha Permata Ibu Hospital In 2025. This study used a quantitative method with an analytical observational cross-sectional design. The study population consisted of mothers with infants aged 6–9 months at Grha Permata Ibu Hospital. The sample size was 96 respondents, obtained using the Lemeshow formula with total sampling technique. Data collection was conducted using a sociocultural questionnaire and an exclusive breastfeeding success questionnaire. Data analysis was performed univariately and bivariately using the chi-square test. Based on the chi-square test results, a p-value of <0.001 was obtained, meaning that the p-value was <α (0.05), so it can be concluded that there is a relationship between sociocultural factors and the success of exclusive breastfeeding at Grha Permata Ibu Hospital in 2025.

Blood sampling is a mildly invasive medical procedure aimed at detecting diseases, assessing organ function, and evaluating the patient's overall health. It often causes pain, which can affect patient comfort. Pain perception during this procedure is influenced by both physiological and psychological factors. Therefore, safe and easily implemented non-pharmacological interventions are essential to alleviate pain intensity, and one such intervention is deep breathing relaxation. This descriptive observational study employed a quantitative one-shot case study design with a posttest-only approach. Pain intensity was measured after the deep breathing relaxation intervention was given, without any pretest. The findings revealed that after the deep breathing relaxation intervention, most respondents experienced mild pain (84 people, 70.6%), moderate pain (32 people, 26.9%), and severe pain (2 people, 1.7%). The results indicate that deep breathing relaxation significantly reduces pain intensity during blood sampling and can be effectively used as a non-pharmacological intervention to enhance patient comfort during medical procedures.

This study aims to examine and review the impact of language learning through text-based methods on the cognitive abilities of elementary school students. The research approach used is a qualitative study with the main instrument being the researcher, and supporting instruments including observation, interviews, and documentation of student learning outcomes at the elementary school level. Research data was obtained from various library sources, such as books, scientific articles, national and international journals, and other relevant scientific works related to text-based learning and student cognitive development. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of Indonesian language learning with text-based methods has a diverse impact on students. Differences in learning outcomes are not only influenced by the strategies and learning processes implemented by teachers, but are also closely related to students' cognitive abilities in understanding, interpreting, and processing information from Indonesian texts. Thus, text-based methods need to be adapted to the characteristics and levels of students' cognitive abilities so that learning objectives can be optimally achieved.

This study investigates the influence of drug availability, location, and service quality on consumer purchasing decisions at Toko Obat Zahwa Batam. The phenomenon underlying this research is a significant decline of 23.3% in transactions at Toko Obat Zahwa over three years (2022–2024). A quantitative approach with survey method was employed, involving 100 respondents selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using a Likert-scale questionnaire and analyzed through multiple linear regression using IBM SPSS 26. The results indicate that drug availability has a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions (t = 5.390; sig. = .000), service quality has a positive and significant effect (t = 4.700; sig. = .000), while location does not significantly influence purchasing decisions (t = –0.556; sig. = .579). Simultaneously, all three variables significantly affect purchasing decisions (F = 38.203; sig. = .000) and explain 53.0% of the variance (Adjusted R² = .530). The dominant influence of drug availability confirms the need-driven nature of pharmaceutical retail purchases, while the non-significant effect of location reflects habitual buying behavior among loyal consumers. These findings provide practical implications for independent drug store management in competitive markets.

This study aims to examine the gastronomy of the traditional culinary dish Ayam Napinadar as part of Batak cultural identity, covering aspects of history, ingredients, processing techniques, cultural values, and preservation challenges. The background of this research is based on the importance of maintaining the sustainability of traditional cuisine amid modernization and changes in consumption patterns. The method used is a qualitative approach through in-depth interviews with three informants, namely an MSME (Micro, Small, and Medium Eterprises) practitioner, a traditional leader, and a consumer. The results show that Ayam Napinadar has a unique characteristic in the use of andaliman and blood (gota) as its distinctive flavor. Traditionally, the cooking process involves grilling over firewood to produce a characteristic smoky aroma, although it has now shifted to more practical methods without altering the original recipe. From a cultural perspective, Ayam Napinadar holds symbolic meaning as an expression of prayers, blessings, and joy in various Batak traditional ceremonies. However, there are challenges in its preservation, such as the declining participation of younger generations in traditional activities and the increasing influence of modern foods. In conclusion, Ayam Napinadar functions not only as food but also as a medium for preserving cultural values and ethnic identity. This study provides benefits as a basis for developing gastronomic tourism and strategies for preserving traditional cuisine through education, collaboration, and the use of modern promotional media.

This study aims to examine the effect of job stress and organizational support on employee performance at Bank Pembangunan Daerah Jambi, Sengeti Branch. This research uses a quantitative method with a survey approach. The population in this study consisted of all employees of Bank Pembangunan Daerah Jambi Sengeti Branch totaling 33 employees. Data were collected through questionnaires using a Likert scale. Data analysis was conducted using multiple linear regression analysis preceded by instrument testing (validity and reliability) and classical assumption tests including normality, multicollinearity, and heteroscedasticity tests. The results show that job stress has a positive and significant effect on employee performance with a significance value of 0.009 (< 0.05). Organizational support also has a positive and significant effect on employee performance with a significance value of 0.003 (< 0.05). Simultaneously, job stress and organizational support significantly influence employee performance with a significance value of 0.024 (< 0.05). The coefficient of determination (R²) value of 0.821 indicates that 82.1% of the variation in employee performance can be explained by job stress and organizational support variables, while the remaining 17.9% is influenced by other variables outside this study.

This study aims to analyze promiscuous sexual behavior among adolescents as a manifestation of problematic behavior through a literature review approach. The method used was a literature review with a descriptive-analytical design, analyzing 20 national scientific articles published between 2007 and 2024. The analysis process was conducted systematically through the stages of identifying relevant sources, classifying themes, extracting important data, and synthesizing findings to build a comprehensive conceptual framework. The study results were then grouped into four main aspects: internal factors, external factors, impacts, and prevention strategies. The study results indicate that promiscuous sexual behavior among adolescents is influenced by internal factors such as knowledge, attitudes, and moral reasoning, as well as external factors such as family environment, peers, social media, and lack of parental supervision. The resulting impacts are multidimensional, encompassing health (sexually transmitted infections and unplanned pregnancies), psychological (anxiety, guilt), and social (stigma and educational disruption). Effective prevention efforts involve comprehensive sex education, active family involvement, and collaboration between schools and the community.

This study aims to analyze the role of teachers in instilling the character of responsibility in students through Civic Education (PKn) learning in Madrasah Ibtidaiyah. The research employed a qualitative approach with a library research method by reviewing various relevant sources such as academic journals, books, and articles. The results indicate that Civic Education plays a strategic role in shaping students’ responsibility character, which is reflected in behaviors such as completing tasks, fulfilling obligations, and actively participating in learning activities. The teacher's role is a key factor in this process, functioning as a role model, facilitator, and guide. In addition, learning strategies such as habituation, contextual approaches, group work, and active learning methods are proven to be effective in fostering responsibility values. However, several challenges were identified, including time constraints, low student awareness, and external environmental influences. Therefore, continuous efforts from teachers, schools, and parents are necessary to create a supportive environment for optimal character development.

This research explores hedonistic lifestyle patterns as a social reality that grows within peer interactions, both in adolescence and adulthood. The investigation applies a qualitative descriptive literature review by examining national scholarly publications issued from 2016 to 2026. The findings indicate that hedonistic tendencies should not be interpreted merely as individual choices to seek enjoyment. Instead, they emerge from social processes shaped by interaction, peer influence, and shared norms that develop within a group. In this context, peer circles function as influential socialization agents, encouraging conformity so individuals can be accepted and avoid social exclusion. The study also identifies differences in underlying motivations across life stages. Among adolescents, hedonistic behavior is closely linked to identity exploration and self-definition. For adults, however, it is more associated with maintaining self-image, signaling social standing, and displaying markers of achievement. Overall, environmental dynamics, the expansion of consumer-oriented culture, and intensive exposure to social media play significant roles in strengthening this phenomenon in Indonesia.

This study analyzes the news text on the online mass media detik.com titled "Jule's Infidelity Issue, Na Daehoon: I am strong for the sake of the children" using Sara Mills' Critical Discourse Analysis model. This research aims to reveal how the discourse of infidelity is constructed in media texts thru subject and object positioning, how character representation is displayed, how the reader's position is directed, the use of narrative structure, and the social context and gender ideology underlying the construction of this discourse. The research method used is a qualitative descriptive method with the data source being a news text published on detik.com. Data collection techniques were carried out thru document study by carefully reading and recording linguistic units relevant to the research focus, while data analysis techniques used Sara Mills' Critical Discourse Analysis model. The research findings indicate that Na Daehoon is positioned as the dominant subject, possesses voice legitimacy, and is positively represented as a strong and responsible male figure. Conversely, Jule is positioned as the object of news coverage, receiving no opportunity for clarification and being implicitly represented as the problematic party. Additionally, the narrative structure and language choices used in the news text also guide readers to build sympathy toward the male subject. The findings indicate that the analyzed news coverage is not neutral, but rather tends to reproduce patriarchal gender ideologies that could potentially influence society's perception of women in cases of infidelity.

. The Agropolitan Program based on corn commodities in Gorontalo Province aims to enhance agricultural productivity, improve farmers’ welfare, and strengthen the competitiveness of corn. This study examines the progress of program implementation and its impact on production, quality, export volume, and competitiveness. A quantitative approach was employed, utilizing SWOT analysis and the Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) method. Data were obtained from the Central Bureau of Statistics, relevant institutions, as well as limited observations and interviews.The results indicate that the Agropolitan Program has contributed positively to the expansion of harvested areas and increased corn production, particularly during the 2020–2024 period. This increase is not only evident in terms of quantity but has also begun to show improvements in the quality of yields, although these improvements are not yet evenly distributed across regions. However, export performance remains fluctuating, with unstable RCA values, indicating that the competitiveness of corn in the international market still faces various challenges.This condition is influenced by limitations in logistics infrastructure, weak farmer institutions, dependence on middlemen, and the suboptimal integration of the value chain from upstream to downstream. In addition, access to technology, financing, and market information remains a significant constraint that needs to be addressed. It is concluded that the success of the program requires strengthening institutional capacity, improving distribution efficiency, and implementing sustainable and integrated export policies to support the stability and long-term competitiveness of corn.