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This research aims to find out about the protection of human rights and international human rights regarding the practice of Surrogate Mother and to find evidence that there are no legal provisions that can protect the human rights of all parties involved in this practice. This type of research is normative legal research. Through a legislative approach that applies in Indonesia. The results of this research show that the practice of renting a womb violates human rights. The practice of surrogacy or womb renting cannot be implemented in Indonesia because it is considered to violate the human rights of mothers who rent out their wombs to have offspring from a valid marriage in accordance with article 28 paragraph (1) of the 1945 Constitution. Apart from that, when an agreement is made, the agreement is not recognized or considered invalid because a woman's womb is not an object of an agreement. Apart from that, the unclear status of the children born can cause defects if inbreeding occurs. These legal findings show that there are no clear legal provisions that can protect the human rights of all parties involved, including children born as a result of this practice. The legality of renting a womb in international human rights helps married couples to have children. As a form of absolute right as a human right which is also regulated in international instruments including the UDHR and CEDAW.   This research aims to find out about the protection of human rights and international human rights regarding the practice of Surrogate Mother and to find evidence that there are no legal provisions that can protect the human rights of all parties involved in this practice. This type of research is normative legal research. Through a legislative approach that applies in Indonesia. The results of this research show that the practice of renting a womb violates human rights. The practice of surrogacy or womb renting cannot be implemented in Indonesia because it is considered to violate the human rights of mothers who rent out their wombs to have offspring from a valid marriage in accordance with article 28 paragraph (1) of the 1945 Constitution. Apart from that, when an agreement is made, the agreement is not recognized or considered invalid because a woman's womb is not an object of an agreement. Apart from that, the unclear status of the children born can cause defects if inbreeding occurs. These legal findings show that there are no clear legal provisions that can protect the human rights of all parties involved, including children born as a result of this practice. The legality of renting a womb in international human rights helps married couples to have children. As a form of absolute right as a human right which is also regulated in international instruments including the UDHR and CEDAW.

The aim of the study was to find out Student’s Perception about the Elsa speaking application was in teaching students how to pronounce words in English and providing phonetic transcriptions. It is qualitative research that collects results through the observations of researchers and questionnaires given to students. By providing the Elsa Speaking application with phonetic transcriptions that make it easy to learn English pronunciation and phonetics, with an exciting quiz view to make learning pronounces and phonetics fun, the Elsa Speaking application helps to learn transsyllabic phonics as well as practice the way it is spoken.

The frozen food business continues to experience an increase in transaction value from 2020 to 2022. However, it is different from the Omahnong, which has decreased from 2020 to 2022. In solving the problem, new business innovation is needed. The research aims to find out the business model canvas that will be applied after doing ten types of innovation, the ten types of innovation strategy that has been carried out and the new ten types of innovation strategy. This research uses qualitative research methods with a descriptive approach. The results of the study found nine elements of Omahnong's business model canvas after doing ten types of innovation. In addition, it was found that the ten types of innovation strategies that have been carried out by Omahnong are cost leadership, flexible manufacturing, superior product and community and belonging and the results of the new and appropriate ten types of innovation strategies for Omahnong are cost leadership, predictive analysis, superior product, loyalty program, and process automation. This research can be used as a reference for entrepreneurs in innovating business strategies and can help Omahnong in developing its business.

This study aims to determine the Effect of Recruitment, Employee Motivation on Employee Performance at PT Alfamart Cileungsi. The research method used is a quantitative research method with primary data obtained from questionnaire data measured using a Likert scale. The population of this research is employees of PT Alfamart, especially in the recruitment, learning and development section. The sampling technique used in this study was to use a saturated sample with a total of 45 respondents. The data analysis technique used was multiple linear regression which was processed with the help of the IBM SPSS 26 for Windows program. The results of this study prove that the influence of recruitment has an effect on employee performance, employee motivation has an effect on employee performance at PT Alfamart Cileungsi.

We are encouraged to wash our hands for 20 seconds, if there is no soap and running water, we can replace it with a hand sanitizer with a minimum alcohol content of 60%. By washing our hands, we can prevent viral infections in ourselves, those around us and even communities such as families and workplaces. Manual hand washing facilities or equipment that are used together can be a medium for spreading viruses so they must be minimized, one of which is by using an Automatic Sink. Because of this, automatic sink products were built to make it easier for users to wash their hands while reducing contact with water taps and soap or bar soap containers. This automatic sink was designed using the Nigel Cross method so that it can realize an automatic handwashing device with the addition of an automatic soap feature that can help the hand washing process without touching the water faucet and soap. The advantage of this method is that it covers all aspects of the design process starting from clarifying the problem to the details of the design. The new product attributes that are arranged by designers are adjusted to the needs of the community, starting from materials to product functions. Based on testing several tasks and answers from the questionnaire answered by respondents, namely as many as 30 respondents to this sink product, it can be said that the attributes used are valid data. The results of the validity test were then carried out by a reliability test with the aim of testing the level of consistency of data measurement. The results of this reliability test produce a Crounchbach's Alpha value of 0.709, which means it is reliable because it is > 0.6.

This community partnership program focuses on using digital technology with utilize digital technology and information to help develop MSMEs in food sector. The partner in this activity is MSME Nugget which currently still has limitations in terms of production, management, and marketing. The purpose of the activity partnership to the community is to provide solutions to challenges that owned by MSME nuggets by carrying out activities that are able to empower employees of MSMEs. The method used is to conduct observations and interviews with the chairman and the entire business management team. The solution offered to overcome the problem of low production is by developing production support equipment consisting of meat grinders, machines steamers, and nuggets fryers and also delivering how to use those equipment training. The solution to the problem of untidy MSME management is by delivering entrepreneurship training. Meanwhile, solutions for marketing what is still limited is providing training on the use of social media and marketplaces and using strong branding on products. It is hoped that the implementation of this solution will have a positive impact on MSMEs. Impact related to production problems is increasing production to 6 times, related to management is the availability of a neat management and related marketing is increasing the reach of marketing to become wider.

Catechists not only have the task of teaching and preparing people to understand and appreciate the teachings of the Catholic religion, but also play a role as the main mover in building a climate that welcomes and promotes active participation of people in the life of the Church. This article aims to explain the important role of catechists as animators in building the local Church. This research is a qualitative descriptive type with data collection techniques in the form of literature study. The research results show that the role of catechists as local Church animators is carried out by educating people about Catholic teachings and Church beliefs, building foundations of faith, helping people face challenges, promoting unity in the local Church, and increasing participation in Church life.

This article discusses empowering the Pasir Emas Village Community in the fields of health and digital literacy. The aim of this activity is to provide valuable learning experiences to students through direct involvement in society to discover, formulate, study and recognize the potential of society and find solutions to problems rationally by fostering motivation to utilize their own potential and the second aim is to provide opportunities for students. to develop thinking based on science. This KKN activity will start with debriefing, carrying out activities, preparing reports and evaluating. KKN starts on July 10 2023 to August 18 2023 in Pasir Emas Village, Kuantan Singingi Regency, Singingi District. We, the Unri Kukerta team, focus more on community empowerment. Our work programs are Disaster Mitigation Socialization, Waste Recycling and Making Ecobrics, Making Waste Decomposition Plags, Educating Gender Equality for Teenagers, Making Water Filter Tools, Strengthening Pre-School Age Children's Literacy Using Used Used Materials, Qris Socialization, Making Alternatives or adding other variations of dodol products, MSMEs sharing with local entrepreneurs regarding integrated marketing communication and public speaking in community business development such as in tofu and tempeh factories and helping organize correspondence filing in Pasir Emas Village. In general, the activities or work programs that we carry out can run well and smoothly.

This study is intended to determine the effect of applying forensic accounting and investigative auditing in detecting fraud in the procurement of goods or services at BPKP Representatives of South Sumatra Province, either partially or simultaneously. Forensic accounting and investigative auditing are solutions for detecting cases of fraud in Indonesia, one of which is fraud in the procurement of goods or services. This study was a quantitative research category and data were analyzed using the Multiple Linear Regression analysis technique using the help of the IBM SPSS version 23 application. The population in the study were all auditors working at the BPKP Representative for South Sumatra Province while the sample was 46 auditors and this study used a purposive sampling type. The results of this study indicate that partially and simultaneously forensic accounting and investigative auditing have a significant positive effect on detecting fraud in the procurement of goods or services at BPKP Representatives of South Sumatra Province. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that the better the application of forensic accounting and investigative auditing at the BPKP Representative of South Sumatra Province, it will have a positive effect on increasing the success of detecting fraud by the auditor.

In the economic field, cooperatives are a form of cooperation in the economic sector. People believe in this collaboration because their lives share some of the same needs. One of the Islamic Boarding School Owned Enterprises (BUMP) at the Izzatuna Putra Palembang Islamic Boarding School is a pesantren cooperative that works to support the economy and improve the economy. This study aims to: (1) Describe the extent to which Islamic boarding school cooperatives have contributed to the economic expansion of Islamic boarding schools., (2) What is the role of cooperatives in improving the economy of the Islamic boarding school Izzatuna Putra Palembang in the study of Islamic economics. This is a type of field research using primary and secondary data sources. The data obtained will be presented with narrative text. This study uses qualitative data analysis methods/techniques using inductive thinking methods. The results of this study indicate that: (1) The role of cooperatives in improving the Islamic boarding school's economy is marked by the development of cooperatives that run a trading business every day where a portion of the profits will be deposited to the Islamic boarding school, both material and non-material, and the Islamic boarding school cooperative is also very helpful. in increasing the income of members of the cooperative and the Islamic boarding school community. (2) Then the role of the Izzatuna Putra Palembang Islamic Boarding School Cooperative in improving the economy of the Izzatuna Putra Palembang Islamic Boarding School in an Islamic perspective is carried out in several ways, namely: sharia economic values ​​in helping the community's economy, and avoiding incompatibility of sharia economic principles.

The targets and outputs produced in accordance with the activity plan are as follows: 1) The creation of lecturers of the Vocational Education Study Program (D4) Electronic Engineering FT UNM can increase knowledge of developing curriculum in the Vocational Education Study Program (D4) Electronic Engineering FT UNM; 2) The completion of curriculum documents in the Vocational Education Study Program (D4) Electronic Engineering FT UNM. The method used in this community service activity is to use lectures, questions and answers, exercises and through simulations. The lecture method is used to provide theoretical information about curriculum improvement. This training can help change the mindset of lecturers majoring in electronic engineering education, by increasing their knowledge about curriculum development so that they can formulate course study materials that are in accordance with the ELOs of the applied electronic engineering undergraduate study program. In addition, this is also expected to provide solutions for study programs that have difficulty meeting product needs in the form of RPS. The training provided at this time may not be optimal in empowering lecturers in curriculum development, so more follow-up activities are needed that are organized and carried out by the head of the study program.    

During teaching observations at the school, the author encountered cases of physical and verbal harassment as well as sexual violence. The problem started with sexual jokes or shouts made by students at SDN Pantai Hurip 02. While teaching at the school, the author observed the behavior of the victim who felt uncomfortable if he received verbal sexual harassment. Verbal sexual harassment involves sentences or words directed at the victim to humiliate and intimidate them. The authors provide insights for children to help them understand themselves, respect themselves, and differentiate between safe and unsafe touch as effectively as possible. This is done so that students can understand the material presented. This socialization program was carried out at SDN Pantai Hurip 02 and involved 36 students. Efforts to increase students' self-awareness at SDN Pantai Hurip 02 have had a significant positive impact on students. There has been an increase in their knowledge and awareness regarding the prevention of sexual harassment and violence, as well as an increase in their self-awareness. This can be seen from the results of the pre-test and post-test which show an increase in the percentage of students who have high self-awareness by 77%, in the medium category by 13%, and in the high category by 10%. A very significant difference occurred after providing an understanding of preventing sexual harassment and violence. In the low category it decreases to 20%, in the medium category it decreases to 10%, and in the high category it increases to 70%.

The Role of SWI (Susceptibility Weighted Imaging) Sequence in Clinical Parkinson’s MRI Brain Imaging. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a technique for imaging body crossings based on the principle of magnetic resonance of hydrogen atoms. Brain MRI examination aims to see anatomy and abnormalities within the brain to establish clinical diagnosis, pathological abnormalities, tumors, and surrounding abnormalities. Imaging examinations are also conducted to find other causes of Parkinsonism. Head MRI is one of the non-invasive examinations performed to help confirm the diagnosis of Parkinson's disease. This study aims to determine the procedure for Brain MRI examination with Parkinson's clinical and to determine the sequence information SWI (Susceptibility Weighted Imaging) can establish clinical diagnosis of Parkinson's. This study is qualitative descriptive with a case study approach. The subject consists of three patients with clinical Parkinson's. All subjects performed MRI brain 3 tesla examinations to determine the procedure and sequence information used. The research results were obtained according to the theory using an additional 2 mm sequence, while in the field using 0.9 mm sequence the examination was conducted using the head coil of the patient's position, namely supine, head first. Sequences used in field inspections are AAHead Scout, t1 fl2d transversal, t2 tse (time spin echo) dark fluid transversal, t2 tse (time spin echo)  transversal, ep2d diff (diffusion) 4scan trace, asl 3d transversal, tof cs carotids, flow pc3d MRV (magnetic resonance venography), tof brain MRA (magnetic resonance angiography), t2 swi (susceptibility weighted imaging) 3d transversal 0.9 mm. The thin axial sequence of 0.9 mm is more likely to see Parkinson's anatomical abnormalities, higher SNR and better spatial resolution than using a 2 mm slice thickness.

Knowledge and understanding of prayer and thaharah which includes Wudhu, Tayammum and obligatory bathing are important aspects in religious learning material in junior high schools (SMP). This discussion is about the importance of learning prayer and thaharah which includes ablution, tayammum and obligatory bathing as part of the implementation of religious education courses. Learning prayer and thaharah which includes obligatory ablution, tayammum and bathing at school not only ensures students' correct and consistent understanding of Islamic worship practices, but can also help in forming students' character and moral values. This also highlights the positive impact of this learning integration, such as increasing religious awareness, strengthening students' religious identity. Therefore, learning prayer and thaharah which includes ablution, tayammum and obligatory bathing for students has significant suitability in supporting the spiritual and moral development of students.

Even though they now have very little management, MSME players in Bulakbentang Village, Kenjeran District, Surabaya, have a strong zeal for conducting their business. Among the issues at hand are low sales figures and a relatively narrow marketing reach. Due to the traditional methods of product promotion and the relatively plain nature of the product packaging, there is no compelling attraction for consumers. Business actors are still unaware of how crucial product packaging is to a marketing plan. As such, it is crucial to commit oneself to this community. MSME business actors in Bulakbentang Subdistrict have the option to select a service technique that involves counseling and packaging practices in order to address their existing issues. 36 MSME actors trained at the Bulakbentang Village Meeting Hall on September 30, 2023. After completing this program, each participant will have a better grasp of packaging, including the various materials that are used, how to choose the best packaging, and how to package their items in an eye-catching manner. As part of this service, you will receive instruction on digital product marketing and help with packaging.  

According to the Law of the Republic of Indonesia number 13 of 1998 concerning elderly welfare, an elderly person is someone who has reached the age of 60 years and above.  Indonesia alone ranks fourth in the world with 24 million elderly people who have not received much attention. The decline in various body functions in old age can cause elderly people to have difficulty eating due to various causes. For example, the appetite of the elderly tends to decrease because their sense of taste and smell is no longer as sharp as it used to be to inhale aromas and taste food. The elderly are also more prone to decreased saliva production, loose teeth, weakened intestinal and gastric functions, and decreased stomach acid production which makes it difficult for the body to absorb food. Weakness or paralysis of the face, also known as facial frown, will cause impairment in the ability of facial muscles. Miror Therapy exercises can help improve facial muscle strength in patients with stroke. Regular exercise for 2 times a week can help increase the muscle strength of stroke patients.

Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSME) development strategies, namely through training and mentoring will help MSMEs manage their business more effectively, increasing market access through e-commerce platforms,effective marketing strategies, and collaboration with distributors and retailers will help MSMEs to expand market share and increase sales, as well as collaboration between MSMEs and empowerment of local business networks. Increasing market access through e-commerce platforms,effective marketing strategies, and collaboration with distributors are important strategies for MSMEs in expanding product reach and increasing sales, such as online marketplaces, so that MSMEs can reach consumers in various locations without being limited by geographic boundaries, use of media social, creative product promotion, and selecting the right market segment and collaborating with distributors and retailers.

Active learning is optimizing the use of all the potential possessed by students, so that all students can achieve satisfactory learning outcomes according to their personal characteristics. In this mini-research task, the author discusses active learning strategies using the card short method. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of active learning strategies using the card short method on student learning outcomes. The method used in this study is the method of direct observation or survey in Class XI IPA 3 SMAN 2 Percut Sei Tuan. Data collection techniques used pretest and posttest and the results showed that there were differences in the effect of active learning strategies using the cardhort method with the blood circulatory system material. The card sort learning method with the technique of the games is expected to help students understand the lesson and understand the classification of the circulatory system material. Based on the results of research conducted at SMA Negeri 2 Percut Sei Tuan, there are differences in the influence of active learning strategies using the cardshort method with blood circulatory system material.

The objectives in this study were: 1) to improve learning activities in Natural Sciences in class VIII B students of SMP Warga Surakarta, 2) to improve learning outcomes, especially learning outcomes in Natural Sciences through contextual learning methods modeling techniques about the Human Excretory System in class VIII B students of SMP Warga Surakarta. The method used is action research method. The research was conducted on class VIII B students of SMP Warga Surakarta in the 2022/2023 academic year, as many as 27 students consisting of 13 boys and 14 girls. The data collection techniques were carried out by observing student and teacher activities, tests, partner teacher responses, and monitoring classroom observations. From the assessment test of Natural Science learning outcomes for each cycle of class action always increases, namely; the percentage of pre-cycle KKM achievement is 29.62%, cycle I is 44.44% and in cycle II it becomes 100%. Based on student responses in the implementation of learning using modeling techniques, it becomes more fun, easier to understand, makes students want to be more active and creative, students can find or interpret more freely, and is not confusing. So that by using the modeling method in learning Natural Sciences can help students in increasing activity and learning outcomes in Natural Sciences.

Data mining is a technology that plays an important role in supporting data-driven decision making, especially in complex and dynamic higher education environments. In the context of education management, the ability to predict student graduation is an essential aspect because it can help institutions plan strategic steps, intervene earlier, and optimize academic resources. This study aims to apply the C4.5 decision tree algorithm to build a student graduation prediction model based on academic data. The research dataset includes key variables such as Grade Point Average (GPA), total Semester Credit Units (SKS) taken, and student attendance rates during lectures. The analysis was conducted using the C4.5 algorithm, which is known for its high level of interpretability, making the model results easy to understand by policy makers. The test results showed an accuracy of 84.6%, indicating that this method has the potential to support data-based academic management systems. These findings are expected to serve as a basis for educational institutions to improve the effectiveness of monitoring and evaluating the student learning process.