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In the digital era, Christians face significant challenges in maintaining an authentic spirituality amidst a continuous stream of information and the influence of popular culture that often contradicts biblical values. The command in Romans 12:2 to "not conform to the pattern of this world, but be transformed by the renewing of your mind" remains highly relevant, yet its practical application in contemporary Christian life is frequently overlooked. This study aims to explore the theological depth of Romans 12:2, identify the dominant patterns of worldly thought in the digital age, and develop a contextual and applicable framework for transformative Christian spirituality. Utilizing a qualitative method with a library research approach, data were gathered from theological works, biblical commentaries, and scholarly literature on spirituality, culture, and digital engagement. The study reveals that the renewal of the mind refers not only to a personal inner change but to a reorientation of worldview through the power of the Holy Spirit. This transformation involves resisting cultural tendencies such as self-image obsession on social media, intellectual complacency caused by technological convenience, and the rise of individualistic spirituality detached from community life. To address these challenges, the study proposes several implementation strategies: fostering deeper biblical literacy contextualized to current issues, cultivating critical thinking as a form of spiritual discipline, and nurturing accountability within faith communities. These elements form a holistic framework of contemporary Christian spirituality that is Christ-centered, critically aware, and outward-focused in mission. The implications of this framework suggest that Christian spirituality in the digital era must engage both heart and mind, remain rooted in Scripture, and be lived out in communal and missional contexts.

Improving the quality of children's health is one of the main priorities in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly in addressing stunting prevention in Indonesia. Stunting remains a serious challenge in public health development, especially among young children who suffer from chronic malnutrition. To tackle this issue, effective nutritional education is essential, especially for young mothers who play a central role in caregiving and determining their children's dietary intake. In line with the shift in information consumption patterns from conventional media to digital platforms, social media is becoming increasingly significant as a channel for health communication and education. One emerging phenomenon in this context is the rise of public figures from the medical profession actively sharing health-related content online, commonly referred to as “doctor influencers.” This study aims to analyze the digital communication strategies employed by doctor influencers, using the Instagram account @mizaafrizal, owned by Dr. Miza Afrizal, as a case study, focusing on how he educates young mothers about child nutrition. This research adopts a descriptive qualitative approach, utilizing data collection techniques such as content observation, in-depth interviews, and literature review on digital communication and health promotion. The findings indicate that Dr. Miza employs a persuasive and interactive communication strategy through the use of humanistic language, visually engaging content, and scientifically supported information in each post. He also leverages Instagram features like reels, stories, and the comment section to establish two-way communication with his followers. Dr. Miza’s credibility as a pediatrician enhances the reception of his messages. His approachable, clear, and educational style of delivery successfully captures the attention of young mothers and increases their understanding of the importance of nutrition in early childhood development. These findings highlight the influential role of doctor influencers as change agents in raising public awareness about child nutrition. Moreover, they contribute positively to digital-based health promotion efforts in Indonesia, showing the potential of social media as a powerful platform to support national health initiatives.  

Night shift workers in the modern retail sector, especially minimarkets such as Alfamart Makassar City, often face the risk of health problems due to changes in circadian rhythms, irregular diets, and lack of nutrition education. Work patterns that require them to be active at night have an impact on metabolic imbalances, sleep quality disorders, and unhealthy eating habits. Most workers tend to eat fast food that is high in calories, fat, and sugar, but low in fiber and micronutrients. This condition can increase the risk of fatigue, decreased immunity, and impaired concentration at work. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of nutritional nursing interventions in improving the diet and physical condition of night shift workers. The research approach used was descriptive with a case study method on 32 Alfamart workers who worked night shifts. The research was carried out for three days, namely on May 24-26, 2025. The interventions provided include nutrition education through brief counseling, monitoring of food and fluid intake, and assistance in developing a meal schedule that is in accordance with night work patterns. The results of the study showed a significant improvement in nutritional behavior. After the intervention, 84% of participants started implementing a healthy diet with a frequency of twice per shift, 93% increased their water consumption as recommended, and 72% felt refreshed and did not get tired easily while working. In addition, as many as 78% of participants showed high compliance with the nutritional recommendations given. These findings prove that nutritional nursing interventions have an important role in the promotion of occupational health. Proper nutrition education not only increases workers' awareness of the importance of a healthy diet, but also has an impact on increasing the productivity and welfare of night shift workers. Therefore, nutrition promotion programs should be part of the management policies of retail companies to maintain employee health.

The author constructs the story world through elements such as plot, character, and setting. These elements are interconnected and form a cohesive whole within the narrative. This study aims to examine and analyze the story elements in the novel Angin Bersyair by Andrei Aksana. The theoretical framework used in this research is Robert Stanton's structuralism theory. This research employs a descriptive qualitative approach. Data collection was carried out through literature study, using techniques such as reading the novel, highlighting and identifying data, classifying, selecting, compiling the data corpus, and organizing the data. The results of the analysis show that the novel Angin Bersyair by Andrei Aksana is constructed using a mixed plot structure, the setting is categorized into place, time, and atmosphere. The characterization includes both main and supporting characters. The mixed plot in the novel combines both progressive and regressive plot patterns, allowing the author to weave past and present events fluidly to enrich the narrative tension and emotional depth. The temporal shifts also reflect the psychological complexity of the main characters, especially in relation to themes of love, identity, and longing. The setting of place varies from urban environments that reflect modern social dynamics to more introspective or symbolic places that reveal the characters’ inner worlds. The time setting spans multiple periods, indicating a narrative that draws heavily on memory and personal transformation. The atmosphere often shifts between melancholic, romantic, and contemplative tones, aligning with the protagonist’s emotional journey. Character analysis reveals a strong central figure whose emotional struggles and internal conflicts are supported and contrasted by secondary characters, enriching the story’s multidimensionality. The protagonist is depicted with psychological depth, while the supporting characters serve as foils or catalysts for change. Overall, this research highlights how Angin Bersyair employs literary elements to construct a rich and emotionally engaging narrative grounded in structuralist principles.

The Javanese wayang kulit purwa (classical shadow puppetry) is a complex performance art form in which karawitan (gamelan music) plays a primary and crucial role, serving as accompaniment, building atmosphere, and accentuating the puppet's movements. A vital musical element within the pakeliran (puppetry performance) repertoire is the gending budhalan, a musical piece used to accompany the scene of a military departure. Ki Purbo Asmoro, one of the most influential dalang (puppeteers) of the contemporary pakeliran garap (interpretive performance style) era, is renowned for his intelligent and innovative performance concepts and musical interpretations. This study aims to analyze Gending Cundaka, a piece frequently used for this departure scene, within the context of Ki Purbo Asmoro's performances. Employing an ethnomusicological and performance studies approach, this qualitative research examines three main aspects: (1) the musical structure and aesthetics of Gending Cundaka; (2) its dramaturgical function as a gending budhalan; and (3) the uniqueness of Ki Purbo Asmoro's interpretation, or garap, that distinguishes his performances. Data were collected through participatory observation of Ki Purbo Asmoro's audio-visual performance recordings, transcription of musical arrangements, and a literature review. The findings indicate that in Ki Purbo Asmoro's interpretation, Gending Cundaka functions not merely as musical illustration but as a potent narrative instrument. Its assertive melodic structure, combined with dynamic kendhangan (drumming patterns) and dramatic tempo manipulations (seseg-kendho), effectively builds the performance's atmosphere, affirms the character of the troops, and provides psychological depth to the scene. The selection and treatment of this gending reflect Ki Purbo Asmoro's artistic intelligence in blending tradition with innovation to achieve gregel (an aesthetic thrill) and evoke a profound sense of rasa (deep feeling) in the audience.  

The design of Lecturer Housing for Campus 4 Gorontalo State University is a strategic necessity in line with the expansion of educational institutions and the increasing number of educators requiring adequate and proximate housing. The primary objective of this research is to produce a lecturer housing design that is not only adaptive and sustainable, but also harmonized with the Regional Spatial Plan (RTRW) of Bone Bolango Regency. The research methodology encompasses a comprehensive site analysis, examining aspects such as climate conditions, topography, vegetation patterns, infrastructure and utility networks, ambient noise levels, and site accessibility. Furthermore, a zoning and spatial relationship study was conducted to determine effective space allocation based on the principles of tropical architecture and green building practices. The findings of the study highlight that a north-south building orientation significantly reduces heat absorption, while the integration of cross-ventilation strategies enhances natural airflow and thermal comfort. Spatial zoning into public, semi-public, private, and service areas allows for organized layouts and promotes social interaction among residents. Sustainability is reinforced through the application of green architectural technologies, including the use of green concrete, lightweight steel frameworks, solar energy panels, as well as integrated waste-water management systems that separate black water and grey water. Landscaping elements, both softscape and hardscape, are utilized to enhance aesthetics while supporting ecological balance and rainwater absorption. This design proposal contributes to the broader discourse of sustainable tropical housing and may serve as a replicable model for future lecturer housing projects in similar regional contexts. It emphasizes the importance of environmentally responsive, cost-efficient, and socially supportive residential architecture.

Digitalization has been a key catalyst for change in the global business landscape, driving the transformation of companies' strategies, organizational structures, and operational models. For small and medium enterprises (SMEs), digital technology opens up great opportunities to expand market reach and compete in the international arena more effectively. Technologies such as e-commerce, social media, big data analytics, and cloud-based platforms enable SMEs to break through geographical boundaries, facilitate access to global customers, and accelerate product distribution and marketing processes. This paper explores the current academic literature that discusses the influence of digital technology on the internationalization of SMEs. A total of five relevant studies were analyzed to identify common patterns, challenges, and successful strategies in the use of digital technology. The results of the study show that the adoption of digitalization not only improves operational cost efficiency, but also encourages business model innovation, such as digital platform-based marketing, cross-border virtual collaboration, and the development of a more adaptive global business ecosystem. In addition, the ability to utilize digital technology gives SMEs a competitive advantage through access to real-time market information, personalization of offers, and more targeted branding strategies. However, the research also found obstacles, such as limited human resources, technological infrastructure, and digital literacy among SMEs. Therefore, synergy is needed between business actors, the government, and academia to support the acceleration of digital technology adoption through training, mentoring, and policies that support innovation. The paper also highlights future research opportunities, such as the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies, automation, and blockchain in supporting the global expansion of SMEs. These findings are expected to be a strategic reference in designing sustainable internationalization policies in the digital era.

This study aims to examine the influence of independent variables—Social Media, Pricing, and Promotion—on the dependent variable, Repurchase Decision, at Kedai Kopi Bersahaja. A quantitative research method was employed, utilizing multiple linear regression analysis with the assistance of SPSS 25 software. The population of the study consisted of 226 consumers, and a sample of 107 respondents was selected using incidental sampling techniques. Data were collected through questionnaires distributed to visitors who had made at least one purchase at the coffee shop. The results of the analysis indicate that each independent variable—Social Media, Pricing, and Promotion—has a positive and statistically significant partial influence on the Repurchase Decision. Additionally, the variables collectively demonstrate a strong simultaneous influence, suggesting that an integrated marketing approach is crucial for fostering customer retention and encouraging repeat purchases. Among the three, Social Media showed the most dominant influence, emphasizing the growing role of digital presence and online engagement in shaping consumer preferences and purchasing patterns. Based on these findings, it is recommended that Kedai Kopi Bersahaja maximize the use of social media platforms such as Instagram, TikTok, and Facebook by creating engaging, relevant, and interactive content that resonates with the target audience. Content strategies may include customer testimonials, behind-the-scenes videos, product highlights, and limited-time offers. Pricing should be evaluated periodically to remain affordable yet profitable, considering both market competition and perceived customer value. Meanwhile, promotion efforts can be diversified through the use of loyalty programs, bundle offers, student discounts, and digital coupons. The synergy between these three marketing factors—if consistently and strategically applied—is expected to enhance customer loyalty, strengthen brand image, and significantly increase the likelihood of repurchase decisions. These efforts are essential for building sustainable business growth in the competitive food and beverage industry.

The food security program involving chili cultivation in Pentur Village is hindered by inefficiencies in water use and suboptimal plant growth, primarily due to traditional irrigation methods that fail to consistently maintain ideal soil moisture and temperature. This issue is exacerbated by unpredictable environmental shifts, such as fluctuating weather patterns, and a lack of precise irrigation control stemming from technological limitations. To address this, a system for monitoring and regulating chili plant irrigation using IoT technology was developed. This system employs humidity and temperature sensors connected to an IoT platform like Blynk, enabling real-time observation of plant and environmental conditions. Data on soil moisture, air temperature, and humidity are stored in a database, and irrigation is automated based on soil moisture levels. The goal is to enhance water efficiency, minimize risks associated with over or under-watering due to environmental variations, and improve both yield and quality of the chili crop. This IoT-based system aims to simplify chili plant management for Pentur Village farmers and significantly boost agricultural output.

The development of digital technology has significantly changed students’ lives, especially in learning and entertainment activities. However, the high intensity of using electronic devices such as smartphones, tablets, and computers has increased the amount of time spent in front of screens (screen time). Excessive screen time has adverse effects on eye health (e.g., dry and tired eyes), disrupts sleep patterns due to blue light exposure, and reduces students' concentration in learning. This community service program aimed to raise students' awareness and knowledge regarding the negative impact of prolonged screen time and provide education on mitigation strategies, such as the 20-20-20 rule, screen time limitations, and healthy sleep routines. The program was conducted through educational outreach and interactive discussions involving 88 students from grades X and XI at SMA Negeri 1 Tomohon in May 2025. Evaluation was carried out using pre-tests and post-tests along with feedback questionnaires. The results showed a significant improvement in students’ understanding of screen time risks and how to manage it. Participants also demonstrated high enthusiasm, as reflected in active involvement during Q&A sessions and their adoption of the tips provided. This program is expected to be the first step in fostering healthy digital habits among students.

The research departs from educational problems in Islamic boarding schools with distinctive educational characteristics and the diversity of cultural backgrounds of students. So researchers are interested in conducting a more in-depth analysis of a harmonious environment despite having students with diverse cultural backgrounds. The purpose of the study is to identify; 1) the characteristics of multicultural Islamic education planning, 2) the characteristics of organizing multicultural Islamic education, 3) Identification of the characteristics of implementing multicultural Islamic education, 4) Identification of the characteristics of supervision of multicultural Islamic education, 5) Analysis of the impact of the characteristics of multicultural Islamic education management in producing moderate students. The research framework departs from theory of multicultural education management in Islamic boarding schools which includes; planning, organizing, implementing, and supervising educational programs in Islamic boarding schools. Managing the elements of education in Islamic boarding schools in; objectives, values, curriculum, teaching methods and facilities and funds, carried out by the Kiyai Ustadz Santri Manager will have an impact on the attitude of religious moderation in students with indications of national commitment, tolerance, anti-violence, accommodating to local culture. This study used a qualitative approach, using ethnography. Data collection techniques are carried out through interviews, observations, and documentation analysis. Data analysis technique uses the Miles and Huberman analysis technique. The validity test is carried out with data validity by conducting tests; on credibility, transferability, dependability, and confirmability. Results of the study found that the characteristics of multicultural education management in Islamic boarding schools: First, Planning in the form of a curriculum containing multicultural values, involving various elements of the Islamic boarding school through deliberation and open meetings of curriculum preparation studies, integrating the madrasah curriculum with Islamic boarding school. Second, organizing; there is empowerment in fostering Islamic boarding schools, Conventional traditional systems, and Guidance patterns depending on the figure of kiai, the existence of organizational work procedures. Third, Implementation of education is carried out; structured through learning classification, planned, organized, and evaluated with the basic pattern of Islamic boarding school education, internalized in attitudes, methods, and exemplary behavior of the kiai. Fourth, Supervision of learning through assessment of learning of multicultural values, Tests are contextual and comprehensive. Fifth, impact of the characteristics of multicultural Islamic education management in producing students who are able to act in the middle by prioritizing Islamic brotherhood and basyariyah, are tolerant for the sake of realizing Islam rahmatan lil aalamiin.

The increase in women's participation in the workforce has a significant impact on early childhood parenting patterns and the dynamics of household life. This research aims to analyze how career women apply parenting styles to young children and how this affects child development and the balance of home life. The study uses a mixed methods approach with an explanatory sequential design, starting with a quantitative approach followed by a qualitative approach. The goal is to gain a comprehensive understanding of the parenting styles of career women, early childhood development, and household life. The research population includes career women who have young children at the GMIT Horeb Perumnas Congregation in Kupang City. The research results show that although career women face time limitations, they tend to adopt a democratic parenting style supported by caregivers or partners. Child development can remain optimal if communication patterns and emotional involvement are maintained. However, challenges arise in terms of emotional closeness and quality time. Therefore, adaptive strategies and family support are needed to maintain a balance between career and maternal roles.

Using the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method, the purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of financial performance on the stock prices of food and beverage manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) from 2020 to 2024. The financial performance factors analyzed include Return on Assets (ROA), Current Ratio (CR), Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), and Return on Investment (ROI). Data were collected from fifteen nationally accredited scientific articles published during the period and were eligible for inclusion. The results show that Return on Assets (ROA) consistently has a positive effect on stock prices, making it the most important indicator to attract investors. Since investors prioritize profitability over short-term liquidity, Current Ratio (CR) is usually not very influential. Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) results vary depending on the debt condition of companies and their financial plans. However, Return on Investment (ROI), which has not been studied much, seems to have a significant impact on stock prices and is starting to attract the attention of investors in the food and beverage industry. This study helps by providing a comprehensive picture of the pattern of influence of financial ratios on stock prices and complements the shortcomings of current research, especially regarding the ROI variable which is still minimal in previous studies. It is hoped that these findings will help investors, company management, academics, and regulators make decisions and create investment strategies in the Indonesian capital market.

This study aims to uncover the power of speech acts in inspirational quotes by KHR. Ahmad Azaim Ibrahim. Using a qualitative approach, this study analyzes various quotes produced by this figure and explores their meaning and impact on society. Text analysis methods are used to understand the social, cultural, and psychological contexts behind each quote. The results show that the speech acts in these quotes function not only as motivation but also as tools for shaping positive thought patterns and behaviors. The implications of these findings demonstrate the important role of language in building public awareness and enthusiasm. This research is expected to contribute to the development of linguistics and social psychology studies, as well as encourage the use of inspirational language in everyday life.

Research Objectives: Mental and psychological health are key assets for athletes to achieve success. One psychological aspect is self-confidence and anxiety prior to a match. Currently, these aspects significantly influence an athlete's ability to understand the game pattern. Therefore, knowledge regarding anxiety and self-confidence in athletes before a match begins is necessary. Purpose : This study aims to determine the levels of anxiety and self-confidence among male futsal athletes before a match. Methods:  The methodology employed is quantitative descriptive, utilizing a questionnaire comprising 31 items administered to 12 male futsal athletes. Data were analyzed descriptively using percentages and categorized according to the categories corresponding to each score obtained. Results will be presented using tables and frequency diagrams. Results: The study found that 75% of athletes still had high anxiety levels and 75% had high self-confidence levels. The lowest anxiety score was 8.33%, and self-confidence scores were in the high and very high categories. Conclusion: It is recommended that athletes regularly engage in mental training to reduce anxiety levels and maintain and enhance self-confidence, thereby optimizing performance during matches. Additionally, further research is needed involving a larger and more diverse sample, including gender differences, to identify other influencing factors.

This research aimed to examine how financial literacy and the use of digital payment systems impact students' financial behavior in the Tasikmalaya area. Although digital wallets are widely used for transactions, many students do not realize that this ease of access can shape their financial habits. Often, e-wallets are seen purely as convenient tools, without acknowledging their influence on spending patterns and money management. A quantitative method was employed, with data gathered via questionnaires distributed to 140 student respondents. The findings show that financial literacy significantly affects financial behavior on its own, while e-wallet usage does not have a notable individual impact. Nevertheless, when both variables are analyzed simultaneously, they significantly influence financial behavior. These outcomes are consistent with the Theory of Planned Behavior, which explains that personal attitudes, control over behavior, and habits collectively contribute to financial decisions.Based on these results, the study suggests that improving financial literacy is crucial so that students can make more informed decisions and manage their finances wisely when using digital wallets.

Loneliness is a subjective emotional experience commonly observed during emerging adulthood (ages 18–25). In this phase, shifts in emotional and affiliative needs may increase vulnerability to loneliness, particularly in the absence of intimate relationships. One intrapersonal factor influencing loneliness is attachment style, emotional bonding patterns formed in early childhood that shape the quality of interpersonal relationships in adulthood. This study aims to examine the relationship between attachment style and loneliness among emerging adults who are not currently in romantic relationships. A quantitative correlational method was employed using purposive sampling, involving 208 unmarried participants aged 18–25 who were not in romantic relationships. The instruments used were the Indonesian version of the Attachment Style Questionnaire (ASQ) and the UCLA Loneliness Scale Version 3. Spearman correlation analysis revealed a significant negative relationship between secure attachment and loneliness (r = -0.748**, p < 0.01), and a significant positive relationship between fearful attachment and loneliness (r = 0.273**, p < 0.01). No significant associations were found for preoccupied or dismissing attachment styles. These findings highlight the important role of attachment style in shaping loneliness experiences among young adults who are not romantically involved.

Panji Kahirupan Dance is a Cirebonese mask dance created by H. Taufik Hidayat, the founder of Sanggar Ki Bagus Rangin. This dance portrays the journey of human life, from pre-birth to adulthood, inspired by the changing characters (wanda) of the Cirebon mask tradition. This study aims to describe and analyze the symbolic meanings embedded in the Panji Kahirupan Dance. The research uses a qualitative method with a semiotic approach, allowing the researcher to explore both the denotative and connotative meanings of the symbolic elements in the dance. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation, and validated using triangulation of techniques and sources. The data analysis involves data reduction to select relevant information, data presentation to synthesize findings, and conclusion drawing to interpret the symbolic meanings of each performance element. The costumes carry symbolic meanings through their colors: white represents the sanctity of life’s beginning, yellow symbolizes spirit, and red denotes ambition. The soft gamelan music contributes to a spiritual and contemplative atmosphere. The floor patterns, such as circles and straight lines, symbolize the life cycle and life’s purpose.

This study comprehensively examines the impact of social media on the formation and intensification of collective trauma in the Middle East through a digital meta-analytical approach synthesizing 47 empirical studies, encompassing a total of 31,842 participants, published between 2015 and 2024. The results reveal a strong and statistically significant correlation between the intensity of social media use and levels of collective trauma, with a correlation coefficient of r = 0.67 and a p-value of < 0.001, indicating a consistent and substantive relationship. Furthermore, regression analysis indicates that exposure to violent content through social media accounts for 43.2 percent of the variance in communal post-traumatic stress symptoms, affirming the role of digital media as a significant catalyst in amplifying collective psychological responses to conflict in the Middle East. Daily social media use exceeding five hours was found to significantly increase the risk of experiencing collective trauma by 2.8 times, with an odds ratio of 2.84 and a 95 percent confidence interval ranging from 2.31 to 3.49. Platforms such as Facebook and Twitter demonstrated a more substantial influence in widely disseminating traumatic experiences, with a beta coefficient of 0.58, compared to Instagram, which had a relatively lower influence with a beta value of 0.34, indicating that the structural and technological logic of each platform mediates the psychological transmission effect. Thematic analysis across studies revealed three primary mechanisms through which trauma is transmitted via social media: first, the amplification of traumatic narratives, accounting for 41.3 percent of identified patterns; second, the normalization of violence at 32.7 percent; and third, the reinforcement of collective identity based on shared traumatic experiences at 26.0 percent, thereby creating a digital ecosystem prone to the social accumulation of negative emotional states. These findings substantially expand the scope of prior research, such as that conducted by Atallah in 2017 and Nasciutti and Rahbari-Jawoko in 2021, which focused more narrowly on individual trauma, by highlighting a broader collective dimension and emphasizing the specific roles of various digital platforms in reinforcing these psychosocial dynamics. This study also identifies a novel pattern of both theoretical and practical significance, namely that algorithmic content recommendation contributes significantly to the formation of closed psychological echo chambers of trauma, intensifying exposure to traumatic content and deepening the affective impact of Middle Eastern conflict within digital spaces, with a significance level of p < 0.001. Accordingly, these findings underscore the urgent need for strategically designed and contextually grounded digital interventions to mitigate the burden of collective trauma in communities affected by protracted armed conflict in the Middle East.

This study aims to identify the phonological differences shown by two three-year-old boys, namely Galfin Yasasi Habbika and Muhammad Arkhan Al Hafiz with different family backgrounds in Pangalengan, Bandung, and it analyzed the environmental factors and parental roles that contribute to variations in their phonological acquisition. This Study uses descriptive qualitative method with the data were conducted through video documentation of natural interactions and interviews with the parents of both children. The data collected were 18 utterances from each child which were then analyzed based on phonological aspects to identify error patterns, compensation strategies, and articulation skills. The findings showed that the two children has different phonological development patterns with Galfin showing more conservative phonological strategy by maintaining the original word structure, and people interaction environment from digital medias showing good phonological awarenees in Indonesian language development. While Arkhan showed more active phonological reconstruction by transforming difficult words into more easly produced form with a family environment that often made direct correction to Arkhan’s phonological errors which more stable and consistent phonological structure. Their phonological development was also successfully achieve through a variety of consistent support strategies that were responsive to the child’s emotional state and learning style. The result of this study support Chomsky’s Language Acquisition Device theory, in which both children demonstrated an innate capacity for language learning while showing how environmental triggers activated and shaped this biological predisposition because the children's ability to produce complex phonological structures without explicit instruction supports the nativist perspective on language acquisition.