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This study aims to analyze the role of Sio as an intermediary in traditional Nias marriage ceremonies in Ononazara Village, Tugala Oyo District, North Nias Regency. The focus is directed toward how the Sio positions himself within the customary social arena and how social, cultural, and symbolic capital serve as the foundation of his legitimacy and authority. The research problem arises from the phenomenon of social change, where the authority of parents and traditional leaders, once dominant, is now shared with the presence of the Sio as a central mediator. The study employs a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. Data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation, validated by triangulation of sources, methods, and theories. Data analysis uses Pierre Bourdieu’s concepts of social capital and social arena to reveal the dynamics of power relations in customary practices. The findings indicate that the Sio is not merely a spokesperson but a key actor who maintains harmony, mediates Böwö (bridewealth) negotiations, and ensures effective communication between families. His position is shaped by kinship networks, deep knowledge of customs and ritual language, and social reputation. In the context of modernization, the Sio functions as both a cultural conservator and adaptive mediator who balances economic and symbolic dimensions in traditional Nias marriages.

This study aims to analyze the application of deep learning in the transformation of religious moderation education in the digital era and its implications for the development of modern Islamic education. The research employs a qualitative descriptive approach using library research, reviewing literature on Islamic education, religious moderation, and artificial intelligence in learning contexts. Data were collected from academic books, scientific journals, articles, and other credible sources, then analyzed using content analysis to identify patterns, concepts, and relationships between technology and the strengthening of moderation values. The results indicate that the implementation of deep learning can transform Islamic education from a traditional rote-based model to a reflective, contextual, and interactive learning process. This technology enables the analysis of students’ thinking patterns and behaviors, the reinforcement of moderation values, character formation, and the development of moderate digital literacy in a personalized and adaptive manner. The integration of technology and spirituality in digital Islamic education creates transformative learning experiences that strengthen empathy, ethical awareness, and students’ reflective capacities. The study implies the importance of developing curricula, learning strategies, and teacher competencies based on artificial intelligence to produce a generation of students who are moderate, tolerant, and competent in facing the challenges of the digital era.

This study aims to describe the implementation of an active learning model based on collaboration to improve students’ conceptual understanding in Islamic Religious Education (PAI). The background of this research stems from the low level of student engagement in the learning process, which has resulted in less optimal understanding of religious concepts. The research employed a qualitative approach with a classroom action research (CAR) design conducted in two cycles. The subjects were eleventh-grade students at a senior high school in City X. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and conceptual understanding tests. The findings revealed that the implementation of the collaborative active learning model increased students’ participation in learning activities, fostered critical thinking skills, and enhanced their conceptual understanding of Islamic Education materials. Through group discussions, problem-solving activities, and reflection sessions, students became more cognitively and affectively engaged in the learning process. Therefore, the collaborative active learning model can serve as an effective alternative strategy to improve both the process and outcomes of Islamic Religious Education learning.

Biology education in high school has an important role in shaping students' science literacy and critical thinking skills. However, ecological material, particularly the topic of Ecosystem Components and their Interactions, is often considered difficult because it is abstract and not easy to observe directly. This research aims to improve student learning outcomes through the application of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model, which emphasizes real problem-solving, collaborative discussion, and active involvement in the learning process. The research uses the design of Classroom Action Research (PTK) which was carried out in two cycles in class X of St. Rosa de Lima Catholic High School Tondano involving 10 students in the odd semester of the 2025/2026 school year. Data was collected through observation of teacher and student activities, learning outcome tests in the form of pretests and posttests, and learning documentation. The analysis was carried out descriptively, qualitatively, and quantitatively by calculating the average score, percentage of completion, and student involvement. The results of the study showed a significant increase. The percentage of teacher activity increased from 58.3% in the first cycle to 87.5% in the second cycle, while student activity increased from 45.83% to 83.33%. The average score of students also increased from 70% in cycle I to 90% in cycle II, with classical completeness reaching 90%. These findings confirm the effectiveness of PBL as a contextual Biology learning strategy, able to bridge ecological concepts with real life, and increase students' curiosity, cooperation, and critical thinking skills.

The training activity of creating video content to build personal branding on social media for Karang Taruna (Youth Organization) in Margadana District, Tegal City is a strategic effort to increase the capacity and creativity of the younger generation in the digital era. This training is motivated by the rapid development of information technology and social media, which makes the ability to manage self-image or personal branding a crucial aspect in developing the potential of individuals and organizations. Through this activity, Karang Taruna members are given an understanding of the basic concepts of personal branding, strategies for building a positive digital identity, as well as technical skills in designing and producing engaging, educational video content that suits the character of each participant. In addition to theory, participants are also trained practically in the video creation process from planning ideas, shooting, to editing using simple software. It is hoped that through this training, Karang Taruna youth will be able to utilize social media productively as a platform for promoting social activities, developing self-potential, and spreading positive values in the community. This activity also serves as a means to strengthen the existence of Karang Taruna as a youth organization that is adaptive to technological advances and plays an active role in building a positive image of the younger generation at the local and global levels. Thus, this training not only provides technical skills, but also forms a creative, innovative, and responsible mindset in the use of digital media.

Traditional and modern leadership are two approaches with distinct characteristics and advantages. Traditional leadership is rooted in culture, customs, and values passed down through generations, where the leader's legitimacy is often based on lineage, social status, or collective recognition within the community. This model emphasizes hierarchy, authority, and stability to maintain group harmony. However, in a constantly changing era, the traditional approach is often deemed less flexible as it tends to be static and resistant to adaptation. In contrast, modern leadership emerges in response to the needs of more dynamic and complex societies and organizations. Modern leaders prioritize competence, innovation, and member empowerment, emphasizing effective communication and the ability to adapt to change. Both approaches hold unique relevance in different contexts. Integrating the positive values of traditional and modern leadership can create a more holistic model of leadership aligned with contemporary demands.

Pre-production photography is a comprehensive stage of preparation and planning before the production and post-production stages. This stage includes determining ideas, visual concepts, technical planning, location selection, and budget and schedule management. This stage is crucial to ensure the smooth running and success of production by minimising problems during shooting. Conceptual photography is photography with a design that carries a specific concept. This type of photography is included in fine art photography, which focuses on conveying ideas and abstract feelings through images. The resulting photographs prioritise the idea behind the work and often use imagination. The pre-production stage of the conceptual photography ‘Mother's Hands’ depicts mothers as loving and strong figures who maintain their identity as women with traditional Javanese nuances. This work conveys a message about the balance between domestic roles and self-esteem and reflects cultural values. The balance between the roles of woman and mother is the concept. The mother is the bearer of household responsibilities and an educator, while also being a woman who maintains her dignity and appearance with grace as a form of self-respect. Visually, this photographic work presents a Javanese mother who is a housewife and her accomplished daughter, who is the result of her mother's upbringing. The photoshoot took place indoors, with gebyok accents and other supporting props in line with the concept. The final result of the conceptual photography ‘Tangan Ibu’ is a photo that combines aesthetic and narrative elements through a meaningful visual presentation. This work provides an experience that is not only visually appealing but also invites emotional engagement from the audience. It can also serve as a reference for photography.

Literacy skills play an important  role in helping students clarify basic concepts, build relationships between concepts, reason and test each detail of each interrelated information and are able to derive each concept, thus students are accustomed to understanding each scientific process and activity carried out in Biology learning. The relationship between these two skills trains students to actively carry out in-depth scientific investigations.The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between scientific literacy skills and scientific explanation skills in empowering scientific reasoning skills through the application of the Remap-NHT (Reading Concept Map-Numbered Head Together) learning model. This study included a quasi-experiment using a non-equivalent pretest-post-test control group design with a total sample of 85 eleventh grade students in the Natural Sciences department at SMAN 4 Malang in the 2023/2024 academic year. The population was distributed into 3 groups. Scientific literacy skills and scientific reasoning skills were assessed using an essay test, while scientific explanation skills were assessed using an assessment rubric. Data analysis was tested using multiple regression analysis. The results showed that (1) there was a significant relationship between scientific literacy skills and scientific reasoning skills; (2) there is a significant relationship between scientific explanation skills and scientific reasoning skills; and (3) there is a significant relationship between scientific literacy skills and scientific explanation skills that have an integral effect on scientific reasoning skills. The interrelationship between scientific literacy skills, scientific explanation skills and scientific reasoning skills can be observed in the regression equation Y = 0.317 * X1 + 0.995 * X2 + 30.113. Based on the findings, it is concluded that Remap-NHT is able to improve students' scientific literacy skills, scientific explanation skills, and scientific reasoning skills, the interrelationships of which influence each other.

Science process skills and conceptual mastery are two crucial aspects. Conceptual mastery involves understanding scientific concepts, while science process skills encompass the ability to conduct scientific work, apply concepts, predict and inquire, interpret and communicate, hypothesize, conclude, plan, and conduct experiments. The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between science process skills and conceptual mastery through practical methods. The research method employed is quantitative with a correlational design. The study population includes all 11th-grade MIPA students at SMA Negeri 1 Bumi Agung, Lampung, with cluster random sampling used to select Class XI MIPA 1 as the sample. Data collection involved observation sheets and tests. Data analysis was conducted using Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient. The correlation analysis began with testing prerequisites such as normality and linearity, confirming that the data were normally distributed and linear. The correlation between science process skills and conceptual mastery yielded an pearson correlation coefficient (r) of 0.940 with N = 32. The critical value (r-table) was 0.349. Since 0.940 > 0.349 and the significance value (2-tailed) was 0.00 < 0.05, H0 was rejected and H1 was accepted, indicating a very strong relationship between science process skills and conceptual mastery through practical methods. Theoretically, these findings affirm the importance of practice-based learning in strengthening conceptual understanding. Practically, the results recommend integrating structured laboratory activities to enhance students’ scientific inquiry skills and conceptual mastery.

Illocutionary speech are one of the key concepts in pragmatics, referring to actions performed by the speaker through utterances with specific intentions and functions. Illocutionary acts are a central aspect of speech act theory and are categorized into five types, namely expressive, declarative, representative, directive, and commissive acts. This study examines illocutionary acts in the film Sekawan Limo by Bayu Skak. The aim of this research is to analyze how illocutionary acts create additional meaning in communication between characters, as well as to understand how these acts influence the development of the storyline and character progression within the film. The data collection techniques used in this research include a descriptive qualitative approach, along with matching methods, observation and note-taking, as well as formal and informal methods.Based on the findings, we identified inaccuracies or misuses in illocutionary acts, including expressive, declarative, representative, directive, and commissive types. The benefit of this research lies in the development of scientific knowledge and understanding regarding illocutionary acts. For the general public, this study can provide insight into the various types of illocutionary acts. Through this research, we hope to deepen the understanding of illocutionary acts and provide useful information that can serve as a valuable reference for future researchers conducting similar studies. 

South Sumatra is a province with high natural resource potential in the palm oil plantation sector. The increasing demand for palm oil has led to many companies operating in this sector. One such plantation company is PT. Agro Muara Rupit, located in Rawas Ulu District, North Musi Rawas Regency, South Sumatra Province. This research is important because plantations are not only assessed from a commercial perspective, but must also have a positive impact on environmental sustainability. One environmentally conscious design concept is ecological architecture. Ecological architecture plays a role in protecting ecosystems from damage and creating comfort for residents from a physical, social, and economic perspective. This research aims to create environmentally conscious residential designs by applying ecological architecture concepts, ensuring the preservation of the natural environment. The research method used is a qualitative descriptive method with stages namely problem identification, data collection, analysis, and concept development, then the concept is implemented into the design. The results of this study are the implementation of four aspects of the ecological architecture concept in residential environments, including through natural ventilation and lighting systems by creating openings in the building, energy savings by using solar panels, the use of natural materials in the building mass such as clay, wood and bamboo, and the application of a bio pore system as water absorption.

The terminological debate between “Islamic architecture” and “Islamicate architecture” has become a central concern in studies of architecture rooted in Islamic values. Although often used interchangeably, the two terms carry different theoretical and contextual nuances. This study aims to explore the conceptual similarities and differences between Islamic architecture and Islamicate architecture through an interpretative qualitative approach by examining both classical and contemporary literature, as well as architectural spaces that represent the two terms. The analysis reveals that Islamic architecture refers more to the historical products of classical Islamic civilization, while Islamicate architecture is a contemporary approach that seeks to embed Islamic values into the design process, regardless of traditional architectural forms. This study emphasizes the importance of terminological clarity in developing an architectural identity grounded in values and spirituality. The implication is that conceptual approaches to Islamic and Islamicate architecture can enrich contemporary architectural discourse in an inclusive and contextual manner.

This community service initiative was carried out with the aim of introducing and training students of SMP Islam Sawahan Turen in programming and utilizing Arduino and ESP32 microcontrollers as a foundation for understanding modern technology. The workshop was specifically designed to provide students with knowledge of basic electronic concepts, sensors, and data communication, while also equipping them with practical skills to create simple microcontroller-based projects. During the sessions, participants received explanations about Arduino and ESP32, including how to connect sensors, process collected data, and transmit information to the Internet of Things (IoT) platform. In addition to the theoretical materials delivered, students were given opportunities to engage in direct practice under the guidance of experienced instructors, allowing them to gain a deeper comprehension of how the devices function. The combination of theory and practice helped students strengthen both their conceptual understanding and their technical abilities. Furthermore, the activity aimed to foster creativity and curiosity among participants in designing innovative projects that have real-life applications. This spirit of exploration is expected to nurture problem-solving skills, adaptability, and technological awareness from an early age. Beyond simply broadening students’ technological insights, the program also contributes to the enhancement of their competencies and preparedness in facing challenges of the digital era, ensuring that they can continue to grow as innovative learners and future innovators.

Early childhood education is a fundamental stage in shaping children's cognitive, social, emotional, and motor development. However, learning practices in many early childhood institutions still rely on conventional methods that make children passive and less engaged. This community service program was implemented at PAUD Alamanda in Padamaju Village with a focus on introducing color concepts through play-based learning strategies. The objective of this program was to enhance the quality of science learning that is more interactive, enjoyable, and developmentally appropriate, while also strengthening teachers’ capacity in designing innovative learning strategies. The method applied was Participatory Action Research, conducted in several stages including observation and coordination, teacher training, implementation of play activities with children, and reflection and evaluation. The results revealed that children became more enthusiastic, successfully recognized primary and secondary colors, and demonstrated improvements in fine motor skills, creativity, and social interaction. Teachers also gained new insights into the application of more varied and innovative teaching methods. Overall, this program successfully bridged the gap between early childhood education theories emphasizing play-based learning and classroom practices, and contributed positively to the improvement of early childhood education quality.

This study explores the transformative role of youth empowerment through green economy initiatives, specifically focusing on the management of a waste bank in Kedungsekar Village, Indonesia. Facing mounting environmental challenges such as waste accumulation and pollution, the local community sought sustainable solutions by integrating environmental, social, and economic dimensions. The involvement of youth, characterized by creativity, digital skills, and strong social networks, has been pivotal in driving this transformation. The waste bank functions as a social innovation that not only addresses waste management issues but also generates economic opportunities through circular economy practices. By actively participating in waste segregation, collection, and sale, youth have acquired operational and financial skills, enabling them to become entrepreneurs and community leaders. This initiative has shifted youth from passive recipients to active agents of change, fostering community awareness and environmental responsibility. Employing qualitative case study methods, including interviews, observations, and document analysis, this research highlights how integrated efforts rooted in environmental sustainability and community participation can catalyze socio-economic growth. The theoretical framework draws on the concepts of green economy, youth empowerment, and social innovation, illustrating how these pillars are interconnected in fostering sustainable development. Findings reveal that the green economy approach, facilitated by youth engagement, enhances local resilience, creates employment, and promotes environmental conservation. This case exemplifies the potential of grassroots initiatives in achieving sustainable transformation at the village level, serving as a model for other rural communities facing similar environmental and socio-economic issues. The study underscores the importance of empowering youth as key drivers in the transition towards sustainable and inclusive development.

This study examines the challenges and solutions faced by teachers in implementing Catholic Religious Education (CRE) learning through a deep learning approach in the classroom. The era of educational digitalization demands a transformation from traditional learning methods to more innovative and profound approaches. Deep learning in the educational context refers to learning strategies that encourage students to understand concepts deeply, analyze, evaluate, and integrate knowledge with spiritual experiences. This research methodology uses a literature review by analyzing various literature sources related to the implementation of deep learning in CRE learning. The research results show that teachers face main challenges in the form of limited technological competence, resistance to learning paradigm changes, and infrastructure inadequacy. Solutions that can be applied include improving teacher digital literacy, developing hybrid learning models, integrating technology that is in accordance with Catholic values, and forming professional learning communities. This research contributes to developing an implementation framework for effective and meaningful deep learning for CRE learning. Practical implications include policy recommendations for teacher professional development and phased implementation strategies in the context of Indonesian Catholic education.

Quality education is the key to improving skills and knowledge for students. However, there are still many challenges faced in improving the quality of education, especially at the primary level. Collaborative Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Lecturers and Teachers in book writing can be one of the strategies to improve the quality of Education. This research aims to be active through collaboration in writing Madrasah Science Competition books between Tarbiyatut Tholabah Islamic Institute Lecturers and Madrasah Ibtidaiyah 02 Mazro'atul Ulum teachers. The results of the service showed an increase in the quality of lecturers and teachers in presenting learning and academic materials in order to provide excellent service for students, especially Madrasah Science Competition participants. And the most important thing is the creation of a collaborative book masterpiece entitled Madrasah Science Competition which contains a summary of material from science, social studies, mathematics, Arabic English and religious sciences such as Fiqh, Aqidah, Islamic Culture History and the presentation of sample questions and discussions. Moreover, the project has had a positive impact on the educators involved. It has allowed them to deepen their understanding of the subjects and improve their ability to present complex concepts in an accessible way. The collaborative nature of the project has fostered a supportive learning community, where educators learn from one another's expertise and experiences. The resulting Madrasah Science Competition book is not only a valuable educational resource but also a testament to the power of collaboration in enhancing the quality of education.

This study was conducted to develop an edutainment-based learning media product and to assess its feasibility in terms of validity, practicality, and effectiveness with a focus on understanding mathematical concepts and fostering self-directed learning in social arithmetic topics. The research employed a development approach using the ADDIE model, which consists of Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. The instruments used included validation sheets completed by experts, practicality questionnaires filled out by teachers and students, mathematical concept comprehension tests, and self-directed learning questionnaires. Research subjects consisted of two groups: a small-scale trial with 10 seventh-grade students and a large-scale trial with 32 students. The findings revealed that the edutainment learning media developed was appropriate for use, fulfilling all three aspects of feasibility. The validity score for media was 142 out of 230 (medium category), while the material validation reached 110 out of 135 (high category). Practicality assessments showed very high results, with teachers assigning a score of 175 out of 172 indicators and students achieving an average score of 156.8, which placed the media in the very high category. Effectiveness was demonstrated by improved mathematical concept comprehension, where the pretest average of 75.24 increased to 84.38 in the posttest, meeting the minimum high category. Similarly, the self-directed learning questionnaire showed improvement, with average scores rising from 99.97 to 102.91, and the percentage of students attaining very high posttest results increased to 90.63%.

Scouting extracurricular activities play a strategic role in shaping the character of elementary school students, particularly in instilling the values of discipline, solidarity, and cooperation, which are essential for children's personal and social development. This community service project aims to describe the process of mentoring the Marching Regulations (PBB) at SDIT Al-Qonita while identifying the impacts it has on strengthening students' character. The methods used in mentoring include lectures to convey basic concepts, demonstrations as examples of correct movements, repeated practice to train technical skills, joint reflection to evaluate experiences, and a comprehensive evaluation of the results of the activities. The mentoring process was carried out in three meetings over three weeks, with stages starting from an introduction to basic marching material, intensive group practice, and implementation of evaluations that emphasize technical and non-technical aspects. The results of the activity showed that students experienced an increase in technical skills in marching, such as movement accuracy and neatness of formation. Furthermore, this activity was proven to be able to strengthen discipline, solidarity, a sense of responsibility, and the ability to work together among students. Furthermore, the inclusion of educational games and icebreakers during training sessions has proven effective in maintaining motivation, reducing boredom, and creating a pleasant learning environment. Thus, the extracurricular Scouting activities, supported by the National Scout Movement (PBB), serve not only as a means of training marching skills but also as a means of ongoing character development. The results of this community service demonstrate that the PBB can be used as a relevant educational instrument to strengthen the character of elementary school students while simultaneously supporting the achievement of national education goals.

This study aims to describe the ethnomathematics activities carried out by corn farmers in Tegal Arum Village. The approach used is qualitative with an ethnographic method, with data collected through observations, in-depth interviews, and documentation from two farmers who are knowledgeable in traditional corn farming practices. The main focus of this study is to identify the application of basic mathematical concepts, such as counting, measuring, and calculating, in their daily farming activities. The results show that the farmers in Tegal Arum Village apply mathematics in a contextual form, derived from experiences and practices passed down through generations. For example, they calculate the seed requirements, estimate the number of laborers and planting time, and measure the harvest using local units like sacks and handfuls. These activities reflect the relevant application of ethnomathematics, which can be integrated into contextual mathematics learning in schools. The findings indicate that mathematics is not only taught in a formal setting in schools but also naturally develops in the community's daily life, especially through farming activities. Therefore, the results of this study are expected to serve as a reference in the development of a local culture-based curriculum that connects mathematics learning to real-life contexts.