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Background: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder that causes an increase in blood glucose levels and can trigger chronic complications in various organs. Diabetic foot exercises are an exercise method carried out by diabetes mellitus sufferers to improve foot health. Goal: foot exercises for DM sufferers are to improve blood circulation, especially in the foot area, apart from strengthening the muscles and small nerves in the feet and preventing complications of diabetic feet, such as blood vessel disorders, open wounds. Method: The method for implementing health education is in the form of pre and post tests, then presentation of material using leaflets as well as demonstrations of foot exercises to prevent diabetes mellitus wounds. By delivering it via leaflets and demonstrations, it is hoped that the entire audience can understand and convey it well. Conclusion: Of the 15 audience members present, all of them understood the education about diabetes mellitus foot exercises which can increase knowledge in preventing foot wounds in diabetes sufferers.

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of plyometric training in improving vertical jumping ability in volleyball players. This research uses a literature study method by collecting and analyzing data from various relevant literature. The results showed that plyometric exercises, such as rim jumps, single jumps, hurdle hopping, and box jumps, significantly increased the explosive power and muscle strength required for vertical jumps. Factors that influence the effectiveness of this exercise include intensity, duration, and technique used. In addition, the combination of plyometric training and weight training has been shown to improve neuromuscular ability, muscle strength, and speed, which are very important in explosive movements such as blocks and smashes in volleyball. This study concludes that the integration of plyometric training in volleyball athletes’ training programs is highly recommended to improve vertical jump performance and reduce the risk of injury.

Lower back pain is pain in the lower back area that is felt down to the buttocks and thighs which is often found in society, especially in housewives. The core is the central part of the body including the pelvis, lower back and hips. Core exercises train the muscles to work in harmony and improve body balance. This study uses leaflet media and direct tutorials to members of the Dharma Wanita Persatuan Balai Perikanan Budidaya Laut (BPBL) Ambon to overcome lower back pain (Low Back Pain).      

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs), such as hypertension and diabetes, are the leading causes of death among the elderly in Indonesia. To address this issue, a community service program was conducted in the working area of the Ariodilla Health Center, Palembang, focusing on NCD screening and health education through senior exercise. The program was attended by 45 elderly individuals who underwent health screenings, including blood pressure, blood sugar, cholesterol, and uric acid measurements. The results showed that 15.5% of the elderly were diagnosed with diabetes mellitus, 75.8% had high cholesterol, and 24.4% had elevated uric acid levels. In addition, senior exercise sessions were conducted to improve physical fitness. This program successfully increased the knowledge and awareness of the elderly regarding NCDs, the importance of regular health check-ups, and maintaining a healthy lifestyle. In the future, similar programs are expected to be expanded to reach more elderly individuals, aiming to prevent serious complications from NCDs.

Background: Infants aged 2 months have begun to learn body movements in the form of gross motor skills. Starting with kicking movements, straightening the hands of sideways movements and then on the stomach until at the age of 1 year the baby can walk independently. Gross motor can develop faster and better when there is stimulus from the surrounding environment. Baby gym can provide a stimulus for gross motor development. Baby gym exercises done with the person closest to the baby will be better for the baby's emotional security. Objective: Providing counseling and practice in mother and baby classes at the kendalsari health center makes mothers who have babies under 1 year old and who will have a baby can apply it at home to train their children's gross motor skills. Methods: the method used in this counseling is to provide leaflets and then education and practice. Giving some questions on the pretest and postest to find out the picture of knowledge in mothers. Results: from this activity an increased understanding of baby gym procedures and their benefits was obtained. 

Elderly or old age is the final phase of the human life cycle, which is part of the natural life process that cannot be avoided by everyone. The elderly will experience degenerative diseases, one of which is musculoskeletal disease, namely frozen shoulder. Thus, there is a need to increase knowledge about frozen shoulder disease. The method provided in community physiotherapy activities is to provide education regarding the meaning, causes, risk factors, prevention, physiotherapy treatment and physiotherapy exercises using education media in the form of posters. In the question and answer discussion session, the elderly were very active in asking questions about the material presented by the students, because the elderly wanted to know about possible treatments and prevention. From the outreach activities that were carried out at the Buring Village Pustu, Kedungkandang, Malang City on October 25 2023, it can be concluded that it went smoothly and was well realized. The benefit of this outreach activity is to provide insight and knowledge regarding the prevention and treatment of stiff shoulder joints or frozen shoulder so that the knowledge of the elderly regarding frozen shoulder increases.

Primary dysmenorrhea is menstrual pain that is generally experienced by young women which is not accompanied by physical disorders or pathology in the reproductive organs. This condition often interferes with daily activities, including academic performance and psychological well-being. Many non-pharmacological approaches are used to reduce the intensity of dysmenorrhea pain, such as massage and physical exercise. This study aims to compare the effectiveness of the Cat Stretch Exercise and lumbar massage in reducing the pain intensity of primary dysmenorrhea at SMA Negeri 3 Tuban. The research design uses True Experimental with the Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design method. A total of 32 female students who experienced primary dysmenorrhea were selected as samples using a purposive sampling technique, divided into two groups: one group was given Cat Stretch Exercise therapy and the other group was given lumbar massage. Pain intensity was measured using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) before and after treatment. The results showed that there was a significant reduction in pain in both groups, but the Cat Stretch Exercise was more effective in reducing pain intensity compared to lumbar massage. The p-value obtained was 0.005, which shows a significant difference between the two groups.

Background: The elderly are vulnerable to chronic diseases and musculoskeletal issues, such as rheumatoid arthritis, which is characterized by pain in the joints and extremities. This disease can lead to persistent pain, fatigue, and an increased risk of injury. One effective non-pharmacological therapy for reducing joint pain in patients with rheumatoid arthritis is rheumatic exercise, which focuses on maintaining range of motion and physical health. Objective: The objective of this research is to describe the comparison of the final results between two respondents before and after the application of rheumatic exercises. Method: This research uses a case study approach with a descriptive method. Descriptive research aims to present or describe the events observed in society. The application of rheumatic exercises was carried out for 4 weeks with a frequency of once a week for 8 minutes. Result: From this study, a decrease in pain levels was found in both respondents, with N. Y's pain level dropping from 5 to 1 and Ny. Y's from 6 to 2. Conclusion: Rheumatic exercise therapy can reduce pain levels in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. (RA).

Background; The number of people with diabetes mellitus in the Sukoharjo Regency area is 17,184, while the number of people with diabetes mellitus in Kartasura District is 2142. Blood sugar levels are affected by diet, activity patterns, and medication adherence. Diabetic foot exercises are one of the efforts to lower blood sugar levels. When exercising, the muscles contract and relax. Sugar will be burned and converted into energy, so blood sugar will drop. The objectives of research; To find out the results of the implementation of diabetic foot exercises on the reduction of blood sugar levels in patients with diabetes mellitus. Method; This type of research is a case study that uses a descriptive research method. Foot exercises are done for 3 consecutive days, done once a day for 20 minutes. Result: The results of blood sugar levels before diabetic foot exercises were carried out in Mrs. F were 221 mg/dl and in Mrs. R were 158 mg/dl. The results of blood sugar levels after diabetic foot exercises were 175 mg/dl for Mrs. F and 138 mg/dl for Mrs. R. Summary: Foot exercises done for three days in a row can lower blood sugar levels.

The phenomenon of rapidly developing life is occurring swiftly in human life. This rapid development certainly poses challenges for human life. Car Free Day is one of the activities designed by the government to address these challenges. The success of this program can be seen from the level of public participation. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the level of community participation in sports activities during Car Free Day in Gresik Regency. Additionally, this study identifies that public participation in Car Free Day is also influenced by several factors, such as the sports activities available during Car Free Day, the number of interesting attractions at Car Free Day, the location of the Car Free Day event, the weather, the facilities provided, and the safety during the event. The method used in this research is a survey method with a descriptive quantitative approach. Data collection was carried out through questionnaires distributed to Car Free Day participants and direct observation at the event location. The research results show that the level of public participation in sports activities during Car Free Day in Gresik Regency is relatively high, with 46.7% rarely participating in Car Free Day activities. Most respondents who participate in Car Free Day activities are primarily motivated by the desire to exercise. The most common exercise among respondents is walking. The majority of respondents are male. Furthermore, most respondents are in the 15-25 age group, which is the student age group. Based on this, the researchers recommend increasing public participation in Car Free Day in Gresik Regency. These recommendations include adding and improving the quality of sports facilities, adding more diverse and interesting programs, and promoting the benefits of exercise. Thus, it is hoped that Car Free Day can become a means to encourage the community to adopt a healthy lifestyle through exercise.

This study investigates the impact of contextual problem-solving on students' mathematical reasoning abilities, comparing it to traditional problem-solving exercises. The study employs a quasi-experimental design with two groups: an experimental group exposed to contextual problem-solving activities and a control group using conventional methods. The experimental group demonstrated a 24% improvement in their mathematical reasoning abilities compared to the control group. Contextual problem-solving, which integrates real-world problems into the learning process, was found to be more engaging and effective in promoting deeper understanding and application of mathematical concepts. The study highlights the benefits of contextual learning in making abstract mathematical concepts more tangible and relatable to students. The findings suggest that by connecting mathematical knowledge to real-world scenarios, students develop stronger reasoning skills and improve their problem-solving capabilities. Moreover, the study recommends incorporating more contextual problem-solving exercises into curricula and providing teachers with training on how to implement these strategies effectively. It also suggests that future research explore the long-term effects of contextual problem-solving on other learning areas, such as critical thinking and creative problem-solving. This approach not only enhances students' mathematical reasoning but also fosters a more engaging and meaningful learning environment, thus preparing students to apply their mathematical knowledge in real-life situations.

Hypertension is one of the main cardiovascular risk factors which is the main cause of death in the world, especially in the elderly. Maximizing the utilization of elderly health posts is one strategy in controlling hypertension in the elderly, but the limited knowledge and skills of elderly health cadres, especially in managing hypertension, make the implementation of elderly health posts less than optimal. Sumur Gunung Elderly Health Post is one of the elderly health posts that routinely runs in Sumurejo Village, but services are still limited to measuring blood pressure, weight, and height, educational services still depend on the health center, there is no exercise, and there are no special provisions for the PMT menu. This is due to the limited knowledge and skills of the cadres. The results of BP examinations on 20 elderly people registered at the Sumur Gunung Elderly Posyandu showed that 35% (7 out of 20 elderly people) had blood pressure > 140/90 mmHg. The questionnaire results showed that 46% of elderly people had not regulated their diet, 75% of elderly people had a habit of drinking coffee, 80% of elderly people had not limited the amount of salt consumed, 50% of elderly people smoked, 60% of elderly people did not know how to treat hypertension. Based on this background, the STIKES Kesdam IV/Diponegoro Community Service Team carried out an activity entitled "IbM Empowerment of Antihypertension Cadres at the Sumur Gunung Elderly Posyandu". The activities included field visits, refreshing cadres, mentoring posyandu, hypertension education, and utilization of cucumber infusion water. The target outputs were to achieve increased knowledge and skills of cadres so that they were empowered in efforts to control hypertension, publication of community service results in national journals, and electronic media. The results of this activity obtained 35% of elderly people were detected to have blood pressure > 140/90 mmHg, there was an increase in knowledge and skills of cadres in implementing elderly posyandu according to standards, and the use of cucumber infused water to reduce hypertension in the elderly.

Babies who experience delays in gross motor development will reduce the baby's creativity in adapting and make it difficult for the baby to recognize the surrounding environment. Growth and development is a continuous process that occurs since conception and continues until adulthood. One of the early steps to accompany child growth and development is carried out through stimulation, namely stimulation to improve infant motor skills with tummy time exercise. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Tummy time exercise on gross motor skills in infants aged 3-6 months. This study used the methoda quasi-experimental with control group design.Data analysis using the Mann Whitney test.Gross motor development is assessed usingDenver Developmental Screening Test (DDST). The results of this study showThe average gross motor development in the intervention group after tummy time exercise for 3 weeks showed faster gross motor development compared to babies in the control group who were not given intervention. While the p value obtained was 0.000. The conclusion of this study is that tummy time exercise has a strong influence on infant motor development. So it can be recommended to give tummy time exercise to babies.

The background that encourages this research is that basically the trilingual program is needed to equip students to have global competitiveness because of their proficiency in English and Arabic. The purpose of this study is to examine the implementation, evaluation, and find out the difficulties and obstacles in the implementation of the bilingual program based on holistic education at Al-Azhar Islamic School Sukoharjo. This research method is descriptive qualitative. This research uses data collection techniques in the form of interviews, observations, documentation, and questionnaires. While the data analysis technique includes three stages, namely data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of this study indicate that the implementation of the trilingual program is in the form of using English in English subjects. Evaluation of the bilingual program based on holistic education includes exercise, practice, and enrichment. The difficulties and obstacles faced are that students do not fully understand the learning process using English. The conclusion of this study is that the implementation of a holistic education-based bilingual program is carried out through the implementation of three curricula with different approaches, recruitment of teachers who have English language skills, and the use of mixed language in the implementation of learning. Evaluation of teachers is conducted through monthly meetings by the school management. Meanwhile, evaluation for students is carried out through daily assignment assessments, mid-semester exams, and end-of-semester exams. Difficulties and obstacles encountered are the different abilities of students, the different carrying capacity of each family, and the existence of students who do not understand the benefits of language.

Mojolaban is a sub-district located in Sukoharjo Regency. Osteoarthritis is one of the most common complaints experienced by elderly people in Mojolaban. Knee osteoarthritis is inflammation of the knee due to damage to the knee joint which can be caused by age or trauma. This condition causes pain, stiffness in the joints and limitations in movement in the knee. The aim of the physiotherapy program in cases of osteoarthritis is education and demonstration of exercise therapy in the form of closed kinetic chain exercises to reduce pain and prevent complaints from getting worse. The method used is the counseling method (lecture and question and answer), providing leaflets, education, and demonstrations about closed kinetic chain exercises related to osteoarthritis knee targeting participants at Bekonang RW 09 Elderly Posyandu. To evaluate the increase in understanding, the author used a questionnaire before and after the test. The results showed a significant increase in understanding of osteoarthritis material and exercise therapy, with the average score increasing from 2.25 on the pre-test to 4.35 on the post-test. It is hoped that the results of this Community Service activity will become a reference for physiotherapists and other health professionals to encourage the implementation of similar activities, so that they can improve public health, especially in cases of osteoarthritis genu in the elderly.

 Mojolaban is one of the sub-districts in Sukoharjo Regency, Central Java, which has 15 villages. The district has Mojolaban main health center, Jatimalang auxiliary health center and Kustati Clinic. Low back pain (LBP) is a disease that is widely suffered in Sukoharjo Regency, according to the Sukoharjo Regency Health Office, LBP sufferers amounted to 3,670 people from 2018-2022. LBP is one of the health problems that is often not taken seriously by the community, especially the elderly. Even though if left unchecked it can interfere with daily life and reduce quality of life. The purpose of this counseling is to prevent, promote health related to LBP with the target participants of the Matahari Elderly Posyandu located in Ds. Wirun Mojolaban. The measurement used in this activity is a pre-test and post-test questionnaire to measure the understanding of the elderly. The results of the questionnaire showed a good improvement with an average pre test and post test increase of 50%. For this reason, posyandu cadres always follow-up so that the elderly can do this exercise not only during counseling but also at home.

Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) is a component of the development index and quality of life index which is calculated by considering and taking into account women's health status (MMR). The aim of this study was to determine the effect of pregnancy exercise on reducing lower back pain in pregnant women III at the Sidomulyo Banyuasin Community Health Center. The research population was pregnant women in the third trimester at the Sidomulyo Banyuasin Community Health Center with a total of 16 pregnant women. Univariate and bivariate data analysis.  The results of research show that pregnancy exercise has an effect on reducing lower back pain in pregnant women. This shows that 0.018 is smaller than 0.05. Through this research, pregnant women understand the benefits of pregnancy exercise during pregnancy, especially during the third trimester of pregnancy, which has a very good impact so that mothers feel comfortable and reduce complaints during pregnancy, such as lower back pain, especially.

Mojolaban is a sub-district in Sukoharjo Regency, Central Java which has 15 villages. This sub-district has a Mojolaban main health center and a Jatimalang sub-district health center. Mojolaban sub-district has many elderly people aged 60-64 years, 42,481 people and most of them work as ethanol, roof tile and gamelan craftsmen. Ischialgia has risk factors such as age, unergonomic working positions, the habit of lifting too heavy weights, and injury. These risk factors are related to the majority of people's jobs in the Mojolaban District area. Ischialgia is a problem that often arises in the elderly and people in Mojolaban District do not yet know how to treat Ischialgia properly. This outreach method uses the lecture method and uses leaflets as an outreach medium. The aim of this outreach is to prevent, promote health related to Ischialgia, targeting participants at the Elderly Posyandu located in Palur Mojolaban Village. The measurements used in this activity were pre-test and post-test questionnaires to measure the elderly's understanding of Ischialgia.  The results showed a significant increase in understanding regarding Ischialgia material with an average pre-test score of 3.5 and an average post-test score of 6.1.

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease of insulin metabolism which is characterized by glucose levels exceeding normal values.  Diabetic ulcers are one of the causes of the risk of infection if not treated properly and correctly.  Factors that cause diabetic ulcers are poor blood circulation, age, gender, lack of physical activity, and an increase in diabetes mellitus. This application aims to determine the effect of foot exercises on the risk level of diabetic ulcers in people with diabetes mellitus. Descriptive by conducting an application to 2 respondents 3 times in 1 week with an interval of 2 days.  Respondents measured the highest systolic blood pressure between the right and left brachials and the right and left ankles which was then divided to obtain the Ankle Brachial Index (ABI) value before and after carrying out diabetic foot exercises. After implementing it 3 times, the result was that the ABI value for both respondents increased, namely by the difference between Mrs.  Sa 0.25 mmHg and Mrs.  Si 0.30 mmHg. It was found that there was an increase in the Ankle Brachial Index (ABI) value before and after carrying out diabetic foot exercises in both respondents.

Diabetes Mellitus is a metabolic disease that has hyperglycemia caused by abnormalities in insulin secretion, insulin performance, or both. DM will cause several complications, one of which is sensory neuropathy or damage to sensory nerve fibers which causes DM patients to experience decreased foot sensitivity. The number of DM sufferers at the Sangkrah Health Center in 2022 was 2,404 cases. To describe the results of the implementation before and after the application of diabetic foot exercises on foot sensitivity in patients with diabetes mellitus. This study used a descriptive design by observing foot sensitivity in 2 respondents, carried out in the morning for 1 week with 2 meetings each meeting 15 minutes. The instruments used were observation sheets, monofilament test tools, and newspapers. There was an increase in foot sensitivity scores after diabetic foot exercises were carried out for 2 days in 1 week each meeting 15 minutes to both respondents. The application of diabetic foot exercises can be useful for increasing foot sensitivity in both respondents with diabetes mellitus.