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Kotagede, one of the historic districts in Yogyakarta, boasts a rich cultural and architectural heritage that makes it a prominent destination for walking tours. Walking along its historic alleys, traditional buildings, bustling markets, and local life offers visitors an authentic cultural tourism experience. However, the current design of walking tours in Kotagede still tends to emphasize historical narratives and architectural visualization, leaving the multisensory potential of the area underutilized. This study aims to analyze how tourists perceive sensory experiences (visual, auditory, olfactory, gustatory, and tactile) during walking tours in Kotagede and to identify the most dominant elements that shape such experiences. The research employed a descriptive, qualitative approach, utilizing in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and documentation. The participants consisted of 32 tourists who had just completed a walking tour, selected through purposive sampling. The findings reveal that visual experience is the most dominant sensory element, particularly through traditional architecture and historic buildings. Auditory elements, such as birdsong and market activities, enrich the atmosphere, while tactile experiences with building materials provide authenticity and strengthen tourists' emotional connection with local history.Meanwhile, olfactory elements, such as the aroma of spices, incense, and aged wood, contribute to the overall ambiance, though occasionally disrupted by unpleasant odors from waste. Gustatory experiences are often encountered during tours of local culinary products, demonstrating strong potential as markers of cultural identity, although they are not yet fully integrated into the tour itinerary. These findings highlight a gap between Kotagede's multisensory potential and the existing design of the walking tour. Therefore, the development of more holistic sensory-based walking tours is necessary to enhance visitor satisfaction while reinforcing Kotagede’s cultural identity as a meaningful heritage destination.

Learning Indonesian for Foreign Speakers (BIPA) requires structured, communicative, and internationally standardized teaching materials. One widely used teaching material is Sahabatku Indonesia Level 4, which is intended for the intermediate level. The urgency of this research lies in the importance of ensuring that the teaching materials not only convey language formally, but also align with the needs of learners' communicative competence and recognized standards, such as the Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR) level B2 and the Indonesian Language Proficiency Test (UKBI). The purpose of this research is to evaluate the structure and linguistic aspects of the Sahabatku Indonesia Level 4 teaching materials by reviewing the integration of the material, clarity of discourse, vocabulary diversity, and grammatical accuracy used. The research method used is descriptive qualitative. Data were analyzed using an evaluation rubric based on CEFR B2 and UKBI components. The focus of the analysis includes the integration of presentation between units, the logical flow of learning, and the consistency of language use in supporting receptive and productive skills. The results show that the material presentation structure reflects a logical, progressive learning sequence and supports language skill mastery. The language elements used are generally appropriate for the intermediate level, although discrepancies were still found, such as the use of irrelevant illustrations and inconsistent language style. Furthermore, the syntactic complexity in some sections still needs to be adjusted to align with the abilities of B2 learners. 

The Desa Bersinar (Drug Clean Village) program is a strategic initiative designed to prevent and eradicate drug abuse and illicit trafficking (P4GN) at the village level through the active involvement of both the village government and the community. This study aims to analyze the implementation of the Desa Bersinar program in Pantai Cermin Kiri Village, Serdang Bedagai Regency, an area recognized as drug-prone due to its coastal geographical conditions and its vulnerability to illicit distribution routes. The research adopts a descriptive qualitative approach, with data gathered through direct observation, in-depth interviews with the program coordinator, six implementing members, program beneficiaries, and two public informants. Additional data were obtained from documentation and relevant literature to provide a more comprehensive perspective. Data analysis was conducted through three stages: reduction, presentation, and conclusion drawing, ensuring systematic interpretation of findings. The results indicate that the Desa Bersinar program in Pantai Cermin Kiri Village has successfully implemented two of the three indicators outlined in David C. Korten’s theory of successful program implementation, specifically program elements and implementing organizational elements. These include clear structures of coordination, division of responsibilities, and collaboration among stakeholders. However, the third indicator—supportive environmental elements—has not been fully realized. Challenges include limited resources, lack of sustainable community participation, and insufficient external support from higher levels of government. Overall, the program demonstrates significant progress in combating drug-related issues, but its sustainability requires stronger environmental support, broader community empowerment, and multi-sectoral collaboration to ensure long-term effectiveness.

This study aims to reveal the representation of adolescents’ emotional crisis in the music video 0X1=LOVESONG (I Know I Love You) by the South Korean boy group TOMORROW X TOGETHER. Using Roland Barthes’ semiotic approach, the research analyzes the denotative, connotative, and mythical meanings of the visual elements presented in the music video. The main focus is on how emotional crises such as loneliness, instability, alienation, and inner escape are represented through visual symbols such as a dark and messy room, a burning car, and a character standing alone in an open field. The research employed a qualitative descriptive method with a critical paradigm, analyzing eight key scenes in the music video that most strongly depict emotional struggles. The scenes were selected based on their symbolic intensity and relevance to adolescent psychological issues. Data analysis was conducted by interpreting visual signs through Barthes’ concepts of denotation, connotation, and myth. The findings reveal that the music video symbolically narrates the psychological struggles of adolescents who are not only physically isolated but also emotionally detached. The visual symbols construct new meanings that represent the social reality of modern youth, burdened by environmental pressures, societal expectations, and the quest for self-identity. Through the myths it creates, the music video functions not only as a medium of entertainment but also as a reflection and critique of adolescents’ psychological vulnerability. Thus, this study contributes to the understanding of emotional representation in popular media, particularly in audio-visual forms such as music videos, while enriching perspectives on how media constructs the narrative of adolescent emotional crises.

The phenomenon of digital transformation is crucial for Indonesian Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in addressing the challenges posed by international markets; however, a large number of SMEs have yet to fully utilise technological advancements. This research seeks to examine the impact of digital transformation on the export performance of Indonesian SMEs, while exploring the mediating and moderating factors that influence this relationship. The methodology employed consists of panel data analysis, utilising a sample of 100 exporting SMEs from various industry sectors over the period 2019 to 2023. The findings show that digital transformation exerts a significant positive impact on export performance, with dynamic capabilities serving as a mediator and firm size acting as a moderator. The study identifies e-commerce and business process automation as the most effective elements in improving export performance. The implications derived from this study advocate a comprehensive strategy in the digital transformation of SMEs, in addition to more targeted policy initiatives aimed at strengthening the dynamic capabilities of these firms.

This study investigates the meanings associated with the song “Scaredy Cat” by Ian DPR, focusing on connotative and denotative aspects through a semantic perspective. Using qualitative research methods, this work builds on existing research related to figurative language. The findings highlight the complex interaction between the song's literal meaning and its deeper emotional implications, which collectively enhance its impact. Denotative aspects provide a clear understanding of the songwriter's experience, while connotative elements invite deeper engagement with themes of fear, anxiety, and vulnerability. This research reveals that figurative language, such as metaphors and imagery, contributes to the layered interpretation of songs. This complexity not only strengthens the emotional bond between the artist and the audience but also encourages listeners to reflect on their own feelings and experiences. The importance of language in music as a means of expressing human emotions is emphasized. By combining empathetic language and figurative language, songwriters can create a sense of release and emotional connection. The results align with previous research on the importance of figurative language in enhancing lyrical meaning and emotional resonance. Further research is recommended to explore the relationship between semantics and emotional expression across various music genres.

This study aims to analyze the representation of national values and friendship in the film Sekawan Limo using Roland Barthes’ semiotic approach. The film was selected because it combines horror elements with strong local cultural nuances, making it interesting to examine from the perspectives of visual communication, culture, and social values. The research employed a descriptive qualitative method, with primary data drawn from scenes, dialogues, visual symbols, and narratives within the film. The analysis was conducted through Barthes’ three levels of semiotics: denotation, connotation, and myth. At the denotative level, the film presents visual and verbal signs depicting character interactions and the cultural background of society. At the connotative level, these signs convey deeper meanings related to national values, such as respect for local culture, the importance of unity, and love for the homeland. Meanwhile, friendship values are reflected through solidarity, empathy, mutual support, and sacrifice among the main characters as they face conflicts together. At the myth level, the film illustrates how popular culture can serve as a medium for delivering moral and ideological messages, particularly the importance of preserving national identity while fostering strong bonds of friendship. The findings highlight that local films function not only as entertainment but also as an effective communication medium to convey national and social values to a broader audience. Thus, Sekawan Limo demonstrates that film plays a strategic role in strengthening cultural awareness while instilling moral values.

This study aims to describe the form and function of negation elements in the syntactic structure of Chairil Anwar's poetry anthology. The research method is descriptive qualitative with linguistic approach. The data sources are poetry texts by Chairil Anwar consisting of nine titles of Chairil Anwar's poems: Aku, Diponegoro, Karawang-Bekasi, Derai-Derai Cemara, Senja di Pelabuhan Kecil, Cintaku Jauh di Pulau, Hampa, Tak Sepadan and Siap Sedia. The data was collected using the documentation method, namely reading and scrutinizing the poetry texts to identify sentences that contain negation elements. The data found were then recorded and classified based on the form and location of the negation element in the syntactic structure of the sentence. Data analysis was conducted through several stages, namely: 1) identifying negation elements (all word/phrase elements containing negation elements in the poem); 2) classifying negation forms based on their types such as not, not, none, yet or don't; 3) analyzing syntactic structure (how the negation element functions in the syntactic structure, whether in predicate, subject, object or adverb; 4) interpreting the meaning and semantic and stylistic functions of negation elements in the context of the whole poem. To maintain data validity, this research uses theoretical triangulation by referring to various linguistic references (especially syntax and semantics) as well as previous studies on Chairil Anwar's poetry. In addition, data validation is done through cross-checking between readers on the results of identification and analysis. The results show that the element of negation plays a central role in shaping the syntactic structure, meaning and ideological and emotional character of his poetry. 

The land of the former Pit B limestone mine of PT Semen Baturaja has failed to plant and grow dwarf plants at several locations due to low nutrient content, such as Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium, Soil PH, C-Organic, and cation exchange capacity (KTK). This condition causes the plant not to grow optimally. This study aims to determine the effect of the application of Rhizobium sp bacteria on the growth of Sengon plants (Falcataria moluccana) using polybag media on the land. The method used was an experiment with the treatment of giving Rhizobium sp in various doses. The results of the study showed that the administration of Rhizobium sp had a real effect on increasing the growth of sengon plants. Based on laboratory observations and analysis, there is a change in soil pH from slightly alkaline to neutral after treatment. The C-Organic content increased from medium to very high, while the Nitrogen content rose from medium to high. The elements of Phosphorus, Potassium, and KTK have also increased significantly and are classified as very high. The best treatment is obtained at a dose of 30 grams of Rhizobium sp, which gives optimal results on an increase in plant height and root length. These findings suggest that the application of Rhizobium sp can be an effective biotechnology alternative in post-mining land rehabilitation, particularly in improving soil fertility and forestry crop productivity. This research contributes to environmental management and the use of microorganisms in the restoration of degraded ecosystems.

This qualitative study examines standard operating procedure (SOP) implementation for tugboat clearance operations at Jepara Port, analyzing service quality enhancement through comprehensive stakeholder engagement. Utilizing semi-structured interviews with 25 participants across five stakeholder categories, the research reveals significant operational improvements including a 35% reduction in clearance processing times and a 35.5% increase in stakeholder satisfaction scores. Findings demonstrate that standardized procedures enhance port operational efficiency while strengthening maritime vocational education integration. Beyond efficiency gains, the study highlights the role of SOPs in ensuring transparency, accountability, and consistency in port service delivery. Respondents emphasized that clear procedural guidelines reduce uncertainty, minimize conflicts between stakeholders, and establish a common framework for decision-making in dynamic operational contexts. Moreover, the integration of vocational education elements into procedural design strengthens workforce competencies, aligning training curricula with real-world port requirements and industry expectations. The study contributes both theoretically and practically by offering evidence-based frameworks that can be adopted by other Indonesian ports. It underscores the importance of combining procedural standardization with stakeholder collaboration to achieve sustainable improvements in maritime service quality. Overall, the findings establish replicable models for enhancing national port competitiveness and advancing maritime industry development through systematic procedural and operational innovation that ensures long-term sustainability and resilience.

This research employs a qualitative approach to investigate how corporate brand image shapes the quality of maritime services, using a comprehensive stakeholder perspective within the Indonesian shipping industry. The study adopts PT. Multi Jaya Samudra’s TB. Maiden Central operations as its focal case, gathering insights from maritime professionals, academic experts, and industry practitioners to better understand the interconnection between brand perception and service delivery. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 65 participants, followed by a thematic analysis to identify emerging patterns. The results highlight that corporate brand image plays a substantial role in influencing how service quality is perceived, with a positive correlation of 79.8% found between brand strength and customer satisfaction. Key themes emerging from the analysis include the enhancement of professional trust, the incorporation of educational elements into industry practices, and the promotion of operational excellence. A robust and reputable brand is shown to provide shipping companies with a distinct competitive edge, while also aligning with broader objectives such as sustainable maritime growth and the adoption of digital innovation. Beyond practical business value, the research enriches the field of maritime business management by presenting a stakeholder-driven framework for brand development, offering opportunities for the integration of industry-relevant curricula in maritime vocational education, and promoting sustainable transportation practices. These findings yield actionable implications for Indonesian shipping enterprises that aim to strengthen brand positioning, improve service performance, and remain competitive in an increasingly dynamic and environmentally conscious maritime sector.

The rapid development of affiliate marketing on social media necessitates strategies that effectively build audience trust and engagement. This study aims to analyze the application of visual storytelling and soft selling strategies in TikTok affiliate content, using a case study of 20 videos by Reizuka Ari. The research method employs qualitative content analysis, focusing on visual elements, personal narratives, audience interaction, and their relevance to engagement and trust building theories. The findings show that the use of personal visual storytelling, honest personal experience narratives, and soft selling without pressure significantly enhance emotional engagement and audience trust. Authentic testimonials, relevant captions and hashtags, as well as unobtrusive placement of affiliate links, maximize reach and conversion potential. These findings underscore the importance of content personalization in the success of affiliate marketing on short-video platforms like TikTok.

. The phenomenon of a potential megathrust earthquake predicted to occur in the coming years has raised widespread concern among the Indonesian public, particularly due to the high vulnerability of existing structures. In response to this issue, this study aims to analyze the structural capacity of buildings in resisting seismic forces and lateral loads, with a specific focus on factory structures. As a civil engineering student specializing in structural engineering, the objective of this research is to examine the behavior, performance, and potential failure patterns of building structures under earthquake loads. The research method employs pushover analysis as a tool for structural assessment, while the evaluation process refers to the guidelines outlined in ATC-40. The analysis results indicate that the factory structure is capable of withstanding a lateral load of 108,587.40 kN, with a controlled roof displacement of 1.5 meters. The structural performance level is categorized under the Damage Control (DO) stage, specifically at performance level SP-2, where the structure remains standing under lateral loads but experiences damage requiring repair before reuse. Furthermore, the failure patterns observed reveal a progressive performance of structural elements, shifting from condition B (Basic), IO (Immediate Occupancy), LS (Life Safety), C (Collapse Prevention), up to E (Extreme Damage). These findings highlight the importance of proper structural design and evaluation in enhancing resilience, ensuring safety, and minimizing potential risks from future megathrust earthquake events.

Tempoyak is a traditional fermented paste made from durian in Indonesia, favored by the Malay ethnic group. While tempoyak holds a unique and significant place in Indonesia's rich culinary diversity, there is a notable gap in research about it compared to other fermented foods such as kimchi. More investigation is essential to grasp the microbial composition, interactions, and possible health advantages of tempoyak, which may offer benefits like boosting the immune system, reducing cholesterol levels, exhibiting probiotic qualities, preservation, and possessing antibacterial effects. Researchers could also discover vital insights regarding the history, cultural significance, production methods, microbiological issues, nutritional aspects, and future prospects of local foods like tempoyak. This research intends to examine and study tempoyak as a traditional fermented food through comprehensive literature review and data from earlier investigations. Tempoyak has a strong connection to Malay cultural identity, regardless of its production location. As a key element of the daily practices of the Malay people in Indonesia, tempoyak is typically featured at cultural events, weddings, or large gatherings. This cultural importance sets Indonesian tempoyak apart from its Malaysian counterpart. The process of making tempoyak involves mashing the durian flesh, mixing in salt, and letting the combined mixture ferment in a sealed container at room temperature for 4 to 7 days. The microbial population in tempoyak can differ but mainly includes Lactobacillus species, particularly Lactobacillus plantarum. Proximate analysis is an effective approach to evaluate the nutritional makeup of tempoyak. Differences in nutrient levels may arise from the various types of durian, salt elements, sterilization periods, temperatures, and length of fermentation. Potential research opportunities could explore tempoyak’s role in fostering sustainable food practices, additional health benefits from its consumption, and the development of innovative products based on tempoyak. The aim of this study will enhance the field and aid in safeguarding and promoting the culinary heritage of the Malay community.

 Employee performance is one of the important elements that determine the success of an organization, especially in companies engaged in public services such as PT. PLN (Persero). This study was conducted to examine the effectiveness of providing incentives and motivation in improving employee performance at PT. PLN (Persero) Rayon Kuta, with the aim of providing strategic recommendations for management in formulating more optimal human resource management policies. The research method used is a quantitative approach with a survey technique, where data were collected by distributing questionnaires to 40 employees who were respondents. Data analysis was carried out using a regression test to determine the effect of each variable on employee performance. The results of the study revealed that incentives and motivation have a positive and significant effect on improving performance. Of the two variables, incentives provide a more dominant contribution to employee performance with a regression coefficient value of β = 0.576, while motivation provides a lower influence with a value of β = 0.241. In addition, the F-count value of 24.641 indicates a strong simultaneous influence of incentives and motivation on employee performance. These findings confirm that a well-designed incentive system, coupled with efforts to increase work motivation, can be an effective strategy for boosting employee productivity and performance. Therefore, management needs to prioritize fair, transparent, and target-oriented incentive policies, while also addressing intrinsic motivation to maintain sustainable performance.

Animated films are not only a medium of entertainment but also an effective tool for delivering moral, social, and educational values through innovative storytelling and engaging visual styles. In Indonesia, although many animated films are broadcast on national television, only a limited number originate from domestic creators. This condition highlights the need to strengthen local creative content that reflects Indonesia’s cultural and environmental identity. The present design project aims to develop an alternative television program in the form of a 2D animated film that emphasizes the preservation of Mentilin, an endemic animal of Bangka Island, while simultaneously serving as an educational medium for the local community. The research and design process employed a qualitative approach, focusing on data collection through observation, interviews, and literature review to identify effective strategies for socialization and education. The animation production of Mentilin, The Tiny Tarsier was carried out in three main stages: pre-production, including concept development and storyboarding; production, involving character design, background creation, and animation; and post-production, which covered editing, sound design, and final rendering. The preliminary evaluation indicated that the animation successfully captured local cultural elements and delivered messages about environmental awareness in an engaging manner. This design is expected not only to provide a creative educational platform for the community but also to contribute to the broader efforts of environmental preservation and the development of Indonesia’s animation industry. Furthermore, the program has the potential to be expanded as a replicable model for other regions in promoting endemic species conservation through creative media.

This study aims to analyze the implementation of Interpretation of Financial Accounting Standards (ISAK) 335 in the financial reporting of LP Ma’arif SMKS NU Pace Nganjuk as a non-profit entity. As an educational institution under a foundation, SMKS NU Pace is required to prepare financial statements that are transparent and accountable in accordance with applicable standards for non-profit entities. The research uses a descriptive qualitative approach with a case study method. Data were collected through interviews, observation, and documentation of existing financial reports. The findings indicate that the school has prepared reports such as BOS and BPOPP fund reports, as well as annual reports submitted to the foundation. However, the implementation of ISAK 335 remains basic and lacks detailed presentation. Key elements such as the classification of restricted and unrestricted net assets and disclosures in the Notes to Financial Statements (CALK) have not been fully understood or applied. The main obstacle is the limited technical understanding of ISAK 335 and the absence of specific accounting training for financial managers. It can be concluded that the implementation of ISAK 335 at LP Ma’arif SMKS NU Pace is still in its early stages and not yet optimal. Improving human resource capacity and establishing more standardized recording systems are essential.

This qualitative literature review explores the critical role of human resources (HR) in the success of digital transformation initiatives. The study highlights that digital transformation extends beyond technological adoption, requiring organizational cultural shifts and process reengineering. HR is pivotal in facilitating these changes through skill development, employee empowerment, and cross-departmental collaboration. Effective leadership and a clear strategic vision are essential to guide organizations through this transformation journey. Structured frameworks are necessary to ensure all elements harmoniously work towards achieving digital transformation goals. Despite providing valuable insights, this study is limited by its reliance on recent literature, potentially overlooking relevant older studies, and its qualitative nature, which may not be generalizable across all industries. Further research is needed to validate these findings across diverse organizational contexts.

This study examines the integration of Maqasid al-Sharia the objectives of Islamic law into contemporary sustainable development frameworks, focusing on how Islamic ethical principles can guide social, economic, and environmental sustainability. Maqasid al-Sharia traditionally aims to preserve five core elements: religion, life, intellect, progeny, and wealth, all of which contribute to human well being. The research explores how these principles can be adapted to address modern challenges such as poverty, inequality, and environmental degradation, highlighting the potential of Maqasid al-Sharia to align with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Key Islamic principles, including justice (ʿadl), public welfare (maṣlaḥah), and ecological stewardship (khilafah), provide a moral framework for sustainable development, ensuring that economic growth is achieved alongside social justice and environmental preservation. The study also examines the role of Islamic finance, particularly tools like Sukuk, Zakat, and Waqf, in promoting sustainability by funding social welfare projects and supporting environmental initiatives. By comparing Maqasid al-Sharia with secular sustainability models, the research underscores the importance of integrating ethical and spiritual accountability into sustainability efforts. While secular models often prioritize economic growth, Islamic sustainability frameworks emphasize the interconnectedness of human development, social justice, and ecological balance, offering a more holistic approach. The findings suggest that integrating Maqasid al-Sharia into policy and development frameworks can provide a comprehensive, ethically grounded approach to addressing global sustainability challenges. Future research should focus on empirical studies to assess the practical application of Maqasid al-Sharia in real world sustainable development projects and policy making, particularly in Muslim majority societies.

Anime has become a significant global phenomenon, including in Indonesia, where this culture has influenced various aspects of society. This article explores the impact of anime visual style in YouTube advertisements in Indonesia. The influence of anime on Indonesian society is also evident in the consumption trends of products related to Japanese culture. The involvement of Indonesian society with anime has also encouraged the emergence of various businesses and products that capitalize on the popularity of this culture. This study focuses on exploring the impact of anime visual style on consumer responses in the context of advertising through YouTube social media in Indonesia. The researcher will analyze how the use of anime elements in advertisements can influence consumer perceptions, whether through nostalgia, enjoyment, or aesthetic aspects, as well as how marketing strategies can be adjusted to maximize this effect. The research method uses content analysis of social media comments as research data. Three advertising samples were selected to represent the study. The results of the analysis show that the use of anime elements in advertisements for Pop Mie, McDonald's, and Pocari Sweat successfully attracted attention and created positive responses from consumers. The high quality of the animation and the use of anime visual styles created a strong emotional appeal, even influencing consumer behavior such as product preferences and interest in brands. In conclusion, the use of anime visual styles in Pop Mie, McDonald's, and Pocari Sweat advertisements demonstrates the success of a marketing strategy that utilizes the popularity of anime to attract attention and create emotional engagement. and influencing consumer behavior in Indonesia, as well as opening opportunities for more local anime production and strengthening positive brand image. This advertisement is not only an effective marketing tool, but also opens up opportunities for more local anime production and supports a positive brand image.