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Diabetes Mellitus is a metabolic disorder marked by hyperglycemia resulting from the body's failure to synthesize insulin. Nutritional therapy is effective in controlling glucose levels by providing low glycemic index and high in antioxidant foods, including sweet potatoes and red beans. The primary objective of this study was to elucidate the influence of wheat flour replacement with composite flour consisting of sweet potato and red bean flour on anthocyanin content and the sensory preferences of muffins. A single-factor completely randomized approach was used in this experimental investigation. The treatment involved substituting wheat flour with a composite flour consisting of sweet potato and red bean flours, in the following ratios: 30:20:50 (F1), 30:35:35 (F2), 30:50:20 (F3), and 100:0:0 (F0, control). Anthocyanin content was analyzed using the differential pH method, while sensory preferences were evaluated by 30 semi-trained panelists using a hedonic scale test. The results showed that substituting wheat flour with composite flour high in sweet potato content increased anthocyanin levels. However, the substitution of wheat flour generally reduced the overall sensory preference for muffins. Despite this, formulations with a higher proportion of sweet potato flour improved the preference scores. In conclusion, the substitution of wheat flour with composite flour rich in sweet potato increased anthocyanin content and improved sensory preferences for color, aroma, and taste in muffins

Handwashing with Soap (CTPS) is one of the key indicators of Clean and Healthy Living Behavior (PHBS) proven effective in preventing infectious diseases, especially among school-aged children. However, the practice of CTPS in Aceh Province remains low, only 30.8%, thus requiring educational interventions in elementary schools. This community service aimed to improve the knowledge, attitudes, and skills of students at MIS Pasi Jambu, Aceh Barat District, in practicing CTPS through strengthening the role of the School Health Program (UKS). The method used was a participatory approach with strategies including interactive lectures, discussions, demonstrations, and direct practice. The results showed a significant increase in students’ knowledge and skills in performing CTPS according to WHO standards. In addition, behavioral changes emerged, with students developing the habit of washing hands before meals and after activities, while UKS teachers were strengthened as facilitators of healthy behavior in schools. This activity successfully fostered collective awareness and the initial stage of social transformation towards a clean and healthy lifestyle in the school environment.

Exclusive breastfeeding is a key strategy to improve child health and nutrition, yet its practice in Indonesia remains suboptimal. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between husbands’ knowledge about exclusive breastfeeding and mothers’ motivation to breastfeed in Ie Masen Kayee Adang Village, Syiah Kuala District, Banda Aceh City. Using a cross-sectional design, data were collected from 50 husbands whose wives were breastfeeding infants aged 0–12 months through questionnaires distributed directly and via Google Form. The instrument’s validity and reliability were tested and met the required standards. Data were analyzed using the Chi-Square test. The results showed that most husbands had a high level of knowledge (68%), and most mothers demonstrated high motivation to breastfeed (64%). The Chi-Square analysis indicated a significant relationship between husbands’ knowledge and mothers’ motivation (p = 0.039). These findings suggest that involving husbands as active partners in health promotion and breastfeeding education programs can increase maternal motivation and improve exclusive breastfeeding practices. This study highlights the importance of family-centered interventions to strengthen breastfeeding support and enhance maternal and child health outcomes.

This research is motivated by the phenomenon of low self-esteem experienced by some students of Sufism and Psychotherapy at UIN Raden Intan Lampung, particularly due to feelings of insecurity regarding their physical appearance. This condition often stems from a lack of self-confidence that arises from the beginning, especially related to the chosen study program. Students who feel insecure about their academic choices tend to experience feelings of insecurity that impact various aspects of life, particularly physical appearance. They feel different and less confident, which ultimately affects their self-acceptance and self-esteem. Consequently, this condition contributes to a decline in low self-esteem. The method used is descriptive qualitative, with data collection through observation, in-depth interviews, and questionnaires. Participants were selected using purposive sampling based on criteria of low self-esteem related to feelings of insecurity about appearance. The results of the study indicate that the understanding of gratitude is not merely an expression of outward thanks, but it forms a deep inner awareness of divine wisdom in various circumstances. Students who internalize the understanding of gratitude tend to be more capable of self-acceptance, reducing feelings of insecurity, and building a positive outlook on their existence. The understanding of gratitude strengthens inner peace, enhances self-confidence, and motivates comprehensive self-improvement. These findings affirm that the understanding of gratitude is an effective spiritual approach to addressing low self-esteem and can serve as a relevant mentoring model for students.

The rapid advancement of digital collaboration platforms has reshaped the way organizations manage communication, motivation, and performance. Microsoft Teams, as one of the most widely adopted tools, provides integrated features for real-time messaging, virtual meetings, and document sharing that enable employees to collaborate more effectively. This study aims to explore the impact of Microsoft Teams on communication, motivation, and employee performance at the Pratama Tax Service Office (KPP) in Langsa. A quantitative research design was applied using a survey method, with data collected through pretest and posttest questionnaires. The study involved a total population of 89 employees, of which 81 valid responses were analyzed. Data processing was carried out with SPSS version 25 to compare employee conditions before and after the use of Microsoft Teams. The findings reveal that the adoption of Microsoft Teams contributes to more effective communication, enhances employee motivation by simplifying coordination and task management, and improves overall performance. These results highlight the potential of digital collaboration platforms to strengthen organizational effectiveness, particularly in government institutions that require efficiency, transparency, and adaptability in their operations. The study further implies that maximizing the use of digital platforms can support long-term organizational goals in the context of ongoing digital transformation.

Toraja woven fabric is a significant cultural heritage of the Indonesian archipelago, known for its high artistic value and immense potential as a regional leading product. Despite this, challenges remain, particularly in terms of human resource management, which tends to be relatively simple, and the limited use of digital media in marketing. To address these issues, a Community Service Program (PKM) was implemented with the goal of enhancing the human resource capacity at the UNNONI Weaving Center, as well as expanding its marketing reach through the utilization of digital media. The methods employed in the program included identifying the core problems, providing HR management training, conducting digital marketing workshops (focusing on social media and online marketplaces), mentoring, and evaluating the program’s outcomes. The HR management training emphasized improving business management, task distribution, production recording, and enhancing teamwork. The digital marketing training covered the creation of social media accounts, content creation using Canva, branding strategies, and utilizing online marketplaces for promotion. The results indicated a significant improvement in both management and marketing aspects. The HR at the weaving center began implementing more organized production records, work coordination improved, and the UNNONI social media accounts became actively used for promotional purposes. Additionally, the Shopee marketplace was utilized, allowing consumers from outside the region to purchase products. These results demonstrate the successful integration of traditional craftsmanship with modern digital tools to enhance business sustainability and reach

This study aims to examine the practice of kesah as an effort to control oneself in the Persaudaraan Setia Hati Terate (PSHT) Branch of Pulau Panggung Regency, Tanggamus and to examine it from the perspective of moral Sufism. Kesah in the context of PSHT is not only a form of physical or spiritual exercise, but also a manifestation of the process of tazkiyatun nafs (purification of the soul) to achieve noble morals. This study uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive qualitative type. Data collection techniques are carried out through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. and documentation. The results of the study indicate that the practice of kesah is a means to train patience, reduce anger, and strengthen self-control of PSHT members in facing life's challenges. From the perspective of moral Sufism, kesah reflects the process of internalizing values ​​such as patience, humility, and sincerity which contribute to the formation of a balanced spiritual personality. Thus, kesah is not only part of self-defense training, but also a method of developing the soul towards a person with noble morals in accordance with the teachings of moral Sufism.  

This research was conducted with the aim of optimizing the assignment of working hours in the Procurement Division of PT. Pelindo Multi Terminal through the application of the Hungarian method. The fundamental problem faced is the imbalance between the number of permanent workers and the high workload that must be completed, thus creating a risk of inefficiency in the operational process. To address this problem, a quantitative approach was used with linear programming modeling techniques designed to produce a more systematic and measurable assignment allocation. Through the analysis conducted, an optimal solution was obtained regarding the distribution of working hours, where the total working time can be reduced to 10,120 minutes per month, lower than the previously set maximum limit of 10,560 minutes per month. These results indicate that the application of the Hungarian method is not only able to reduce excessive workloads on some employees, but also ensures a more proportional distribution of assignments among all available workers. In addition, this method can increase operational effectiveness because each worker receives a load according to their capacity, so that the risk of fatigue or decreased performance can be minimized. The findings of this study confirm that the Hungarian method is an alternative work scheduling strategy that is efficient to be applied in industrial environments with high task complexity. Proper implementation can also support the achievement of overall company productivity, improve the quality of human resource management, and strengthen the company's competitiveness in facing future operational challenges.

Chat Generative Pretrained Transformer (ChatGPT) has rapidly gained popularity and is increasingly utilized across various fields, including education, where it plays a significant role as a supporting tool for academic tasks. In the educational context, ChatGPT can assist students in preparing and completing a wide range of assignments, providing quick access to structured information and alternative perspectives. This study was designed to explore the views of both students and lecturers on the integration of ChatGPT in academic activities, specifically as a support system for handling student assignments. Employing a descriptive qualitative approach, data were collected through interviews with 5 students and 6 lecturers from the Business Education Study Program at the State University of Surabaya. The findings reveal contrasting yet complementary perspectives. From the students’ point of view, ChatGPT offers considerable benefits, particularly in enhancing independence, efficiency, and time management when working on lecture assignments. However, these advantages are accompanied by drawbacks, such as decreased creativity, reduced critical thinking, and diminished interest in consulting traditional learning resources like books. On the other hand, lecturers acknowledge the usefulness of ChatGPT in simplifying student work and accelerating the completion of assignments but express concerns regarding the overreliance on artificial intelligence, which could potentially hinder the development of essential academic skills. Overall, the research suggests that while ChatGPT presents valuable opportunities to enhance learning processes, it must be applied thoughtfully, with careful guidance from educators to balance efficiency with the cultivation of creativity, critical thinking, and academic integrity.

This research explores self-confidence in early childhood, focusing on children aged 5–6 years at TK Pembina Ki Hajar Dewantara. Self-confidence is recognized as an essential part of affective development, influencing personality formation, social-emotional competence, and readiness to face life’s challenges. The study applied a descriptive quantitative design with five children from group B as participants. Data collection was carried out through observation using structured assessment instruments to identify indicators of self-confidence, such as performing in front of others, leading simple tasks, expressing opinions, and engaging in role-play activities. Findings showed that all subjects obtained an average score of 4, categorized as Very Well Developed (BSB). These results indicate that the children displayed strong belief in themselves, decision-making ability, and emotional stability when interacting with others. The study further highlights the significant contribution of teachers and parents in nurturing children’s confidence by providing guidance, encouragement, recognition, and creative learning strategies, including role-play and artistic activities. Consequently, building self-confidence from an early stage is a critical foundation for ensuring children’s success academically and socially.

Employee performance is a crucial factor in supporting a company's success, particularly in the tourism sector, which demands optimal human resource quality. Factors such as work motivation, work environment, and work discipline are believed to significantly influence employee performance. However, the extent to which these three factors contribute to improved employee performance in tourism companies still requires empirical research. This study aims to determine the partial effect of work motivation, work environment, and work discipline on employee performance at PT. Wisata Titiannusantara Pelangi. The study population comprised all 40 employees, with the sampling technique using the saturation method (sampling the entire population). Data analysis was performed using multiple linear regression processed using SPSS version 22. The results show that work motivation has a positive and significant effect on employee performance, meaning that the higher an employee's motivation, the better their performance. The work environment also proved to have a positive and significant effect on performance, indicating that a comfortable and supportive work environment can improve employee performance. Furthermore, work discipline has a positive and significant effect on employee performance, indicating that discipline in carrying out tasks contributes significantly to achieving optimal work results. Overall, this study confirms that motivation, work environment, and work discipline are important factors that must be considered by management in efforts to improve employee performance, especially in companies operating in the tourism sector.

In the era of globalization, the rapid development of information technology has brought significant changes in the way people access and convey information. The presence of the Internet and social media has proven that global networks enable interaction and information exchange to occur in real time without geographical boundaries. One phenomenon arising from this development is social media, which has become a virtual space for individuals and companies to communicate directly, personally, and interactively. One of the most popular social media platforms today is Instagram, a platform that is now widely utilized by businesses, including those in the culinary industry, to build a strong brand image amid intense competition. This study focuses on the Instagram account @tastea.ig, which makes use of visual content, interactive features, and the comment section to maintain emotional connections and consumer trust. The purpose of this research is to analyze the interaction strategies of the @tastea.ig account in maintaining a positive brand image in the eyes of its followers. Instagram’s visual-centric nature allows businesses to showcase their products in an aesthetically appealing manner, drawing attention from potential customers. The strategic use of high-quality images, videos, and stories not only highlights the brand’s offerings but also creates a lifestyle around the product. @tastea.ig effectively uses these features to build an engaging presence, showing its products in an appealing and relatable context. In addition to visuals, Instagram’s interactive features such as polls, quizzes, and direct messaging foster a sense of community and direct engagement with followers. By involving followers in decision-making or seeking their opinions, @tastea.ig strengthens its relationship with its audience, making them feel valued and heard.

This research is motivated by the increasing cases of sexual harassment in the university environment which has a serious impact on the psychological condition of victims and the academic climate as a whole. Universities that are supposed to be safe spaces for learning and development are often places where serious violations of human dignity occur. The establishment of the Task Force for the Prevention and Handling of Sexual Violence (Satgas PPKS) is an important step by the government to provide protection, assistance, and a more structured complaint mechanism for victims of sexual violence. This study aims to examine the criminal acts of sexual harassment in universities as well as analyze the role and countermeasures carried out by the PPKS Task Force in handling these cases. The research methods used are normative juridical approaches and empirical juridical approaches. The normative approach is carried out by analyzing relevant laws and regulations, such as the Sexual Violence Crime Law and university regulations related to the prevention of sexual violence. Meanwhile, an empirical approach is carried out through observation and analysis of the implementation of the tasks of the PPKS Task Force in the campus environment. The results of the study show that the PPKS Task Force plays a significant role in providing psychosocial support for victims, conducting socialization related to the prevention of sexual violence, and enforcing anti-sexual violence policies in universities. In addition, the PPKS Task Force also implements various programs such as gender awareness training, legal assistance, and building a complaint system that is more accessible to students. The implications of this study confirm the importance of education and increasing awareness among the academic community regarding the issue of sexual harassment.

The high consumer interest in food makes culinary businesses play a crucial role in meeting consumer purchasing interest in culinary. This is a crucial concern and task for all parties, both the government and food producers, to maintain the safety of the food they produce. Both in terms of nutrition, hygiene, safety, halal certification, and so on must be a serious concern for producers. One of the government's programs to ensure food products are safe for public consumption is by issuing distribution permits in the form of PIRT (home industry food) permits and Halal Certification, which are official guarantees from the government, so that food products can be distributed and are safe for consumption by all consumers. PIRT is issued through a supervisory body, namely the Health Office located in a Regency. Along with this, various opportunities to improve marketing performance arise through the marketplace platform. This community service approach uses an empowerment approach to the benefits of PIRT, Halal Certification and digital marketing through the marketplace platform to increase consumer trust in products and marketing performance. Through this service, the product value increases, by obtaining PIRT permits and Halal Certification, and the STIE Gentiaras student product has a wider marketing reach through the marketplace platform.

Art education plays a crucial role in preserving and developing local cultural heritage, including batik. This study aims to examine the role of art education at SMK Negeri 4 Palangkaraya in supporting the preservation and development of batik culture. The focus of the study was on the learning process in the Batik and Textile Creative Crafts Program, specifically for eleventh-grade students. This study employed a qualitative approach with case study and descriptive methods. Data collection techniques included analysis of learning documents, in-depth interviews with teachers and students, and direct observation of learning and practical activities. The results indicate that the art learning process at this school focuses not only on technical skills in batik but also integrates rich cultural content, such as the history of batik, the philosophical values within motifs, and the role of batik in local cultural identity. Through this approach, students are equipped not only with technical skills but also with a deep understanding of the cultural values inherent in batik. Furthermore, student involvement in hands-on activities and community-based projects provides space for innovation. They are encouraged to create contemporary batik designs that remain rooted in traditional motifs but are adapted to contemporary tastes. This activity also fosters a sense of ownership of cultural heritage and fosters creativity and independence. Thus, arts education at SMK Negeri 4 Palangkaraya has proven to play a strategic role in maintaining the sustainability of batik culture. More than just skills training, arts education is an effective means of building cultural awareness, fostering innovation, and strengthening local identity among the younger generation.

This study aims to optimize the cake production profit at Cake by Cece using the Branch and Bound algorithm. The data used include raw material requirements per batch, daily raw material availability, and selling prices for three types of cakes: Cookies, Brownies, and Cinnamon Roll. The optimization model is formulated as an Integer Linear Programming problem with the objective of maximizing total daily profit. The model is solved using the simplex method followed by the Branch and Bound algorithm to obtain valid integer solutions. The results indicate that the optimal production combination is 2 batches of Cookies, 2 batches of Brownies, and 3 batches of Cinnamon Roll, yielding a maximum profit of IDR 233,000 per day. This solution satisfies all raw material constraints and is feasible for daily operational implementation. This study provides quantitative recommendations to support production decision-making in culinary sector MSMEs.

This study investigates the influence of an online attendance system and digital literacy on teacher discipline and performance in elementary schools. A quantitative explanatory research approach was employed to provide empirical evidence regarding these relationships. The research population consisted of 170 elementary school teachers in Bojong District, Pekalongan Regency, who were selected using proportional stratified random sampling to ensure representativeness. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire using a 5-point Likert scale, and analyzed with Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) through the Partial Least Squares (PLS-SEM) approach using SmartPLS 4.0 software. The measurement model evaluation demonstrated strong reliability and validity across all constructs. Cronbach’s Alpha values ranged between 0.820 and 0.872, Composite Reliability between 0.881 and 0.911, and Average Variance Extracted (AVE) between 0.649 and 0.718. Discriminant validity was confirmed based on both the Fornell-Larcker Criterion and the Heterotrait-Monotrait Ratio (HTMT). The structural model showed good predictive relevance with a Goodness-of-Fit (GoF) value of 0.366, indicating a large effect. Hypothesis testing results supported all proposed relationships. Digital literacy was found to positively influence teacher performance, while the online attendance system significantly affected both teacher discipline and teacher performance. Furthermore, teacher discipline was proven to have a positive effect on teacher performance. Mediation testing revealed that teacher discipline acted as a significant partial mediator in the relationships between digital literacy, online attendance systems, and teacher performance. The findings provide empirical validation for the Task-Technology Fit Theory and the TPACK Framework in the context of educational human resource management. This study confirms that digital transformation, through strengthening digital literacy and online systems, represents an effective strategy to improve teacher professionalism and enhance academic quality in elementary schools.  

This study aims to gain an in-depth understanding of the implementation of bread product quality control in the Pastry Section of Harris Hotel & Conventions Bundaran Satelit Surabaya, covering four main aspects: raw materials, production process, storage, and presentation. Furthermore, this study focuses on understanding the Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) for bread production operations and the level of implementation of these SOPs in daily work practices. The research method used is descriptive qualitative, with data collection techniques through direct field observation, interviews with pastry section staff, and documentation related to bread production activities. The results show that bread product quality control is carried out comprehensively. In the initial stage, raw material selection is carried out strictly to ensure quality, freshness, and food safety. The production process is carried out according to standard procedures, paying attention to equipment cleanliness, processing techniques, and timeliness, resulting in products that are consistent in taste and texture. The storage stage is also carried out hygienically with a system for arranging ingredients and finished products that pay attention to temperature, humidity, and cleanliness of the storage room. In the final stage, bread is served with good aesthetic standards while maintaining food safety aspects, thus adding value to the hotel guest experience. The bread production operational SOP has been systematically developed and serves as an important reference for all pastry section employees in carrying out their daily tasks. Employee compliance with the SOP is high, although challenges remain, such as limited trainee skills and delays in raw material supplies from suppliers. These challenges can usually be overcome through direct supervision, internal training, and good communication with material suppliers. Overall, the implementation of quality control and bread production SOPs at Harris Hotel & Conventions Bundaran Satelit Surabaya has been running smoothly and consistently.

This study investigated the implementation and effectiveness of Task-Based Language Teaching (TBLT) in enhancing the English reading skills of tenth-grade students at an Indonesian senior high school. The research was motivated by the persistent gap left by traditional language teaching methods, which frequently emphasize grammatical accuracy and vocabulary memorization while often neglecting the development of practical reading abilities. To address this issue, the study systematically examined the application of TBLT through three structured phases: pre-reading, main reading, and post-reading tasks. Each phase was designed to promote active learning, critical thinking, and student engagement in the reading process. The methodology involved classroom observations, task-based instructional activities, and an analysis of student exam scores as the primary indicators of progress. During the pre-reading phase, students were encouraged to activate prior knowledge and predict content, which helped build contextual understanding. In the main reading phase, tasks focused on developing essential reading strategies such as skimming for general ideas and scanning for specific information. 

Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) is a systematic effort aimed at protecting workers from the risks of accidents and work-related diseases. The implementation of OHS integrated with risk management helps identify, evaluate, and control potential hazards effectively in the workplace. This study was conducted at PT. Sarana Sampit Mentaya Utama, Balikpapan Branch, a company engaged in asphalt production. The main objectives of this research were to identify potential hazards, determine appropriate control measures, and evaluate the role of the Job Safety Analysis (JSA) method in supporting OHS. The research method used is JSA, which involves identifying each work step, determining the likelihood and severity of risks, and calculating the risk rating to assess the level of risk. The results showed that there are three potential hazards with a medium-risk category, namely in the activities of raw material mixing, quality control, and asphalt distribution. Additionally, three potential hazards with a low-risk category were found in the processes of raw material weighing, raw material transfer, and pump line valve opening. Recommended control measures to reduce risks include the use of appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) for each task, improving work facilities and infrastructure, and implementing proper load lifting procedures. The application of JSA has proven effective in raising the company's awareness of potential risks in the workplace. This has led to the implementation of better preventive measures, ultimately contributing to the creation of a safer, healthier, and more productive work environment. Therefore, the integration of OHS with risk management at PT. Sarana Sampit Mentaya Utama plays a significant role in safeguarding the safety and well-being of workers.