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The increasing use of social media in society, especially among teenagers, shows significant technological advances. The easier access to the Internet and social networks, the negative impacts of globalization especially afflict many young people who exhibit violent, pragmatic, desperate, selfish, and hopeless behavior. The cyberspace industry creates a young generation that is passive, does not think critically, is negatively reconciled, and is not creative. Positive campaigns on social media and active participation of the younger generation in sharing positive experiences and stories about their homeland can be a catalyst for building a positive atmosphere in the digital realm.  In writing this article, the author used two methods, namely, interviews and literature studies. In the interview method, the author interviewed several sources to find out their knowledge and opinions about the national vision. Then by using the literature study method, the author sources his data through books, and other scientific articles related to the national vision.

Protecting Sustainable Food Agricultural Land as an effort to prevent conversion of wetlands and protect farmers' rights is difficult. However, the real effort is to establish strict regulations. In some contexts, there are still several weaknesses in the policies taken by the government in protecting land. Moreover, in its implementation, potential conflicts of interest between regional governments who base their reasons on regional autonomy and the central government who want to protect food agricultural land could occur.  

Euthanasia, a topic that sparks debate, is a controversial action from both Islamic and medical perspectives. In Islam, honoring human life is considered a paramount value, as emphasized in the Qur'an. Therefore, the practice of euthanasia is seen as incompatible with religious values. In medical practice, ethical codes provide moral guidance emphasizing the importance of protecting human life, thus making this practice also conflicting with these principles. Although some argue that euthanasia can end unbearable suffering, Islamic views stress the importance of preserving human life without hastening death. Therefore, in Indonesia, with a majority Muslim population, euthanasia practices are prohibited based on religious values and applicable laws.

Analysis of environmental impacts and environmental law are one unit so that humans, when carrying out development, do not damage the territory or environment where creatures live side by side. The aim of this research is to determine the role of environmental impact analysis and environmental law in environmental management in Indonesia. The method used in this writing, namely the normative juridical method, is research aimed at finding and formulating legal arguments through analysis of the subject matter by conducting research based on literature and analyzing primary legal materials and secondary materials which is carried out by studying statutory regulations and literature. others in the form of books, journals, research results related to problems, namely the Role of Environmental Impact Analysis and Environmental Law in Damaging Environmental Management in Indonesia. Preventive environmental law enforcement aims to prevent environmental damage and/or pollution. Regulations regarding environmental protection and enforcement are contained in Law Number 32 of 2009.

In today's digital age, cybersecurity resilience is an urgent need. Organizations around the world face increasingly complex and rapidly changing threats. Given these challenges, it can damage national values. Risk-based security management has emerged as an effective way to improve cybersecurity resilience. The purpose of this study is to investigate how the implementation of risk-based security controls can improve cybersecurity resilience in the Company's environment based on the perspective of the 1945 Constitution.This study employs content analysis method to investigate policies, security practices, and incidents that occur at Valve Corporation in the context of cyber security. The research findings indicate that Valve Corporation has adopted various security strategies and technologies to protect their data and infrastructure from cyberattacks. However, there are still challenges such as evolving security threats and the complexity of global networks that require continuous updates in their security strategies.From the perspective of the 1945 Constitution, cyber security at Valve Corporation is also related to the protection of individual rights, information openness, and national technological independence. Therefore, companies need to consider national values in designing their security policies to ensure effective data protection while complying with relevant regulations.This research makes a valuable contribution to the understanding of the importance of risk-based security management in improving cyber security resilience, as well as providing practical guidance for organizations looking to improve their security strategies based on nationality values in the face of evolving threats in the digital world.

This research aims to determine the teaching competence of Civic Education teachers in terms of their Mood Swing in teaching at Budisatrya Medan High School. The method used is a qualitative method with a descriptive-analytic approach, by collecting data through interviews with students and teachers, as well as observations in the school environment. The results of the research show that teachers at Budi Satrya High School Medan have quite fluctuating moods. Factors that influence teachers’ mood swings , both internal factors (health conditions, personal problems, and stress levels) and external factors (class conditions, support from the school, and work pressure), have a significant impact on decreasing motivation, creativity, and teacher performance in teaching during the learning process. Changes in a teacher’s mood are influenced by various factors, such as health conditions, personal problems, and dynamics in the classroom. It is hoped that this research can contribute to the development of knowledge of civic education teachers’ teaching competencies in terms of their mood swings in teaching at school

In the 21st century, the acquisition of English as a second language is very important for a group of children in Walal Village who are currently studying at elementary school. This is useful for supporting 6 skills of 21st century education, namely critical thinking, communication, creativity, collaboration, culture and connectivity. Walal Village is one of the model villages in Sorong Regency which has a high enthusiasm for creating the latest breakthroughs, especially in the field of education. Walal Village is located in Salawati District which must be traveled 35 kilometers from Sorong City. Thus, access to information related to education is very limited for children in Walal Village. In this case, students of the Community Service Lecture (KPM) at the Muhammadiyah Sorong Education University provided one month of English literacy assistance for the children of Kampung Walal community. The aim of this assistance is an effort to empower Human Resources (HR) through a community empowerment program for English language learning guidance.  This English literacy assistance is very important to provide to Walal Village children who are already aware of the importance of English around them. This program is also related to the description of the Walal Village Government's vision and mission in developing human resources in terms of quality education. English literacy assistance includes acquiring English, processing language in the form of remembering and memorizing words or terms, and understanding meanings that can be applied to listening, reading, speaking and writing skill activities. The efforts of this English literacy assistance are to change the mindset of the children of Walal Village that learning English is fun, regardless of age, and affordable. In fact, through mentoring, children in Walal Village experience changes in knowledge and attitudes during the English literacy process.

The problem in this research is that there is still a lack of nutritional intake such as milk provided by LPKA Class II Batam, this is due to a lack of budget. The aim of this research is to find out how children's food is implemented in fulfilling children's nutrition and providing milk to children at LPKA Class II Batam. The type of research approach used is empirical juridical, where research uses legal aspects (observation with reality in the field). Based on the results of this research, it can be concluded that the implementation of providing milk for assisted children is still not going well, namely that assisted children are only given milk according to their needs and these children do not even receive milk regularly. This is because the budget given to LPKA Class II Batam is inadequate to provide milk to the children assisted regularly and comprehensively. To comply with the Minister of Law and Human Rights Regulation, the LPKA Class II Batam has provided food to children in accordance with Minister of Law and Human Rights Regulation Number 40 of 2017 concerning Guidelines for Food Administration. For Prisoners, Children and Prisoners. Assisted children are given food 3 times a day and the food provided contains good nutrition

State Administrative Law is a legal regulation regarding administration in a country, where the relationship between citizens and their government can run well and safely. In forest management, the need for permits is based on absolute legal provisions which have aspects that must be fulfilled beforehand and regarding the boundaries of each activity in managing forests, the government agrees to supervise them based on Law no. 41 of 1999 concerning Forestry Article 31 paragraph (1) To ensure the principles of justice, equity and sustainability, forest utilization business permits are limited by considering forest sustainability aspects and business certainty aspects. The aim of the research is to determine aspects of forest management. The research method used in this research is literature study by collecting data through articles, the web, books and other sources. The results of the discussion of this research are that forest utilization business permits are limited by considering forest sustainability aspects and business certainty aspects, where these aspects are determinants in managing forests which have been considered previously. The meaning of forest sustainability aspects and business certainty is contained in Article 31 Paragraph (1). What is meant by forest sustainability aspects includes: a. environmental sustainability, b. production sustainability, and c. implementation of social and cultural functions that are fair, even and transparent.  What is meant by aspects of business certainty include: a. area certainty, b. certainty of business time, and c. certainty of business legal guarantees.

This article discusses political leadership with a focus on the meaning of political leadership, legitimacy, structure and function of political leadership and also political leadership succession in democratic countries. The research method uses literature study or literature review. And also in collecting data, we used the Library Research method in the form of (books) and Internet Searching in the form of articles relevant to the theme created as reference material for writers. Furthermore, the aim of writing is to explain the concept of political leadership comprehensively. By referring to political leadership theories, and also providing a better understanding of the phenomenon of political leadership. Even though there are limitations in references and knowledge, the author hopes for constructive feedback and suggestions from readers to improve quality. So the author hopes to provide benefits for readers in understanding more about political leadership and also our reflections if we want to become leaders in the future.

This paper examines the evolution of regional governance in Indonesia since the reform era, beginning with the replacement of Law Number 5 of 1974 by Law Number 22 of 1999, and its subsequent revision into Law Number 32 of 2004. These legal reforms reflect the nation's efforts to balance centralization and decentralization, with the principle of checks and balances as a foundational element. The article highlights the central role of the Regional People's Representative Council (DPRD) in the formation of regional regulations (Perda), oversight functions, and budget determination. Through literature research, this paper demonstrates that the DPRD holds strategic authority in regional legislation, involving the planning, drafting, discussion, and ratification of Perda. In conclusion, the DPRD plays a crucial role in establishing a democratic and accountable regional governance system in Indonesia.

The environment is a place where living things grow and develop including humans, therefore the environment needs to be considered properly and preserved. The purpose of this study is to determine the role of environmental law in environmental management in Indonesia. The method used in this writing is the normative juridical method, which is research aimed at finding and formulating legal arguments through analysis of the subject matter by conducting literature-based research and analyzing primary legal materials and secondary materials carried out by studying legislation and other literature in the form of books, journals, research results related to the problem, namely the Role of Environmental Law in Environmental Management Damage in Indonesia. Preventive environmental law enforcement aims to prevent environmental damage and/or pollution. Regulations regarding environmental protection and enforcement are contained in Law Number 32 of 2009. This law regulates the protection and management of the environment systematically to achieve environmental balance and human welfare as a unit.

The case of dishonorable dismissal for committing a criminal act of office crime shows a significant problem in government governance. This case developed from the Plaintiff being a level III civil servant based on the governor's decree, and then being appointed Secretary of the District DPKD. Based on the regent's decision, Sijunjung was placed in the BPKD functional position. Then the plaintiff was dishonorably dismissed because he was involved in a corruption case and was also deemed to have violated Pancasila and the 1945 Republic of Indonesia Constitution. has permanent legal force. In this case, several functions of state administrative law in creating good governance are really needed, including normative functions, instrumental functions and legal guarantee functions, all three of which are part of the application to create a clean government, in accordance with the principles of the rule of law.    

As the main source of law in Islam, the Qur'an has described various types of criminal offenses and their punishments, which are called Jarimah. This is relevant to the aim of enacting God's laws on this earth for the benefit and happiness of humans themselves. The provisions of sanctions that Allah gives to the perpetrator of the abuse are not intended to take revenge for what he has done, but rather to fulfill the rights of Allah and the rights of the persecuted family as a form of justice, providing a deterrent effect and protecting the public. As amukallaf, humans should obey and submit to the sharia rules that Allah has established in the Qur'an in order to be safe from sanctions both in this world and in the afterlife. The crime of theft is a violation of social norms, both state legal norms and religious norms. Any religion does not justify its followers stealing, because it will be detrimental to the victim and social order (Iqbal, 2021). In the Indonesian Criminal Code, the crime of theft is written in the Criminal Code (KUHP), Volume XXII II, Articles 362-367, Crime of Property, which has various types and sanctions for theft. (Lutfi, Kurniaty, Basri, & Krisnan, 2022). According to crime statistics published by BAPPENAS, the level of property crime or theft in Indonesia increased during 2012-2013, with 25,036 cases in 2012 and 25,593 in 2013. (Aeni, 2021). If we look at other countries, countries that follow the rules of Islamic law, namely Saudi Arabia, the application and provisions of this country's laws are derived from the rules of the Islamic religion, which uses the Koran and Hadith as sources of law. to take the law. According to the Arab Social Defense Organization, Saudi Arabia has much lower rates of property or theft than in Arab countries such as Syria, Sudan, Egypt, Iraq, Lebanon and Kuwait, which do not implement Islamic criminal law. The rate of property crime or theft in these six countries is much higher, namely 650 times higher than Saudi Arabia. (Fitrah, 2021). The problem is that ordinary people do not have a deep understanding of Islamic criminal law. People will only feel that Islamic criminal law fines are sadistic, inhumane and violate human rights. It is believed that any theft must be sanctioned, or the punishment is amputation, although certain conditions must be met in Islamic law for amputation to be punishable. (Muhammad Wahyu, 2018). The Indonesian Criminal Code and Criminal Code have different legal systems and sanctions for perpetrators of theftAbstracts consist of abstracts in English and abstracts in Indonesian. The abstract uses Garamond letters (10 pt) with a word count of 150 to 300 words. Abstracts must be concise, clear and complete. The abstract must contain the research objectives, methods, results (findings) and recommendations.

Islamic criminal law is one part of Islamic law that originates from the Qur’an, Hadith, and ijtihad of scholars. Legislation of Islamic criminal law in terms of its application, there are pros and cons responses from the public in countries that adhere to a secular legal system. In Indonesia, Islamic criminal law legislation is not universally applied, but there are several aspects and provisions that have been accommodated into positive law, and only applied in areas with certain special autonomy authority, such as Aceh. In several Muslim countries, Islamic criminal law is strictly and thoroughly applied, namely in Saudi Arabia, Iran, Libya, Pakistan, and Sudan. In addition, some other Muslim countries that apply Islamic criminal law flexibly are Malaysia, Egypt, Syria, Iraq, Jordan, Tunisia, and Algeria. The purpose of this research is to analyze the legislation of Islamic criminal law in Indonesia and Muslim countries. The research method used is qualitative method by conducting literature study on various sources and relevant data. The result of the research shows that the legislation of Islamic criminal law in several Muslim-majority countries is implemented in various ways, such as strict and overall, flexible, gradual, developing, or only applied in certain cases.  

This research article has the title "Dynamics of Environmental Law in the Concept of Development and Implementation of Sustainable Development in Indonesia." The research method used in writing this article is a qualitative method with a normative juridical approach. The data that will be used is relevant data from a book, scientific article, news or other written sources. The sources of data collection are related to the titles studied, both from primary legal materials and secondary legal materials. This research aims to find out the concept of sustainable development, how to realize sustainable development goals and implement environmental law enforcement. The results of this research are that people tend to carry out activities that are detrimental to the environment to fulfill their interests. Therefore, it is necessary to take into account the impact of any sustainable development on the environment. In order for the implementation of sustainable development to be achieved, all development needs to have environmental permits and enforce environmental laws.

In early March 2024, black oil waste was found along the shores of Bintan Island in the Riau Islands Province. This is not the first time an oil spill has been discovered on Bintan Island; such incidents recur annually. This article discusses the legal policies of the applicable maritime law convention related to this case, as well as the environmental restoration mechanisms due to oil spills in marine waters. This research adopts a juridical-normative approach, employing the Statute Approach. Data analysis is conducted qualitatively, using secondary data sources, and employing legal document analysis and literature study methods. UNCLOS provides a strong legal foundation for countries to preserve and protect the marine environment, including actions in response to oil spills. The legal provisions discussed in this article are Article 1 Paragraph (4), Article 192, Article 193, Article 233, Article 220, and Article 230 of UNCLOS 1982, covering definitions, state obligations and autonomy, the role of states, enforcement authority, and compensation obligations. The primary objective in the initial emergency response is to control the movement of the oil as much as possible and minimize its toxic impact on the marine environment. Various methods that can be chosen include in-situ burning, oil dispersants, using absorbents, and bioremediation. After cleaning the oil from the waters, attention shifts to rehabilitating the affected ecosystem, involving restoration steps such as restoring natural habitats and replanting marine vegetation, with collaboration between the government, community, and local entities for positive future impacts.  

This research tries to analyze the influence of President Jokowi in the decision of Case number 90/PUU-XXI/2023 regarding the minimum age of presidential candidates and vice presidential candidates. We know that President Jokowi's name has recently become a topic of conversation, with rumors that he wants to nominate his son. became vice president, but in this case President Jokowi experienced a constitutional obstacle, namely that his son, Gibran, was still 36 years old. Who cannot be nominated because the requirement to become vice president in the 2024 presidential election must be 40 years old. This is an obstacle for President Jokowi to nominate his son to be vice president, who according to rumors has emerged as a pair with Prabowo Subianto. This research tries to understand how much influence there is in political intervention on the State Administration system and the influence of the family in the Constitutional Court's decision Number 90/PUU-XXI/2023. The results of the research show that the Constitutional Court's decision regarding the age limit for presidential and vice presidential candidates in October 2023 is a judicial decision that shows the family's interests because first, the discussion of the judicial review of the law is procedurally flawed

Changing religions in Arabic is called Riddah. Meanwhile, apostate refers to the perpetrator, namely the person who is an apostate. Riddah linguistically means Ar-rujū'u 'ani al sya'i ilā ghairihi (turning from one thing to another). According to the term, it means leaving Islam to disbelief, either through actions, words, i'tiqad or doubt. Such as believing that Allah SWT, the Creator of Nature, does not exist, Muhammad SAW's apostolate is not true, it justifies actions that are haram, such as adultery, drinking alcohol and wrongdoing, or forbids things that are halal, such as buying and selling, marriage, or denying obligations that agreed upon by the entire Muslim community, such as denying the five daily prayers, or showing behavior that shows that the person concerned has left the Islamic religion, such as throwing the Koran into a landfill, worshiping idols and worshiping the sun.

Handling rape cases requires effective forensic evidence collection to ensure justice for victims and truth disclosure in court. This study aims to evaluate protocols for collecting forensic evidence in rape cases, focusing on enhancing evidence quality and perpetrator identification accuracy. The evaluation method involves analyzing the implementation of existing protocols, including procedures for collecting and analyzing relevant physical, biological, and digital evidence in the context of sexual crimes. The study's findings indicate that increasing training and awareness of updated protocols can significantly improve the quality of collected evidence and the accuracy of perpetrator identification. These findings highlight the importance of collaboration among investigators, forensic experts, and other authorities in improving and implementing effective protocols for handling rape cases. This research provides a foundation for ongoing improvements in forensic procedures to enhance justice for victims of sexual crimes and overall community safety.