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Every business definitely wants to expand its business by opening new branches in different regions to increase income and become a successful business. To open a new business branch, of course, a lot of consideration is needed before making a decision. So that the decision is correct and in accordance with needs, Research is used in its implementation. Therefore, this research applies a decision support system using the Multi Attribute Utility Theory (MAUT) method in selecting a new branch location for the Tokepangsit Medan business which will open a new branch in Langkat Regency. With this method, the decision result obtained is alternative 4, namely Selesai District, which gets the highest score of 0.640.

Toko Liv Beauty is one of the business players in the beauty sector that is developing in North Sumatra, specifically in the West Binjai sub-district, Binjai City. As a store that provides various beauty products, this research aims to assist Toko Liv Beauty in determining a strategic location for opening a new branch using the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method. The TOPSIS method was chosen for its ability to analyze alternatives based on positive and negative ideal solutions objectively. A case study was conducted at three potential locations in Binjai: Binjai City, Binjai South, and Binjai North, considering five main criteria: population density, ease of transportation access, number of competitors, rental costs, and building area. The analysis process involves normalizing the decision matrix, calculating weighted values, identifying ideal solutions, and determining alternative preferences. The analysis results show that the location with the highest preference is Binjai North (1), followed by Binjai South (0.5885) and Binjai City (0). Thus, Binjai North is recommended as a strategic location for opening a new branch of Toko Liv Beauty. The implementation of the TOPSIS method in this research is expected to contribute to more effective data-driven decision-making for the business development of Toko Liv Beauty.

:Pakistan is a developing country. Its transportation infrastructure mainly consists of road network. About 95% passengers and fright is transported using the road network. This high demand on road network is because of the unreliable railway system between the cities. Due to such high demand on road network the accident involvement risk of an individual is much high as compared to developed countries. This study uses a new modeling approach to estimate road safety risk for WTP.  A correlated random parameters Tobit model (heterogeneity-in-mean) is integrated with machine learning (Decision tree).  The decision tree categorizes higher-order interactions, while the model captures unobserved correlations and heterogeneity. The framework examines WTP determinants using a representative sample of 3178 road users from Pakistan. The model estimates WTP for different (fatal and severe injury) risk reductions to monetize road traffic crash costs. Results show maximum respondents are willing to support safety improvement policies. The model reveals significant WTP heterogeneity linked to perceptions of road safety and accident risk. Systematic preference heterogeneity emerges through higher-order interactions, offering insights into WTP relationships. Marginal effects highlight varying sensitivities to explanatory variables, quantifying their impact on WTP probability and magnitude. The framework provides two key contributions. It identifies public WTP determinants, emphasizing heterogeneous effects. It also helps in prioritization safety policies by understanding public sensitivity to WTP. The insights further emphasizing on the importance of road safety interventions to the specific socio-economic profiles of road users. This study offers a significant contribution to road safety improvement by providing valuable recommendations for policy makers. By integrating detailed socio-economic factors, it also addresses the urgent need for targeted traffic safety interventions in Pakistan. These findings are expected to aid policymakers and stakeholders in developing effective strategies to enhance road safety and reduce the accident involvement risk effectively.

The application of the Behaviorally Anchored Rating Scale (BARS) method in employee performance assessment has been shown to increase the objectivity and accuracy of evaluations in various organizations. The BARS method assesses performance based on specific behaviors related to a particular task, thereby reducing subjectivity in assessment. Recent research by Hia et al. (2024) shows that the integration of the BARS method with a web-based system can facilitate the process of assessing and reporting employee performance. In this study, the BARS method was applied to identify factors that affect employee performance, while the web-based system helped to summarize assessment data efficiently. In addition, research by Rouza and Yanto (2020) at Pasir Pengaraian University developed a web-based Employee Performance Assessment Information System (SIPENTAJA) using the BARS method. This system makes it easier for leaders to assess and report employee performance quickly and accurately. Thus, the application of the BARS method integrated with a web-based system at di PT XYZ, Indonesia, is expected to increase the objectivity of employee performance assessments,facilitate the evaluation process, and support better decision making in human resource management.

This study aims to analyze factors that influence fraud disclosure . Fraud, or fraudulent acts, have become a significant problem in various sectors in Indonesia, especially with the dominance of corruption cases. This widespread corruption has a negative impact on the country's economy and public trust in institutions. Previous studies have shown that forensic audits, with an analytical approach to financial evidence, and investigative audits, which focus on thorough investigation procedures, significantly contribute to fraud disclosure. The professionalism of auditor judgment plays a role in ensuring that audit decisions are based on accurate analysis, while auditor independence is important to maintain integrity and objectivity in carrying out audits. In addition, internal control helps prevent and detect fraud early on. This study uses a qualitative method with a literature review approach sourced from trusted journals and scientific publications. The results of the study show that the integration of these factors can increase the effectiveness of fraud disclosure. These findings also emphasize the importance of implementing modern technology, such as big data analytics and artificial intelligence, to strengthen the audit system. The conclusion of this study suggests the importance of a combination of various audit elements to support better organizational oversight. The results of this study indicate that forensic audits, investigative audits, professional judgment, auditor independence, and internal control have a positive effect on fraud disclosure.

Meter management and maintenance play a critical role in ensuring billing accuracy and operational efficiency at PLN, particularly in the Kisaran Branch Office. The manual system currently employed often encounters challenges such as inconsistent data recording, delays in maintenance, and a lack of information transparency. To address these issues, a Meter Maintenance Information System has been designed as an efficient solution for managing measuring instruments.This system is designed to support meter data recording, maintenance schedule monitoring, maintenance history logging, and real- time reporting of meter conditions. Utilizing web-based technology and a centralized database, the system integrates meter data from various locations, facilitating decision- making for technical staff. Implementation results indicate that the Meter Maintenance Information System can improve management efficiency by up to 40%, reduce recording errors, and accelerate the identification process of meter damage. Furthermore, the system supports operational cost efficiency by optimizing maintenance schedules. Thus, this system is expected to serve as a strategic step for PLN to enhance service quality for its customers.  

Changes in the health insurance system in Indonesia continue to evolve, one of which is implementing the Standard Inpatient Class (KRIS) policy as a replacement for the BPJS Health class system based on Presidential Regulation (Perpres) Number 59 of 2024. This policy is designed to unify healthcare classes to reduce disparities in healthcare access and quality in Indonesia. However, its implementation is faced with key challenges, including hospital infrastructure readiness, limited human resources, and criticism from various parties, including patients and healthcare providers. This study uses a qualitative approach with descriptive methods to review various policy documents, relevant literature, and legal and social perspectives related to policy implementation. The results show that although KRIS has the potential to reduce disparities in access to health services, its implementation requires more attention to the readiness of health facilities, strengthening management systems, and budget adjustments to support optimal operations. Furthermore, this policy requires the active involvement of the community and health workers in the evaluation and decision-making process so that the policy is more responsive to the real needs in the field. The theoretical approaches used, such as public policy theory and progressive law, highlight the importance of cooperation between the government, healthcare providers, and communities to ensure effective and equitable implementation of KRIS. This research suggests improving hospital infrastructure, continuous training for health workers, and strengthening a transparent monitoring system to ensure the success of this policy. This research is expected to make a positive contribution to the formulation of health policies that are more inclusive and sustainable and can serve as a reference in efforts to realize a more equitable and fair health service system for all Indonesians.

Teachers provide dedication to students to convey knowledge. In addition, teachers also play a role in educating, guiding, and training students so that they can understand the material being taught. Teachers have a very significant role in creating a superior and quality generation. The Principal at SDN Weetame does not utilize the application in the process of selecting qualified and competent teachers or instructors. Researchers observed and designed A selection support system for determining the best instructors implementing multi-attribute-based decision-making method, namely the WP (Weighted Product) method. The outcomes of this study reveal that SPK application can be used easily and produce decisions quickly so that the Principal can make the right choice.

Decision Support System (DSS) is a system used to assist decision makers in determining the best alternative based on certain criteria. Determining retirement eligibility for ASN (State Civil Apparatus) employees is one of the important aspects in human resource management, where this decision affects the future of employee careers, their welfare, and state budget management. This study proposes the development of a decision support system for determining retirement eligibility for ASN employees using the Multi-Attribute Decision Making (MADM) method. The MADM method is a decision-making technique that considers several criteria and alternatives to produce optimal decisions. In this study, the criteria used to determine retirement eligibility include retirement age, length of service, work performance, health, and other factors relevant to the applicable pension policy. The method used in this system includes several steps, namely identifying criteria, assigning weights to each criterion, and evaluating alternatives based on these criteria using calculation techniques such as AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) or TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution). The results of this evaluation will provide recommendations on whether an employee is eligible for retirement or can still continue his career. The developed system is expected to facilitate the decision-making process regarding ASN employee retirement by providing objective and transparent analysis, so that the decisions taken are more appropriate and in accordance with applicable policies. Thus, this system can improve efficiency and effectiveness in human resource management in government agencies.

PT Jasa Raharja is one of the state-owned enterprises (BUMN) operating in the insurance services sector. The employee selection process often involves subjectivity and a lack of consistent evaluation standards, making it less effective. With the implementation of a Decision Support System (DSS), this assessment process can be carried out meticulously, considering various criteria that influence the final decision. The outcome of this ranking process will determine the most suitable candidate for acceptance. To achieve accurate results, the ARAS and Weighted Product comparison methods are applied. The data used are derived from the company's criteria. The criteria utilized in this study include interviews, psychometric tests, work experience, age, and education. The results of this study produced different rankings: Irfan, according to the ARAS method, has a preference weight of (0.8912), while in the WP method, he has a preference weight of (0.1229).

The Personnel Management Information System (SIMPEG) is a technology-based application used to manage personnel data in a centralized, efficient, and accurate manner. SIMPEG enables various administrative processes, such as payroll, promotions, and employee data management, to be automated, which were previously done manually and prone to errors. This study discusses the concept of SIMPEG, its implementation stages, and its benefits in improving efficiency, data accuracy, service transparency, quick decision-making, and centralized resource management. The research findings show that SIMPEG reduces manual workload, enhances the accuracy and speed of access to employee data, and supports better and more timely decision-making. In addition, SIMPEG increases transparency in administrative processes, reduces operational costs, and strengthens public trust in government institutions. However, the successful implementation of SIMPEG depends on the readiness of technological infrastructure and user training. Therefore, infrastructure development and training are crucial to optimizing SIMPEG use throughout Indonesia.

Rape is a criminal act by means of violence, threats and forcing the will on others, to commit an act that violates the rules, rape is often committed by someone by forcing others to have intercourse with threats and violence. In rape, many become victims, where almost all victims lack the courage to defend themselves so that it is easy for someone to commit rape. As in article 285 of the Criminal Code. The type of research used is normative juridical and empirical juridical. Normative juridical research is legal research that places law as a building of a norm system. The norm system in question is regarding the principles, norms, rules of laws and regulations, agreements and doctrines (teachings). This research was conducted on secondary data such as laws and regulations, scientific journals, law books related to the law of cooperation agreements and agencies. While empirical juridical research is research that has an object of study regarding community behavior. The behavior of the community studied is behavior that arises as a result of interacting with the existing norm system. The interaction emerged as a form of public reaction to the implementation of a positive legal provision and can also be seen from the behavior of the community as a form of action in influencing the formation of a positive legal provision. Empirical legal research in writing this thesis was conducted through direct interviews with the Sei Rampah District Court, Serdang Bedagai Regency. Research Results A. Imposition of sanctions on perpetrators of rape in the decision of the Serdang Bedagai District Court Number 511 / Pid.Sus / 2022 Pn Srh. Sentencing the Defendant therefore to imprisonment for 14 (fourteen) years and a fine of Rp1,000,000,000.00 (one billion rupiah) with the provision that if the fine is not paid it is replaced with imprisonment for 2 (two) months; B. Regulation of criminal acts of indecency in laws and regulations. Article 281 of the Criminal Code Threatened with a maximum imprisonment of 2 years and 8 months or a maximum fine of Rp4.5 million: C. Obstacles faced in protecting victims of indecency against women and steps. The obstacles experienced are in the form of a protracted legal process (undue delay), evidence, the absence of articles regulating certain sexual crimes, intimidation from the perpetrator, and lack of support from the victim's closest environment.  

In the era of agricultural digitalization, dependence on Internet of Things (IoT) technology is increasing, yet supporting infrastructure remains vulnerable to connectivity disruptions. This research aims to develop an alternative protocol for IoT-based agricultural systems that can operate during internet connection failures, focusing on implementing a failsafe mode using NodeMCU ESP8266. The research methodology includes developing a monitoring system using soil moisture sensors and ultrasonic sensors for water level detection, as well as performance evaluation based on decision-making accuracy parameters, mode transition response time, and consistency in water management. Implementation results showed a 40,1% reduction in water consumption compared to traditional irrigation methods. The failsafe mechanism demonstrated sustained operations with 98% reliability in maintaining optimal soil moisture levels during 72-hour offline periods. This research contributes significantly to the development of smart agriculture through a cost-effective and scalable solution, particularly for areas with limited infrastructure that only require basic internet connectivity and minimal maintenance.

ERP software has become an essential tool for managing and organizing vast amounts of data within institutions, especially with the rise of big data concepts. As a relatively new innovation, ERP falls under the umbrella of digital transformations shaping the modern world. These systems, along with their associated applications, offer capabilities that facilitate integration and coordination among departments and processes within organizations. This, in turn, supports better strategic decision-making. Additionally, ERP systems play a crucial role in enhancing production processes and improving customer interaction, provided that the technology and the data it generates are utilized effectively  

A hotel is one of the places needed as lodging facilities. The selection of a hotel is indispensable to the goals and needs of the visitor. In addition, a strategic location and a comfortable atmosphere are also considerations. The lack of information about hotels is one of the problems for visitors when it comes to a city to determine the desired hotel. This study develops a Decision Support System (SPK) to choose the best hotel in Medan City using the Outranking RElation Sorting method on basis of Threshold Exploration (ORESTE). This system is designed to assist visitors in choosing a hotel that meets the desired criteria. The Outranking RElation Sorting method on basis of Threshold Exploration (ORESTE) is used to determine the weight of each attribute and perform alternative ranking of hotels. In this study, the criteria used include the type of hotel, location, facilities, service and price. This system is expected to help visitors in making more precise and objective decisions. The results of the study show that this SPK system can help visitors in choosing the best hotel that suits their needs.

Diabetes is one of the diseases that poses a significant global health challenge, with a considerable impact on quality of life and mortality rates. This study examines the use of the Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithm for diabetes classification through a literature review. SVM was chosen due to its ability to handle imbalanced and complex data. The aim of this study is to assess the effectiveness of SVM compared to other machine learning methods in detecting diabetes. The results of the literature review indicate that SVM achieves higher accuracy than other methods such as Naïve Bayes and Decision Tree, with some studies showing accuracy above 90%. This study is expected to provide deeper insights into the development of machine learning-based diagnostic systems for diabetes.

The Plelen Subdistrict Office is one of the government offices in Batang district, Central Java, which implements the RASKIN program, where the selection of prospective RASKIN recipients is still recorded manually. So that residents who should receive assistance will receive it according to the required criteria and will no longer be the wrong target for RASKIN recipients. Therefore, there is a need for a Decision Support System that can make it easier for sub-district employees to make decisions for residents who receive Poor Rice (RASKIN). With the existence of a decision support system (DSS), the aim is to make decisions more quickly and accurately. One method used is Weighted Product. The Weighted Product method is a method of determining order (priority) in multicriteria analysis and uses a multiplication technique to connect attribute ratings, where the rating of each attribute must first be raised to the power of the weight of the attribute in question.

Providing Scholarships is a work program that exists in every school. The scholarship program was held to ease the burden on students during their study period, especially regarding costs. Providing scholarships to students must be done selectively according to the type of scholarship being provided. Scholarships are income for those who receive them and the purpose of the scholarship is to help ease the burden of educational costs for students who receive scholarships. One of the methods used to determine potential scholarship recipients is profile matching because it is able to select the best alternative from a number of alternatives, in this case the intended alternative is those who are entitled to receive a scholarship based on specified criteria. The research was carried out by determining the aspects and sub-aspects and looking for the weight value for each sub-aspect, looking for the GAP between the profile and the state of the students' data. By using this method, the presentation of the two aspect elements is determined and added together, then a ranking process is carried out which will determine the optimal alternative, namely the student with the highest score. There are two forms of scholarship recipients used in this research, namely based on family economics and based on student attendance. The final result of this research is a decision support system for determining prospective scholarship recipients who are able to provide solutions in the form of ranking results from the Profile Matching Method selection based on predetermined criteria.

Pakistan is a developing country. Its transportation infrastructure mainly consists of road network. About 95% passengers and fright is transported using the road network. This high demand on road network is because of the unreliable railway system between the cities. Due to such high demand on road network the accident involvement risk of an individual is much high as compared to developed countries. This study uses a new modeling approach to estimate road safety risk for WTP.  A correlated random parameters Tobit model (heterogeneity-in-mean) is integrated with machine learning (Decision tree).  The decision tree categorizes higher-order interactions, while the model captures unobserved correlations and heterogeneity. The framework examines WTP determinants using a representative sample of 3178 road users from Pakistan. The model estimates WTP for different (fatal and severe injury) risk reductions to monetize road traffic crash costs. Results show maximum respondents are willing to support safety improvement policies. The model reveals significant WTP heterogeneity linked to perceptions of road safety and accident risk. Systematic preference heterogeneity emerges through higher-order interactions, offering insights into WTP relationships. Marginal effects highlight varying sensitivities to explanatory variables, quantifying their impact on WTP probability and magnitude. The framework provides two key contributions. It identifies public WTP determinants, emphasizing heterogeneous effects. It also helps in prioritization safety policies by understanding public sensitivity to WTP. The insights further emphasizing on the importance of road safety interventions to the specific socio-economic profiles of road users. This study offers a significant contribution to road safety improvement by providing valuable recommendations for policy makers. By integrating detailed socio-economic factors, it also addresses the urgent need for targeted traffic safety interventions in Pakistan. These findings are expected to aid policymakers and stakeholders in developing effective strategies to enhance road safety and reduce the accident involvement risk effectively.

This research explores the role of digital technology and artificial intelligence (AI) in transforming Islamic family law practices, with a focus on efficiency, accessibility, and justice. This study aims to analyze how technology supports administrative processes, legal decision-making, and public literacy toward Islamic law. The method used is a multidisciplinary approach that integrates the perspectives of sharia law, technology, and ethics. The results show that digital technology improves efficiency through document digitization, online registration, and virtual hearings, while AI makes a significant contribution through big data analysis to understand family dispute patterns and offer algorithm-based recommendations. However, there are challenges related to algorithm bias, data security, and compliance with sharia values. The study emphasizes the importance of collaboration between scholars, technology experts, and legal practitioners to ensure the adoption of technology that is aligned with maqashid al-shariah, in order to create an adaptive and inclusive Islamic family legal system in the digital era.